某石化企业乙烯厂低浓度苯乙烯和三苯暴露对工人精液质量的影响

目的分析某石化企业乙烯厂长期低浓度苯乙烯和三苯(苯、甲苯和二甲苯)暴露对男工精液质量的影响。方法选择某石化企业乙烯厂直接接触苯乙烯和三苯的53名男工为暴露组、某港务企业不接触苯系污染物的61名男工为对照组,进行作业环境及作业工人的血液中苯乙烯和三苯监测;同时对114名男工的精液质量进行分析。结果在石化企业乙烯厂作业环境中监测到的主要污染物苯乙烯和三苯以低浓度(0.68~3.99mg/m3)存在,部分工人的血液中检测出苯乙烯和三苯;对照组未检出。暴露组精液液化时间异常(30min)的比例、精浆8-OHdG水平均显著高于对照组(P0.05);暴露组精液精子活率、精子活力、DNA头/尾部百分比均显著低于对照组(P0.05)。血液中苯乙烯和三苯浓度分别与精液液化时间、精子活力和精浆8-OHdG水平呈线性相关,相关系数在0.82~0.94之间(P均0.05)。结论作业环境中长期低浓度苯乙烯和三苯暴露使男工精液质量受到损伤。     

锰作业男工生殖毒研究

选择锰作业男工５３名，对照３９名，对锰作业男工进行生殖毒研究。结果表明：锰作业男工精液化时间、精子活率、精子畸形率与对照组相比差异均有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０５）。精子数，精子活力与对照组相比差异均有高度显著性（Ｐ＜０．０１）；精浆及血清中的性激素水平与对照组相比差异也有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０５）。说明锰对作业男工的精子可能有直接作用并可能会引起生殖内分泌功能的紊乱。     

接铅男工精液质量研究

本文对86名铅接触男工和68名非接触男工精液质量进行了分析,两组男工平均血铅分别为43.20±28.84和22.07±11.64μg/dl。接触组精液液化时间明显长于对照组,与非接触工人相比,接触工人平均一次射精精液总量、精子密度、精子总数、存活精子数、精子存活率及精子活力均降低,其中快速直线运动精子比例下降尤为明显;接触组精子畸形率则明显高于对照组,差别均有显著性(P<0.05)。进一步分析显示,精液质量改变主要见于血铅>40μg/dl 的工人,表明铅引起精液质量降低的血铅的阈值可能为40ug/dl。     

铅作业对工人精液质量影响的研究

对51名铅作业男工和35名对照男工的血铅、血锌、精液铅、精液锌、精子活力、精子计数、精液总量、精液液化时间测定的结果,接铅组血铅及精液铅浓度均显著高于对照组;而精子活力则显著低于对照组;精液铅浓度显著高于血铅浓度;精液中铅浓度与锌浓度呈负相关。     

苯系混合物对男工精液乳酸脱氢酶同工酶的影响

苯系混合物对男工精液乳酸脱氢酶同工酶的影响肖国兵潘翠宝周承来任世女我们开展了苯系物对作业男工精液乳酸脱氢酶同工酶Ｃ４（ＬＤＨ－Ｃ４）活性影响的研究。一、对象与方法１．调查对象：选择油（浸）漆、造漆和制鞋等行业接触苯系物１年以上，无慢性疾病史，尤其无生...     

硝化甘油对男工精液质量及男工妻子妊娠结局的影响

本文报道了硝化甘油对男工精液质量及男工妻子妊娠结局的影响。结果表明：硝化甘油作业工人精液总量，精子存活率有降低趋势，精子活力明显降低，精子畸形率明显升高，与对照组相比有显著性差异（Ｐ〈０．０５），男工妻子自然流产率显著高于对照组（Ｐ〈０．０５），并出现一例死亡。     

锰及电焊作业男工精液质量的研究

为研究锰及电焊作业对男工生殖机能的影响，对３１０名男工精液进行研究，其中职业接触锰及电焊烟尘者２１１名，对照组９９名。车间空气中ＭｎＯ２和电焊尘浓度分别为０．１４～５．５ｍｇ／ｍ３和６．５～８２．３ｍｇ／ｍ３。电焊工精浆Ｍｎ、Ｃｕ、Ｃｒ、Ｎｉ和Ｆｅ比对照组明显增高。接触组精液液化时间较对照组明显延长，精液量、精子数、精子活力和活动精子百分率比对照组明显降低。逐步回归分析结果表明，锰可造成作业男工精子直接毒作用     

混苯对接触男工精子顶体酶活力和副性腺功能的影响

探讨混苯对接触男工精子顶体酶活力和副性腺功能的影响，对２３名从事混苯作业的男工进行生物材料混苯分析及精子顶体酶活力、精浆γ－ＧＴ活性和果糖含量的测定。结果接触组顶体酶活力、精浆γ－ＧＴ活性和果糖含量分别为１８．０２±７．２４Ｕ／Ｌ、１７１４．４３±８７３．８８Ｕ／Ｌ、３．０９±２．０５ｇ／Ｌ，而对照组则分别为３０．７４±１０．０５Ｕ／Ｌ、２４１８．９７±４１１．９２Ｕ／Ｌ、２．０３±０．７４ｇ／Ｌ。表明混苯可引起男工精子顶体酶活力下降（Ｐ＜０．００１），精浆γ－ＧＴ活性显著低于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５），而精浆果糖含量两组间未见差别。精子顶体酶活力与接触工龄、精浆γ－ＧＴ与精浆中苯及血液中甲苯等呈负相关。混苯在一定程度上可影响男工生育力和副性腺功能。     

三硝基甲苯对作业男工精液质量影响的研究

现场调查结果表明，车间空气中三硝基甲苯（ＴＮＴ）浓度绝大多数超过最高容许浓度（１ｍｇ／ｍ３），并且皮肤污染严重。对４８名ＴＮＴ作业男工和５０名对照男工的精液常规检查，精液乳酸脱氢酶（ＬＤＨ）活性、锌含量以及血清睾酮（Ｔ）含量的测定结果表明，精液液化时间＞６０分钟，精子形态异常率＞２５％和射精后１小时内精子存活率＜７０％的阳性检出率显著高于对照组。精液ＬＤＨ活性和锌含量，以及血清Ｔ含量均显著低于对照组。     

硝化甘油对作业男工生殖功能的影响

为了解硝化甘油对作业男工生殖功能的影响，采用职业流行病学调查的方法，对４８名硝化甘油作业男工的生殖功能进行了研究。结果表明，接触组性欲减退人数明显高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５），每周性交次数明显减少（Ｐ＜０．０１）；接触组男工睾酮浓度为１７．２３ｎｍｏｌ／Ｌ，比对照组明显降低（Ｐ＜０．０５）；接触组男工精子畸形率（１８．７８％）比对照组（１４．７５％）显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０５）。精子畸形分类显示，精子头部畸形明显高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）；接触组男工精子活力分级与对照组相比，差异有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０５）；接触组男工妻子的自然流产率、死产数与对照组相比，差异未见显著性。提示：硝化甘油对作业男工生殖功能有一定影响。     

Effect of benzene, toluene, xylene on the semen quality and the function of accessory gonad of exposed workers

The effects on semen and the function of accessory gonad of workers after short and long term exposure to benzene, toluene, and xylene were examined. The semen and blood of 24 married workers exposed to benzene, toluene, and xylene were collected. Routine sperm characteristic, acrosin activity, and Lactate dehydrogenase C4 (LDH-C4) relative activity were detected. The results showed that benzene, toluene, and xylene were found in the blood and semen of some ex-workers at workplaces where the air concentration of benzene, toluene, and xylene exceeded the maximum allowable concentration (MAC). No such solvents were detected in the blood and semen of workers of the control group. The sperm vitality and sperm motility decreased in the exposed workers. The mean acrosin activity, gamma-GT activity and LDH-C4 relative activity in the exposed workers were lower, and fructose concentration was higher than those in the control. There were negative correlations between sperm vitality, sperm activity, acrosin activity, or LDH-C4 relative activity and working history. These results suggest that the mixture of these solvents could affect the sperm and the function of accessory gonad. This might be one reason of the abnormal pregnancy outcome among the wives of workers exposed to benzene, toluene, and xylene.     

汞对男工生殖功能影响的研究

本文对某荧光灯厂３７名男工的生殖功能调查研究的结果表明：工人在作业环境汞浓度超标情况下作业，导致休内汞负荷水平的增高。血汞和精汞含量（分别为０．０５８１ｍｇ／Ｌ和０．０２７０ｍｇ／Ｌ）均比对照组（分别为０．０１０９ｍｇ／Ｌ和０．１３９ｍｇ／Ｌ增高，Ｐ＜０．０１。工人的生殖功能也受到一定的影响，表现为精液量减少，液化时间延长，精子的密度减小、一次射精子数减少、活精率下降，精子畸形率增高。同时，还观察     

低浓度苯、甲苯和二甲苯对接触工人健康的影响

目的探讨低浓度"三苯"(苯、甲苯、二甲苯)对作业工人的健康危害。方法对接苯工厂作业场所中"三苯"浓度进行测定,以439名三苯接触工人为苯接触组,以338名非接苯工人为对照组,对2组工人进行职业健康检查并对体检资料进行对照分析。结果接苯工厂内各检测点的"三苯"8 h时间加权平均浓度(C-TWA)及短时间接触浓度(C-STEL)的检测值均低于国家标准。苯接触组工人白细胞计数下降检出率为14.58%,非接触组为8.88%,差异有统计学意义;苯接触组工人血红蛋白含量下降检出率为19.59%,非接触组为8.28%,差异有统计学意义。苯接触组女工白细胞计数下降检出率为18.07%,男工为10.53%,差异有统计学意义;苯接触组女工血红蛋白含量下降检出率为32.53%,男工2.63%,差异有统计学意义;苯接触组男工血清丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)异常率为7.89%,女工0.80%,差异有统计学意义。苯接触组不同工龄工人白细胞计数下降及血红蛋白含量下降存在线性剂量-反应关系。结论长期接触低浓度的"三苯"也会损害作业工人的身体健康,应加强防护措施,加大健康监护力度。     

Leukocyte agglutinins in workers exposed to benzene,toluene and xylene

Summary A leukoagglutination test and a cytotoxic test with leukocytes were performed on 76 workers exposed to occupational contact with benzene, toluene and xylene (52 men, 24 women); the possibility of contact with these substances was eliminated in 41 persons in the period directly preceding the examination, and blood samples were collected from 35 persons in the course of the exposure. In the first group the presence of leukocyte agglutinins for autologous leukocytes was found in only one person and in the second group in 10 persons. The increase of leukoagglutination titer of sera after their incubation with benzene, toluene or xylene was also demonstrated. This suggested the occurrence of allergic blood dyscrasia in some persons exposed to benzene and its homologues.     

苯系混合物对作业工人心理及神经行为功能的影响

[目的 ]　评价职业性苯系混合物接触对工人心理和神经行为功能的影响。　 [方法 ]　采用WHO推荐的神经行为测试组合 ,对 174名苯系混合物作业工人和 14 3名对照组工人进行心理状况调查和神经行为功能测试。同时 ,对作业环境空气中苯、甲苯、二甲苯浓度和作业工人尿中马尿酸的水平进行测定。　 [结果 ]　作业环境中苯的平均浓度为35 .90mg/m3 ;甲苯的平均浓度为 6 7.49mg/m3 ;二甲苯为 32 .6 8mg/m3 。作业工人尿中马尿酸平均水平为 2 .310mg/L ,对照组工人为 2 .0 0 0mg/L ,差异末见显著性。接触组工人紧张、忧郁、愤怒、疲劳和困惑情感得分均高于对照组工人 ;平均反应时、最快反应时、数字译码测试项目得分与对照组工人比较差异有显著性。两组的肌电图测试胫后神经传导速度和潜伏期差异有显著性 ;脑电图检查结果差异无显著性。　 [结论 ]　长期职业性接触苯系混合物可以引起明显的心理状态、神经运动速度和准确性以及运动协调能力的改变。     

职业接触低浓度混苯对健康的影响

目的观察低浓度混苯对作业人员健康的影响.方法.观察118名从事混苯作业人员,对照119名条件相当非接触混苯的行政人员健康状况.结果低浓度混苯接触组头晕、头痛、记忆力下降、月经紊乱以及鼻炎、咽炎、皮炎发病率明显高于对照组,发病者专业工龄无明显差异.结论职业接触低浓度混苯可损害神经系统、生殖系统、皮肤黏膜.     

睾丸容积、禁欲时间与精液质量的比较研究

研究睾丸容积、禁欲时间与精液质量的关系。方法:20例健康男性自愿供精者,每间隔24小时供精1次,共4次;间隔48小时供精1次,共2次;间隔72小时供精1次,共1次。即在9天内连续供精7次,对精液有关系数进行分析。结果:精子密度、精子毛细管穿透试验、精子活动百分比及精液液化时间与禁欲时间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。精子总数与禁欲时间呈正相关,睾丸容积与精子密度、精子总精呈正相关。结论:禁欲24小时即可对精液质量进行检查。     

Evaluation of neuropsychological symptoms and exposure to benzene, toluene and xylene among two different furniture worker groups in Izmir

This study was conducted to determine whether there was any exposure to toluene, xylene and benzene and to assess the health impact of these solvents on workers in furniture enterprises in Karabaglar, Izmir. This cross-sectional study covered furniture enterprises in Karabaglar, Izmir. This study was comprised of an exposed group consisting of workers engaged in painting and varnishing and therefore exposed either directly or indirectly toluene, xylene and benzene in the workplace and the non-exposed group engaged in other aspects of production. While a total of 261 individuals completed questionnaires, 210 workers agreed to provide blood samples. Blood solvents levels were determined using gas chromatograph at Ege University, Intoxication Research and Application Centre. The modified EUROQUEST questionnaire was used to assess neuropsychological symptoms and neurological and general examination were performed. Occupational and exposure history, demographic and work-related information was collected. In this study of workers, blood toluene and benzene levels were found to be significantly higher among those engaged in painting and varnishing compared to those who perform other tasks. The average blood toluene and benzene concentrations among exposed workers were 6.95 times and 1.64 times respectively higher than those in the nonexposed groups. Smokers and participants who worked in excess of 8 hours/day had higher blood toluene and benzene levels. The most frequently work-related health complaints were back pain, allergies and asthma. No differences were found in the average scores in the neuropsychological symptoms questionnaire between exposed and non-exposed groups. Neurological examination of two individuals with these complaints revealed a loss of reflexes. The workers were unaware that they were being exposed to solvents at work. Tobacco smoke is a major source of internal exposure to benzene. Improving working conditions in furniture work places is a priority.     

混苯对女工神经行为功能的影响

本文采用世界卫生组织推荐的神经行为核心测试组合，对接触混苯（甲苯、二甲苯、苯）的２３名女工和非接触混苯的１９名女工进行了神经行为功能测试。结果显示：在苯、甲苯、二甲苯分别浓度均低于现行卫生标准的作业环境中，接触混苯女工的某些行为功能（简单反应时、手提转捷度、数字译码、视觉持留、目标追踪测试Ⅱ的测试结果均差于对照组，经检验、差异有显著性。此结果为修订作业环境苯及其同系物各自的卫生标准或制定混苯的卫生标准提供了参考依据。