两种肺功能检测在哮喘患儿中应用的比较研究

目的　观察流速 容量曲线 (F V)和脉冲振荡 (IOS)检测的相关性和异常检出率符合情况。探讨IOS检测结果判定和临床应用。方法　采用德国Jaeger公司的MastscreenIOS测定仪 ,对 5 0例哮喘患儿进行F V和IOS检测及支气管舒张试验 ,并对两种检测方法各指标进行相关分析及异常符合率比较 ,选择第一秒用力呼气容积 (FEV1)、用力呼气肺活量 (FVC)、5 0 %肺活量最大呼气流量 (MEF50 )、2 5 %肺活量最大呼气流量 (MEF2 5)、呼吸阻抗 (Zrs)、总气道阻力 (R5)、中心气道阻力 (R2 0 )、周边弹性阻力 (X5)、响应频率 (Fres)。结果　支气管舒张试验后FEV1、MEF50 、MEF2 5、FVC较基础有明显的升高 ,而Fres、Zrs、R5、R2 0 、X5均有显著的下降 (P <0 0 0 1) ,表明支气管阻塞症状缓解。且基础和用药后FEV1、MEF50 、MEF2 5、FVC分别与Fres、Zrs、R5、R2 0 、X5均有显著的相关性。当FEV1基本正常 (>80 % ) ,Zrs、R5、X5已有增高 ,提示IOS检测的灵敏度高于FEV1。结论　IOS检测与常规的F V检测有很好的相关性 ,IOS检测操作简单 ,受试者不必做特殊的呼吸动作 ,尤其适合于儿童 ,特别是学龄前儿童     

脉冲振荡肺功能用于儿童气道反应性测定价值研究

目的探讨脉冲振荡肺功能(IOS)在儿童气道反应性测定中的价值及阳性判断标准。方法收集成都市儿童医院2007年6月至2009年6月呼吸专科门诊患儿123例,年龄4～16岁,临床均疑似诊断为咳嗽变异性哮喘。以乙酰甲胆碱为激发物,采用德国Jaeger公司肺功能仪(MSCPC-APS)APS,根据2个浓度10步给药法规程测定,以激发后第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)下降20%为阳性判断金标准,同步测定IOS肺功能各参数:包括共振频率(Fres)、呼吸总阻抗(Zrs)、总气道阻力(R5)、中心气道阻力(R20)、5Hz时电抗值(X5),比较FEV1与IOS各参数在激发阳性组和阴性组的差异,FEV1与IOS各参数的相关性,并用ROC曲线分析IOS各参数的准确度。结果激发试验阳性组与阴性组两组基线差异无统计学意义,阳性组占受检儿童的54.5%,IOS各参数中以X5、Zrs、R5与FEV1呈显著直线相关,ROC曲线下面积X5>Zrs>R5X5,较基础值增加47.15%,(灵敏度65.67%,特异度73.21%);Zrs较基础值增加28.90%(灵敏度62.69%,特异度64.29%,);R5较基础值增加34.70%(灵敏度47...     

哮喘儿童支气管舒张试验中大小气道功能指标变化对比研究

目的 探讨儿童哮喘发作时支气管舒张试验中大小气道功能指标变化的临床意义.方法 选择2012年10月至2014年4月哮喘初次发作患儿51例,采用Master Screen肺功能仪,在雾化吸入硫酸沙丁胺醇前、后进行肺功能检测;比较用力肺活量(FVC)、呼气峰流速(PEF)、1秒用力肺活量(FEV1)、1秒率(FEV1/FVC)、最大呼气中段流量(MMEF)、用力呼气流速(FEF)25、FEF50、FEF75的变化.结果 51例患儿的平均年龄(7.30±2.33)岁.患儿哮喘发作时支气管舒张试验总阳性率58.8%,并有随病情加重而升高的趋势;与舒张试验前比较,舒张试验后大小气道各指标的绝对值、占预计值百分比均明显增加,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.01);以代表大气道指标的FEV1改善率≥12%判定为舒张试验阳性,阳性率58.8%;以代表小气道指标的MMEF改善率≥25%判定为舒张试验阳性,阳性率70.6%,两者比较差异无统计学意义(P=0.214).结论 哮喘发作患儿FEV1基础值>70%亦可行支气管舒张实验,同时结合大、小气道指标以判断气道可逆性可以更全面反映哮喘的病情严重程度.     

学龄前儿童哮喘脉冲振荡法肺功能测定的临床意义

目的：　探讨脉冲振荡法用于学龄前儿童哮喘肺功能测定的临床意义。方法：　采用德国Jaeger公司生产的IOS肺功能仪和Masterlab设备测定呼吸生理参数。结果：　与1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1.0%)相比,呼吸总阻抗(Zrs),外周弹性阻力 (X5)异常率较高,IOS各参数中X5最敏感(P<0.05),肺功能改善与吸入皮质激素疗程有关。结论：　IOS用于学龄前儿童哮喘肺功能测定是可行的,能更敏感的反映小气道阻力变化。     

脉冲振荡肺功能与常规肺通气功能评估儿童支气管哮喘控制水平的比较

目的对比分析脉冲振荡肺功能(IOS)与常规肺通气功能(PFT)在儿童哮喘控制水平评估中的作用。方法本研究为横断面研究。选择2020年3月至12月就诊于山东第一医科大学附属省立医院儿科门诊及住院的支气管哮喘患儿323例, 按儿童哮喘控制测试(C-ACT)评分分为控制组(123例)、未控制组(200例)。两组患儿均行PFT[第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、第1秒用力呼气容积占用力肺活量比值(FEV1/FVC)、最大呼气流量(PEF)、用力呼气50%肺活量的瞬间流量(FEF50)、用力呼气75%肺活量的瞬间流量(FEF75)、最大呼气中期流量(MMEF)]和IOS[频率在5 Hz时的呼吸系统总阻抗(Z5)、频率在5 Hz时的阻抗(R5)、频率在20 Hz时的阻抗(R20)、频率在5 Hz时的电抗(X5)、频率在5 Hz时的阻抗-频率在20 Hz时的阻抗(R5-R20)、电抗面积(AX)、共振频率(Fres)]检测。数据采用SPSS 25.0软件进行统计学分析, 组间比较采用方差分析或Mann-Whitney U秩和检验, 绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线判断PFT与IOS参数对哮喘未控制的预...     

支气管哮喘4～7岁患儿脉冲振荡肺功能异常与正常分界点的确定

目的探讨4~7岁哮喘患儿脉冲振荡肺功能(IOS)异常与正常值的分界点。方法选择正常患儿124例,发作期哮喘儿童160例,采用Mastscreen IOS肺功能仪进行IOS测定,计算IOS主要参数在不同预计值水平判断肺功能异常的敏感度与特异度。结果哮喘患儿IOS参数与正常儿童显著不同,以呼吸总阻抗(Zrs)≥115%正常预计值作为肺功能异常时,其对哮喘诊断的敏感度和特异度均为0.68;以总呼吸道黏性阻力(R5)≥115%正常预计值作为异常时,其敏感度和特异度则分别为0.61和0.63;而以电抗(X5)≥110%正常预计值作为异常时,其敏感度和特异度分别为0.84和0.81。结论对哮喘患儿进行IOS测试时,应将Zrs、R5≥115%正常预计值,X5≥110%正常预计值作为判断异常指标。     

昆明市5~14岁儿童肺通气功能参数实测值与Zap

目的 研究昆明市5~14岁健康儿童肺通气功能主要参数实测值占Zapletal方程式预计值的百分比,为临床准确判断肺通气功能提供依据。方法 纳入昆明市5~14岁健康儿童702名,其中男352名,女350名。采用Jaeger肺功能仪测定用力肺活量（FVC）、第1秒用力呼气容积（FEV1）、1秒率（FEV1/FVC）、最大中期呼气流量（MMEF）、用力呼气25%肺活量时瞬时流量（FEF25）、用力呼气50%肺活量时瞬时流量（FEF50）、用力呼气75%肺活量时瞬时流量（FEF75）、最高呼气流量（PEF）、每分钟最大通气量（MVV）,共9项指标,以肺功能仪中提供的Zalpetal预计值公式得出的数值作为所选择儿童的预计值,计算其实测值占预计值的百分比。结果 在702名儿童中,肺通气功能主要参数PEF、FVC、FEV1、FEV1/FVC、MVV实测值占预计值百分比的均值分别波动于102%~114%、94%~108%、98%~113%、98%~107%、141%~183%。气道流速指标功能参数FEF25、FEF50、FEF75、MMEF实测值占预计值百分比分别波动于98%~116%、85%~102%、71%~98%、83%~100%。各参数PEF、FVC、FEV1、FEV1/FVC、MVV、FEF25、FEF50、FEF75、MMEF实测值占Zapletal方程式预计值百分比的下限分别为88.2%、88.4%、92.0%、94.4%、118.5%、82.9%、70.0%、62.1%、70.1%。结论 昆明地区5~14岁健康儿童肺通气功能参数水平与Zapletal方程式提供的正常值存在一定差异;该地区此年龄段的健康儿童肺通气功能参数PEF、FVC、FEV、FEV1/FVC、MVV、FEF25、FEF50、FEF75、MMEF实测值占预计值百分比的正常参考值下限可考虑分别设为88.2%、88.4%、92.0%、94.4%、118.5%、82.9%、70.0%、62.1%、70.1%。     

昆明市5~14岁儿童肺通气功能参数实测值与Zap

目的 研究昆明市5~14岁健康儿童肺通气功能主要参数实测值占Zapletal方程式预计值的百分比,为临床准确判断肺通气功能提供依据。方法 纳入昆明市5~14岁健康儿童702名,其中男352名,女350名。采用Jaeger肺功能仪测定用力肺活量（FVC）、第1秒用力呼气容积（FEV1）、1秒率（FEV1/FVC）、最大中期呼气流量（MMEF）、用力呼气25%肺活量时瞬时流量（FEF25）、用力呼气50%肺活量时瞬时流量（FEF50）、用力呼气75%肺活量时瞬时流量（FEF75）、最高呼气流量（PEF）、每分钟最大通气量（MVV）,共9项指标,以肺功能仪中提供的Zalpetal预计值公式得出的数值作为所选择儿童的预计值,计算其实测值占预计值的百分比。结果 在702名儿童中,肺通气功能主要参数PEF、FVC、FEV1、FEV1/FVC、MVV实测值占预计值百分比的均值分别波动于102%~114%、94%~108%、98%~113%、98%~107%、141%~183%。气道流速指标功能参数FEF25、FEF50、FEF75、MMEF实测值占预计值百分比分别波动于98%~116%、85%~102%、71%~98%、83%~100%。各参数PEF、FVC、FEV1、FEV1/FVC、MVV、FEF25、FEF50、FEF75、MMEF实测值占Zapletal方程式预计值百分比的下限分别为88.2%、88.4%、92.0%、94.4%、118.5%、82.9%、70.0%、62.1%、70.1%。结论 昆明地区5~14岁健康儿童肺通气功能参数水平与Zapletal方程式提供的正常值存在一定差异;该地区此年龄段的健康儿童肺通气功能参数PEF、FVC、FEV、FEV1/FVC、MVV、FEF25、FEF50、FEF75、MMEF实测值占预计值百分比的正常参考值下限可考虑分别设为88.2%、88.4%、92.0%、94.4%、118.5%、82.9%、70.0%、62.1%、70.1%。     

5～14岁哮喘患儿呼出气一氧化氮检测与气道可逆性相关性研究

目的　探讨哮喘患儿呼出气一氧化氮（FeNO）水平与气道可逆性的相关性及其在哮喘患儿病情评估中的临床意义。方法　选取2014年11月至2015年11月于中国医科大学附属盛京医院小儿呼吸内科门诊就诊的5～14岁哮喘患儿161例,根据病情分为过敏组与非过敏组,2组均进行FeNO及支气管舒张试验测定,分析2组患儿FeNO水平与支气管舒张改善率的相关性。结果　（1）过敏组的哮喘患儿FeNO水平明显高于非过敏组（P＝0.002）。（2）过敏组的哮喘患儿FeNO水平与支气管舒张的改善率呈显著正相关（P＜0.05）,与基础肺功能1秒用力呼气容积占预计值的百分比（FEV1%）、1秒率占预计值的百分比（FEV1/FVC%）、50%用力呼气流速占预计值的百分比（FEF50%）、25%用力呼气流速占预计值的百分比（FEF25%）、中段呼气流速占预计值的百分比（FEF75/25%）呈负相关（P＜0.05）,与用力肺活量占预计值的百分比（FVC%）、用力呼气峰流速占预计值的百分比（PEF%）、75%用力呼气流速占预计值的百分比（FEF75%）无明显相关性（P＞0.05）;（3）非过敏组的哮喘患儿FeNO水平与支气管舒张改善率及基础肺功能均无明显相关性（P＞0.05）。结论　对于存在过敏体质的哮喘患儿,FeNO水平与气道可逆性存在显著正相关,可作为该类哮喘患儿预测气道可逆性及评估哮喘病情的一个良好的无创性指标。而对于无过敏体质的哮喘患儿,FeNO水平则不能有效反映其气道可逆性变化。     

不同给药方法对潮气肺功能支气管舒张试验结果的影响观察

目的　探讨影响潮气肺功能支气管舒张试验参数改善的因素,为婴幼儿哮喘的诊断提供参考依据。方法　选择2017年3月至2018年6月就诊于首都儿科研究所哮喘门诊、经临床明确诊断为支气管哮喘且处于急性发作期（喘息发作≤7 d）的71例婴幼儿,将患儿依就诊顺序分为气雾剂组20例及雾化组51例,前者采用定量气雾剂给予支气管舒张剂,后者采用雾化吸入给予支气管舒张剂。2组患儿均进行潮气肺功能支气管舒张试验,比较两种给药方式对支气管舒张试验结果的影响,主要观察参数包括呼吸频率、潮气量、吸气时间、呼气时间、吸呼比、达峰时间比、达峰容积比、呼气峰流量;随后进行组内分析,进一步探讨各参数改善率的影响因素。结果　给药后,气雾剂组患儿呼吸频率显著下降（P＝0.003）,吸气时间显著延长（P＝0.011）;雾化组患儿潮气量、吸气时间、吸呼比、达峰时间比、达峰容积比显著上升（均P＜0.05）。雾化组患儿吸呼比、达峰容积比上升幅度显著高于气雾剂组（均P＜0.05）。气雾剂组内,与气道轻度阻塞患儿比较,气道重度阻塞患儿给药后,吸呼比、达峰时间比、达峰容积比改善显著（均P＜0.05）;雾化组内,气道重度阻塞患儿给药后,以上参数亦明显改善。雾化组不同年龄组间比较,2岁以上患儿达峰时间比、达峰容积比上升幅度显著高于1岁以下患儿（均P＜0.05）。结论　通过潮气肺功能技术进行支气管舒张试验,雾化吸入给药方式的舒张效果优于定量气雾剂;给药后肺功能参数的改善与气道阻塞程度有关,也与患儿年龄有关。     

脉冲振荡肺功能与黏附分子在儿童哮喘中的临床意义

目的：脉冲振荡肺功能是近年来开展的一项肺功能测定新技术, 特别适用于学龄前儿童,但目前有关报道不多,且尚无统一正常值。可溶性细胞间黏附分子-1（sICAM-1）、内皮细胞黏附分子-1（sVCAM-1）是已明确的反映哮喘严重程度的指标,该文旨在探讨上述指标在儿童哮喘中的临床意义。方法：应用Master Screen系列肺功能测定系统,对25例健康儿童、40例哮喘发作期儿童用脉冲振荡法（IOS)进行肺功能检测,其中23 例患儿激素治疗达缓解期后再次检测;同时对部分上述儿童（发作期23例,缓解期20例, 对照组16例）进行sICAM-1、sVCAM-1水平检测。 结果：IOS肺功能测试发作期R5,R20,R5-R20,X5,Fres,Zrs均高于对照组和缓解组,差异均有显著性(q= 2.91 ~15.61,P<0.01或P<0.05),缓解期与对照组比较,R5,R5-R20,Fres,Zrs差异有显著性(q=3.08~9.19,P<0.01或 P<0.05)。发作期血清sICAM-1,sVCAM-1明显高于缓解期及对照组(q= 6.23~26.15,P＜0.01）,而缓解期仍高于对照组(q=16.86,12.46, P<0.01)。发作期sICAM-1,sVCAM-1与R5-R20呈正相关（r=0.45,0.57 P<0.05） 结论：IOS肺功能和sICAM-1、sVCAM-1都可以作为儿童哮喘病情严重程度和治疗效果的评价指标,两者之间有一定的相关性,IOS肺功能测定简便、无创,适合于学龄前儿童。［中国当代儿科杂志,2007,9（5）：415-418］     

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??Objective??To explore the correlation between FeNO levels and airway reversibility and its clinical significance in assessment of children with asthma. Methods??A total of 161 children at 5 to14 years old with asthma admitted to pediatric respiratory outpatient of Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University from November 2014 to November 2015 were divided into allergic group and non-allergic group according to the allergic condition. FeNO and bronchial dilatation tests were made in the two groups. The correlation between FeNO levels and improvement rate after bronchodilator in two groups was analyzed. Results????1??FeNO level in allergy group was obviously higher than that in non-allergic group??P??0.002??. ??2?? FeNO level of children in allergic group was positively correlated with improvent of bronchial improvement??P??0.05????and negatively correlated with FEV1%?? FEV1/FVC%?? FEF50%?? FEF25% and FEF75/25% of basic lung function??P??0.05????but was irrelevant to FVC%?? PEF% and FEF75% of basic lung function??P??0.05??.??3??FeNO level of children in non-allergic group was irrelevant to improvement rates of bronchial dilation and basic lung function??P??0.05??. Conclusion??For asthmatic children with allergic constitution??FeNO level is positively correlated with airway reversibility. It may be a good noninvasive predictor for evaluating asthma and airway reversibility in children with asthma. While for children without allergic constitution??FeNO level cannot indicate the airway reversibility effectively.     

支气管可逆性试验对哮喘儿童治疗的指导意义

目的：观察哮喘治疗期间不同临床症状患儿肺功能的变化,探讨支气管可逆性试验对儿童哮喘治疗的指导意义。方法：417例哮喘患儿通过吸入沙美特罗/氟替卡松治疗时间3个月以上。复诊时根据患儿症状分为无症状组（n=215）、单咳组（n=89）、阵咳组（n=72）和喘咳组（n=41）。34例正常儿童作为对照组。应用沙丁胺醇泵雾化进行支气管可逆性试验,试验前后行肺功能检测。结果：各个哮喘组沙丁胺醇雾化后肺功能异常率较雾化前均明显降低,FEV1%/预测值雾化后均较雾化前显著升高（P<0.05）。雾化前单咳组、阵咳组、喘咳组肺功能异常率均较对照组显著增高,FEV1%/预测值均较对照组显著降低（P<0.05）;雾化前各个不同症状哮喘组间肺功能异常率及FEV1%/预测值差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。雾化后阵咳组、喘咳组肺功能异常率明显高于对照组（P<0.05）,其他各组与对照组比较差异无统计学意义;雾化后喘咳组FEV1%/预测值明显低于对照组,其他各组与对照组比较差异无统计学意义。不同症状的4个哮喘组支气管可逆性试验阳性率均高于对照组（P<0.05）;各个哮喘组间可逆性试验阳性率比较,除无症状组与单咳组差异无统计学意义外,其余各组间差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：儿童哮喘治疗期间不同症状者肺功能存在差异;支气管可逆性试验结合肺功能检查有利于哮喘控制的评估和治疗指导。     

Utility of impulse oscillometry in young children with asthma

Impulse Oscillometry (IOS) was developed as a tool to measure lung function, and as it only requires passive cooperation, it has been successfully used in younger children. The aim of this study was to assess the utility of IOS compared to conventional spirometry for lung function measures in asthmatic Korean children aged 3 to 6 yrs. Total serum IgE levels, total eosinophil counts, and specific IgE levels were measured in 77 children with asthma and 55 control subjects. IOS and spirometry were performed in the children before and after bronchodilator administration. Asthmatic children significantly differed from control subjects in baseline resistance at 10 Hz and in their IOS-assessed bronchodilator responses through a Δresistance at 5 Hz (mean, −27.4% vs. −13.1%; p = 0.002), 10 Hz (mean, −20.4% vs. −11.5%; p = 0.012), 20 Hz (mean, −16.4% vs. −9.4%; p = 0.016), and 35 Hz (mean, −17.2% vs. −10.2%; p = 0.020). Conventional spirometry did not show statistically significant findings. Asthmatic children significantly differed from control subjects in IOS-assessed bronchodilator response through a Δresistance at 5 Hz, both in atopic children and in non-atopic children. For atopic children, atopic asthmatic children (n = 58) also significantly differed from atopic controls (n = 30) in baseline resistance at 10 Hz, 20 Hz, 35 Hz and impedance and in IOS-assessed bronchodilator responses through a Δ resistance at 10 Hz and 35 Hz. There were some significant correlations between bronchodilator responses of spirometric parameters and IOS parameters. IOS is useful diagnostic tool in early asthma development and might be a helpful objective outcome measure of early interventions.     

Correlation between spirometry and impulse oscillometry in children with asthma

AIM: In certain patients, such as young children or individuals with cerebral palsy or severe mental retardation, it is difficult to perform forced expiratory manoeuvres to measure expiratory flow volume. In such cases, we could evaluate obstructive lung disease through the measurement of airway resistance instead of expiratory flow volume. METHODS: In this study, we evaluated the correlation of Impulse Oscillometry (IOS) parameters with spirometry values and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) measurements to give coherence to IOS recordings in lung function exploration. Total serum IgE levels, total eosinophil counts and specific IgE levels were measured in 48 children with asthma and 66 control subjects, aged 7-15 years of age. IOS, spirometry and PEFR measurements were performed, as well as methacholine challenge. We further analyzed the correlations in atopic asthma, atopic control, nonatopic asthma and nonatopic control groups. RESULTS: FEV(1) and PEFR showed a significant correlation with impedance and resistance (R) at 5, 10, 20 and 35 Hz, both in atopic asthmatic and in atopic control children. FVC also showed a correlation with impedance and R at 10, 20 and 35 Hz, both in atopic asthmatic and atopic control children. FEF(25-75%) did not show a correlation with resistances. CONCLUSION: FEV(1), FVC and PEFR were significantly correlated with IOS parameters, in both asthmatic and control subjects, especially for atopic children. IOS could be used as a suitable measure of lung function when spirometry and PEF cannot be performed.     

Relationship between impulse oscillometry and spirometric indices in cystic fibrosis children

Background: The aim of our retrospective study was to determine the relationship between impulse oscillometry ( IOS) data and spirometric tests in cystic fibrosis (CF) children.
Methods : Thirty CF children aged 4–19 years have performed lung function tests (LFT). A subset of 15 patients repeated LFT on five separate occasions. IOS parameters were respiratory resistance (Rrs), reactance (Xrs) and impedance at 5 Hz (R5, X5, Zr) and the resonant frequency (Fres). Spirometry indices (SI) included forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV₁), forced expiratory flow during the middle half of FVC (FEF_25–75) and forced vital capacity (FVC).
Results: An inverse relationship was observed between raw values of R5, Zr, Fres and SI respectively, and X5 correlated positively with SI. Although significant, these correlations were poor. Receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) were constructed to identify cutoff points for IOS parameters to discriminate between children according to predefined FEV₁ thresholds (percent predicted), generally used to categorize the level of lung function impairment. No acceptable cutoff points can be found for IOS parameters. Trends analyses in the subgroup of 15 patients showed a significant decline of FEV₁ between the first and the fifth evaluation. None of the IOS indices demonstrated a consistent tendency, apart from a slight decrease of Fres.
Conclusion: IOS measurements presented an insufficient sensitivity to detect and follow bronchial obstruction in CF patients.     

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??Abstract??Objective??To investigate the characteristics of respiratory impedance in children and adults with asthma and explore the clinical significance. Methods??From Jul. 2005 to Jun. 2006 in Tianjin Children's Hospital?? IOS ??Impulse Oscillometry?? was performed in 80 children and 62 adults with asthma and 112 healthy children to obtain respiratory impedance data?? at the same time?? the conventional pulmonary function test was also performed in some of the patients. Data coming from different groups were analyzed statistically. Results??Based on IOS data?? total resistance R5 increased??142.19±36.40??% and central resistance R20 was normal???88.53±17.83??%??in child asthma group. Both R5 and R20 increased in adult asthma group???190.03±49.97??%????152.53±39.11??%??. In two groups?? reactance X5 and Fres decreased or backed off in various degrees?? more obviously for Fres. The conventional pulmonary test data also implied that the percentages of FVC and FEV1/FVC were ??81.19±15.42??% and ??55.57±12.93??% respectively in adult group??and ??79.12±18.65??% and ??64.81±9.78??% respectively in child group. Conclusion??The characteristics of respiratory impedance between children and adults are different. The pathological changes of child asthma are mainly in the small airway where inhaled medicine should reach as far as possible.     

肺功能检查及呼出气一氧化氮在儿童支气管哮喘规范化管理中的应用

目的探讨肺功能与呼出气一氧化氮(FeNO)在儿童支气管哮喘规范化治疗过程中的变化及意义。方法选取254例初诊、急性发作期的支气管哮喘患儿作为研究对象,按照有无合并过敏性鼻炎分为合并鼻炎组与未合并鼻炎组,并以62例健康儿童作为对照组。哮喘患儿均给予规范化治疗,于治疗初始以及治疗3、6、9、12个月复查肺功能及FeNO水平;对照组测定一次肺功能和FeNO。结果规范治疗1年中第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、最高呼气流速(PEF)、最大呼气中段流量(MMEF),以及最大呼气25%、50%及75%肺活量的瞬间流速(MEF25、MEF50、MEF75)均逐渐升高,FeNO水平逐渐降低(P0.05)。治疗6个月后PEF、FEV1等大气道功能指标基本恢复;9个月后MMEF、MEF25、MEF50、MEF75等小气道功能指标基本恢复;1年后大小气道功能指标与对照组的差异均无统计学意义(P0.05),而FeNO水平仍高于对照组(P0.05)。治疗初始及3个月时,合并鼻炎组的哮喘患儿FeNO均高于未合并鼻炎组(P0.05)。治疗初始FeNO水平与肺功能各项指标均存在负相关(P0.05)。结论哮喘儿童的规范化治疗过程中,肺功能参数逐渐升高,FeNO水平逐渐下降,大气道功能的恢复早于小气道功能,另外也要注意鼻炎对气道反应性的影响。