褪黑激素对中青年大鼠大脑皮质MDA含量和GSH—px,Ca^2＋—ATPase活性 …

目的 观察褪黑激素对叶在鼠大脑皮质脂质过氧化产物含量和氧自由基,游离钙离子清除剂活性的影响,探讨其抗氧化,抗衰老作用机理。方法 连续３０天给中,老年大鼠补充褪黑激素,用生化比色法,测定大脑南丙二醛含量和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶,钙离子,三磷酸腺苷酶活性。结果 与对照组比较,实验组大鼠大脑皮质ＭＤＡ含量下降了２６．８％,ＧＳＨ－ｐｘ和Ｃａ＾２＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性增加了７．５％和１２．５％。结论褪黑激素能增     

脑益嗪抗运动病时大鼠血浆PG和小脑Na~ K~ ATPase图像分析定量研究

为探讨脑益嗪抗运动病作用机理，采用放射免疫方法和计算机图像分析系统，对运动病组（ＭＳＧ）和脑益嗪药物预防组（ＣＰＧ）大鼠血浆ＴＸＢ２、６ＫｅｔｏＰＧＦ１α和小脑毛细血管内皮细胞Ｎａ＋Ｋ＋ＡＴＰａｓｅ进行定量测量和分析研究。结果表明ＣＰＧ大鼠血浆ＴＸＢ２和６ＫｅｔｏＰＧＦ１α显著低于ＭＳＧ（ｐ＜００５），而小脑毛细血管内皮细胞Ｎａ＋Ｋ＋ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性则明显高于ＭＳＧ（ｐ＜００１）。作者认为，血浆ＴＸＢ２和６ＫｅｔｏＰＧＦ１α降低，与脑益嗪阻断血小板和血管内皮细胞Ｃａ２＋内流有关。脑内Ｎａ＋Ｋ＋ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性升高，可能是因为脑益嗪扩张脑血管、增加脑血流，阻滞Ｃａ２＋内流的结果。这些变化可视为脑益嗪抗运动病作用的重要机理。     

褪黑激素对老年大鼠肝MDA含量和GSH—px、CAT，Ca^2＋—ATPase活性的影响

为探讨褪黑激素保肝抗衰老的作用及其机理 ,文章观察了褪黑激素对老年大鼠肝过氧化脂质产物含量和氧自由基、细胞内钙离子清除能力的影响。连续 30天给初老大鼠补充褪黑激素后 ,用生化比色法测定了肝组织内丙二醛 (MDA)含量和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (GSH- px) )、氢过氧化物酶(CAT)、钙离子 -三磷酸腺苷酶 (Ca2 - ATPase)活性。与对照组比较 ,实验组大鼠肝内 MDA含量下降了 31.2 % ,GSH- px、CAT和 Ca2 - ATPase活性分别提高了 2 5.1%、49.6%和 2 5.4%。提示 ,褪黑激素能增强肝细胞抗氧化能力和清除细胞内游离钙离子的能力 ,具有一定的保护肝细胞和抗衰老作用。     

具有谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPX）活力的抗体酶研究──单克隆抗体的制备及化学诱变

将２，４－二硝基氯苯（ＤＮＣＢ）专一地与底物谷胱甘肽（ＧＳＨ）巯基反应，合成了半抗原ＧＳＨ－Ｓ－ＤＮＰ；通过蛋白质连接技术（戊二醛法）将此半抗原偶联到牛血清白蛋白（ＢＳＡ）上，制备出全抗原。用吸收光谱测得每个ＢＳＡ分子上平均连接３３个半抗原。用全抗原免疫ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ小鼠，通过淋巴细胞杂交瘤技术，制备出抗ＧＳＨ的单克隆抗体杂交瘤细胞系４Ａ４、６Ａ６、１Ｃ８和４Ｇ３等。将其中的４Ａ４培养上清经５０％（ＮＨ４）２ＳＯ４沉淀、ＤＥＡＥ－５２纤维素离子交换柱层析和ＢｉｏｇｅｌＰ－２００凝胶过滤分离得到４Ａ４ＩｇＧ抗体，经ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ检验纯度大于９０％。４Ａ４ＩｇＧ可变区中的丝氨酸（Ｓｅｒ）经苯甲基磺酰氟（ＰＭＳＦ）活化，再用硒化氢（Ｈ２Ｓｅ）处理，则Ｓｅｒ转变成硒代半胱氨酸（ＳｅＣｙｓ），使４Ａ４ＩｇＧ引入该催化基因。化学诱变后的４Ａ４ＩｇＧ具有谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＰＸ）活性，其活力是世界上最好的ＧＰＸ模拟物ＰＺ５１的１１００倍，是游离ＳｅＣｙｓ的２．２×１０４倍，已达到天然酶活力的数量级水平。经初步应用，该抗体酶可防止自由基对心肌线粒体的损伤。     

维生素E对冷适应大鼠红细胞膜钠-钾-ATP酶活性及丙二醛含量的影响

目的：研究膳食维生素Ｅ（ＶＥ）增强冷适应的机理。方法：用ＳＤ大鼠为研究对象，分别饲以高ＶＥ饲料（２３０ｍｇ／ｋｇ．饲料）和低ＶＥ饲料（３０ｍｇ／ｋｇ．饲料）。观察大鼠红细胞膜钠－钾－ＡＴＰ酶（Ｎａ＋－Ｋ＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ）活性和丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）含量的变化。结果：冷适应大鼠红细胞膜Ｎａ＋－Ｋ＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性明显高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５），高ＶＥ摄入大鼠红细胞膜Ｎａ＋－Ｋ＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性明显高于低ＶＥ摄入组大鼠（Ｐ＜０．０５）；高ＶＥ摄入组大鼠红细胞膜ＭＤＡ含量明显低于低ＶＥ摄入组大鼠（Ｐ＜０．０５）；膜Ｎａ＋－Ｋ＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性和ＭＤＡ含量间呈明显负相关。结论：膳食ＶＥ可以提高冷适应大鼠红细胞膜Ｎａ＋－Ｋ＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性，降低膜ＭＤＡ含量     

丙型肝炎病毒及恶性疟原虫复合多表位抗原基因与谷胱甘肽转硫酶基因的融合表达及其在小鼠中免疫应答的研究

目的：探讨复合多表位丙型肝炎病毒（ＨｅｐａｔｉｔｉｓＣｖｉｒｕｓ,ＨＣＶ）及恶性疟原虫（Ｐｌａｓｍｏｄｉｕｍｆａｌｃｉｐａｒｕｍ,Ｐｆ）双价疫苗的可行性。方法：将人工合成的复合多表位ＨＣＶ基因ＰＣＸ及Ｐｆ抗原基因ＡＢ（ＳＰｆ６６＋ＳＰｆ１０５）克隆到谷胱甘肽转硫酶（ＧｌｕｔａｔｈｉｏｎｅＳｔｒａｎｓｆｅｒａｓｅ,ＧＳＴ）表达载体ｐＧＥＸ２Ｔ中,并在大肠杆菌中高效表达ＧＳＴＨＣＶＰｆ复合抗原（ＧＳＴＣＡＢ）,分析表达产物的免疫特异性、免疫原性及安全性。结果：ＧＳＴＣＡＢ可被ＨＣＶ患者血清、鼠抗ＧＺＰＣＸ及鼠抗Ｐｆ抗体特异识别,可诱发小鼠产生针对ＧＳＴＣＡＢ、ＧＺＰＣＸ及ＰｆＡｇ的特异性体液免疫应答及针对ＧＳＴＣＡＢ、ＧＺＰＣＸ的迟发性超敏反应,免疫后ＣＤ８＋Ｔ细胞比例略为升高,免疫小鼠未见明显的毒副作用。结论：ＧＳＴＣＡＢ融合蛋白具有良好的ＨＣＶ及Ｐｆ免疫特异性,可诱发理想的体液及细胞免疫应答,可望成为ＨＣＶＰｆ双价疫苗的候选抗原。     

褪黑激素对中老年大鼠大脑皮质MDA含量和GSH-px、Ca~(2+)-ATPase活性的影响

目的 观察褪黑激素对中老年大鼠大脑皮质脂质过氧化产物含量和氧自由基、游离钙离子清除剂活性的影响,探讨其抗氧化、抗衰老作用机理.方法 连续30天给中、老年大鼠补充褪黑激素,用生化比色法,测定大脑皮质丙二醛(MDA)含量和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-px)、钙离子-三磷酸腺苷酶(Ca~(2+)-ATPase)活性.结果 与对照组比较,实验组大鼠大脑皮质MDA含量下降了26.8%,GSH-px和Ca~(2+)-ATPase活性增加了27.5%和12.5%.结论 褪黑激素能增强大脑皮质对氧自由基和细胞内钙离子的清除能力,对抗神经细胞过氧化和延缓神经组织衰老具有一定的作用.     

磁化水对小鼠血液过氧化氢酶及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活力的影响

将小鼠随机分为饮用磁化水的实验组及饮用自来水的对照组，在组雌鼠８只，雄鼠９只。饲养一个月，测定其血液中的过氧化氢酶（ＣＡＴ）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨ－ＰＸ）活力。结果雌、雄实验组ＣＡＴ活性均显著高于对照组；雄鼠实验组ＧＳＨ－ＰＸＩ活力显著高于对照组，雌鼠实验组ＧＳＨ－ＰＸ活力与对照组无显著差异。显示饮用一定时间磁化水的雄鼠机体处理自由基能力显著提高。雌鼠处理自由基能力有一定提高。     

维生素E对冷适应大鼠红细胞膜钠—钾—ATP酶活性及丙二醛含量 …

目的；研究膳食维生素Ｅ（ＶＥ）增强冷适应的机理。方法：用ＳＤ大鼠为研究对象，分别饲以高ＶＥ饲料（２３０ｍｇ／ｋｇ，饲料）和低ＶＥ饲料（３０ｍｇ／ｋｇ，饲料），观察大鼠红细胞膜钠－钾－ＡＴＰ酶（Ｎａ－Ｋ－ＡＴＰａｓｅ）活性和丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）含量的变化。结果：冷适应在鼠红细胞Ｎａ－Ｋ－ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性明显高于对照组，高ＶＥ摄入大鼠红细胞膜Ｎａ－Ｋ－ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性明显高于低于ＶＥ摄入且大鼠；高ＶＥ摄入     

不同药物敏感基因对人胰腺癌细胞PC-2的杀伤作用

目的比较单纯疱疹病毒胸腺嘧啶核苷激酶（ＨＳＶＴＫ）／丙氧鸟苷（ＧＣＶ）和胞嘧啶脱氨基酶（ＣＤ）／５氟胞嘧啶（５ＦＣ）两系统对人胰腺癌ＰＣ２细胞的杀伤作用。方法构建表达ＨＳＶＴＫ和ＣＤ基因的重组逆转录病毒载体,将其直接导入胰腺癌细胞;噻唑蓝法检测转化细胞对前体药物的敏感度及５０％细胞受抑制时的药物浓度,即ＩＣ５０值,并对旁观者效应进行观察比较。结果ＨＳＶＴＫ基因转化细胞ＩＣ５０值为（１０６±０１２）μｍｏｌ／Ｌ,比未转化细胞下降５５８倍;ＣＤ基因转化细胞ＩＣ５０值为（３３００±０９５）μｍｏｌ／Ｌ,比未转化细胞下降２５８倍;混合细胞中含１０％的转化细胞时,ＨＳＶＴＫ／ＧＣＶ系统的生长抑制率为３９％,ＣＤ／５ＦＣ系统为５０３％。结论两系统对胰腺癌细胞ＰＣ２均有很好的杀伤和抑制细胞生长作用,ＨＳＶＴＫ／ＧＣＶ系统的治疗指数较高,但其旁观者效应弱于ＣＤ／５ＦＣ系统     

老龄大鼠脑缺血再灌注ATP酶和自由基代谢变化及其意义

目的:从ATP酶活性变化和自由基损伤方面研究老龄大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤的机制。方法:青年(5月龄)和老龄(20月龄以上)大鼠均分为模型组和正常对照组,观察大鼠全脑缺血30min再灌注60min后ATP酶和SOD活性及MDA、Ca^2＋、Na^＋、K^＋含量。结果:老龄模型组Ca^2＋水平高于青年模型组和老龄对照组。老龄对照组脑组织Na^＋-K^＋-ATP酶低于青年对照组,老龄模型组低于青年模型组。老龄对照组Ca^2＋-ATP酶低于青年对照组,老龄模型组低于青年模型组但高于老龄对照组。老龄对照组血清和脑组织中SOD活性低于青年对照组,老龄模型组低于青年模型组。老龄模型组血清和脑组织MDA/SOD比值高于老龄对照组。结论:脑缺血再灌注损伤与钙超载和自由基损伤有关,但由于老龄大鼠脑组织ATP酶和钙含量及自由基代谢的增龄变化,使脑缺血再灌注后这些病理改变较青年大鼠更为明显并具有一定特点。     

Protective role of aminoguanidine on gentamicin-induced acute renal failure in rats

The toxicity of aminoglycosides including gentamicin (GEN), the most widely used drug in this category, is believed to be related to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the kidney. Aminoguanidine (AG) is known as an effective antioxidant and its free radical scavenger effects may protect GEN-induced acute renal failure (ARF). Therefore, this study was focused on investigating the possible protective effect of AG against GEN-induced nephrotoxicity in an in vivo rat model. We investigated the effects of AG on GEN-induced changes in renal tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) levels; nitric oxide (NO) generation; glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activities; glutathione (GSH) content; serum creatinine (Cr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels. Morphological changes in the kidney were also examined using light microscopy. GEN administration to control group rats increased renal MDA and NO levels but decreased GSH-Px, SOD, CAT activities and GSH content. AG administration with GEN injection resulted in significantly decreased MDA, NO generation and increased GSH-Px, SOD, CAT activities and GSH content when compared with GEN alone. Serum levels of Cr and BUN significantly increased as a result of nephrotoxicity. Also, AG significantly decreased Cr and BUN levels. Morphological changes in the kidney, including tubular necrosis, intracellular edema, glomerular and basement membrane alterations were evaluated qualitatively. Both biochemical findings and histopathological evidence showed that administration of AG reduced the GEN-induced kidney damage. We propose that AG acts in the kidney as a potent scavenger of free radicals to prevent the toxic effects of GEN both at the biochemical and histological level.     

Effects of melatonin on lipid peroxidation and antioxidative enzyme activities in the liver,kidneys and brain of rats administered with benzo(a)pyrene

Benzo(a)pyrene [B(a)P] is a widespread pollutant with a mutagenic, carcinogenic and strong prooxidative properties. The present study evaluated the melatonin effects on lipid peroxidation products levels and on activity of antioxidative enzymes in the course of B(a)P intoxication. Control rats were treated with 0.9% NaCl; another group was given 10 mg melatonin/kg bw; a third group was injected twice a week with B(a)P at the dose of 10 mg/kg bw; the fourth group received both B(a)P and melatonin at the dose as mentioned above. The experiment continued for 3 months. In homogenates of brain, liver and kidneys lipid peroxidation was appraised by evaluation of malonyldialdehyde and 4-hydroxyalkenal (MDA+4HDA) levels. Activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dysmutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) and concentration of reduced glutathione (GSH) were also estimated. In animals receiving both B(a)P and melatonin, lower levels of MDA+4HDA were observed in all organs as compared to the group treated with B(a)P only. Following administration of B(a)P, GSH level decreased in brain and kidney. Melatonin in combination with B(a)P induced rises in the GSH level in liver and brain, as compared to the receiving B(a)P alone. The activity of SOD increased in the rats treated with melatonin alone but the highest activity was observed in rats treated with B(a)P plus melatonin. CAT activity in the melatonin-treated group increased in brain and liver. Similar to SOD, activity of the enzyme significantly increased in the group treated in combination with B(a)P and melatonin, as compared to the remaining groups in all tested tissues. The results suggest that melatonin protects cells from the damaging action of B(a)P. According to our knowledge, there are no studies describing the effects of melatonin on lipid peroxidation markers and antioxidative enzymes during intoxication of B(a)P in the brain, liver and kidneys. The results of present study give a perspective for further studies of its free radical scavenger properties in prevention of oxidative stress dependent diseases, among others cancers caused by carcinogens such as B(a)P.     

高压氧与环孢素A对皮肤移植小鼠脾活性氧及一氧化氮含量的影响

目的:探讨高压氧与环孢素A对皮肤移植小鼠脾中活性氧、一氧化氮含量的影响。方法:供鼠BALB/C,受鼠C⁵⁷BL/6,皮肤移植,环孢素A组每日腹腔注射CsA5mg/kg,高压氧(HBO)组每日用99.2%氧气0.25MPa作用1.5h,14d后,取脾称重,测脾中丙二醛(MDA)的含量,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活性和一氧化氮(NO)的含量,一氧化氮合酶(NOS)的活性。结果:(1)移植组、高压氧组和环孢素A组的MDA含量,GSH-PX、CAT的活性均高于对照组;环孢素A组GSH-PX、CAT活性低于、SOD的活性高于移植组;高压氧组GSH-PX活性低于、CAT和SOD活性高于移植组(P<0.01)。(2)移植组的NOS活性及NO含量高于对照组;高压氧组的NO含量低于、NOS活性高于移植组(P<0.01);环孢素A组的NO含量、NOS活性变化无显著意义。结论:皮肤移植小鼠脾细胞过氧化增强,NO含量及NOS活性增高;高压氧与环孢素A对上述二个系统具有一定作用,这可能与其抑制排斥反应有关。     

Effect of Ligustrazine and Shenmai Injection on ATPase and free radical metabolism in the aged rats with myocardial injury after brain ischemia/reperfusion

Effect of Ligustrazine and Shenmai Injection on ATPase and free radical metabolism in the aged rats with myocardial injury after brain ischemia/reperfusion     

大鼠失血性休克和回输血后重要器官组织脂质过氧化及腺苷酸代谢变化

作者观察到大鼠失血性休克早期各脏器（小肠、肺、肝）ＭＤＡ含量变化不显著，甚或有减少（心、肾）；回输血后除肺外，其它脏器ＭＤＡ含量均显著增加。心、肝、肾组织ＡＴＰ及能荷回输血后仍低于对照组；ＳＯＤ、ＣＡＴ预处理后各脏器ＭＤＡ含量均显著减少，心、肝、行组织ＡＴＰ、能荷显著升高。结果提示：失血性休克回输血后多个器官组织氧自由基产生增加，能量代谢恢复亦发生障碍。ＳＯＤ、ＣＡＴ治疗可降低组织脂质过氧化反应，促进能量代谢的恢复。     

Not Only Melatonin but also Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester Protects Kidneys against Aging-related Oxidative Damage in Sprague Dawley Rats

Microscopic features and antioxidant status of kidneys of young, old, and caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) and melatonin administered old Sprague Dawley rats were evaluated. Aging-related tubular and glomerular changes were evident. The most prominent tubular alterations were massive vacuole formation, mitochondrial degeneration, and lysosome accumulation. Mean tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) level was increased, mean tissue superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) (p < .001), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities (p < .05), and total glutathione (GSH) level were decreased in old animals. Melatonin significantly reduced tissue MDA levels (p < .005), but increased tissue SOD (p < .001), CAT, and GPx activities (p < .05), and GSH levels (p < .005) in old animals. CAPE also significantly reduced tissue MDA levels (p < .005), but increased tissue SOD (p < .05), CAT (p < .005), GPx activities, and GSH levels (p < .001) in old rats. Mean tissue MDA levels of melatonin and CAPE-administered rats were even lower than those of young rats (p < .05). In conclusion, tubular and glomerular structures and tissue antioxidant enzyme activities were very well preserved in CAPE and melatonin-administered rats.     

褪黑素对衰老小鼠脑组织NO和氧自由基生成的作用

观察褪黑素对D 半乳糖衰老模型小鼠NO生成和氧自由基的作用以探讨其抗衰老机制。D 半乳糖诱导昆明小鼠衰老同时每日腹腔注射外源性褪黑素 (5mg kg)连续 8周 ,测定小鼠不同脑区NO、NOS、SOD、MDA、脂褐素的变化。模型组NO、NOS、MDA 脂褐素水平明显升高 (P <0 0 1;P <0 0 1;P <0 0 1;P <0 0 5 ) ,SOD活性明显减弱 (P <0 0 1) ,给药 (D +MT)组则上述变化逆转。褪黑素抑制NO的过度生成及减轻脂质过氧化损伤是其抗衰老机制之一