血管内皮生长因子C促进HeLa宫颈癌细胞粘着斑激酶活性的研究

目的探讨粘着斑激酶（focal adhesion kinase,FAK）介导血管内皮细胞生长因子C（vascular endothelial growth factor C,VEGF—C）促宫颈癌恶性进展的作用。方法提取不同病理分期的宫颈癌组织标本蛋白．采用Western-blot检测VEGF．C及FAK蛋白的表达情况。在体外培养宫颈癌细胞株HeLa细胞,采用Western—blot测定VEGF—C对FAK蛋白的表达和磷酸化的调控作用。结果随着宫颈癌恶性程度的增高,VEGF-C、FAK蛋白及磷酸化FAK蛋白表达水平均随之增加。与正常宫颈组织比较,宫颈原位癌（CIN）组织中VEGF．C、FAK、磷酸化FAK蛋白表达分别增加了（48±10）％、（78±14）％、（83±15）％,P〈0．05;宫颈鳞癌Ⅰ期各蛋白增高幅度分别为（104±22）％、（121±28）％、（143±30）％（P〈0．01）;宫颈鳞癌Ⅱ期（未放疗、化疗）各蛋白表达增高更为显著,其幅度分别为（195±28）％、（186±22）％、（204±31）％,P〈0．001。在培养的宫颈癌细胞株HeLa细胞上,VEGF—C（100μg／L）处理24h后,可显著增高FAK蛋白、磷酸化FAK蛋白的表达,该作用可被VEGF—C单克隆抗体明显抑制。结论VEGF—C、FAK蛋白表达与宫颈癌恶性程度密切相关,VEGF—C可能通过上调FAK表扶殛苴磷酪化水平而但讲宫颈癌的熏忡讲犀     

人乳头瘤病毒分型与宫颈病变关系的研究

目的探讨不同砸别人乳头瘤病毒（Human papilloma virus,HPV）感染与宫颈疾病发生发展的关系。方法应用核酸分子快速杂交基因分型技术,对375例宫颈病变患者（宫颈炎182例、CINI81例、CINⅡ68例、CINⅢ69例、宫颈癌15例）进行HPV感染基因型分型测定,同时进行宫颈细胞学检查。结果375例标本中HPV阳性检出率为35．2％,HPV在各类宫颈病变组的阳性枪出率分别为宫颈炎18．6％,CINI32．1％,CINⅡ57．3％,CINⅢ68．9％,宫颈癌86．7％,宫颈炎组和宫颈癌病变组HPV之间结果差异有统计学意义（x^2=105．0,P〈0．05）。HPV多重感染率为32．6％,其中最常见HPV感染亚型为HPV16。结论宫颈病变严重程度与感染HPV亚型的致病能力密切相关。HPV核酸分型检测对宫颈疾病诊断和治疗具有重要意义。     

血管内皮生长因子C在维吾尔族妇女宫颈病变组织及血清中表达的临床研究

目的检测血管内皮生长因子C（VEGF．C）在新疆维吾尔族妇女宫颈病变中组织表达及血清含量,评价组织及血清中VEGF—C的相关性及临床意义。方法①应用免疫组织化学方法检测22例慢性宫颈炎、24例宫颈上皮内瘤变（CIN）及43例宫颈鳞癌组织中VEGF—C的表达。②用酶联免疫吸附实验（ELISA）方法检测15例慢性宫颈炎、23例CIN及40例宫颈鳞癌患者血清中VEGF—C的含量。结果①慢性宫颈炎、CIN及宫颈癌组织中VEGF—C阳性表达率分别为9．10％、87．50％、100％,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。②慢性宫颈炎、CIN和宫颈癌患者血清中VEGF—C含量呈逐渐增高趋势,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。③慢性宫颈炎、CIN和宫颈鳞癌患者组织及血清中VEGF—C的表达及含量,两者之间有相关性,差异有统计学意义（r=0．27,F=5．327,P〈0．05）,组织表达越强,血清含量越高。结论VEGF．C在新疆维吾尔族妇女CIN及宫颈鳞癌的转变过程中起一定的作用。     

HIF-1α和VEGF在宫颈癌中的表达及相关性研究

目的：探讨缺氧诱导因子-1α（HIF-1α）及血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）在宫颈癌发生发展过程中蛋白表达情况及两者的相关性。方法：应用免疫组织化学S-P方法检测10例正常宫颈（NCE）、18例宫颈上皮内瘤变（CIN）、77例宫颈癌（ICC）组织中HIF-1α和VEGF蛋白的表达情况。结果：在正常宫颈上皮、宫颈上皮内瘤变组织、宫颈癌（Ⅰ—ⅡA期）组织中，HIF．1d蛋白的阳性表达率分别是0．00％、33．33％、70．13％（P〈0．05），VEGF蛋白的阳性表达率分别为10．00％、44．44％、74．00％（P〈0．05）；且随HIF—1α表达增强，VEGF阳性表达率递增，两者呈正相关（P〈0．05）。结论：HIF-1α及VEGF的表达与宫颈癌的发生发展密切相关且两者呈正相关，HIF-1α蛋白可能以转录激活的形式上调VEGF基因的表达，诱导血管生成，促进了宫颈癌的发生发展。     

宫颈上皮内瘤变中p16INK4A和Ki-67的表达

摘要：目的探讨p16^INK4A、Ki-67和HPV抗原表达及高危型HPV（HR—HPV）检测在宫颈上皮内瘤变（CIN）病理诊断中的意义。方法选取宫颈活检病理确诊为CIN的组织蜡块101例,重新切片,应用免疫组化两步法检测p16^INK4A、Ki-67和HPV抗原表达,并取正常宫颈组织50例进行对比研究。同时,应用第二代杂交捕获法对其中25例CIN组织样品进行HR—HPV检测。结果p16^INK4A蛋白表达水平在CINI、CINⅡ、CINⅢ级之间差异有非常显著性（P〈0．001）,其表达水平随着CIN级别的增高而增加,呈现良好的线性相关性（P〈0．001）;Ki-67蛋白表达阳性细胞多少与CIN分级之间无显著相关性（P〉0．05）,但其在宫颈鳞状上皮中的位置分布与CIN级别之间却有显著相关性（P〈0．05）;HPV抗原免疫组化染色阳性反应仅呈现于CIN鳞状上皮表层挖空细胞内,其阳性率在不同级别CIN之间的差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;HR—HPV在CINI、CINⅡ和CINⅢ级的检出率分别为81．8％、80．0％和100．0％,但其检出率在不同级别CIN之间差异也无显著性（P〉0．05）。结论p16^INK4A和Ki-67染色对CIN的病理诊断和分级具有一定诊断价值,对于CINI级形态结构不典型的病例,HR—HPV的检测结果对病理诊断有辅助意义。     

PPARγ、COX-2在宫颈病变中的表达与HPV16感染的关系

目的 探讨过氧化物酶增殖物激活受体γ(PPARγ)、环氧合酶2(COX-2)在宫颈癌中的表达与HPV感染的关系.方法 采用免疫组化法检测PPARγ、COX-2在宫颈癌和CIN中的表达,原位杂交法检测HPV16DAN.结果 (1) PPARγ和COX-2在对照组、CIN和宫颈癌组中的阳性表达率分别为0、55.56%、88.37%和0、75.39%、83.72%,各组间阳性表达差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).(2) HPV16在正常对照组、CIN和宫颈癌组中的阳性表达率分别为5%、46.3%、46.51%,对照组与各组间阳性表达差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),CIN与宫颈癌组间阳性表达率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).(3) 宫颈癌组织PPARγ和COX-2的表达有协同作用(r=0.322,P=0.035).结论 宫颈癌中PPARγ、COX-2的表达并不因HPV16的感染而消失,其转录功能仍然存在;PPARγ和COX-2在CIN和宫颈癌中异常表达,提示其与肿瘤的发生密切相关,检测PPARγ、COX-2有助于宫颈癌早期诊断.     

宫颈细胞学ASCUS/LSIL的临床意义及处理

目的探讨宫颈不典型鳞状上皮，低度鳞状上皮内病变（ASCUS／LSIL）的临床意义及处理方法。方法对中国医学科学院肿瘤医院2004～2006年妇科门诊用TCT（宫颈液基细胞学）的方法检出的254例ASCUS／LSIL以病理结果为金标准进行回顾性分析，其中136例进行了阴道镜检查。结果在140例ASCUS中，宫颈上皮内瘤变（CIN）病变占51．5％，其中高度病变占22．9％，114例LSIL中CIN病变占59．6％，其中高度病变占30．7％，两组资料比较差异无统计学意义，P〉0．05。其中136例中阴道镜诊断炎症47例，低度宫颈上皮内病变53例，高度宫颈上皮内病变36例及病理检查结果炎症55例，低度宫颈上皮内病变41例，高度宫颈上皮内病变40例，阴道镜与病理对照进行了～致性检验，Kappa=0．314，U=0．064，P〈0．05，一致性好。病理证实人乳头状瘤病毒（HPV）阳性的妇女中CIN发生率79％（67／84），而HPV阴性者中CIN发生率43．5％％（74／170），结果显示两组资料比较差异有统计学意义，X^2=29．88，P〈0．05。本组资料中年龄在35～55岁的妇女占83．5％与HPV阳性的妇女年龄高峰一致。结论对ASCUS的患者应与LSIL同样重视，立即进行阴道镜检查以避免22．9％的高度病变的患者漏诊或失访，对35～55岁的HPV感染的妇女应更加重视。     

子宫颈鳞状上皮内瘤变及鳞状细胞癌中间质细胞CD34、α-SMA的表达及意义

目的探讨CD34和平滑肌肌动蛋白（α-SMA）在宫颈各种病变间质细胞中的表达及其在宫颈癌早期浸润诊断中的价值。方法应用免疫组化SP法检测78例宫颈各种病变组织（正常10例、低级别CIN15例、高级别CIN16例、宫颈癌伴早期浸润15例、宫颈癌22例）的间质细胞中CD34、α-SMA的表达。结果CD34在所有正常宫颈和低级别CIN间质细胞中均表达,高级别CIN阳性表达率为87．5％（14／16）,而在宫颈癌伴早期浸润和宫颈癌中阳性表达率分别为40％（6／15）和40．9％（9／22）,宫颈癌伴早期浸润和癌组织明显低于正常、低级别和高级别CIN（P〈0．05）。α-SMA在正常宫颈间质细胞中无表达,低级别和高级别CIN阳性表达率分别为13．3％（2／15）和81．3％（13／16）,而所有宫颈癌伴早期浸润和宫颈癌间质细胞中均有α-SMA的表达,高级别CIN、宫颈癌伴早期浸润和宫颈癌高于低级别CIN（P〈0．05）。结论宫颈间质细胞。CD34表达缺失和α-SMA表达获得与宫颈鳞状上皮的恶性转化密切相关。检测宫颈病变中间质细胞CD34和α-SMA的表达有助于在小的活检标本中宫颈早期浸润癌和宫颈癌的诊断。     

VEGF在宫颈上皮内瘤样病变及宫颈癌的表达及意义

目的探讨血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）在宫颈上皮内瘤样病变（CIN）及宫颈癌中的表达及意义。方法采用免疫组织化学SP法检测22例正常子宫颈、24例CIN、44例子宫颈癌石蜡标本组织中VEGF蛋白的表达情况。结果VEGF蛋白在正常宫颈、CIN、宫颈癌中的阳性表达率分别为45.45%、83.33%、95.45%,差异有非常显著意义（P〈0.01）。正常子宫颈与CIN比较、CIN与宫颈癌比较,VEGF蛋白的表达量均有显著性差异（P〈0.01）。结论VEGF蛋白在宫颈癌的发生中有一定作用,提示这种蛋白有可能作为高危人群早期筛查的一种免疫组化指标。     

微血管密度、VEGF及受体FLK-1在宫颈癌中的作用及意义

目的采用Max Vision法免疫组化检测宫颈癌组织中微血管密度(microvessel density,MVD),检测血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)及其受体FLK- 1在宫颈癌中的阳性表达,探讨MVD、VEGF及FLK-1与宫颈癌增殖、发展的关系。方法选取40例宫颈鳞癌(Ib2~IIb期)患者肿瘤组织为研究对象,以癌旁宫颈组织作为对照组(26例)。采用Max Vision法对宫颈癌及癌旁宫颈组织的石蜡切片进行免疫组化染色,对相关组织的MVD、VEGF及FLK-1阳性表达率进行检测,按Orre和Volm等的判断标准进行评价,并对结果进行统计学分析。结果宫颈鳞癌组织的微血管密度(MVD)、VEGF及FLK-1阳性表达率明显高于癌旁宫颈组织,两者间差异有统计学意义;宫颈鳞癌与对照组间MVD、VEGF及FLK-1的表达和肿瘤的临床分期和病理类型相关;VEGF与受体FLK- 1蛋白表达强度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 MVD与宫颈癌的增殖与发展密切相关,VEGF及其受体FLK- 1的高表达在宫颈癌的增殖发展中起着重要的作用。     

Genotyping of human papillomavirus in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in a high-risk population

Infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV) is responsible for 99.7% of cervical cancers, the second most prevalent neoplasia in women worldwide and the fifth leading cause of death by cancer in this population. In Chile, the incidence rate is 14.4 cases per 100,000 women per year and it is considered a significant public health problem. The natural history of cervical cancer begins gradually from low-grade and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions to an invasive disease. In this study the frequency of HPV types was determined by HPV genotyping with reverse line blot hybridization in 200 cytobrushes of women with preneoplastic lesions in a high-risk population. HPV DNA was found in 89% of the lesions (83.3% of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions and 93.6% of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions). Multiple HPV infections were found in 14.4% and 15.5% of low- and high-grade lesions, respectively. HPV 16 was the most frequent genotype in single infections, followed by HPV 18. These results show that most of the preneoplastic lesions of the cervix (60%) were associated with HPV 16 and/or HPV 18, supporting the implementation of an HPV vaccination program in this high-risk population.     

Clinicopathological Implications of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) L1 Capsid Protein Immunoreactivity in HPV16-Positive Cervical Cytology

Background: The objective of this study was to investigate the expression of human papilloma virus (HPV) L1 capsid protein in abnormal cervical cytology with HPV16 infection and analyze its association with cervical histopathology in Korean women.Material and Methods: We performed immunocytochemistry for HPV L1 in 475 abnormal cervical cytology samples from patients with HPV16 infections using the Cytoactiv^® HPV L1 screening set. We investigated the expression of HPV L1 in cervical cytology samples and compared it with the results of histopathological examination of surgical specimens.Results: Of a total of 475 cases, 188 (39.6%) were immunocytochemically positive and 287 (60.4%) negative for HPV L1. The immunocytochemical expression rates of HPV L1 in atypical squamous cells of unknown significance (ASCUS), low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL), high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL), and cancer were 21.8%, 59.7%, 19.1%, and 0.0%, respectively. LSIL exhibited the highest rate of HPV L1 positivity. Of a total of 475 cases, the multiple-type HPV infection rate, including HPV16, in HPV L1-negative cytology samples was 27.5%, which was significantly higher than that in HPV L1-positive cytology samples (p = 0.037). The absence of HPV L1 expression in ASCUS and LSIL was significantly associated with high-grade (≥cervical intraepithelial neoplasia [CIN] 2) than low-grade (≤CIN1) histopathology diagnoses (p < 0.05), but was not significantly different between HPV16 single and multiple-type HPV infections (p > 0.05). On the other hand, among 188 HPV L1-positive cases, 30.6% of multiple-type HPV infections showed high-grade histopathology diagnoses (≥CIN3), significantly higher than the percentage of HPV16 single infections (8.6%) (p = 0.0004)Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that the expression of HPV L1 is low in advanced dysplasia. Furthermore, the absence of HPV L1 in HPV16-positive low-grade cytology (i.e., ASCUS and LSIL) is strongly associated with high-grade histopathology diagnoses. The multiplicity of HPV infections may have an important role in high-grade histopathology diagnoses (≥CIN3) in HPV L1-positive cases.     

宫颈癌组织APOBEC3A蛋白的表达与高危型HPV感染的相关性研究

 目的： 探讨宫颈癌组织中载脂蛋白 B mRNA 编辑酶催化多肽样蛋白3A（APOBEC3A）表达与高危型人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染的关系。方法： 采用免疫组化法检测26例宫颈癌、27例宫颈上皮内瘤变（CIN）I～III和22例正常宫颈组织APOBEC3A蛋白的表达,同时使用凯普分型检测试剂盒对3组样品分别进行高危HPV16/HPV18分型检测。以脂质体法转染APOBEC3A质粒进入HeLa细胞,RT-qPCR与Western blotting验证APOBEC3A对高危型HPV18 E6 mRNA以及蛋白表达的影响。结果：宫颈癌组织、CIN组织以及正常宫颈组织中APOBEC3A蛋白表达的阳性率分别为46.2%、92.6%和86.4%,宫颈癌组织中APOBEC3A蛋白表达较正常宫颈组织明显下降（P<0.01）。宫颈癌组织、CIN及正常宫颈组织中HPV16感染阳性率分别为92.3%、77.8%和54.5%; HPV18感染阳性率分别为80.8%、51.8%和68.2%;APOBEC3A蛋白表达与HPV18感染阳性率呈负相关(P<0.05)。增加HeLa细胞中APOBEC3A的表达明显降低了HPV18 E6 mRNA以及蛋白的表达。结论：在宫颈癌组织中APOBEC3A高表达可以对抗HPV18感染,并抑制HPV18 E6的转录和表达。     

Current concepts in the relationship of human papillomavirus infection to the pathogenesis and classification of precancerous squamous lesions of the uterine cervix

Pathologic and epidemiologic studies performed over the past three decades have provided evidence that the development of squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix is a multistep process involving a precursor preinvasive stage. The results of recent molecular analyses now suggest that the human papillomavirus (HPV) plays a role in this process and is an important but insufficient factor in the development of invasive carcinoma. Infection by a variety of HPV types may result in active viral intranuclear replication without integration into the cellular genome. This episomal form of infection is manifested morphologically by the development of mild dysplasia, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 1 with koilocytosis and acanthosis. Approximately 20 different HPV types have been associated with CIN 1 lesions, whereas high-grade dysplasia and carcinoma in situ (CIN 2 and 3) are associated with only a few viral types (mainly HPVs 16, 31, 33, and 35). Low-grade lesions are differentiated and have a low risk of progression to cancer, whereas high-grade lesions are characterized by nearly complete or complete loss of squamous maturation and a higher risk of progression to invasive cancer. Based on the biologic dichotomy of an infectious and a neoplastic process and the segregation of HPV types into two groups, a modification of the CIN classification into low-grade and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions in accordance with the Bethesda System is proposed. Although HPV plays a significant role in the development of cervical neoplasia, the value of identifying HPV DNA by such molecular techniques as Southern blot analysis, in situ hybridization, and the polymerase chain reaction in the early detection of preinvasive lesions has not been determined and their routine use is not at present recommended.     

Prevalence of alpha-papillomavirus genotypes in cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions and invasive cervical carcinoma in the Italian population

The aim of the present investigation was to define the spectrum of mucosotropic human papillomaviruses among 414 Italian women with normal cervices (n = 183), low- and high-grade cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions (n = 101 and 65, respectively), and invasive squamous cervical carcinomas (n = 65). Human papillomaviruses were detected by broad spectrum consensus-primer-pairs MY09/MY11 and GP5+/GP6+-based polymerase chain reaction using three amplification methods and were characterized by nucleotide sequence analysis. The prevalence rates of HPV infections was 19.7%, 63.4%, 80%, and 81.5% in patients with normal cervices, low-grade, and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, and cervical carcinomas, respectively. Among the 205 HPV-positive patients, a total of 31 mucosal HPV genotypes were identified of which 16 types, epidemiological classified as high-risk viruses (HPV16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 53, 56, 58, 66, 68, 73, and 82), have been found in 16.9%, 50.1%, 69.2%, and 78.5% of normal cervix, low-, and high-grade cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions, and cervical carcinoma groups, respectively. As expected, the HPV16 was the most represented viral type in all groups examined with frequency rates ranging from 8.7% in normal subjects to 58.5% in invasive carcinoma patients. Ten epidemiologically defined low-risk HPV types (HPV6, 11, 42, 54, 61, 70, 71, 72, 81, 83) were detected in 2.7%, 7.9%, and 6.1% of normal cervix, low-, and high-grade cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions, respectively, and in none of invasive carcinomas. Furthermore, five unknown risk viruses were detected in 3% of low-grade cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions (HPV30, 32, 67), in 3.1% of high-grade cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions (HPV62, 90), and in 1.5% of cervical carcinomas (HPV62). Larger epidemiological screening studies, with PCR amplification and followed by either hybridization-based procedures against sequence targets of all known HPV types or sequence analysis studies, are needed in order to assess the epidemiological risk of less represented HPV types, to identify unknown viruses, and to monitor the future eventual spread of unusual viral types related to vaccination programs and/or population mobility.     

新疆维吾尔族妇女宫颈上皮内瘤变及宫颈癌中树突状细胞的检测及意义

目的探讨树突状细胞在新疆维吾尔族妇女宫颈上皮内瘤变(cervical intraepithelial neoplasia,CIN)及宫颈癌中的检测及意义。方法 将HLA-DR、CD1a、S-100蛋白作为DC特异性标记物,采用免疫组织化学方法对20例慢性宫颈炎、70例CIN(CINⅠ25例、CINⅡ25例、CINⅢ20例)以及40例浸润性宫颈鳞癌组织标本中DC的分布和表达进行检测。结果 S-100、CD1a和HLA-DR阳性表达率依次为浸润性宫颈鳞癌(65.00%,55.00%,62.50%)>CIN(50.00%,44.29%,40.00%)>慢性宫颈炎(30.00%,20.00%,25.00%),差异具有统计学意义(P=0.035,P=0.037,P=0.012),S-100、CD1a和HLA-DR分布于癌组织及癌巢附近的间质中。在宫颈各组织中,CD1a与S-100蛋白表达呈正相关(r=0.330,P=0.000);CD1a与HLA-DR表达也呈正相关(r=0.267,P=0.002);而S-100蛋白与HLA-DR表达没有相关性(r=0.065,P=0.461)。结论人宫颈上皮内瘤变至浸润癌变过程中树突状细胞特异性标记物S-100、HLA-DR、CD1a表达强度发生变化,提示宫颈病变局部的免疫功能发生了改变。     

Immunohistochemical expression of p16(INK4a) is predictive of HR-HPV infection in cervical low-grade lesions.

The p16(INK4a) is a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor that decelerates the cell cycle by inactivating the cyclin-dependent kinases involved in the phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma protein (RB). Expression of E6 and E7 oncogenes of high-risk (HR) human papillomavirus (HPV), affecting the RB-p16 pathway, leads to p16 upregulation. Although it is widely reported that p16 is overexpressed in a high percentage of preneoplastic lesions and in almost all carcinomas of the uterine cervix, protein upregulation and its correlation with HPV infection in low-grade lesions is still being debated. In this study, we investigated in parallel, p16 expression and HPV infection in 100 cervical biopsies (17 normal tissues, 54 CIN1, 10 CIN2, 11 CIN3, eight invasive squamous cancers). Results obtained demonstrated that none of the 17 normal cervical tissues, evaluated by immunohistochemistry, presented p16 positivity whereas, starting from CIN1 (31%) to CIN2 (90%), CIN3 (100%) and carcinomas (100%), a constant and significant increase of protein overexpression (P<0.0001) was observed. In addition, p16 overexpression consistently showed elevated sensitivity (84%) and specificity (98%) in detecting HR-HPV infection with a high positive predictive value (97%) and negative predictive value (86%). Of interest, 93% of the p16-positive CIN1 were also HR-HPV infected. Our findings confirmed that p16 overexpression is associated to high-grade precancerous lesions and cervical carcinomas, and further demonstrated that immunohistochemical evaluation of p16 may be a useful biomarker in identifying HR-HPV-infected low-grade lesions.     

CTSS在宫颈癌中的表达及临床意义

目的探讨组织蛋白酶S(CTSS)在宫颈癌组织中的表达与宫颈癌发生发展的关系。方法收集39例宫颈鳞癌组织、71例宫颈上皮内瘤样变组织(CIN)及35例正常宫颈上皮组织,经常规方法提取RNA及蛋白,RT-PCR方法检测CTSS mRNA表达水平,Western Blot检测CTSS蛋白表达水平。结果 CTSS蛋白和mRNA在正常宫颈上皮组织、宫颈上皮内瘤样变组织和宫颈鳞癌组织中的表达依次增高,三者之间相比,差异有统计学意义(0.05)。CTSS蛋白和mRNA在低分化鳞癌组织中的表达明显高于高分化鳞癌组织(0 05),与宫颈癌的组织学分级呈正相关。结论 CTSS在宫颈癌发生、发展过程中起重要作用,有可能成为预测HCC侵袭转移的新指标。