男男性行为人群(MSM)早期经历对成年后性行为及艾滋病预防控制的影响

目的:了解男男性行为者早期生活经历、性经历对成年后性行为以及艾滋病预防控制的影响。方法:通过网络调查收集男男性行为者人口学特征、早期经历、性经历、艾滋病预防知识以及艾滋病高危行为等。应用SPSS18.0软件对调查数据进行统计,使用方差分析、Pearson相关分析等方法进行统计分析。结果:共收集838份有效问卷。调查对象平均年龄为28.73±7.51岁。以未婚为主,占64.6%;大专以上文化程度占68.6%;艾滋病预防知识知晓率为84.7%;最近6个月与同性性交时每次使用安全套的占46.30%;"童年生活抚养情况"、"童年家庭是否和睦"、"父亲男男性行为经历"、"16岁前强迫性交经历"等是MSM人群发生男男性行为经历的影响因素。结论:MSM人群存在着艾滋病预防知识和自我保护行为的严重分离,要积极探索行之有效的MSM人群行为干预模式。同时应积极为儿童创造良好的生活和学习环境,减少不良因素对儿童的影响,并通过学校健康教育课,使之形成健全的人格,从源头减少男男性行为现象的发生。     

MSM人群HIV感染状况及高危行为影响因素分析

目的了解自贡市男男性行为者(MSM)的HIV感染情况及影响因素,为制定MSM人群干预策略提供依据。方法采用问卷调查法对参与自愿咨询检测的366例MSM人员进行调查并采集静脉血液样本进行HIV抗体、梅毒抗体检测。结果自贡市MSM人群的HIV阳性检出率为24.32%,梅毒阳性检出率4.64%,年龄、文化程度、艾滋病知识知晓率、是否接受过艾滋病干预、首次性行为年龄、最近6个月男性性伴侣数、安全套的使用率、寻找性伴侣的场所是高危行为影响因素。结论自贡市MSM人群知识知晓情况较好,但高危行为较为普遍,安全套使用率较低,存在知行分离。MSM人群艾滋病防治形势严峻,需要根据男男性行为特征制定切实可行的干预措施,以遏制艾滋病的传播。     

2015年山西省男男性行为者艾滋病监测结果分析

<正>哨点监测男男性行为者(MSM)是艾滋病传播的重要高危人群[1]。近年来,我国新发现人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染者中MSM所占比例越来越高[2]。为了解山西省MSM艾滋病相关人口学特征、艾滋病知识知晓情况、行为特征、HIV感染状况,为制定干预措施提供依据。对2015年山西省MSM哨点监测资料进行分析,现将结果报告如下。1对象与方法1.1研究对象:山西省2015年内有过插入性口交或肛交同     

重庆地区男性同性恋人群艾滋病防治知识与行为调查分析

目的:研究重庆市男性同性恋(MSM)人群艾滋病知识、态度和行为的现状,为行为干预提供线索,为做好艾滋病防治工作提供依据。方法:由经过专业培训的调查员对MSM人群进行问卷调查,用SPSS10.0软件进行统计分析。结果:所调查的103名MSM人群,最近6个月同性性伴数中位数为2人,承认有肛交行为者占88.3%;安全套使用率低,每次均使用安全套者仅11.5%,尤以30岁以上者使用率最低,在商业同性性行为中每次均使用安全套者为0。对艾滋病知识回答平均正确率为81.9%;最喜欢的获得预防艾滋病知识的途径是电视和报刊杂志。Logistic回归分析显示,年龄是影响肛交安全套使用的重要因素。结论:重庆MSM人群低龄者多、预防艾滋病知识知晓率较高但不够全面,安全套使用率低,极易感染性病或艾滋病,应多采用MSM人群喜欢的方式进行宣传和干预,促使该人群的行为方式改变,减少高危行为,以降低感染艾滋病的危险。     

男男性接触者艾滋病感染状况调查分析

1981年,美国的男男同性恋者（men who have sex with men,MSM）中,人们首先发现了艾滋病的流行,从此艾滋病的防治与男男同性恋人群紧密联系在一起。男男同性恋者,由于其特殊的性行为方式、多性伴等原因[1],成为艾滋病的高危人群,其发病率仅次于静脉吸毒者。由于经济、文化等多方面因素的影响,不同地区的MSM,其高危行为的发生、艾滋病的感染状况也不相同。关于河北省MSM的情况,国内尚无报道。为了解河北省城市MSM人群基本情况以及艾滋病、性病感染状况,     

贵阳市男男同性恋人群HIV感染状况及有关艾滋病的KABP调查研究

目的掌握贵阳市男男同性恋(MSM)人群艾滋病病毒(HIV)等感染状况,以及有关艾滋病知识、态度、信念及行为(KABP)的情况,为采取相应的健康教育及行为干预提供科学的依据。方法通过自愿咨询与检测、利用MSM志愿者“滚雪球”等方式,调查检测贵阳市MSM人群HIV等感染率,并在抽取血样时进行KABP问卷调查,了解该人群有关预防艾滋病性病中存在问题。结果共对276名MSM进行检测,首次发现HIV感染者6例,HIV感染率为2．17％,HBV、HCV及梅毒感染率分别为12．32％、4．34％及0．72％。共对170名MSM人群进行KABP调查,其中年龄以20- 24岁组为最多,占39．41％,其次为15-19岁组,占21．18％。文化程度以高中／中专为多占40．59％, 其次为大学占25．88％;职业以学生为最多占32．94％;性取向男男同性恋占63．53％,双性恋占 25．29％,未确定占4．71％,拒答6．47％。该人群有关艾滋病性病知识回答正确率较低,只达 75．10％,在高危性行为时每次都用安全套率只为11．18％。结论贵阳市MSM人群HIV感染率较高,为2．17％,已居贵阳市高危人群HIV感染率首位,该人群年龄偏小,在学生中占一定人数,预防艾滋病性病知识缺乏,高危性行为普遍存在,安全套使用率低,极易造成艾滋病性病的传播与流行,应及时采取相应的防控措施。     

湖州市吴兴区2011—2020年HIV阳性男男性行为者流行特征分析

目的 了解2011—2020年湖州市吴兴区艾滋病病毒（HIV）阳性男男性行为者（MSM）的流行病学特征,为在该人群开展艾滋病防控工作提供科学依据。方法 HIV阳性MSM病例报告资料来源于中国疾病预防控制信息系统的子系统艾滋病综合防治信息系统,收集2011—2020年报告的现住址为湖州市吴兴区、有男男性行为史、感染途径为同性传播的HIV阳性者。对符合条件病例的三间分布、样本来源及性行为状况等特征进行描述性分析。结果 吴兴区2011—2020年新报告HIV阳性病例574例,其中MSM有239例（41.6%）。MSM病例主要集中分布在20～<30岁（45.2%）;文化程度以大专及以上最多（38.1%）;婚姻状况以未婚最多（62.8%）;职业以工人最多（28.0%）;有2个及以上的性伴占76.6%。样本来源前三位为自愿咨询检测（43.5%）、性病门诊（15.5%）、其他就诊者检测（13.0%）。结论 吴兴区MSM病例是HIV流行的重点人群,具有年轻、未婚、文化程度较高和性伴较多等特点,亟需对该人群采取针对性的防控措施,减少该人群HIV感染和传播的风险。     

新罗区2020—2022年不同性取向男男性行为人群艾滋病监测作用

目的 观察新罗区2020—2022年不同性取向男男性行为人群（MSM）艾滋病监测作用。方法 回顾性选取2020—2022年龙岩市新罗区疾病预防控制中心艾滋病防治科122例同性MSM人群作为同性性取向组、55例双性性取向MSM人群作为双性性取向组,比较两组人口学特征、行为学特征、感染情况。结果 两组间婚姻状况差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）,同性性取向组未婚比例更高,双性性取向组同居/已婚比例更高。两组间年龄、户籍、本区居住时间、学历差异均无统计学意义（P> 0.05）。两组间艾滋病知晓情况差异无统计学意义（P> 0.05）。两组间近半年异性性行为差异有统计学意义,双性性取向组近半年异性性行为更高（P <0.05）。两组间近半年同性肛交行为、近半年商业性同性行为、最近一次肛交行为使用安全套、最近一次异性性行为使用安全套、近1周肛交次数、近半年肛交用套频率、近半年异性性行为用套频率差异均无统计学意义（P> 0.05）。两组间既往检测与干预情况差异无统计学意义（P> 0.05）。新罗区2020—2022年不同性取向MSM人群丙肝、梅毒、HIV感染率分别为...     

MSM人群梅毒高危行为同伴群干预研究

目的：综合分析男男性行为（MSM）人群梅毒（Syphilis）高危行为同伴群干预研究。方法招募2011年12月至2014年12月有过肛交或者口交（MSM）人群资料131名,并且在MSM人群知晓的情况下参与调查实验,建立同伴群干预队列。采用SPSS15.0统计学软件进行统计学分析MSM人群的资料以及干预前、干预3.5个月后的MSM同伴群的梅毒高危行为。结果干预前对艾滋病知识的知晓率为36.88%,干预后对艾滋病知识的知晓率为85.98%,干预后131名MSM对艾滋病知识的知晓率显著提高,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;干预前梅毒感染率为12.1%,干预后梅毒感染率为9.14%,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;干预前最近1次与男性固定性伴侣发生肛交或者口交的安全套使用率为46.54%,干预后最近1次与男性固定性伴侣发生肛交或者口交的安全套使用率为82.67%,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论由核心人物发起与同伴趋动相结合的方法能够显著降低梅毒感染率,减少MSM人群无保护肛交或者口交行为。     

哈尔滨市道里区自愿咨询检测中的男男性接触者调查报告

目的了解男男性接触者(MSM)的艾滋病防治知识、态度、行为状况,探索MSM人群综合干预模式,提高干预效果。方法通过一对一访谈,填写调查问卷并采集血液样品检测艾滋病病毒(HIV)及梅毒。结果89名受访者艾滋病知识知晓率96.9%,性行为安全套使用率42.7%。接受艾滋病干预措施比率77.5%,HIV阳性率2.2%,梅毒阳性率15.7%。结论艾滋病性病已经在MSM人群蔓延,并有向普通人群扩散的危险。     

306例吸毒者吸毒行为及HIV/AIDS的KAB调查

目的 :了解吸毒者的吸毒行为及有关HIV AIDS的知识、态度和行为情况。方法 :采用自制问卷匿名填表方法于 1998年 6月对昆明市两戒毒机构的戒毒人员进行横断面调查。调查结果用SPSS10 .0版本进行统计分析。结果 :77.1%的吸毒者以静脉注射的方式吸毒 ,其中 ,6 8.3%的人共用过注射器 ,仅 6 .2 %人采用正确方法消毒注射器。吸毒者中 79.6 %的人有两个以上的性伴侣 ,经常或每次使用安全套的人仅占 16 .9%。大多数吸毒者能正确回答艾滋病的传播途径但缺乏预防艾滋病的知识。结论 :吸毒人群感染HIV AIDS的危险行为非常普遍 ,且知晓知识到行为改变仍有很大距离 ,建议开展减少伤害的干预项目。     

HIV risk and the overlap of injecting drug use and high-risk sexual behaviours among men who have sex with men in Zanzibar (Unguja), Tanzania

BackgroundMen who have sex with men and inject drugs (MSM-IDU) are particularly vulnerable to HIV infection and have the potential to transmit HIV across multiple populations through their male and female sexual partners and injection drug-using partners.MethodsRespondent-driven sampling was used to recruit men who reported engaging in anal sex with another man in the past 3 months, aged ≥15 years, and living in Unguja, Zanzibar. Participants responded to a face-to-face interview about their HIV and injecting risk behaviours and were tested for HIV, Hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) and syphilis.ResultsAmong the 509 MSM who enrolled in the survey, 14% (n = 66) reported injecting drugs in the past 3 months among which 66% used heroin, 60% used a needle after someone else had and 68% passed a needle to someone else after using it. MSM-IDU were significantly more likely to have two or more non-paying male receptive sex partners and to have engaged in group sex in the past month, to have symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in past 6 months, to have been arrested or beaten in the past 12 months and to be infected with HIV and co-infected with HIV and HCV compared to MSM who did not inject drugs. MSM-IDU were less likely to have used a condom at last sex with a non-paid female partner, to know where to get a confidential HIV test and to have ever been tested for HIV compared to MSM who did not inject drugs.ConclusionMSM-IDU, and MSM in general, in Unguja practice multiple high-risk behaviours that put them at risk for blood-borne and sexual transmission of HIV and HCV infection. Targeted interventions for MSM-IDU must account for the overlap of high-risk sexual and drug-using networks and integrate injection drug use and HIV services.     

2008～2010年某市吸毒人群艾滋病流行病学分析

目的 了解某市1 204例吸毒人群的艾滋病流行病学特点,为制订针对该吸毒人群的艾滋病防制措施提供科学依据.方法 以中国疾病预防控制中心艾滋病预防与控制中心统一编制的健康状况调查表为基础,结合当地实际情况设计调查问卷,于2008～2010年对某社区、戒毒所等随机抽取的1 204例吸毒人员进行面对面问卷调查.结果 发放调查问卷1 204份,回收1 204份,有效回收率100％.人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)感染率为1.7％.高危人群以男性、18～40岁、初中及以下文化程度、无业人员为主,危险因素主要有针具共用、无套性交、商业性交易等可能导致艾滋病传播流行的因素.该人群对艾滋病三大传播途径、预防知识知晓率高,均大于90％,但是接受过艾滋病相关预防服务的比例较低,仅为1.2％.结论 该市吸毒人群中的HIV感染率较低,但是危险行为因素仍然存在,知信行不一致,存在较高的感染HIV的机会.应该加大干预力度,控制艾滋病的蔓延.     

Sexual Behaviors Linked to Drug and Alcohol Use Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in China

Background: High-risk sexual behaviors drive the HIV epidemic among men who have sex with men (MSM). Alcohol consumption and use of club drugs may increase sexual risk behaviors. We evaluated effects of drug and alcohol use on sexual behaviors with both their male and female partners as well as on HIV and syphilis infections among MSM in China. Methods: As the part of a community randomized clinical trial that conducted among MSM in Beijing from 2013 to 2015, we recruited a total of 3,680 participants cross-sectionally. A self-administered questionnaire was employed to collect information regarding demographics, sexual behaviors, and a history of alcohol and drug use. Blood sample was collected for HIV and syphilis testing. Results: A total of 3,588 MSM completed the survey and were included in the data analysis. The mean age was 29.9 with 97.3% of Han-ethnicity and 85.0% unmarried. The HIV and syphilis prevalence was 12.7% and 7.4%, respectively. Drug use was significantly associated with higher odds of HIV infection (aOR = 1.3, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] = 1.0,1.6), but not associated with syphilis. A higher level of alcohol consumption was similarly associated with higher odds of HIV risks with both male (e.g., condomless sex acts) and female partners (e.g., numbers of sexual partners). Conclusion: The association between drug and alcohol use and high-risk behaviors is notable among MSM in China. Integrated HIV interventions that target substance use among MSM may be more effective than programs that only target HIV alone.     

云南省昭通市2009年艾滋病病毒感染者/艾滋病患者疫情监测分析

目的：了解昭通市艾滋病病毒感染者/艾滋病患者（HIV/AIDS）流行病学特征,分析其流行趋势,为本市所采取的艾滋病控制措施提供科学依据。方法：对昭通市2009年报告的241例HIV/AIDS病例资料归纳整理,进行流行病学分析。结果：2009年1～12月全市报告HIV感染者241例（外地报告96例）,其中,男145例,女96例,性别构成比为1.50∶1.00,以20～39岁年龄组为主。农民最多,占50%（120/241）。异性接触史占59%（142/241）,注射毒品占23%（56/241）,男男性接触4例,性接触＋注射毒品4例,母婴传播3例,其他感染途径14例,不详为18例。性接触成为本市HIV传播的主要方式。结论：昭通市属艾滋病中度流行区,艾滋病疫情呈快速增长发展的趋势,应加大监测检测力度,加强艾滋病高危行为的干预,特别是性传播行为和流动人群干预力度,积极推进对HIV感染者和艾滋病患者的随访干预,是昭通市预防和控制艾滋病传播的重要措施。     

HIV infection and risk behaviors in two cross-sectional surveys of heterosexuals in alcoholism treatment

OBJECTIVE: To measure the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and high-risk behaviors among heterosexuals in alcoholism treatment, comparing two cross-sectional surveys completed 2 to 3 years apart. METHOD: Two groups of entrants to alcoholism treatment clinics were recruited, between October 1990 and December 1991 (n = 860; 639 men) and between January 1993 and March 1994 (n = 752; 520 men). Participants underwent a structured interview including an assessment of demographics. substance abuse characteristics and sexual behaviors, as well as serotesting for HIV antibodies. Associations were examined between HIV serostatus and several factors, including demographic variables, substance use and high-risk sexual behaviors. RESULTS: The overall HIV seroprevalence in the first and second samples was 5% (95% CI: 3-6%) and 5% (95% CI: 3-7%). When the two samples were compared, there were no significant differences in prevalence of HIV infection by categories of gender, race, income and most other demographic characteristics within either sample: history of injection drug use (IDU) was significantly related to HIV serostatus in both samples. Unsafe sexual practices were common in both samples. When samples were combined, those 30 years of age or older were more likely to be HIV infected, and men and women with no reported history of IDU still had an HIV prevalence of 3% and 2%, respectively. More than half of the respondents had two or more partners in the previous 6 months and reported a history of a sexually transmitted disease. CONCLUSIONS: There was no change in the substantial prevalence of HIV infection and high-risk behavior among heterosexual clients entering alcoholism treatment programs over the 3.5-year study period. The HIV prevalence among non-IDU clients remained several times higher than published estimates from similar community-based heterosexual samples. These data reinforce the concept that heterosexual noninjection drug users are at high risk for HIV and may benefit from intervention programs.     

河南省某市男男性接触者安全套使用及相关情况调查

目的了解河南省某市区男男性接触者（MSM）安全套使用及相关情况,为行为干预和采取预防措施提供线索。方法采用横断面调查设计,对进出某市区酒吧、浴池、公厕、公园、广场的男男性接触者进行调查,填写调查表。结果该人群主要为青壮年,16-40岁占96%,未婚占46.9%,有固定性伴的占38.6%。安全套的使用情况与职业、经济、婚姻、出生地等因素无显著性差异。文化水平与安全套的使用情况有显著性差异,大专及以上文化程度者安全套使用较受教育低者明显为高。结论男男性接触者在我国艾滋病流行和预防控制工作中具有特殊的意义,大力推广使用安全套是减少HIV经性途径传播的有效措施。由于男男性接触者中文化水平低者安全套使用率较低,因此,应针对MSM的人口学特征加强安全套的推广使用。     

Sexual compulsivity and substance use in HIV-seropositive men who have sex with men: prevalence and predictors of high-risk behaviors

Most persons aware of their HIV-positive serostatus refrain from sexual behavior that could transmit HIV infection to others. However, a minority of men who test HIV-seropositive continue to engage in transmission risk behavior. One factor that may play a role in high-risk sexual activity involves sexual behavior self-management. The present study investigated the role of sexual compulsivity as a contributing factor to high-risk sexual behavior in HIV seropositive men who have sex with men (N = 112). Participants also completed measures of factors known to be related to risky sexual behavior including: personal substance use, sexual partner substance use, pleasure associated with high-risk activities, beliefs about transmission risks, intentions to avoid future instances of risky behavior, and self-esteem. Men scoring high on sexual compulsivity reported engaging in more frequent unprotected sexual acts with more partners, reported greater use of cocaine in conjunction with sexual activity, rated high-risk sexual acts as more pleasurable, and reported lower self-esteem. Mediational analyses indicated that the relationship between sexual compulsivity and high-risk sexual behavior was partially mediated by both personal cocaine use and partner cocaine use in conjunction with sexual activity. The results suggest a need to integrate HIV risk-reduction services and substance use treatment for those persons living with HIV who have difficulty avoiding transmission risk behavior.