赤藓糖醇市场前景广阔

据专家分析,我国淀粉资源十分丰富,采用发酵法生产赤藓糖醇,在目前国内甜味剂市场上将具有较强的竞争力,值得有条件的厂家开发生产。可以预计,在今后几年,国内赤藓糖醇的生产和应用将得到进一步的发展。 赤藓糖醇是一种营养型的合成甜味剂,对热稳定性好、吸湿性小、冰点较低,在食品加工业中用于需蔗糖口感的食品。可广泛用于添加在巧克力、焙烤制品、餐桌糖、软饮料、糖     

2＇-脱氧-D-核糖的制备

2＇-脱氧-D-核糖是合成核苷类抗肿瘤、抗病毒药物的重要中间体，其制备可用赤藓糖为原料，但赤藓糖不易得，而且反应中的亲核试剂是汞化合物，污染较大；以阿戊糖为原料口，印的反应步骤较繁琐，不易放大生产。以D-葡萄糖为原料时常用丙酮为保护剂，但收率不很理想，其保护收率为66％，而且脱保护后在碱性条件下脱氧的收率也仅40％左右。     

不同浓度的赤藓糖醇对变异链球菌生物膜结构的影响

目的 探讨不同浓度的赤藓糖醇对变异链球菌生物膜结构的影响。方法 采用激光共聚焦显微镜结合死菌与活菌荧光染色技术，对比不同浓度的赤藓糖醇对变异链球菌生物膜结构的影响。结果 随着赤藓糖醇浓度的增加，变异链球菌生物膜各层活菌百分比减少，厚度变薄，细菌密度降低，且差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 赤藓糖醇对变异链球菌有抑制作用，作用随浓度增加而增强。     

湖北拟酵母发酵制备甘露糖赤藓糖醇脂的研究

甘露糖赤藓糖醇脂(MELs)是一种糖脂类生物表面活性剂。以湖北拟酵母(Pseudozyma Hubeiensis)为发酵菌株,探究不同碳源、有机氮源及二者的添加量对微生物合成甘露糖赤藓糖醇脂的影响,结果表明橄榄油和酵母提取物分别是最佳的碳源和有机氮源。此外以硝酸钠和酵母提取物进行氮源复配,进一步探究复合氮源对湖北拟酵母发酵合成甘露糖赤藓糖醇脂的影响。结果表明最优培养基组成为：橄榄油120 g/L、酵母提取物3.0 g/L、Na NO₃ 1.0 g/L、Mg SO₄·7H₂O 0.30 g/L、KH₂PO₄ 0.30 g/L,发酵培养168 h后,甘露糖赤藓糖醇脂产量达到55.0 g/L。     

抗菌植物甾体及其生物合成的研究进展

植物甾体化合物是一类具有抗菌生物活性的天然产物,其生物合成主要通过甲羟戊酸途径与5-磷酸脱氧木酮糖/2C-甲基-4-磷酸-4D-赤藓糖醇的途径,对其合成途径的研究是调控甾体类抗菌药物生产的关键。综述了植物甾体化合物的抗菌活性和生物合成途径的研究近况。     

树舌灵芝液体深层发酵菌丝体化学成分研究

目的对工业化生产的树舌灵芝液体深层发酵菌丝体化学成分进行系统化研究。方法采用有机溶剂浸提法提取菌丝体的化学成分,经硅胶柱色谱和大孔树脂吸附色谱对提取物进行分离纯化,通过薄层制备、结晶、重结晶等方法获得4个单体化合物,并鉴定结构。结果从树舌灵芝液体深层发酵菌丝体中分离并鉴定得到4个单体化合物(其中2个化合物为同一种物质),即麦角甾醇、甘露醇和赤藓糖醇。结论从树舌灵芝液体深层发酵菌丝体中分离到3种化合物:麦角甾醇、甘露醇和赤藓糖醇,其中赤藓糖醇为首次在树舌灵芝的化学成分研究中报道。     

天麦消渴片治疗2型糖尿病合并非酒精性脂肪肝患者的疗效观察

<正>非酒精性脂肪性肝(NAFL)和高脂血症在2型糖尿病患者中的发生率均显著高于普通人群[1],目前众多研究表明胰岛素抵抗是其共同影响因素之一[1,2],天麦消渴片是由养阴生津中药和吡考啉酸铬组成的复合制剂,具有调节糖     

结核分枝杆菌4-二磷酸胞苷-2-C-甲基-D-赤藓糖醇合成酶的分离纯化与酶学特性

克隆并表达了结核分枝杆菌H37Rv的4-二磷酸胞苷-2-C-甲基-D赤藓糖醇(CDP-ME)合成酶基因,并纯化该蛋白.经HPLC和聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分析表明该蛋白为同二聚体,Mg2+为最适二价金属离子.对辅因子的底物特异性高,最适底物为胞苷三磷酸(CTP).CTP和2-C-甲基-D-赤藓糖醇-4-磷酸(MEP)的Km值分别为92和43μmol/L,Vmax为7.8μmol·(min·mg)-1.     

结核分枝杆菌4-二磷酸胞苷-2-D甲基-D-赤藓糖醇合成酶的分离纯化与酶学特性

克隆并表达了结核分枝杆菌H37Rv的4-二磷酸胞苷-2-C-甲基-D赤藓糖醇（CDP-ME）合成酶基因，并纯化该蛋白。经HPLC和聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分析表明该蛋白为同二聚体，Mg^2＋为最适二价金属离子。对辅因子的底物特异性高，最适底物为胞苷三磷酸（CTP）。CTP和12-C．甲基-D-赤藓糖醇-4-磷酸（MEP）的Km值分别为92和143μmol／L，Vmax为7．8gmol（min&#183;mg）^-1     

《中医儿科经典选释》(续前)

<正>原文然吐有三因,治非一类,须分寒热,及辨积伤。探形体之温凉,观唇额之赤白,小便闭利之是察,大便青黄之须知。乳积如泔[l],食伤酸臭。[词解][1]泔:说文云:"泔,米汁也。"就是米汤。     

The Development of an Assertiveness Program on an Alcoholism Unit

This article describes the integration of an assertion training component into an overall treatment program for alcoholism on an inpatient unit. The usefulness of assertion training is delineated, particularly with regard to relapse prevention. Specific techniques that work well with an alcoholic population are described. Suggestions for the staffing of an assertion training group are made.     

加强高校公共卫生安全保障的思考

良好的公共卫生安全是髙校安全稳定和校园和谐建设的需要,是维护高校正常教学秩序和科研活动的保障,也是高校管理工作的重要内容。本文对公共卫生、公共卫生安全和高校公共卫生安全的概念进行了诠释,分析了高校在公共卫生安全方面存在的问题,就如何发挥高校功能社区优势,建立高校突发公共卫生事件群防群控的工作格局,加强公共卫生安全保障进行了思考。     

Design and inhibitory properties of synthetic Bowman-Birk loops

A cyclic tridecapeptide based on the sequence of an anti-tryptic loop of a Bowman-Birk inhibitor was synthesized, and demonstrated to be active as an inhibitor of trypsin. Molecular modeling of this sequence suggested an improved sequence which demonstrated an order of magnitude improvement in the inhibitory constant.     

Predicting an Alcohol Use Disorder in Urban American Indian Youths

This study examines predictors of alcohol use disorders (AUDs) among an urban American Indian cohort who were followed from approximately age 11 to age 20. Approximately 27% of the sample had a lifetime diagnosis of alcohol abuse or dependence. The results indicated that externalizing, but not internalizing, behaviors, family conflict, and school liking served as significant predictors of an AUD. Neither having an alcoholic mother nor an alcoholic father was found to be significantly predictive of an alcohol use disorder at ages 19 and 20. Finally, early alcohol initiation was a substantial predictor of an AUD and acted as a partial mediator.     

Uncoupling of the calcium pump of the sarcoplasmic reticulum by kerosene

The effect of kerosene on the calcium pump of sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles was investigated. Kerosene induces an increase in the rates of ATP hydrolysis without a change in calcium influx, so there is an overall decrease in the efficiency of the pump. These effects are dose-dependent. Our findings imply that kerosene induces an effect on the membrane of vesicles, reducing or inhibiting net calcium accumulation. It is concluded that kerosene induces an 'uncoupling' of the calcium pump through an alteration in the permeability of the membrane.     

论病案首页在医院管理中的重要地位

病案管理在医院管理中有重要地位,病案首页是病案的重要组成部分,病案首页是医疗质量的评估反馈,是医疗统计的原始数据,是医疗考核的重要指标,是医疗事故鉴定的重要依据,并因此对医院管理者制定决策起到了重要的参考价值。     

Socially mediated alcohol preferences in adolescent rats following interactions with an intoxicated peer

This study focuses on "passive social influences" (alcohol-related information acquired by an organism that interacts with an intoxicated counterpart) that can potentially affect alcohol preference in adolescent rats. Five experiments were conducted to investigate whether repeated social interactions with an intoxicated peer can generate alcohol-related memories that lead an animal to exhibit heightened alcohol olfactory preference patterns. Juvenile experiences with alcohol were operationalized as follows: interactions with an alcohol-intoxicated peer (Experiment 1), with an alcohol-scented cotton surrogate (Experiment 2) or with an anesthetized alcohol-intoxicated partner (Experiments 3-5). Periadolescents were then evaluated in a two-way location olfactory test where they had the opportunity to investigate a hole scented with alcohol odor or vanilla (an odorant naturally preferred by the strain of rats here utilized). Only juveniles that interacted with an alcohol-intoxicated peer were found to exhibit a significant change in alcohol odor preferences when compared to appropriate controls that interacted with a non-intoxicated peer. Alcohol odor exposure alone or interactions with an anesthetized alcohol-intoxicated peer were not sufficient to establish changes in preference for alcohol sensory cues. Results indicate that social interactions with an intoxicated peer determine heightened preference for alcohol cues in periadolescents. The establishment of this preference seems to require behavioral manifestations of the intoxicated counterpart, instead of just being dependent on an olfactory pre-exposure to alcohol cues.     

胃肠安联合替加氟对结肠癌HT29细胞体内外抑制作用的研究

目的研究胃肠安联合替加氟对结肠癌HT29细胞的体内外抑制作用。方法采用MTT法测定胃肠安联合替加氟对结肠癌HT29细胞的抑制作用,并采用流式细胞仪检测结肠癌HT29细胞中CD133+的表达情况。建立结肠癌HT29细胞裸鼠模型,对照组尾静脉注射生理盐水,0.2 mL/次,2次/周。替加氟组尾iv替加氟注射液,36 mg/kg,1次/周;胃肠安丸组,用纯净水将按胃肠安丸配成4 mg/kg,ig 0.2 mL/d;胃肠安+替加氟组尾iv替加氟注射液,36 mg/kg,1次/周;同时,用纯净水将按胃肠安丸配成4 mg/kg,ig 0.2 mL/d。观察胃肠安联合替加氟对荷瘤裸鼠生存状况和结肠癌HT-29细胞的影响。结果与对照组比较,替加氟组、胃肠安组、胃肠安+替加氟组抑制结肠癌HT-29细胞的增殖能力明升高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);胃肠安+替加氟组明显高于单独使用替加氟组、胃肠安组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。与对照组比较,替加氟组、胃肠安组、胃肠安+替加氟组的CD133+细胞比例明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);胃肠安+替加氟组明显低于单独使用替加氟组、胃肠安组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,胃肠安组、替加氟组、胃肠安+替加氟组的实体瘤质量明显低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);胃肠安+替加氟组的实体瘤质量明显低于胃肠安组和替加氟组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论胃肠安联合替加氟对结肠癌HT29细胞及其干细胞的增殖有抑制作用。     

甲泼尼龙和维库溴铵联用相关急性类固醇肌病

1例65岁男性因肺炎合并呼吸衰竭,给予高流量吸氧,亚胺培南-西司他丁钠0.5 g、1次/8 h静脉滴注,万古霉素0.5 g、1次/8 h静脉滴注,莫西沙星0.4 g、1次/d静脉滴注,甲泼尼龙160 mg/d静脉滴注。治疗3 d病情控制不佳,行气管插管和呼吸机机械通气,因患者出现躁动应用维库溴铵4 mg静脉推注,4～6 h重复给药(16～20mg/d),同时甲泼尼龙减量至80 mg/d静脉滴注。治疗5 d患者出现睁眼困难,肌力下降,四肢腱反射减弱,肌酸激酶(CK)650 U/L,考虑为急性类固醇肌病。停用维库溴铵,改为丙泊酚,甲泼尼龙减量至40 mg/d静脉滴注。2 d后症状缓解,睁眼困难消失,四肢肌力逐渐恢复。5 d后患者CK 119 U/L,肌无力症状完全消失。     

脂肪酸修饰活性蛋白质的工艺研究

目的以牛血清白蛋白为例建立用脂肪酸修饰活性蛋白质的工艺。方法通过脂肪酸的酰氯在酸催化下50℃与N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺反应制备活化酯,再与蛋白质发生偶联形成产物,利用红外谱图对反应产物进行鉴定。结果月桂酸、棕榈酸等脂肪酸与氯化亚砜回馏3 h很容易得到相应的脂肪酰氯,酰氯在酸催化下50℃与N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺反应3 h可以将N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺转变成活性酯,产率为90%,脂肪酸的活性酯在pH=8的缓冲液可以偶联到活性蛋白质上,活化酯转化率为87.9%。结论建立了脂肪酸修饰活性蛋白质的工艺。