一种岩藻糖基化硫酸软骨素三糖的合成

目的 通过化学合成的方法制备结构确证的FCS寡糖以研究其作用机制及构效关系。方法 基于天然海参中FCS结构,从单糖砌块开始,通过线性合成策略进行FCS三糖化合物的合成。结果 从功能化的单糖砌块开始,以12步反应23%的总收率制备了岩藻糖3,4位硫酸化的FCS三糖重复单元β-D-GalNAc（4,6-diS）（1-4）［α-L-Fuc（3,4-diS）（1-3）］-β-D-GlcA-OMP。结论 在合成中,建立了选择性O-硫酸化以及立体选择性糖基化的保护基策略,同时以高产率实现了各砌块间的偶联,为FCS类寡糖的合成研究提供了参考。化合物结构经1H NMR,13C NMR和HR-MS（ESI）表征。     

半乳凝素-3潜在抑制剂—1-O-烯丙基-4-O-{3-脱氧-3-[4-苄胺羰基-1H-（1，2，3）三氮唑-1-基]-β-D-吡喃半乳糖基}-2-脱氧-2-乙酰氨基-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖的合成

以乳糖为原料设计合成了半乳凝素-3的潜在抑制剂—1-O-烯丙基-4-O-{3-脱氧-3-[4-苄胺羰基-1H-（1,2,3）三氮唑-1-基]-β-D-吡喃半乳糖基}-2-脱氧-2-乙酰氨基-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖。乳糖2-位的改造采用了叠氮-碘糖基化法,在乙酰氨基引入的同时立体选择性地构建了β-氨基乳糖苷;通过两次构型翻转在3′-位引入叠氮基,然后采用Click反应构建出三氮唑羧基,再与苄胺反应便得到目标物。对乳糖的上述改造旨在提高其对半乳凝素-3的亲和活性。     

氨基胍、葛根素、小檗碱、黄芩苷和甘草酸对D-半乳糖诱导大鼠醛糖还原酶活性和蛋白非酶糖化作用的比较

目的观察氨基胍、葛根素、小檗碱、黄芩苷和甘草酸对D-半乳糖(D-gal)诱导大鼠体内醛糖还原酶(AR)活性、糖耐量和蛋白非酶糖基化反应的作用。方法除空白对照组外,其余大鼠均采用腹腔注射(ip)D-gal 150mg? kg-1,qd×56d致病,D-gal处理大鼠2周后,将大鼠按体重均衡随机分成:模型对照、氨基胍、葛根素、小檗碱、黄芩苷和甘草酸5组,然后继续ip D-gal处理同时灌胃给予不同药物(300mg?kg-1?10ml-1)或蒸馏水,qd×42d;实验结束时,观察5药对D-半乳糖诱导大鼠体内醛糖还原酶(AR)活性、糖耐量和蛋白非酶糖基化反应的作用。结果与空白对照组比较,D-gal处理大鼠出现糖耐量减退(IGT)、糖基化产物(包括糖化血红蛋白即HbA1c、果糖胺和晚期糖基化终产物)增高以及红细胞内AR活性增强(P<0．01);氨基胍、葛根素、小檗碱、黄芩苷与甘草酸均能明显抑制AR活性(P<0．01-0．05);氨基胍、葛根素、小檗碱和黄芩苷均能改善D-gal诱导大鼠IGT(P<0．01-<0．05);氨基胍、葛根素和小檗碱能降低糖基化产物的含量(P<0．01-0．05),而黄芩苷仅降低HbA1c含量(P<0．05);甘草酸对糖基化产物含量未见明显影响(P>0．05)。结论氨基胍、葛根素、小檗碱、黄芩苷和甘草酸均能抑制D- gal诱导大鼠体内醛糖还原酶活性,氨基胍、葛根素与小檗碱对D-gal诱致的大鼠糖基化反应具有明显的抑制作用,而黄芩苷对大鼠糖基化反应具有部分抑制作用,甘草酸对大鼠糖基化反应未见抑制作用。     

一种新型醛糖还原酶抑制剂的合成

以5-氨基-1-萘磺酸为原料,用苯甲酰氯酰化,得到5-苯甲酰胺基-1-萘磺酸,再经氯化后,与甘氨酸酰化,合成了一种新型的醛糖还原酶抑制剂——5-苯甲酰胺基-1-萘磺酰甘氨酸。     

2-氨基-1,3-丙二醇的合成

目的制备2-氨基-1,3-丙二醇。方法以丙二酸二乙酯为原料,经亚硝基化、金属钠乙醇还原得到2-氨基-1,3-丙二醇(1)。结果与结论经1H NMR分析确证目标产物结构,总收率53.5%。该路线原料廉价易得,成本较低,反应条件温和,适用于工业生产。     

β-乳香酸-3-O-β-D-半乳糖苷的合成

目的从我国传统中药资源中寻求和开发更好的抗肿瘤药物。方法通过糖化学手段和有机合成方法修饰和改性中药化学成分的结构。结果合成出β-乳香酸-3-O-13-D-半乳糖苷。结论^1H-NMR和^13C-NMR结构表征。     

a-(1→2)-甘露糖三糖的合成

目的 利用化学方法高效合成PI-88糖基片段a -(1→2)-甘露糖三糖。方法 以4,6位苯亚甲基保护的D-甘露糖硫苷3为原料合成N-对甲苯磺酰亚胺酯供体6,以TMSOTf作为促进剂,供体6与受体3进行糖苷化反应,得到a -(1→2) 甘露糖二糖7,然后将二糖脱除苯甲酰基,再次与供体7进行糖苷化反应,合成出PI-88糖基片段a -(1→2) 甘露糖三糖2。 结果 以85%和79%的糖苷化反应产率,得到PI-88类似物a -(1→2) 甘露糖三糖2,为PI-88构效关系的研究提供物质基础和保障。     

3,4-二甲基-2-碘代苯甲酸的合成

目的研究合成肿瘤血管破坏剂Vadimeza的关键中间体3,4-二甲基-2-碘代苯甲酸的合成方法。方法以乙醛酸(2)为起始原料,首先与乙酸酐反应生成2,2-二乙酰氧基乙酸(3),然后与氯化亚砜反应得到相应的酰氯后,与2,3-二甲基苯胺(5)进行酰化反应得到N-(2,2-二乙酰氧基)乙酰基-2,3-二甲基苯胺(6),再与盐酸羟胺反应得到N-(2-羟亚氨基)乙酰基-2,3-二甲基苯胺(7);最后经甲磺酸脱水环合、双氧水氧化开环和Sandmeyer反应得到目标产物3,4-二甲基-2-碘代苯甲酸(1)。结果合成了3,4-二甲基-2-碘代苯甲酸,7步反应总收率达到45.0%,目标产物结构经ESI-MS、1H-NMR确证。结论本合成方法原料易得,反应条件温和,适合大规模制备。     

巯基化阿霉素的两种合成方法的比较

目的：探索合成供金纳米粒载药系统研究用模型药物巯基化阿霉素的可行方法。方法分别采用2-亚氨基硫烷盐酸盐（2-IT）法和琥珀酰亚胺-S-乙酰基硫代乙酸酯（SATA）法合成巯基阿霉素,通过高效液相色谱（HPLC）、飞行时间质谱（MS-ESI）及核磁共振氢谱（1 H NMR）验证巯基阿霉素的合成,并考察反应物摩尔比、反应时间等因素对合成巯基阿霉素的影响。结果1 H NMR确证DOX-SATA出现了与硫酯基团相连的质子信号,表明新合成的化合物中含有硫酯基团。 HPLC及MS-ESI结果显示,两种方法均能合成巯基阿霉素,2-IT法生成的巯基阿霉素,随着反应时间延长易发生环化,形成环化巯基阿霉素。 SATA试剂法合成巯基阿霉素过程中不易发生副反应,合成的巯基阿霉素较为稳定。结论通过两种方法的比较,SA-TA法合成巯基阿霉素的方法较为可行。     

A novel synthesis of heterocyclic compounds containing coumarin moiety of potential antimicrobial activity

The chemical behaviours of 4-methyl-2-oxo-2H-benzopyran-7-yl oxoacetyl hydrazine (2) towards some different reagents such as anhydride compounds, aromatic aldehydes, carbon disulphide, and nitrous acid yielded the corresponding pathalazine derivatives (3, 4, 5), hydrazone derivative (6), 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivative (7, 8, 9) and acid azide (10) respectively. Treatment of10 with absolute alcohols, amines and ethyl amino acid ester gave the corresponding carbamate derivative (11), substituted urea derivative (12) and ethyl substituted alkyl acetate (13) respectively. The biological activity of some synthesized compounds was evaluated.     

新型CD4抑制剂J2的合成及其活性评价

以1-氯-2,4-二硝基苯为原料,经与甲胺反应,再氢化还原,在DCC存在条件下与3-吲哚丙烯酸缩合得到目标化合物,总收率39.4%;通过混合淋巴细胞试验、细胞黏附试验和小鼠肾移植试验评价其免疫抑制活性,结果显示J2能够阻断MHC-II与CD4分子的结合,是一个具有较强活性的免疫抑制剂。     

Design and synthesis of 2-aminobenzimidazoles as potential BACE1 inhibitors

Fragment-based drug discovery (FBDD) has been widely applied in the research of aspartyl protease inhibitors. In the present study, we reported our work on 2-aminobenzimidazole as the original fragment, which was predicted to bind with the catalytic aspartyl dyad (Asp228 and Asp32) of β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1). A series of novel 2-aminobenzimidazole derivatives were designed and synthesized. The results from FRET assay revealed that three out of the 12 designed 2-aminobenzimidazoles could inhibit more than 50% of the enzymatic potency of BACE1 at 10 μM. Docking study showed that 2-aminobenzimidazole could form multiple hydrogen bonds and occupy S1/S2’ pockets well.     

盐酸阿替卡因的简便合成方法

目的合成盐酸阿替卡因,寻找操作方便、反应路线短且成本低的工艺路线.方法以巯基乙酸甲酯和2-甲基丙烯腈为起始原料,经环合、氧化、重排、酰化、氨化共5步反应合成盐酸阿替卡因,其中环合、氧化、重排3步反应采用一勺烩的工艺.结果成功地合成了盐酸阿替卡因,总收率为17%.结论改进后的合成路线与文献报道的合成路线相比,反应步骤简化.     

Diethylstilbestrol glutamate as a potential substrate for ADEPT

The combination of systemic toxicity, water insolubility and a labile chemical structure has limited the clinical use of diethylstilbestrol (DES) 1 for the treatment of prostate cancer. To determine if DES could potentially be a prodrug substrate for the pre-targeting strategy known as antibody directed enzyme prodrug therapy (ADEPT), the DES-glutamate 5 was prepared. The synthesis required the activation of the bis-t-butyl glutamate ester 2 to the isocyanate 3 followed by addition of DES 1. The desired DES-glutamate 5 was water-soluble and upon incubation with carboxypeptidase G2 (CPG2) underwent carbamate cleavage to give DES 1. A control reaction in the absence of CPG2 demonstrated that the enzyme was necessary for rapid glutamate cleavage to give DES 1. HPLC analysis was required to follow the reaction of DES-glutamate 5 with CPG2. These preliminary results suggest that it may be possible to examine an ADEPT strategy for DES provided enzymatic kinetics can be measured.     

Aminomethyl-1,2,4-benzothiadiazines as potential analogues of gamma-aminobutyric acid. Unexpected discovery of a taurine antagonist

A series of 6- and 8-(aminomethyl)-4H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxides has been synthesized and tested for interaction with various GABA systems. None of the compounds showed significant GABA-mimetic properties, but unexpectedly, compound 7 [6-(aminomethyl)-3-methyl-4H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide] possessed the properties of a selective antagonist of taurine, as measured by the antagonism of taurine-induced inhibition of rat cerebellar Purkinje firing.     

Design, synthesis and screening of quinoline-incorporated thiadiazole as a potential anticonvulsant

A series of quinoline-incorporated substituted thiadiazole were designed and synthesized using appropriate synthetic route keeping in view the structural requirement of pharmacophore and evaluated for anticonvulsant and CNS activities. After intraperitoneal injection to mice, some synthesized derivatives were examined in the maximal electroshock seizure (MES) and subcutaneous pentylenetetrazol (scPTZ)-induced seizure and neurotoxicity screens. Those found potent were also evaluated for behavioural impairment and depression activity. Among the compounds tested, 6d and 6e showed protection from seizures in both the animal models at dose level of 30 mg/kg while 7f showed protection against both models at 100 mg/kg dose level. These compounds exhibited lesser CNS depression and neurotoxicity compared with clinically effective drug.     

Facile synthesis of tilmicosin and tylosin related haptens for use as protein conjugates

Synthesis is described for the haptens 23-demycinosyl-23-deoxy-23-(3-aminoprop-1-yl)-aminotilmicosin (6) from 5-O-mycaminosyltylonolide (OMT) and for 23-demycinosyl-23-deoxy-23-(3-aminoprop-1-yl)-amino-20-dihydrotylosin (10) from demycinosyltylosin (DMT), respectively. The mild reaction conditions used to synthesize the second hapten, DMT derivative 10, were necessary to overcome instabilities and acid lability of DMT. The haptens synthesized here may be further used to produce protein conjugates useful in developing antibodies against the antibiotics tilmicosin and tylosin.     

Design,synthesis and bioevaluation of isoflavone derivative as a novel CLR/RAMP1 antagonist

CGRP receptor (CLR) is a B class GPCR that functions only when combined with RAMPs. CLR/RAMP1 has been regarded as a promising target for migraine treatment, as its antagonists have been proved to be effective recently. In the present study we designed and synthesized small molecular antagonists against CLR/RAMP1, resulting in a novel type of structure with acceptable high potency. The molecules were designed via virtual screening. Afterwards, a series of modification were conducted on the hit compounds, resulting in compound 8 as the best scored compound in docking, which was further validated in vitro by cell-based functional assay.