老年糖尿病合并高血压患者心率变异性变化的研究

目的探讨老年糖尿病合并高血压患者心率变异性的变化及临床意义。方法对63例老年糖尿病合并高血压患者(分为不伴有LVH组和伴有LVH组),分别与对照组进行频域指标分析对比。结果糖尿病合并高血压不伴LVH组LF,LF/HF比值明显升高,HF降低,差异显著;同时糖尿病合并高血压伴有LVH组各项指标变化更为明显(P<0.01)。结论老年糖尿病合并高血压患者心率变异性变化比健康老年人变化更为明显,HRV有助于心脏自主神经病变的早期发现和早期诊断。     

全麻气管插管期间依托咪酯或丙泊酚对心率变异性的影响

目的:研究依托咪酯和丙泊酚在全麻诱导气管插管期间对自主神经系统功能的影响. 方法:利用心率变异功率谱分析(HRPSA)技术对90例择期腹部手术患者麻醉前、麻醉诱导后及气管插管后的心率变异性(HRV)改变进行研究. 结果:麻醉诱导后,依托咪酯组HRV总功率频段(TP)和其中低频段(LF),丙泊酚组LF、高频段(HF)、LF/HF(低频/高频比)及TP均显著降低(P<0.05),组间比较显示丙泊酚组LF与LF/HF降低程度显著大于依托咪酯组(P<0.05);气管插管后,两组LF,LF/HF及TP均显著升高(P<0.01),HF亦均显著升高(P<0.05),组间比较两组插管前后HRV各指标差值无显著性差异(P>0.05). 结论:丙泊酚在麻醉诱导时对自主神经功能的抑制作用强于依托咪酯;就控制插管引起的心血管反应而言,依托咪酯和丙泊酚的临床意义没有显著性差异.     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术中二氧化碳气腹对老年人心率变异性的影响

目的探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术中CO2气腹对老年人和青年人心率变异性影响的差异。方法选择ASAⅠ~Ⅱ级择期行腹腔镜胆囊切除手术患者60例,分为老年组(65~72岁)和中、青年组(32~57岁),每组30例。利用心率变异功率谱分析技术(HRV-PSA)和脑电(electroencephalogram,EEG)双频谱指数技术(bispectral index,BIS)对60例患者CO2人工气腹后心率变异性(HRV)指标低频功率(LF)、高频功率(HF)、低频高频比(LF/HF)、标准化值(nuLF)及总功率(TP)的变化进行对比分析。结果CO2人工气腹后LF,LF/HF,nuLF两组患者均明显升高,但老年组升高幅度远低于青年组,两组之间差异有显著性。两组TP,HF均未见明显改变。结论腹腔镜胆囊切除术中CO2人工气腹后代表交感活性的LF,LF/HF,nuLF上升,但老年人上升不如青年人明显,表明CO2人工气腹后老年人交感活性升高较青年人低。     

胰腺炎患者心率变异分析

目的 观察胰腺炎患者24h心率变异性改变,探讨胰腺炎患者心脏植物神经功能状态.方法 所有40例胰腺炎患者行24h 动态心电图记录,同时设40例正常(对照组),分析其 HRV变化.结果 1.各组24h的HRV时域动态变化比较:对照组24h的HRV时域变化有明显昼夜节律,胰腺炎组24h的HRV时域各指标明显低于对照组(P<0.01),失去昼夜规律.2.各频域指标比较:清醒期和睡眠期对照组低频标准单位(LF)、低频/高频比值(LF/HF)在清醒期明显增高 (P<0.01),高频带(HF)在睡眠期明显增高(P<0.01);胰腺炎组总功率谱密度(TP)、极低频带(VLF)、低频带(LF)、HF、LF/HF在清醒期和睡眠期比较无显著差异.结论 胰腺炎患者心脏自主神经受损,以迷走神经更严重,表现为持续性交感神经占优势,失去昼夜规律,及时控制胰腺炎病情,恢复心脏自主神经平衡对胰腺炎性患者治疗具有重要临床意义.     

2型糖尿病患者心率变异性分析及依帕司他对其的影响

目的 观察2型糖尿病患者心率变异性(HRV)改变的特征及依帕司他对其的影响。 方法 应用24 h动态心电图对2007年7月-2011年7月皖南医学院第二附属医院收治的46例2型糖尿病患者进行心率变异性分析,并与28例正常人进行比较。将46例2型糖尿病患者随机分为常规治疗组和依帕司他组;依帕司他组在常规治疗基础上加依帕司他治疗,观察治疗6个月后各组心率变异性时域和频域各项指标,时域指标包括24 h连续正常R-R间期的标准差(SDNN),24 h内每5 min正常R-R间期平均值的标准差(SDANN),全程相邻窦性心搏RR间期之差的均方根值(rMSSD),24 h内相邻的两个正常R-R间期差值>50 ms的个数占总心率数的百分比(PNN50);频域指标包括:低频功率(LF)、高频功率(HF)、低频与高频的比(LF/HF)的变化。 结果 2型糖尿病患者心率变异性时域和频域各项指标与正常对照组相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。2型糖尿病常规治疗组治疗6个月后SDNN、SDANN、rMSSD、PNN50、LF、HF、LF/HF等各项指标与治疗前比较,差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05);而依帕司他组治疗6个月后HRV时域和频域各项指标与治疗前比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论 2型糖尿病患者HRV降低,自主神经功能受损;依帕司他可改善其自主神经功能。      

高血压病肝阳上亢型的心率变异性改变

目的 现察高血压痛肝阳上亢型的心率变异性改变,探讨高血压痛肝阳上亢型的自主神经功能改变在其发病中的作用.方法 运用烦域法心率变异性分析方法,对照检测37例高血压痛肝阳上亢型患者与37例正常人的低频(LF)、高频(HF)的心率谱密度及LF/HF比值.结果 高血压病肝阳上亢组LF部分及LF/HF比值明显高于正常时照组(p<0.01),HF部分两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 高血压痛肝阳上亢型出现心率变异性异常,交感神经活性与副交感神经活性平衡失调,自主神经功能紊乱是其主要的病理机制.     

2型糖尿病合并原发性高血压患者的心率变异性特点

目的：探讨心率变异性（HRV）对早期发现2型糖尿病合并原发性高血压心脏植物神经病变的意义。方法：应用24h动态心电图（Holter）监测84例2型糖尿病患者和84例2型糖尿病合并原发性高血压患者,并与84名正常人对照,比较三组SDNN、SDANN、RMSSD、PNN50、HRVI、TP、LF、HF和LF/HF。结果：T2DM组和EH＋T2DM组的SDNN、SDANN、RMSSD、PNN50、HRVI、TP、LF和LF/HF均明显低于对照组（P＜0.05）。EH＋T2DM组较T2DM组也有明显变化。结论：T2DM＋EH组与T2DM组相比自主神经功能受损害程度更加明显,发生心源性猝死的危险性增加,应定期检查,密切随访。     

心肌梗死与心肌梗死伴2型糖尿病患者T波电交替和心脏自主神经病变分析

目的探讨心肌梗死(MI)与MI伴2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者T波电交替(TWA)的变化,及其与心脏自主神经病变的关系。方法分析单纯MI组(MI组,n=90)、MI合并2型糖尿病组(MI+T2DM组,n=68)及对照组(n=52)患者的动态心电图-TWA值。应用心率变异性(HRV)的时域指标[正常窦性R-R间期的标准差(SDNN)、每5 min N-N间期平均值的标准差(SDANN)、差值均方的平方根(rMSSD)]和频域指标[甚低频(VLF)、低频(LF)、高频(HF)和低/高频比(LF/HF)]评估心脏自主神经病变。结果 MI组和MI+T2DM组患者TWA较对照组明显增大(P<0.01),MI+T2DM组TWA较MI组增大,但差异无统计学意义(P=0.17);MI组SDNN、SDANN、HF较对照组降低(P<0.05)。MI+T2DM组与对照组比较,SDNN、SDANN、HF、LF降低,LF/HF升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。MI+T2DM组的SDNN、HF比MI组降低明显(P<0.05);MI患者的TWA值与HRV时域指标SDNN、SDANN具有相关性(r=0.147,r=0.156;P<0.001)。结论 MI患者TWA增大,HRV多项指标普遍降低、LF/HF增大,伴T2DM患者更加明显。TWA可能与自主神经中的交感神经成分有关。     

两种给药方式对术中气管插管后血流动力学与心率变异性的影响

目的 探讨丙泊酚复合瑞芬太尼双通道靶控输注(Target-controlled infusion，TCI)与单次静脉复合给药诱导全麻加微泵输注用于成年开腹手术患者，气管插管后对血流动力学和心率变异性影响的差异。方法 择期开腹手术患者76例，随机分为单次静脉复合给药组(I组，n=36例)和靶控输注组(T组，n=40例)。监测并记录入室后（T0）、意识丧失时（T1）、插管时（T2）、插管后5 min（T3）及插管后15 min（T4）各时间点的平均动脉压(MAP) 、心率(HR) 和心率变异性（HRV）等指标。结果 T1时,两组MAP、HR较T0轻度下降，差异无统计学意义(均P <0.05)；两组LF、HF、LF/HF、TP较T0显著下降(均P <0.05)。T2、T3时,I组MAP、HR、LF、HF、LF/HF、TP均较T1显著增高(均P <0.05)；V组与I组比较变化小，差异有统计学意义(均P <0.05)。T4时，I组各指标均较T1显著下降(均P <0.05)；T组与I组比较变化小，差异有统计学意义(均P <0.05)。结论 丙泊酚复合瑞芬太尼双通道靶控输注静脉麻醉用于成年开腹手术患者插管后血压、心率及心率变异性改变小,可降低插管刺激对血流动力学和自主神经功能的影响。     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者心率变异性的研究

目的观察心率变化,评价阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(OSAS)患者自主神经功能的活性.方法132例分为Ⅰ组(睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数AHI＜20),Ⅱ组(AHI≥20);每组选出10例,分为A组、B组并与对照组9例,进行动态心电图监测,采用心率变异性(HRV)的频域分析方法定量分析OSAS患者自主神经功能的活性.结果(1)体重、AHI、SaO2%＜90%的时间和高血压发生率Ⅱ组明显高于1组,差异显著(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).(2)呼吸暂停(最长)时,Ⅱ组最快心率、最慢心率与Ⅰ组相比差异有显著性(P＜0.01).(3)A,B组及对照组24小时心率变化无差异,24小时LF、HF、LF/HF周期性曲线变化明显不同.B组的LF、HF、LF/HF周期性变化与对照组、A组相比有明显的差异(P＜0.01).高血压不影响这种周期性变化.结论OSAS患者自主神经功能紊乱,交感和副交感神经活性的失衡可能与OSAS患者心血管疾病发病率增高有关,并非单纯迷走神经张力降低所致.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.     

Possible Spread of adenovirus type 3 from poultry to humans ：indirect evidence from an outbreak in China

Objective:To explore the epidemiology and etiology for an outbreak of acute respiratory tract infection that occurred in one county of Jiangsu Province, China 2004. Methods: Only cases meeting the case definition were included in the study. We reviewed the medical records of the cases who were admitted to the local hospitals, interviewed cases by a standard questionnaire, and then described the epidemiotogic features and analyzed risk factors by means of a case-control study. We collected pharyngeal swab specimens and sent them to different laboratories for isolation and culture. The laboratory used different detection methods such as DIP, PCR, electron microscope examination and microneutralization assay, to identify and then type the positive specimens. Results:A total of 871 cases were reported during the period from April 18 to July 4,2004. The distribution of onset times presented two peaks, one in late May and another in middle June. The epidemic occurred mainly in the elementary and junior high schools in ten townships of one county, and the mean age of the cases was 12 years (range 7 months to 18 years). The course of the disease was acute, and was characterized by fever accompanied with sore throat and tonsillitis. The WBC count of cases was normal or elevated. The mean duration of illness was 5 days (range 2 to 12 days). No fatalities from illness were reported. A case-control study indicated that the possible risk factors were close contact with a case and/or poultry before onset and sharing of towels among members of the family. The typical CPE was observed through inoculating pharyngeal swab specimens into the HEP-2 cell cultures in different laboratories. An infection of adenovirus type 3 was verified by detecting positive specimens in different methods. Conclusion:This investigation demonstrated that the acute respiratory infection in cases was caused by adenovirus type 3. Cases occurred in over 70 schools in ten townships in 2004, and the route of transmission was possibly close contact with cases or droplet transmission.