力尔凡胸腔内给药治疗肺癌胸腔积液疗效观察

目的探讨力尔凡胸腔内给药治疗肺癌恶性胸腔积液的效果。方法将83例肺癌恶性胸腔积液患者随机分成两组,对照组(42例)胸腔内注入化疗药物,观察组(41例)胸腔内注射力尔凡。结果两组药物疗效比较,差异无显著性意义(P>0.05);不良反应比较,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05)。结论力尔凡胸腔内给药治疗恶性胸腔积液不良反应少,效果显著。     

胸腔置管引流并腔内给药治疗恶性胸腔积液患者的护理进展

概述胸腔内置管的适用范围、导管的选择、穿刺的方法及常用药物,总结了恶性胸腔积液患者胸腔置管引流和腔内给药的围术期护理方法,为临床实践提供参考。     

顺铂联合香菇多糖治疗恶性胸腔积液32例疗效观察

目的 探讨顺铂联合香菇多糖治疗恶性胸腔积液的疗效及机制。方法 将64例恶性胸腔积液患者随机分为观察组(32例)和对照组(32例)。观察组32例患者放尽胸水后经胸腔内注入顺铂加香菇多糖进行治疗；对照组32例患者放尽胸水后经胸腔内注入顺铂进行治疗。结果 观察组有效率(84．4％)高于对照组(50.0％)具有显著性差异(P＜0．05)。结论 顺铂联合香菇多糖治疗恶性胸腔积液患者有确切疗效。明显提高化疗药敏感性，提高患者生存期及生活质量。     

胸腔循环热灌注化疗治疗恶性胸腔积液的护理体会

目的探讨恶性胸腔积液在胸腔循环热灌注化疗期间的护理体会及要点。方法对恶性胸腔积液患者行胸腔热灌注化疗,分析治疗期间出现的不良反应、护理体会及临床疗效。结果热灌注化疗治疗恶性胸腔积液总有效率为76.9%,不良反应中胃肠道反应发生率(84.6%)较高。3个月后完全消失。结论热灌注化疗是一种有效治疗恶性胸腔积液的手段,加强化疗期间的护理措施,可提高患者的生存质量。较少化疗各种不良反应。     

胸腔内置管化疗在恶性胸腔积液治疗中的作用

目的　探讨胸腔内置入单腔中心静脉导管化疗对恶性胸腔积液的价值。　方法　观察组 (n =17)胸腔内置入导管持续引流后腔内注入卡铂与α- 2b干扰素 ,对照组 (n =2 9)反复胸腔穿刺引流后腔内注入卡铂与α - 2b干扰素。治疗后 1月、3月及 6月观察疗效 ,胸水变化参考WHO癌性渗液疗效判定标准。　结果　观察组腔内治疗 ( 2 2± 1 9)次 ,对照组腔内治疗 ( 5 3± 1 3)次 ,两组比较差异有显著性 (t=5 92 4,P =0 0 0 )。观察组治疗后 1月、3月及 6月 ,CR分别为 10 / 16例、11/ 16例及 10 / 15例 ,对照组分别为 9/ 2 9例、11/ 2 9例及 5 / 19例 ,观察组明显高于对照组 (P值分别为 0 0 43 ,0 0 5 0 ,0 0 2 0 )。治疗后 1月、3月及 6月 ,观察组总有效率分别为 87 5 %、87 5 %、80 0 % ,对照组总有效率分别为 6 2 5 %、6 8 5 %、6 6 7% ,两组总有效率无明显差异 (P值分别为 0 35 6 ,0 114,0 178)。观察组远期疗效较好 ,治疗后第 6个月仍有 10 / 15病例达到CR。两组出现的副作用差异无显著性 ( χ2 =2 4 91,P =0 0 114)。　结论　胸腔内置入中心静脉导管化疗达到CR的例数提高 ,可明显降低卡铂与α - 2b干扰素联合治疗次数 ,副作用小。     

胸腺肽联合顺铂胸腔灌注治疗恶性胸腔积液效果观察

目的观察胸腺肽联合顺铂胸腔灌注治疗恶性胸腔积液的效果。方法随机将68例晚期肺癌伴恶性胸腔积液患者分为2组,每组34例。胸腔闭式引流后对照组经引流管缓慢将顺铂注射液20 mg注入胸腔,夹闭引流管48 h。观察组联合胸腺肽200mg胸腔灌注。比较2组近期疗效、治疗期间不良反应及治疗前后Karnofsky功能状态评分(KPS)。结果观察组总有效率和治疗后KPS评分均明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。2组不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论胸腺肽联合顺铂胸腔灌注治疗恶性胸腔积液,能有效抑制胸腔积液的生成,改善患者生活质量。     

诺维本治疗恶性胸腔积液的疗效观察

目的：观察诺维本治疗恶性胸腔积液的疗效。以便寻找更安全有效的药物,及早控制病情,提高患者的生活质量。方法：晚期肺癌患者４２例,晚期乳腺癌患者１２例,所有患者分为诺维本治疗组（２０组）,其他药物治疗组（２５例）。所有患者行胸腔闭式引流术,诺维本２５ｍｇ／ｍ＾２,博莱霉素４０ｍｇ／ｍ＾２,顺铂６０ｍｇ／ｍ＾２,丝裂霉素６ｍｇ／ｍ＾２,长春花碱２ｍｇ／ｍ＾２,均用２％利多卡因５～１０ｍｌ溶解,将药物注入     

胸腔灌注化疗联合全身热疗治疗恶性胸腔积液的护理

对84例恶性胸腔积液患者胸腔置入中心静脉导管抽液后注入化疗药物联合全身热疗,并在治疗前进行心理护理及充分准备工作;治疗中密切观察病情;治疗后加强引流管及不良反应的护理,84例患者均顺利完成治疗,治疗有效率为71.4%.     

胸腔内高温灌注化学治疗恶性胸腔积液

目的总结电视胸腔镜辅助下胸腔内高温灌注化学治疗恶性病变引起的胸腔积液的方法和效果。方法1999年2月至2005年3月，将58例恶性胸腔积液患者随机分为治疗组（30例）和对照组（28例），治疗组在全身麻醉电视胸腔镜下行胸膜活检术，并用人工心肺机恒温43℃，生理盐水3000ml加顺铂300mg灌注1h；对照组予以胸腔引流，胸腔内灌注顺铂60～80mg。比较两组治疗前、后胸水量的变化、胸水中癌胚抗原（CEA）、细胞角蛋白K19片段（CYFRA21—1）、神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）浓度变化和毒副作用。结果治疗组、对照组有效率分别为100.0％和53，6％，差异有统计学意义（x^2=3．863，P〈0.05）；治疗组治疗后较治疗前胸水中CEA，CYFRA21—1，NSE浓度明显下降（t=2．562，P〈0.05），治疗后治疗组较对照组明显降低（P〈0.05）；两组各种毒副反应比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论电视胸腔镜辅助下胸腔内高温灌注化学治疗恶性胸腔积液安全有效，具有创伤小、视野大、活检准确方便、便于确诊的优点。     

射频透热配合化疗治疗恶性胸腔积液的疗效观察与护理

通过对照实验的方法采用射频透热治疗恶性胸腔积液,并与传统的胸腔灌注治疗恶性胸腔积液进行对比分析.结果表明,射频透热治疗治疗组总有效率94.9%,单纯灌注治疗组总有效率69.6%,两组疗效对比有明显差异(P＜0.005)其优点,射频透热治疗能使胸水充分吸收,达到治疗目的.它是一种简单有效、安全、可靠、绿色、患者容易接受的一种方法.值得推广.     

局麻下纤维支气管镜代胸腔镜在恶性胸腔积液诊治中的应用

目的探讨纤维支气管镜代胸腔镜在恶性胸腔积液的诊断和治疗中的作用。方法 2002～2010年,对26例恶性胸腔积液在血氧监护、局部麻醉下置入纤维支气管镜探查胸膜腔,并以活检钳行病变活检,肿瘤减灭,滑石粉胸膜固定。结果病理确诊率84.6%（22/26）,诊断恶性22例,1例因胸膜坚韧无法活检,3例胸膜活检未见肿瘤细胞。胸水控制完全缓解（CR）16例,部分缓解（PR）9例（肺不能完全复张）,疾病进展（PD）1例（肺不能复张）。CR＋PR共25例,有效率96.2%。结论纤维支气管镜代胸腔镜行胸膜活检及胸膜腔滑石粉固定,手术风险小,诊断率及治疗有效率高,在恶性胸腔积液的诊断和治疗中具有很高的临床价值。     

Recommendations of Diagnosis and Treatment of Pleural Effusion. Update

Although during the last few years there have been several important changes in the diagnostic or therapeutic methods, pleural effusion is still one of the diseases that the respiratory specialist have to evaluate frequently. The aim of this paper is to update the knowledge about pleural effusions, rather than to review the causes of pleural diseases exhaustively. These recommendations have a longer extension for the subjects with a direct clinical usefulness, but a slight update of other pleural diseases has been also included. Among the main scientific advantages are included the thoracic ultrasonography, the intrapleural fibrinolytics, the pleurodesis agents, or the new pleural drainages techniques.     

Recurrent Pleural Effusion and Pulmonary Metastases from a Cutaneous Apocrine Tumour of the Axilla

Sweat gland carcinomas are very rare and they are differentiated between tumours of apocrine or eccrine origin. The axilla is the most common site for apocrine gland carcinoma for its great abundance of these glands. There are no recommendations in literature regarding appropriate treatment schedules for apocrine gland carcimonas in advanced stages. We report a case of recurrent left pleural effusion in a 76-year old man with metastatic cutaneous apocrine tumour of the right axilla. We describe the clinical and histological features, with management options and a review of the relevant literature on apocrine gland carcinoma.     

Pleural Effusion and Pulmonary Hypertension in a Patient With Parkinson Disease Treated With Cabergoline

Cabergoline is a synthetic dopamine agonist used to treat Parkinson disease. The drug occasionally induces pleuropulmonary adverse effects, which manifest as pleural thickening or effusion, interstitial pneumonitis, pulmonary infiltrates, or fibrosis. We report a rare case of pleural effusion and severe pulmonary hypertension in a 79-year-old man with Parkinson disease who had been treated with cabergoline for 1 year. The symptoms disappeared 10 months after the drug was discontinued.     

Successful Treatment of a Recalcitrant Pleural Effusion with Rib Fracture Fixation

Pulmonary complications of rib fractures typically occur in the immediate postinjury period, as a result of the forces causing the injury or subsequent rib fracture displacement. Pneumothorax, hemothorax, pulmonary contusions, or parenchymal lacerations are frequently seen with significant chest wall trauma. Hemopneumothorax is typically treated with tube thoracostomy, and full resolution of the pleural injury is expected; continued pleural fluid accumulation despite these measures is unanticipated, rare, and quite problematic. We report a case of hemorrhagic pleural effusion after rib fractures that were recurrent despite several tube thoracostomies and computed tomography-guided aspirations. The patient subsequently underwent operative fixation of her rib fractures, with successful resolution of her symptomatic pleural effusion.