人参五灵脂水煎液配伍对免疫低下小鼠免疫功能的影响

采用腹腔注射环磷酰胺（ＣＹ）造成小鼠免疫功能低下模型，以免疫器官重量，溶血素抗体（ＩｇＭ）形成，腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬功能炎观察指标。在分别以人参煎液，五灵脂煎液，人参五灵脂混合煎液灌胃给药后发现，人参配五灵脂与单用人参或五灵脂均能明显增加小鼠胸腺重量（Ｐ＜０．０１）；促进溶血素抗体形成；提高腹腔巨噬细胞的蚕噬率和蚕噬指数。表明人参五灵脂配伍对单味的免疫增强作用无明显影响。     

人参畏五灵脂小议

人参畏五灵脂小议吴仲池（浙江省金华市人民医院３２１０００）人参畏五灵脂是中药“二九畏”的内容之一，历来被视为中药的配伍禁忌。但古今医家持异议者不乏其人，两药同用者屡见不鲜。为了促进中药理论研究的开展，笔者就收集到的手头资料，不揣浅陋，对此两药是否“相...     

人参五灵脂配伍对小鼠四氯化碳肝损伤影响的实验研究

人参五灵脂配伍对小鼠四氯化碳肝损伤影响的实验研究（湖南中医学院４１０００７）郭国华，鲁耀邦，武幽兰，陈建国，宋浩，宋力飞主题词人参／药理学，五灵脂／药理学，中药配伍人参与五灵脂配伍属中药传统十九畏的范畴，历代医家在临床处方用药时大多不敢贸然合用。为了...     

人参与五灵脂配伍对实验动物毒性的影响

小鼠急性毒性试验表明,人参、五灵脂配伍,口服不具毒性,腹腔注射呈毒性增加趋势;大鼠亚急性毒性试验显示,两者配伍对白细胞总数及分类、血小板计数、血红蛋白含量、血清谷丙转氨酶活力、尿素氮等均无明显影响。     

人参 五灵脂配伍对人参补气作用影响的初步药效学研究

目的:利用现代药理学方法初步探讨十九畏中人参、五灵脂配伍对人参补气作用的影响。方法:以人参单煎液、五灵脂单煎液及人参、五灵脂不同比例配伍混煎液(1∶1、1∶2、2∶1)灌胃给药7天后,观察小鼠游泳时间、耐寒、耐缺氧时间,测定胸腺指数、脾指数及肝糖元含量。结果:配伍组对正常小鼠游泳时间、耐寒、耐缺氧时间及胸腺指数、肝糖元含量均有增强作用(P<0.05),且以人参、五灵脂2∶1配伍组尤为明显,与人参组比较有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论:研究结果表明,人参与五灵脂配伍对人参补气作用的影响表现为相使配伍,这与传统的理论认识具有明显不同,需要更多的理论和实验支撑。     

人参,五灵脂合用的抗应激,抗肿瘤实验研究

人参和五灵脂并用属传统的配伍禁忌。本实验表明：两者合用对实验动物并未产生毒性反应，相反却显示了强于单味人参的抗应激作用，并能抑制小鼠艾氏腹水癌细胞的活性。     

人参不怕五灵脂刍议

人参不怕五灵脂刍议福建南平地区医院林纬芬，张文兵（３５４２００）自五灵脂用于临床，先贤经实践后，认为人参、五灵脂同时使用有＂相恶＂＂相反＂的恶果。本草、方剂书籍中每述及人参、五灵脂时，基本载有其＂相恶＂＂相反＂、不可同剂使用甚至不可同日服用的清规戒律...     

浅议人参的配伍禁忌

人参，是临床中最重要的补气药，历代医家认为人参反藜芦、畏五灵脂、恶莱菔子，临床不宜配伍应用。但在临床实践及古医籍中亦有人参与藜芦、五灵脂、莱菔子同用的记载，因此在临床实践中应结合具体情况进行配伍。     

人参、五灵脂配伍研究现状与分析

<正>"十九畏"是中药配伍禁忌的主要内容,其歌诀最早见于《医经小学》,人参与五灵脂配伍属于十九畏的反药药对之一,二者能否同用历代医家至今无统一观点。部分医者认为人参、五灵脂被纳入配伍禁忌范畴,是古人临床经验的总结,二者同用可能会对机体产生毒副作用;而一些医家则使用含有人参、五灵脂反药组合的方药治疗沉疴痼疾,且取得了较好的效果。笔者以中国期刊全文数据库1990年1月至今所登载的相关文献数     

人参和西洋参的化学物质指纹图谱初步研究

建立了人参和西洋参的化合物指纹图谱的研究方法。利用气相色谱质谱(GC-MS)、高效液相色谱联用质谱(HPLC-MS)、毛细管电泳(CE)方法对人参和西洋参的提取物中的弱极性、中等极性和强极性成分分别进行分析,并指认各模式指纹谱中的主要色谱峰。用这种方法可较全面地反映人参和西洋参的化合物,为人参药材的鉴别和质量控制提供有效的方法。     

Chemopreventive effect of Panax ginseng

Asian ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer) has been used in Chinese medicine for two thousand years. The root of ginseng contains several saponins (ginsenosides) which are biologically active compounds. Individual ginsenosides suppress tumor cell growth, induce cell differentiation, regulate apoptosis and inhibit metastasis formation. The aim of this study was to evaluate its chemo‐preventive effects in an animal test model, through its regulatory effects on apoptosis and the cell cycle. The expression of genes (Bcl‐2, Bcl‐x and Cyclin D1) which affect apoptosis were examined, in different organs of animals which had consumed a ginseng‐containing diet in the presence of a known carcinogen (DMBA). The pattern of gene expression was determined by Q‐RT‐PCR. The increase of antiapoptotic gene expression after carcinogenic exposure was suppressed by consumption of ginseng which promoted apoptosis. The population is exposed to numerous physical and chemical insults in the modern environment and these include compounds which are known carcinogens. Research has shown that it is possible to interfere with the multi‐step process of carcinogenesis through the use of compounds with chemo‐preventive effects, such as the inhibition of the activation of antiapoptotic genes. These results support the efficacy of ginseng‐containing diets and dietary supplements in the prevention of cancerous diseases. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Effects of Raphani Semen on anti-fatigue and pharmacokinetics of Panax ginseng

Objective: To explain the phenomenon that Panax ginseng is not compatible with Raphani Semen based on pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics.Methods: The forced swimming time and biochemical parameters such as blood lactate(BLA), serum urea nitrogen(SUN), and hepatic glycogen(GLU) were determined for anti-fatigue experiment. The UPLCMS/MS was used to analyze the pharmacokinetics of Rg1, Re, Rb1, and Rd after orally administration of P. ginseng and P. ginseng combined with Raphani Semen to rats. Pharmacokinetic differences of four ginsenosides between single uses of P. ginseng and combined with Raphani Semen were investigated.Results: The results showed that Raphani Semen tended to significantly reduce the anti-fatigue activity of P. ginseng. Co-administration of P. ginseng and Raphani Semen had significant effects on the pharmacokinetics of the four ginsenosides in rats compared to that observed with P. ginseng extract alone. The AUC0–12 hvalues of the four ginsenosides in PG group were higher than the corresponding values in the PR group. It can be inferred that Raphani Semen decreased the blood exposure of the four ginsenosides in rats when it combined with P. ginseng.Conclusion: The anti-fatigue activity and pharmacokinetic results showed that Raphani Semen may reduce the pharmacological actions of P. ginseng.     

人参提取工艺研究

以人参皂甙Ｒｇ１及人参二醇为检测指标,考究了不同提取工艺对人参各有效成分含量的影响,并探讨了乙醇回流提取的最佳工艺条件。筛选制定了确保人参制剂质量及疗效的提取工艺。     

人参年龄的研究进展

人参的生长年龄被认为是影响人参品质的重要因素。总结近40年来与人参年龄相关的研究成果,着重于人参年龄与根的生物量、皂苷、多糖、微量元素等的相关性,并得出以下结论:大部分研究集中于7年以下的栽培参,对高年龄人参(>7年)的研究较少;1~7年人参根的生物量、总皂苷量、还原型糖量等都随着其生长年龄的增加而呈非线性增长,但增长模式受生长环境的显著影响;人参地下茎的不同部位各种单体皂苷和微量元素的量差异大于不同年龄个体间的差异,不同地区的人参其单体皂苷和微量元素量变化也较大,没有发现存在一致的年龄-含量变化模式;高年龄的野山参其总皂苷的量以及锶、钡、铝等微量元素明显高于6~7年栽培参,但其他成分未见显示差异;7年以上人参的有效成分的变化规律应该是未来人参年龄研究的重点。     

紫外分光光度法测定微量人参木质素的含量

目的:建立微量人参木质素含量测定的紫外分光光度法。方法:采用经典的K lason法和紫外分光光度法。结果:紫外分光光度法测得的木质素含量较K lason法高,且重复性和精密度更高。人参木质素特征性吸收峰出现在260 nm波长处。紫外分光光度法的溴乙酰处理条件为70℃保温30 m in。不同类型人参在木质素含量上有较大差异。结论:紫外分光光度法简便易行、快速准确,测定所需材料微量,适用于人参等名贵中药材的木质素含量测定。     

不同海拔高度对人参总皂苷含量的影响

目的：研究人参总皂苷含量随海拔的变化趋势,为人参药材的道地性开发和人参适宜栽培区域的划分提供科学的依据。方法：采集不同海拔、不同年生人参,采用索氏提取法提取人参根中的人参总皂苷,并用比色法测定人参总皂苷含量。结果：人参总皂苷的含量随着年生的增长而增加;在集安、珲春及抚松地区,人参总皂苷的含量随海拔升高而升高;在长白高海拔地区,人参总皂苷的含量随海拔的升高而降低;在同海拔地区,集安地区人参总皂苷含量明显高于抚松地区。结论：海拔400～952m人参总皂苷含量较高,是人参栽培的适宜海拔高度。     

人参红皮病发病原因探讨

本文从侵染性因素和非侵染性因素两个方面进行研究,诱发处理结果表明,非浸染性因素对人参红皮病的发生不起决定作用,而侵染性因素诱导易发病。试验证明,侵染源和人参处于不良环境是诱发病害的两个主导因素。     

高效液相色谱-电喷雾质谱法鉴别人参、西洋参和三七的皂苷提取物

 目的采用高效液相色谱-电喷雾质谱法(HPLC/ESI-MSn)研究人参、三七和西洋参中不同皂苷提取物的组成,以期建立快速高效的鉴别方法。方法通过与人参皂苷对照品比较和对碰撞诱导解离(CID)质谱图的解析鉴定各皂苷提取物的主要成分。结果共计鉴定32种皂苷成分。通过对比,发现了各皂苷提取物中的标识性成分。结论采用高效液相色谱-电喷雾质谱法能够快速高效地鉴别人参、三七和西洋参的不同皂苷提取物,具有很高的实用价值。     

Panax ginseng reduces adriamycin-induced heart failure in rats

The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effects of Panax ginseng on adriamycin-induced heart failure. Wistar rats were divided into four groups: control, adriamycin, ginseng and adriamycin with ginseng. Adriamycin (cumulative dose, 15 mg/kg) was administered to rats in six equal intraperitoneal injections over a period of 2 weeks. Ginseng was administered via an oral feeding tube once a day for 30 days (cumulative dose, 150 g/kg). At the end of the 5 week post-treatment period, the hearts of the rats were used to study the synthesis rates of DNA, RNA and protein, myocardial antioxidants and lipid peroxidation. At the end of 3 weeks treatment, heart failure was characterized by ascites, congested liver and depressed cardiac function. Nucleic acid as well as protein synthesis was inhibited, lipid peroxidation was increased and myocardial glutathione peroxidase activity was decreased indicating adriamycin-induced heart failure. In contrast, the administration of ginseng, before and concurrent with adriamycin, significantly attenuated the myocardial effects, lowered the mortality as well as the amount of ascites, increased in myocardial glutathione peroxidase, macromolecular biosynthesis and superoxide dismutase activities, with a concomitant decrease in lipid peroxidation. These findings indicated that ginseng may be partially protective against adriamycin-induced heart failure.