EnSite NavX三维电生理系统指导下环肺静脉前庭隔离导管消融治疗心房颤动

目的 探讨EnSire NavX三维电生理系统指导环肺静脉前庭隔离导管消融治疗心房颤动(房颤)的有效性和安全性.方法 在EnSite NavX三维电生理系统指导下对38例药物治疗无效的阵发性或持续性房颤患者行环肺静脉导管消融,随访观察其疗效和安全性.结果 38例患者都达到消融终点,双侧肺静脉均完全隔离.手术操作时间(233.8±31.7)min,X线曝光时间(32.5±4.7)min,左房建模时间(27.5±7.5)min.术后随访(9±3)月,单次消融的成功率为89.5%,出现并发症7.9%.结论 EnSite NavX三维电生理系统指导下环肺静脉前庭隔离导管捎融治疗房颤是一种较为有效且安全的方法.     

导管消融治疗心房颤动的有效性与安全性研究

目的探讨经导管消融治疗心房颤动的有效性和安全性。方法对32例阵发性房颤,4例持续性房颤患者进行导管消融治疗。其中,3例患者采用环状冷冻导管消融(cryoablation)隔离肺静脉;33例患者采用Lasso导管及三维电解剖标测(CARTO)指导的环肺静脉前庭线性消融。结果成功率:冷冻消融组为33.33%;CARTO组为90.9%。手术时间:CARTO组较冷冻消融组,手术时间延长,CARTO组手术时间为(325±79)min;冷冻消融(205±72)min,P<0.05。X线曝光时间:CARTO组较冷冻消融组,曝光时间缩短,CARTO组(43±16)min;冷冻消融为(55±18)min,P<0.05。并发症:冷冻消融无并发症;CARTO组出现2例心脏压塞;另有1例患者术后第2d出现脑栓塞,经药物治疗后,肢体障碍完全恢复。结论经导管冷冻消融及CARTO指导下,环肺静脉前庭线性消融治疗房颤的方法均安全有效。三维电解剖标测(CARTO)指导下的环肺静脉前庭线性消融术效果更好。     

三维电解剖标测系统联合CT影像融合技术指导心房颤动环肺静脉电隔离术的临床研究

目的探讨和比较新型三维电解剖标测系统(CARTO3)及CT影像融合技术(CARTO-Merge)指导阵发性心房颤动与持续性心房颤动环肺静脉电隔离术(CPVI)的有效性和安全性。方法 52例经药物治疗无效且有房颤症状患者分为阵发性房颤组24例(A组)与持续性房颤组28例(B组)。将术前16排心脏CT扫描数据与CARTO3系统快速解剖标测重建三维解剖图形进行CARTO-Merge融合,指导CPVI,终点为消除所有肺静脉电位,未转律者行直流电复律。结果所有患者用环状标测导管Lasso建模,A组与B组间肺静脉前庭平均直径、平均手术总时间及平均冷盐水输入量差异均有统计学意义(均<0.05);两组CARTO三维消融靶点图与CT三维解剖图的平均距离、平均融合时间、平均X线曝光及消融时间差异均无统计学意义(均>0.05)。A组18例(75%)与B组14例(50%)患者消融转为窦律,两组均未发生严重并发症。结论 CARTO3及CARTO-Merge指导房颤CPVI具有较好的有效性与安全性。     

肺静脉前庭线性消融治疗阵发性心房颤动的疗效观察

目的:探讨在Carto三维电解剖标测指导下行左心房环肺静脉前庭线性消融治疗阵发性心房颤动的疗效。方法:在Carto系统中对13例入选的阵发性房颤患者建立左心房三维电解剖图,通过肺静脉造影确定肺静脉开口,围绕左、右上、下肺静脉口完成环肺静脉前庭线性消融。预设温度43℃,最大功率30W,每点消融时间大于20s。局部电位振幅降低50%以上再移动靶点,逐点完成预定消融线,以肺静脉电位完全消失并观察半小时以上仍然未恢复为消融终点。结果:所有患者均成功达到消融终点,平均操作时间为181±41min,透视时间为60±23min,放电次数120±60次。术后随访8.0±8.0个月,仅第2例在术后第3天再发房颤,但数小时自动转复为窦性心律,其后维持为窦性心律,余均为窦性心律。所有患者均无肺静脉狭窄发生。结论:三维电解剖标测指导在左心房环肺静脉前庭行线性消融治疗阵发性房颤安全有效。     

非接触三维标测系统指导下环肺静脉电隔治疗心房颤动的临床评价

目的:探讨非接触三维标测系统指导下环肺静脉电融隔离治疗心房颤动(房颤)的可行性和临床疗效.方法:28例药物治疗无效或不能耐受的房颤患者.其中23例阵发性房颤、5例持续性房颤.采用非接触三维标测系统(Ensite navX)建立左心房、肺静脉的三维等时电势图和电解剖图,并在距离肺静脉口1～2 cm处行环肺静脉及其周围组织电隔离.消融终点包括:完成所有环肺静脉消融径线;全部肺静脉均达电隔离;阴性诱发结果.结果:28例患者均达到消融终点;手术的总操作时间和X线曝光时间分别为(161.3±23.2)min和(38.0±6.8)min;随访6～17月,20例(71%)无房颤发作;8例(29%)有房颤复发,其中2例因其发作次数及时间均较术前明显减少未再消融,予以可达龙治疗可控制(术前可达龙治疗无效),6例行第2次消融,术中均发现肺静脉电位有不同程度的恢复,第2次术后4例房颤无再发,2例仍有发作但未再消融,予以可达龙治疗可控制.术中及随访期间无任何操作相关并发症.结论:非接触三维标测系统指导下的环肺静电隔离是治疗房颤的有效而安全的方法.肺静脉既是房颤的诱发机制,亦有可能参与房颤的维持.     

Carto-Merge技术指导下肺静脉前庭电解剖隔离的初期经验

目的:介绍应用Carto-Merge技术将左心房和肺静脉CT三维重建图像与Carto电解剖标测图像相整合,指导肺静脉前庭电解剖隔离治疗心房颤动的初期经验.方法:对13例阵发性和2例持续性房颤患者,应用Carto-Merge技术进行肺静脉前庭电解剖隔离.结果:消融前左心房各壁标测点为(103±13)个;图像融合后,点与面之间的配准距离为(1.8±0.2) mm;环左肺静脉消融点(66±15)个,环右肺静脉消融点(58±20)个;所有患者均达到肺静脉电隔离;手术时间(305±45) min,透视时间(52±18) min;术中、术后无并发症发生.结论:CT三维重建后的图像接近真实解剖,与Carto电解剖标测图像的整合图像可帮助术者校正和弥补Carto电解剖图像的不足,有助于提高手术成功率,减少并发症.     

环肺静脉电隔离联合左心房线性消融治疗阵发性心房颤动的临床研究

目的 探讨环肺静脉电隔离联合左心房线性消融治疗阵发性心房颤动(PAF,简称房颤)的临床效果与安全性.方法 选择23例PAF患者,应用Ensite3000 Navx系统和Lasso电极指导下行环肺静脉电隔离及左房顶部线、峡部线消融.消融终点为:在消融过程中房颤终止,且肺静脉电位消失,或房颤不终止,但肺静脉电位消失;若在窦律下消融,肺静脉电位消失;左心房顶部及峡部线达到完全阻滞.结果 23例PAF患者均顺利完成手术,手术时间234～297 min,平均(277±41)min,X线暴光时间29～55 min,19例患者术中出现房颤,其中14例在消融过程中房颤终止且达到肺静脉电隔离,另外5例消融过程中房颤未终止,但肺静脉完全隔离.4例患者在窦性心律下完成了肺静脉电隔离.左心房顶部线全部达到完全阻滞,峡部线有2例未能达到完全阻滞.随访期间发现3个月后有86.9%的患者房颤消失或明显减少.结论 环肺静脉电隔离联合左心房线性消融治疗PAF 安全、可靠. Abstract： Objective To study the clinical efficacy and safety of circumferential pulmonary vein isolation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation(PAF) combined with left atrial linear lesion. Methods Twenty-three PAF patients were performed circumferential pulmonary vein isolation combined linear lesion of left atrial isthmus and loof with Ensite 3000 Navx and Lasso electrodes guiding. Radiofrequency end point, atrial fibrillation stopped and pulmonary vein potentials(PVPs) disappeared, or atrial fibrillation did not stop, but PVPs disappeared. PVPs disappeared if atrial fibrillation was ablated during sinus rhythm. Left atrium loof and isthmus line were complete block.Results Twenty-three PAF patients were performed ablation, operation times were from 234 to 297 minutes, X ray time was from 29 to 55 minutes, 19 atrial fibrillations occurred during operation, of which 14 atrial fibrillations stopped with pulmonary vein isolation and linear lesion, the other 5 atrial fibrillations didn't stop, but which pulmonary veins were isolated. Tour patients were performed pulmonary vein isolation during sinus rhythm. All roof lines were completely block, and 2 left atrial isthmus lines were not completely block. 86.9% patients' atrial fibrillation disappeared or decreased significantly.Conclusions It is safe and efficient to treat PAF with circumferential pulmonary vein isolation combined with left atrial linear lesion.     

肺静脉节段性隔离与环肺静脉隔离导管消融治疗心房颤动的初步比较

目的 比较肺静脉节段性隔离(SPVI)与EnSiteNavX三维电生理系统指导下环肺静脉隔离导管消融(CPVA)治疗心房颤动的有效性与安全性.方法 入选共85例房颤患者,单纯肺静脉环状电极指导下行肺静脉节段性隔离40例(阵发性30例,持续性10例);EnSiteNavX三维电生理系统指导下环肺静脉隔离45例(阵发性31例,持续性14例),随访均超过半年.结果 SPVI组成功率为65%,CPVA组成功率为84.4%,P=0.038.主要并发症发生率SPVI组为17.5%,CPVA组为6.7%,P=0.0845;肺静脉狭窄率在CPVA组为0%,在SPVI组为12.5%,P=0.0312.总手术操作时间在SPVI组为(200.4±37.0)min,在CPVA组为(226.5±26.1)min,P=0.002.X线曝光时间在SPVI组为(54.7±9.7)min,在CPVA组为(27.1±3.1)min,P<0.0001.结论 EnSiteNavX三维电生理系统指导下环肺静脉隔离导管消融治疗房颤较单纯肺静脉环状电极指导下的节段性肺静脉隔离更为有效且X线曝光时间更短,但手术操作时间较长;主要并发症发生率在两组间无明显差异,但环肺静脉隔离组的肺静脉狭窄率较节段性隔离组低.     

肺静脉口节段性电隔离和环肺静脉消融治疗阵发性房颤的比较

目的 比较肺静脉口节段性电隔离（SPVI）和环肺静脉消融（CPVA）两种术式治疗阵发性房颤在方法学、疗效和安全性方面的差异。方法 66例阵发性房颤患者30例接受SPVI术,36例CPVA术,两组患者一般临床情况相似。。SPVI组经验性电隔离四条肺静脉。CPVA组采用CARTO电解剖标测系统及双Lasso标测电极技术,分别进行环左、右侧肺静脉线性消融,消融终点为肺静脉电隔离。记录方法学参数：手术时间、射频放电时间、X线曝光时间。术前和术后检查超声心动图、动态心电图和左房及肺静脉螺旋CT三维重建。结果 SPVI组的手术时间（137±36）min ,放电时间（36±10）min,与CPVA组手术时间（208±61）min,放电时间（76±17）min比较差异有显著性（P<0.05）,而X线曝光时间（40±13）min）,与CPVA组（46±20）min相似（P=0.113）。术后随访（407±150）d,SPVI组和CPVA组手术达到终点率（93% vs. 86% P =0.343）和治愈率（70% vs. 75% P=0.650）相似。总的并发症发生率无显著性差异（13% vs. 8%, P=0.511）。SPVI组3例,而CPVA组无肺静脉狭窄并发症;CPVA组2例脑梗死,而SPVI组无。两组各出现1例心包填塞。结论 CPVA术治疗阵发性房颤的疗效和安全性与SPVI术相似,而手术时间、放电时间较长。     

三维标测系统指导下环肺静脉前庭消融术治疗心房颤动

目的探讨三维标测系统（CARTO）指导下环肺静脉前庭消融术（CPVA）治疗心房颤动（以下简称房颤）的有效性与安全性。方法40例药物治疗无效的有临床症状的房颤患者,均在CARTO指导下行CPVA,消融终点为肺静脉电隔离,需要时加入其他消融线。结果手术即刻成功率为100％,3个月后所有患者一次手术成功率为85％（34／40）,二次手术成功率为87．5％（35／40）。阵发性房颤一次手术成功率为90％（27／30）,持续性房颤一次手术成功率为70％（7／10）。无严重并发症发生。结论三维标测系统指导下以环肺静脉前庭消融术为核心,其他消融方法为辅的房颤消融策略治疗心房颤动是安全和有效的。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.