运动负荷心电图试验在民用航空医学应用中的标准化探讨

运动负荷心电图试验（exercise electrocardio-gram，XECG）是一种心脏负荷试验。主要检测的是冠状动脉的储备能力，许多冠心病患者，尽管冠状动脉扩张的最大储备能力已下降，但是由于在静息状态下的心肌耗氧量较少，冠状动脉血流量尚可满足心肌对氧的需求，故无心肌缺血现象发生，     

球囊暂时阻断颈内动脉在头颈部肿瘤切除中的应用

目的 探讨暂时性颈内动脉球囊阻断试验在头颈部肿瘤切除的术前价值.方法 32例头颈部肿瘤患者术前行肿瘤侧颈内动脉暂时性球囊阻断试验,阻断30 min,观察并记录球囊阻断前后神经系统的变化.球囊阻断后监测残端动脉压力;计算残端动脉压力与患者平均动脉压比值.阻断时无神经系统相关症状或残端压≥阻断前50％为阴性,出现神经系统相关症状或残端压＜阻断前50％为阳性.结果 32例患者中,30例阴性,2例阳性.2例阳性中,1例阻塞后患者出现神经症状,立即终止试验后患者症状消失;1例无神经相关症状,残端压40 mmHg.30例阴性患者中,2例行部分颈内动脉切除,7例结扎颈内动脉,21例保留颈内动脉,肿瘤均完整切除,患者无术后神经系统相关并发症.2例阳性患者均放弃手术切除:1例行粒子植入结合动脉内药物灌注治疗,1例行氩氦刀结合动脉药物灌注治疗.结论 暂时性球囊阻断颈内动脉试验简便易行.通过评价患者闭塞颈内动脉后有无神经系统症状及监测残端动脉压,有助于选择头颈部肿瘤治疗方式,可有效避免出现神经系统相关并发症.     

入室试验筛查分娩中胎儿宫内窘迫的意义

目的:探讨胎心入室试验对预测新生儿宫内窘迫的价值。方法:将2000年1月~2005年1月入我院后24 h内分娩的658例孕妇(33 5~43孕周)分为低风险组和高风险组,分析其胎心入室试验、分娩结局、羊水及新生儿Apgar评分。结果:AT示515例为反应型(78.27%),72例为可疑型(10.94%),71例为危险型(10.79%);总的新生儿窒息率为6.53%,反应型组窒息率为1.94%,危险组为33.08%;羊水污染率反应型组为20.97%,危险组为67.61%,两组间差异显著(P<0.01)。高危孕妇可疑型、危险型的羊水污染率及新生儿窒息率均较低风险孕妇高,两组间有显著差异(P<0.05)。结论:AT反应型可预测在以后的4~5 h内胎儿在宫内是安全的,胎心入室试验可预测胎儿预后。     

Application of ICP-DRC-MS to screening test of strontium and plutonium in environmental samples at Fukushima

An application of sequential automated SPE separation equipment coupled to the quadrupole-based ICPMS instrumentation with a dynamic reaction cell such as a screening test system of ⁹⁰Sr and Pu isotopes in environmental samples was developed in this work. So far, during the course of a large number of reports as to various specific radioactivities in environmental samples surveyed at radioactive contaminated area around the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plants (FDNPP), there is a much smaller number of reports on ⁹⁰Sr and Pu isotopes than that of ¹³⁴Cs and ¹³⁷Cs since the FDNPP accident, and then it would be expected to develop the simple analysis method of these isotopes instead of radiation measurements currently in use. In particular, a screening for ⁹⁰Sr in environmental samples has been accomplished using an isotopic ratio measurement mode in comparison with the characterization on the Solid Phase Elution (SPE) separation between strontium and zirconium isotopes around the mass-90 fraction. As a result, for a trial analysis of environmental samples of a muddy snow water and a soil which were collected at Fukushima, it was found that the present developed system makes it applicable for achieving up to the specific activity levels of several hundreds Bq/kg (⁹⁰Sr) and about 1–2 Bq/kg (Pu isotopes) as the screening test system.     

球囊闭塞试验在累及颈动脉头颈肿瘤术前评估中的应用

目的 探讨球囊闭塞试验(BOT)在累及颈动脉头颈肿瘤术前评估中应用的可靠性以及减少并发症的策略.方法 回顾性分析我院39例累及颈动脉的头颈肿瘤患者,36例术前采用不可脱球囊暂时性闭塞患侧颈内动脉作BOT,其中35例术后行肿瘤外科手术切除.结果 36例(36/39)头颈肿瘤患者成功进行了BOT,阳性率为11.1％(4/36),并发症发生率为0;术后35例患者进行了肿瘤的手术切除治疗,其中4例行颈动脉切除并血管重建;28例术中仔细剥离肿瘤而完整保留颈动脉;3例行颈动脉外膜剥脱,所有患者均未出现神经系统并发症.结论 BOT对于累及颈动脉头颈肿瘤术前评估是一种操作简单,并发症少且安全有效的方法.     

动态比浊法鲎试验定量测定~(18)F-FDG的细菌内毒素含量

目的　快速测定18F 脱氧葡萄糖 (FDG)的细菌内毒素含量。方法　应用动态比浊法鲎试验 ,经抑制 /增强实验表明 ,18F FDG(Lot No 0 0 0 113)未稀释、2、5、10倍稀释样品中定量添加标准浓度内毒素 ,其回收率分别为 176% ,131% ,131% ,15 0 % ;18F FDG(Lot No 99112 8、9912 0 8)经 10倍稀释 ,样品中定量添加标准浓度内毒素 ,其回收率分别为 80 2 %和 98 2 %。结果　标准内毒素使用 5 0 0、0 5 0 0、0 0 5 0 0EU/mL ,将18F FDG进行 10倍稀释 ,样品中定量添加标准浓度内毒素回收率在 5 0 %～2 0 0 % ,无干扰作用 ,可用于有效的日常检查。结论　所用方法可高效率地测定18F FDG中的细菌内毒素含量。     

用DDDs分析住院药房抗生素药物的应用

目的 了解海军总医院住院药房抗生素的应用情况及发展趋势.方法 对住院药房2003年10月～2006年9月抗生素类药物的用药金额、用药剂量、用药天数、DDDs、DDC、DUI进行统计计算.结果 头孢类、青霉素类、喹诺酮类为抗感染药物首选.被统计的抗生素77%的品种DUI＜1,23%的品种DUI＞1.结论 我院住院部药房抗生素应用基本合理,但应进一步加强对抗生素使用的监督管理,以防止少数抗生素的滥用现象.     

探讨心电图与运动试验在招飞体检中的应用价值

目的：探讨心电图与登梯运动试验在招飞体检中的应用价值,为改进心功能试验方法提供依据。方法对2005-2012年招飞体检学生心电图淘汰资料按常规心电图和登梯运动试验心电图检查方法进行分类统计比较。结果常规心电图检测10336名学生,淘汰300人,淘汰率为2.90%,前3位依次是心电轴偏移、心律失常、T波改变,构成比依次为42.00%、39.33%、13.00%。对余下的10036人进行登梯运动试验,淘汰221人,占检测人数的2.20%,前2位依次是ST-T改变、心律失常,构成比依次为59.30%、45.08%。登梯运动试验提高了心电图淘汰率。结论登梯运动试验提高了心电图淘汰率,但存在运动负荷不足、试验方法不规范、运动中不能即时发现血压变化和心律失常的不足。建议采用平板运动试验,进一步完善心电图运动试验方法。     

巴戟天水提物对大鼠低速率差式强化程序和小鼠强迫性游泳的影响

目的：更深入和全面地评价巴戟天水提物的抗抑郁作用。方法：采用大鼠低速率差式强化程序（ＤＲＬ７２ｓ）和小鼠强迫性游泳法。结果：在大鼠ＤＲＬ７２ｓ模型上，巴戟天水提物５０ｍｇ／ｋｇ与抗抑郁剂地昔帕明５ｍｇ／ｋｇ的作用一致，均显著增加大鼠ＤＲＬ－７２ｓ的强化数，减少反应数和降低效应比率。在小鼠强迫性游泳模型上，巴卉天水提物５０ｍｇ／ｋｇ与地昔帕明２０ｍｇ／ｋｇ和阿米替林２０ｍｇ／ｋｇ的作用类似，明显缩短     

Reliability and comparison of trunk and pelvis angles,arm distance and center of pressure in the seated functional reach test with and without foot support in children

This study determined test-retest reliability of trunk and pelvis joint angles, arm distance and center of pressure (COP) excursion for the seated functional reach test (FRT) and compared these variables during the seated FRT with and without foot support. Fifteen typically developing children (age 9.3 ± 4.1 years) participated. Trunk and pelvis joint angles, arm distance, and COP excursion were collected on two days using three-dimensional motion analysis and a force plate while subjects reached maximally with and without foot support in the anterior, anterior/lateral, lateral, posterior/lateral directions. Age, weight, height, trunk and arm lengths were correlated (p < 0.01) with maximum arm distance reached. Maximum arm distance, trunk and pelvis joint angles, and COP with and without foot support were not significant (p < 0.05) for the two test periods. Excellent reliability (ICCs > 0.75) was found for maximum arm distance reached in all four directions in the seated FRT with and without foot support. Most trunk and pelvis joint angles and COP excursions during maximum reach in all four directions showed excellent to fair reliability (ICCs > 0.40–0.75). Reaching with foot support in all directions was significantly greater (p < 0.05) than without foot support; however, most COP excursions and trunk and pelvic angles were not significantly different. Findings support the addition of anterior/lateral and posterior/lateral reaching directions in the seated FRT. Trunk and pelvis movement analysis is important to examine in the seated FRT to determine the specific movement strategies needed for maximum reaching without loss of balance.     

血常规检验在贫血鉴别诊断中的应用效果及血红蛋白含量、红细胞平均体积影响分析

目的 分析探讨血常规检验在贫血鉴别诊断中的应用效果及血红蛋白含量、红细胞平均体积影响.方法 分析2019年12月-2020年1月做血常规检验的患者资料150例,其中50例地中海盆血患者为实验1组,50例缺铁性贫血患者为实验2组,50例体检健康患者为对照组.对比三组患者血常规检验结果.结果 (1)实验1组与实验2组贫血患...