剖宫产术后再次足月妊娠172例分娩方式的探讨

目的:探讨剖宫产术后再次妊娠的分娩方式。方法;对1999年12月至2008年12月我院172例剖宫产术后再次足月妊娠孕妇的分娩方式进行回顾性分析。结果:172例中76例进行阴道试产,54例试产成功,成功率71.05%。选择性剖宫产96例,其中有手术指征的仅49例。结论:剖宫产史不是再次剖宫产的指征,应结合前次剖宫产的指征、手术方式、术后情况,本次妊娠情况及B超监测伤口情况综合考虑,符合试产条件者,严密监护下可阴道试产。     

剖宫产术后瘢痕子宫再次妊娠分娩方式探讨

目的:剖宫产术后瘢痕子宫再次妊娠分娩方式探讨。方法:对我院从2006年1月至2010年12月的剖宫产后瘢痕子宫再次妊娠的孕妇分娩方式、分娩结局及母婴并发症进行分析。将其中再次剖宫产的83例与同期随机抽取首次剖宫产的83例进行对比,将剖宫产后阴道试产成功的48例与同期随机抽取非瘢痕子宫试产成功的48例也进行比较。结果:146例中有63例选择了阴道试产,48例试产成功。剖宫产后阴道试产成功组产程出血、产程时间、新生儿并发症差异无统计学意义P>0.05;再次剖宫产组与首次剖宫产组的产程出血、产程时间及腹腔粘连情况相比差异有统计学意义P<0.05;剖宫产组与阴道分娩组相比产程出血差异有统计学意义P<0.05。结论:剖宫产术后再妊娠分娩不是剖宫产的绝对指征,符合试产条件者,在严密监护下阴道试产也是安全的。     

剖宫产术后再次妊娠216例分娩方式的选择

目的 探讨剖宫产术后再次妊娠的分娩方式。方法 对2000年1月-2005年12月我院216例剖宫产术后再次妊娠孕妇的分娩方式、分娩结局及母婴并发症进行回顾性分析。并将其中再次剖宫产（RCS）146例与随机抽取同期首次剖宫产（PCS）146例进行对照，将其中剖宫产术后阴道分娩（VBAC）70例与随机抽取同期非瘢痕子宫阴道分娩（VBNC）70例进行对照。结果 216例中95例阴道试产，70例试产成功，成功率73．7％；RCS146例，手术产率67．6％。VBAC组新生儿窒息、产后出血量、先兆子宫破裂发生率与对照组比较，差异无显著性。RCS组较VBAC组产后出血量高，平均住院天数多，经济费用高。RCS组产后出血率较PCS组高，差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。结论 剖宫产术后再次妊娠分娩并非是剖宫产绝对指征，符合试产条件者在严密监护下阴道试产是安全的。     

瘢痕子宫再次妊娠分娩方式及效果

目的：分析瘢痕子宫再次妊娠分娩方式选择及效果。方法：收集2011年1月至2013年12月间在我院分娩的43例剖宫产后瘢痕子宫再次妊娠产妇临床资料,对其进行恢复性分析总结。结果：43例产妇中13例行择期剖宫产,30例产妇行阴道试产,其中13例产妇经阴道分娩成功,阴道试产失败17例患者行剖宫产;行剖宫产的产妇出血量明显高于阴道分娩组（P〈0．05）,两种分娩方式的新生儿Apgar评分及产程时间无明显差异（P〉0．05）。结论：临床中对于瘢痕子宫再次妊娠患者应把握好阴道分娩指征,倡导行阴道试产,以最大限度地减少不必要的剖宫产。     

剖宫产术后再次妊娠177例分娩方式分析

目的探讨剖宫产术后再次妊娠的分娩方式.方法对1999年1月至2004年12月吴川市妇幼保健院177例剖宫产术后再次妊娠孕妇的分娩方式、分娩结局及母婴并发症进行回顾性分析,并将其中再次剖宫产(RCS)126例与随机抽取同期首次剖宫产(PCS)126例进行对照;将其中剖宫产术后阴道分娩(VBAC)51例与随机抽取同期非瘢痕子宫阴道分娩(VBNC)51例进行对照.结果 177例中73例行阴道试产,51例试产成功,成功率69.9%;RCS 126例,手术产率71.2%.VBAC组无新生儿窒息,产后出血量、先兆子宫破裂发生率与对照组比较差异无显著性意义.RCS产后出血量比VBAC组高,平均住院天数比VBAC组长,产后出血、严重粘连发生率均较PCS组高,差异有显著性意义(P＜0.05).结论剖宫产术后再次妊娠分娩并非是剖宫产绝对指征,符合试产条件者,严密监护下阴道试产是安全的.     

剖宫产术后再次妊娠分娩方式的临床体会

目的研究产妇在剖宫手术后,再次妊娠分娩方式的选择。方法通过分析2014年3月~2015年2月我院收治的剖宫产术后再次妊娠分娩孕妇130例,其中再次妊娠符合阴道分娩的孕妇47例为阴道分娩组,剩余的83例为再次剖宫产分娩组。分析各组的分娩情况、新生儿Apgar评分。结果两组相互比较,在新生儿窒息、子宫破裂方面比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05),而在住院时间、产后出血率方面再次剖宫产组数据高于阴道分娩组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论剖宫产术后再次妊娠,若没有再次剖宫产的指征,应当采用阴道试产,这样能够提升分娩质量,保证安全。     

182例瘢痕子宫再次妊娠分娩试产的结果分析

目的探讨瘢痕子宫再次妊娠分娩方式的选择。方法回顾2008年12月1日至2010年11月30日在新疆墨玉县人民医院产科瘢痕子宫再次妊娠分娩采用阴道试产的182例患者的临床资料并进行分析。结果瘢痕子宫再次妊娠共209例,其中182例进行了阴道试产,试产率为87.08%,成功阴道分娩130例(71.43%);失败52例(28.57%),其中子宫破裂6例(3.30%)。结论瘢痕子宫再次妊娠分娩,除有明确再次剖宫产指征者均应在严密监护下给予阴道试产机会,避免不必要的再次剖宫产。     

500例剖宫产术后再次妊娠分娩方式的临床分析

目的:探讨剖宫产术后再次妊娠分娩方式的选择。方法:收集2009年1月至2011年1月在我院产科进行分娩的剖宫产术后再次单胎妊娠孕妇500例,分为再次剖宫产组和阴道分娩组,回顾性分析两组母婴妊娠结局情况。结果:500例中208例阴道试产,146例阴道试产成功,成功率为70.2%,剖宫产者354例,剖宫产率70.8%;再次剖宫产组产后出血量、产后感染率、住院费用均高于阴道分娩组,恶露时间及住院天数均较阴道分娩组长,两者比较差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);再次剖宫产组新生儿Apgar评分、出生体重、感染、窒息及颅内出血与阴道分娩组相比,均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:剖宫产史不是剖宫产术后再次妊娠再次行剖宫产的绝对指证,符合阴道试产条件者,可在严密监护下予阴道试产。     

剖宫产术后再次妊娠分娩144例临床分析

目的:提倡自然分娩,降低再次剖宫产率。方法:回顾性分析144例疤痕子宫再次妊娠分娩资料。结果:144例中,阴道分娩63例,再次剖宫产81例。。产后出血17例,子宫全切除1例。结论:剖宫产史作为再次妊娠剖宫产的指征是不合理的,如无剖宫产指征,应给予试产。疤痕子宫再次妊娠分娩,产后出血率11.8%,应引起重视。     

剖宫产术后瘢痕子宫再次妊娠93例分娩方式探讨

目的:探讨剖宫产术后瘢痕子宫再次妊娠分娩方式的选择.方法:回顾性分析2007年1月1日至2011年10月31日我院收治的剖宫产术后瘢痕子宫再次足月妊娠93例的临床资料,分析瘢痕子宫足月分娩方式的选择.结果:93例孕妇中有38例行阴道试产,试产率为40.86％,试产成功率84.21％ (32/38),再次剖宫产率65.59％(61/93),子宫破裂发生率1.08％(1/93).阴道分娩组的产后24小时出血量及新生儿体重明显低于剖宫产组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);两组孕妇在年龄、孕周、新生儿窒息发生率、产褥病率方面相比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论:对符合阴道分娩条件的剖宫产术后瘢痕子宫再次妊娠孕妇给予阴道试产机会是可行的.     

Delivery after previous cesarean section. Experience with 173 patients]

We have taken into consideration the obstetric outcome in 173 women, with prior cesarean section, who were delivered in our hospital between june 1988 and january 1991. This group of patients represented 5.3% of our obstetric population. Overall 64 patients (37%) achieved vaginal delivery and 109 (63%) underwent an iterative cesarean section. Considering the 76 patients (44%) admitted to trial of labour, 64 (84.2%) achieved vaginal delivery and 12 (15.8%) were delivered with iterative cesarean section. No maternal or neonatal complications occurred, even though the silent dehiscence of the uterine scar, found during cesarean section, seems to occur four times (12%) more frequently than that reported in recent literature. It follows that vaginal delivery after prior cesarean section is, in our experience, lacking in risks, and we think that such management may be widely adopted. In 1986 iterative cesarean section represented 35% of cesarean section indications, in 1990 this rate was reduced to 23.7% by the introduction of a policy to allow women to undergo trial of labour.     

胎盘早剥合并胎死宫内分娩方式的探讨

目的:探讨胎盘早剥合并胎死宫内的临床处理方案及分娩方式.方法:回顾性分析1994年1月至2011年7月于北京大学第三医院产科治疗的胎盘早剥合并胎死宫内患者23例.其中阴道分娩11例(阴道分娩组),剖宫产12例(剖宫产组),比较两组年龄、分娩方式、出血量、产时及产后并发症,评价阴道分娩的安全性.结果:23例患者中,11例(47.8％)行阴道分娩,12例因阴道试产失败或因其他原因直接行剖宫产手术,其中16.7％ (2/12)因术中出血多,保守治疗无效而行次全子宫切除术.两组均无孕产妇死亡病例发生;两组患者的年龄、孕周、妊娠次数、产前出血量、产前合并症比较,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05);剖宫产组产后出血发生率(91.7％)、出血量( 1986.4±1653.3ml)均高于阴道分娩组的54.5％和928.0±737.8ml,但差异均无统计学意义(P =0.069;P=0.076).结论:胎盘早剥合并胎死宫内的患者选择恰当的时机和分娩方式可减少对患者的进一步损伤,阴道试产是一个值得肯定的分娩方式,可以尝试在严密监测和纠正凝血功能的情况下经阴道分娩.     

Rupture of the scarred uterus

OBJECTIVE: To assess the risk of uterine rupture of the scarred uterus according to mode of delivery in subsequent births recorded as spontaneous labour, labour induced by oxytocin, labour after ripening with prostaglandin E2, and planned cesarean section. METHODS: Retrospective study of 2,128 births with a low transversal scar after a previous cesarean section. The study population was realised in a level III university hospital from 1995 to 2003. The association between mode of delivery and uterine rupture was studied in a multivariate logistic regression model, and adjusted for specific antenatal confounding factors. RESULTS: Over 9 years, we collected 22 cases (1%), including 11 asymptomatic ruptures in a population of 2,128 scarred uteri out of 28,248 deliveries. Uterine rupture occurred at a rate of 0.3 per 100 among women with repeated cesarean delivery without labour, 1 per 100 among women with spontaneous onset of labour, 1.4 per 100 among women with oxytocin-induced labour, and 2.2 per 100 among women with prostaglandin cervical ripening. Compared to women with a planned cesarean section, women with spontaneous onset of labour were more likely to have uterine rupture (OR: 4.0; 95% CI: 0.8-42.0). A greater relative risk was observed among women with oxytocin-induced labour (OR: 4.3; 95% CI: 0.3-60.0), and particularly those with prostaglandin-induced labour (OR: 8.7; 95% CI: 1.5-97.3, p=0.01). CONCLUSION: In women with a scarred uterus, prostaglandin E2 induction of labour is a risk factor for uterine rupture. The practice of a systematic cesarean section in cases with Bishop score<3, appropriate induction procedure, and rigorous monitoring of the labour, could make for a safer delivery.     

临产后剖宫产率及适应证变化对总剖宫产率影响的分析

目的探讨临产后剖宫产率及适应证变化对总剖宫产率的影响。方法总结1990、1996及2002年各年1～6月所有完整在案的临产后剖宫产病历458例，各分为有适应证组及无适应证组，分析其剖宫产率变化及适应证变化。结果临产后剖宫产率占临产后总分娩人数的比例呈上升趋势。1990年及1996年各为22．O％及20．8％，2002年为39．4％。在有无适应证两组对比中，2002年无产科适应证而手术者的比例与前两年相比明显增加，1990年及1996年无适应证组的剖宫产数占临产后总剖宫产数的比例分别为33．84％及32．58％，而2002年无适应证组的剖宫产数占临产后总剖宫产数的比例为63．37％。在有产科剖宫产适应证者中，“试产失败”的比例2002年与1990年及1996年比较明显增加，1990、1996及2002年各为11．45％、16．67％及25．81％。胎儿窘迫的比例则下降，1990、1996及2002年各为25．19％、21．67％及12．90％。结论临产后剖宫产率的增加是近年来剖宫产率逐年增高的重要原因之一。重视社会因素，加强孕产期宣教及保健，重视潜伏期及第一产程的管理监护及心理护理问题，是降低临产后剖宫产率的重要措施之一。     

Obstetrical prognosis of labour induction with mifepristone after 41 weeks of gestation

OBJECTIVE: To compare the mode of delivery in two groups of patients selected by their response after induction of labour with mifepristone. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We studied retrospectively 89 cases of labour induction with viable children after 41 weeks of gestation. Bishop scores were less than 6. Patients were given 200 mg of mifepristone per day for 48 h. They were retrospectively divided into group 1 (spontaneous onset of labour or premature rupture of membranes before the third day) and group 2 (not in labour by that date). RESULTS: The mean Bishop score at inclusion was 3.1 +/- 1.3. Among the 51 patients (53.9%) in group 1, one required prostaglandins and we performed 10 cesarean sections. In group 2, the mean Bishop score at the 3rd day was 4.4 +/- 1.3 (P < 0.0001). Twenty-four patients required prostaglandins (P < 0.0001) and we performed 17 cesarean sections (P = 0.01). The number of cesarean sections increased with the dose of prostaglandins (P = 0.025). We observed no maternal or fetal complications. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: Mifepristone was successful in inducing labour spontaneously in over 50% of pregnancies after 41 weeks of gestation. In the other group, the probability of vaginal delivery was reduced especially when high doses of prostaglandins were required. After the use of mifepristone, we suggest to shorten the duration of prostaglandin administration (two applications of 2 mg dinoprostone) before performing cesarean section.     

Dinoprostone: slow release vaginal insert (Propess) and intracervical gel (Prepidil) for the induction of labour with unriped cervix

AIM: The purpose of the present study is to compare the effectiveness and safety of a slow release vaginal PGE2 insert (Propess) with intracervical PGE2 gel (Prepidil gel) in the induction of cervical ripening and labour. METHODS: For the induction of labour we selected 103 single pregnancies at term presenting a Bishop score of less than 5. Fifty-one were induced with Propess, and 52 with intracervical Prepidil. RESULTS: The 2 groups were homogeneous as regards indications to induction and obstetric characteristics. The success of induction (achievement of uncomplicated vaginal delivery) was comparable in the 2 groups: Propess 67%, Prepidil 65%. The times needed to induce labour were on average longer with Propess (16 h 59 min) than with Prepidil (12 h 54 min), (p<0.05); nevertheless the time needed to achieve delivery by the vaginal route within 24 hours was comparable (49% vs 48%). The number of patients requiring more than one application of prostaglandin was less in the Propess group (5.9%) than in the Prepidil group (55.8%) (p<0.001). The times relative to dilation and expulsion did not differ significantly. Resort to cesarean section for fetal indication (cardiotocographic changes) was greater in inductions with Prepidil (8 cases) compared to Propess (2 cases), p<0.05. CONCLUSION: The systems proved equally effective, nevertheless Propess seems to be safer thanks to the lower incidence of cardiotocographic changes such as to indicate urgent cesarean section. Propess would seem to be more acceptable on the part of patients thanks to the smaller number of applications necessary.     

Mode of delivery in breech presentation at term: increased neonatal morbidity with vaginal delivery

OBJECTIVE: To compare the neonatal outcome in planned vaginal delivery and planned cesarean section in term singleton pregnancies with breech presentation in a Scandinavian clinic with a high rate of vaginal breech delivery. METHODS: A retrospective study including 1050 term singleton breech pregnancies delivered at a Swedish tertiary referral center during 1988 to 2000. For 699 patients (67%) a vaginal delivery was planned, of whom 603 (86%) were delivered vaginally. In 327 (31%) cases a cesarean section was planned and performed. These two groups were compared regarding rates of acidemia at birth (cord artery pH <7.05), low Apgar scores and neonatal neurological morbidity. Long term sequels among infants with a complicated neonatal course were also identified. RESULTS: Acidemia at birth, Apgar score below 7 at 5 minutes, and referral to neonatal intensive care unit all occurred at higher rates in planned vaginal delivery (5.3%, 3.6%, and 8.9%, respectively), than in planned cesarean delivery (0, 0, and 4.0%). The rate of neonatal neurological morbidity was 24/699 (3.4%) in planned vaginal delivery (18 cases with cerebral symptoms and six cases of brachial plexus palsy) compared to one case (cerebral symptoms) after a planned cesarean. These differences were all statistically significant (p< or =0.002). Of the neurologically affected neonates, two died and four had cerebral palsy (one delivered by planned cesarean section) at follow up. CONCLUSION: Neonatal morbidity may be reduced with planned cesarean delivery in breech presentation, also in a Scandinavian setting.     

The effect of pregnancy and mode of delivery on the prevalence of urinary and fecal incontinence

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the relative effects of pregnancy and mode of delivery on the prevalence of urinary and fecal incontinence. STUDY DESIGN: This was a prospective, observational multicenter study of women presenting to 6 gynecology clinics. Demographic data collected included: height, weight, gravidity, parity, and number of vaginal deliveries. Patients were diagnosed with incontinence by questionnaire. Standard univariate logistic regression analyses' were performed to determine the contribution of pregnancy, mode of delivery, and BMI on the prevalence of urinary and fecal incontinence. RESULTS: One thousand and four women were enrolled over an 18-month period. Two hundred and thirty-seven and 128 subjects had urinary and fecal incontinence, respectively. Odds ratio (95% CI) calculated for the prevalence of urinary incontinence by pregnancy and mode of delivery were: any term pregnancy vs no term pregnancy was 2.46 (1.53-3.95), any term pregnancy but no vaginal deliveries (cesarean section only) vs no term pregnancy was 1.95 (0.99-3.80), any term pregnancy and at least 1 vaginal delivery vs no term pregnancy was 2.53 (1.57-4.07), and any term pregnancy but no vaginal delivery (cesarean section only) vs any term pregnancy, and at least 1 vaginal delivery was 1.30 (0.77-3.95). Odds ratio (95% CI) calculated for the prevalence of fecal incontinence by pregnancy and mode of delivery were: any term pregnancy vs no term pregnancy was 2.26 (1.22-4.19), any term pregnancy but no vaginal deliveries (cesarean section only) vs no term pregnancy was 1.13 (0.43-2.96), any term pregnancy and at least 1 vaginal delivery vs no term pregnancy was 2.41 (1.30-4.49), and any term pregnancy but no vaginal deliveries (cesarean section only) vs any term pregnancy, and at least 1 vaginal delivery was 2.15 (0.97-4.77). BMI and age did not impact these results. CONCLUSION: Pregnancy increases the risk of urinary and fecal incontinence. Cesarean section does not decrease the risk of urinary or fecal incontinence compared to pregnancy with a vaginal delivery.     

The study of maternal and fetal plasma catecholamines levels during pregnancy and delivery.

BACKGROUND: To study maternal and fetal plasma levels of catecholamines (CA) during pregnancy and delivery, especially changes in CA levels during fetal distress and conditions of different modes of delivery. METHODS: Maternal and fetal plasma NE, E and DA levels were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for 16 non-pregnant women, 19 cases of early pregnancy, 17 cases of mid pregnancy, late pregnancy, spontaneous vaginal delivery and 53 cases of cesarean section. RESULTS: Plasma NE and DA levels decreased gradually with the advance of gestational weeks, and levels of plasma NE were significantly lower than those of non-pregnant women (P < 0.05). The levels of plasma CA in patients who had elective cesarean section were significantly lower than those who had vaginal delivery and emergency cesarean section (P < 0.01). However, CA levels of the cord artery in the vaginal delivery group were significantly higher than those in the cesarean section group (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Vaginal delivery is better than cesarean section for the newborn. If cesarean section is necessary, it is best for the newborn after onset of labor.     

剖宫产术后再次妊娠分娩方式的探讨

目的:探讨剖宫产术后再次妊娠合理的分娩方式,以期降低再次剖宫产率.方法:收集我院产科2007 ～ 2010年收治的342例剖宫产术后再次妊娠孕妇的临床资料进行回顾性分析,根据妊娠合并的高危因素(胎盘位置异常或子宫切口异常等),分为“高危”瘢痕子宫妊娠组和“普通”瘢痕子宫妊娠组,同时将“普通”瘢痕子宫妊娠组孕妇按照分娩方式分为经阴道分娩组(VBAC组)和再次剖宫产组(RCS组),并对两组的分娩结局、母婴并发症及医疗费用等进行分析.结果:342例孕妇中,“高危”瘢痕子宫妊娠组86例,“普通”瘢痕子宫妊娠组256例,其中VBAC组12例,RCS组244例.RCS组中因社会因素手术者117例,占47.95％;VBAC组孕妇平均出血量、住院时间和住院费用均低于RCS组(P＜0.05).RCS组新生儿因RDS转NICU的发生率、NICU住院时间和平均住院费用均高于VBAC组(P＜0.05).结论:对剖宫产术后再次妊娠者孕期应行详尽检查,筛选出胎盘位置异常或子宫切口异常等“高危”瘢痕子宫妊娠孕妇;其余应合理选择阴道试产,降低因社会因素导致的再次剖宫产率.