理性情绪疗法对乳腺癌手术患者术前心理状态及睡眠的影响

目的 观察理性情绪疗法对乳腺癌手术患者术前的影响.方法 将乳腺癌患者50例随机分为实验组和对照组各25例,对照组提供常规治疗、护理、健康教育及一般心理护理,实验组在此基础上进行系统化、规范化的理性情绪疗法.采用Zung抑郁自评量表(SDS)、Zung焦虑自评量表(SAS)、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(Pittsburgh sleep quality index,PSQI)对2组患者于入院当天和手术前1 d进行测评.结果 2组患者的抑郁、焦虑、睡眠质量3项指标在人院当天比较无显著差异,2组在手术前1 d进行比较有显著差异,实验组入院当天和手术前1 d比较有显著差异.结论 理性情绪疗法对乳腺癌手术患者术前的短期情绪(包括焦虑、抑郁、睡眠质量)影响效果明显,值得临床推广.

Abstract：

Objective To observe the influence of rational emotional therapy on breast cancer patients preoperation. Methods 50 cases of breast cancer patients were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group with 25 cases in each group. The control group was provided routine therapy and nursing, health education and general psychological nursing, based upon these routine measures, the experimental group adopted systematic and standardized rational emotional therapy. Zung self rating depression scale(SDS), Zung self rating anxiety scale(SAS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scale(PSQI)were used to evaluate the effect between two groups. Results No significant differ-ence existed in anxiety, depression and sleep quality between the two groups at admission, but significant difference was seen one day preoperation, also there was statistical significance between at admission and one day preoperation in the experimental group. Conclusions Rational emotional therapy of breast can-cer patients who underwent surgical operation played a significant role on their preoperative short-term e-motions(including anxiety,depression, sleep quality), and worthy of clinical application.     

渐进性肌肉放松训练结合健康教育对维持性血液透析患者的影响

Objective To evaluate the effect of progressive muscle relaxation combined with health education on the psychological state of the maintained hemodialysis patients and provide basis for the psychological intervention for them. Methods Forty-two MHD patients were randomly assigned to the intervention group and control group. Patients in the control group received the conventional nursing, and patients in the intervention group received the conventional therapy combined with nursing intervention for two times. Results After the first intervention, the various psychological testing indicators of intervention group were obviously lower than those of control group and there was statistically significant difference between two groups(P ＜ 0. 05 ). The differences of index of physiological chemistry between two groups had no statistical significance (P ＞ 0. 05 ). After the second intervention, the various psychological testing indicators of intervention group were further lower than those of control group and there was statistical significant difference ( P ＜ 0. 01 or P ＜ 0. 05 ). The Hb and Ca2 + of the intervention group were remarkably higher than control group,while PO43+ and K+ of intervention group were significantly lower than control group. Both differences had statistical significance(P ＜ 0. 05 ). Conclusions Progressive muscle relaxation combined with health education can greatly improve the psychological and physiological status of MHD patients.     

早期心理护理对老年慢性心衰患者不良情绪及睡眠的影响

目的 探讨早期心理护理对老年慢性心力衰竭患者不良情绪及睡眠的影响.方法 选择2009年6月至2010年6月收治的老年慢性心力衰竭患者96例,随机分为研究组和对照组各48例.2组老年患者分别经明确诊断后均给予传统常规护理,而研究组老年患者则在此基础上加用全面系统的早期心理护理干预方案,并对2组老年患者的不良情绪及睡眠等临床指标进行比较分析.结果 与对照组相比,研究组老年患者焦虑和抑郁的评分值均显著降低,躯体化和强迫症状以及抑郁和焦虑4个因子评分均显著降低,觉醒时间和觉醒次数均显著降低,而睡眠效率和睡眠维持率则均显著提高.结论 早期心理护理对老年慢性心力衰竭患者不良情绪及睡眠的改善具有十分重要的临床辅助治疗意义,值得进一步的临床推广和应用.

Abstract：

Objective To probe into the effect of early psychological care on negative emotions and sleep of elderly patients with chronic heart failure. Methods 96 patients elderly patients with chronic heart failure were selected from June 2009 to June 2010, and were randomly divided into the study group and the control group with 48 patients in each group. Two groups of elderly patients were given traditional routine care after diagnosis, and elderly patients in the study group were given early comprehensive psychological nursing intervention additionally. Clinical index such as negative mood and sleep were analyzed. Results Compared with the control group, anxiety and depression scores of the study group were significantly decreased, somatization, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, depression and anxiety were significantly decreased, awakening time, and arousals were significantly lower, and sleep efficiency and sleep maintenance rate was significantly increased, there were significant differences. Conclusions Early psychological care for elderly patients with chronic heart failure is very important to improve negative mood and sleep quality for them, and is worth further clinical promotion and application.     

护理干预对四肢骨折患者社会心理因素及近期疗效的影响

Objective To explore the influence of the social support on psycho-healthy and therapeutic effect of patients with extremities bone fracture; to provide theory guidance for formulating psycho-healthy education. Methods A total of 90 patients with extremity bone fracture were divided into control group and observation group equally. Carring out routine healthy eduction on control group, while mental intervention and routine healthy education on observation group, undertaking psychological assessment with social support rating scale(SSRS) and state anxiety scale(SAI) one week after hospital admission and one week prior to discharge.Results Comparing the score of social support and anxiety, there was difference between two groups prior to discharge( P ＜0. 05 ). The difference of short-term effect of fracture assess between two groups were statistically significant( P ＜ 0. 05). Conclusions The selectivity mental nursing could improve the social support, psychohealth level and bone fracture therapeutic effect of patients with extremities bone fracture.     

癌症患者亲属的焦虑、抑郁状况及相关因素研究

Objective The purpose of the study was to examine anxiety and depression in primary family caregivers of patients with cancer and to examine related factors that are associated with anxiety and depression of family caregivers.Methods The anxiety was rated with the Serf-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and the depression rated with the Center for Epidemiological Survey,Depression Scale ( CES-D ).The general conditions of the caregivers were collected with questionnaires designed by authors among the 106 primary family earegivers for inpatients having cancer.Results The mean depression scores of caregivers rated by the 106 earegivers themselve for the cancer patients on the CES-D was ( 18.75±9.06),which was significandy higher than that of the normal samples in our country and exhibited a statistical difference (P＜0.01).55.7% of caregivers reported depression symptoms.In 106 caregivers,the score from self-rating anxiety scale is ( 33.94±7.09),which was higher than that of the normal samples in our country,having a statistical difference (P＜0.01).22.6% of the caregivers reported their SAS scores exceeded thresholds for clinical anxiety.The high anxiety index was significandy associated with the caregivers reported more patients symptoms,and the spouses of the patients were also at the high risk of anxiety.Conclusions A high level of severe anxiety and depression existed in primary family caregivers of cancer patients.The psychological status of caregivers was influenced by many kinds of factors.Health care personnel should actively provide corresponding interventions to improve the level of mental health in family caregivers of patients.     

护理干预对四肢骨折患者社会心理因素及近期疗效的影响

Objective To explore the influence of the social support on psycho-healthy and therapeutic effect of patients with extremities bone fracture; to provide theory guidance for formulating psycho-healthy education. Methods A total of 90 patients with extremity bone fracture were divided into control group and observation group equally. Carring out routine healthy eduction on control group, while mental intervention and routine healthy education on observation group, undertaking psychological assessment with social support rating scale(SSRS) and state anxiety scale(SAI) one week after hospital admission and one week prior to discharge.Results Comparing the score of social support and anxiety, there was difference between two groups prior to discharge( P ＜0. 05 ). The difference of short-term effect of fracture assess between two groups were statistically significant( P ＜ 0. 05). Conclusions The selectivity mental nursing could improve the social support, psychohealth level and bone fracture therapeutic effect of patients with extremities bone fracture.     

癌症患者亲属的焦虑、抑郁状况及相关因素研究

Objective The purpose of the study was to examine anxiety and depression in primary family caregivers of patients with cancer and to examine related factors that are associated with anxiety and depression of family caregivers.Methods The anxiety was rated with the Serf-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and the depression rated with the Center for Epidemiological Survey,Depression Scale ( CES-D ).The general conditions of the caregivers were collected with questionnaires designed by authors among the 106 primary family earegivers for inpatients having cancer.Results The mean depression scores of caregivers rated by the 106 earegivers themselve for the cancer patients on the CES-D was ( 18.75±9.06),which was significandy higher than that of the normal samples in our country and exhibited a statistical difference (P＜0.01).55.7% of caregivers reported depression symptoms.In 106 caregivers,the score from self-rating anxiety scale is ( 33.94±7.09),which was higher than that of the normal samples in our country,having a statistical difference (P＜0.01).22.6% of the caregivers reported their SAS scores exceeded thresholds for clinical anxiety.The high anxiety index was significandy associated with the caregivers reported more patients symptoms,and the spouses of the patients were also at the high risk of anxiety.Conclusions A high level of severe anxiety and depression existed in primary family caregivers of cancer patients.The psychological status of caregivers was influenced by many kinds of factors.Health care personnel should actively provide corresponding interventions to improve the level of mental health in family caregivers of patients.     

癌症患者亲属的焦虑、抑郁状况及相关因素研究

Objective The purpose of the study was to examine anxiety and depression in primary family caregivers of patients with cancer and to examine related factors that are associated with anxiety and depression of family caregivers.Methods The anxiety was rated with the Serf-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and the depression rated with the Center for Epidemiological Survey,Depression Scale ( CES-D ).The general conditions of the caregivers were collected with questionnaires designed by authors among the 106 primary family earegivers for inpatients having cancer.Results The mean depression scores of caregivers rated by the 106 earegivers themselve for the cancer patients on the CES-D was ( 18.75±9.06),which was significandy higher than that of the normal samples in our country and exhibited a statistical difference (P＜0.01).55.7% of caregivers reported depression symptoms.In 106 caregivers,the score from self-rating anxiety scale is ( 33.94±7.09),which was higher than that of the normal samples in our country,having a statistical difference (P＜0.01).22.6% of the caregivers reported their SAS scores exceeded thresholds for clinical anxiety.The high anxiety index was significandy associated with the caregivers reported more patients symptoms,and the spouses of the patients were also at the high risk of anxiety.Conclusions A high level of severe anxiety and depression existed in primary family caregivers of cancer patients.The psychological status of caregivers was influenced by many kinds of factors.Health care personnel should actively provide corresponding interventions to improve the level of mental health in family caregivers of patients.     

癌症患者亲属的焦虑、抑郁状况及相关因素研究

Objective The purpose of the study was to examine anxiety and depression in primary family caregivers of patients with cancer and to examine related factors that are associated with anxiety and depression of family caregivers.Methods The anxiety was rated with the Serf-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and the depression rated with the Center for Epidemiological Survey,Depression Scale ( CES-D ).The general conditions of the caregivers were collected with questionnaires designed by authors among the 106 primary family earegivers for inpatients having cancer.Results The mean depression scores of caregivers rated by the 106 earegivers themselve for the cancer patients on the CES-D was ( 18.75±9.06),which was significandy higher than that of the normal samples in our country and exhibited a statistical difference (P＜0.01).55.7% of caregivers reported depression symptoms.In 106 caregivers,the score from self-rating anxiety scale is ( 33.94±7.09),which was higher than that of the normal samples in our country,having a statistical difference (P＜0.01).22.6% of the caregivers reported their SAS scores exceeded thresholds for clinical anxiety.The high anxiety index was significandy associated with the caregivers reported more patients symptoms,and the spouses of the patients were also at the high risk of anxiety.Conclusions A high level of severe anxiety and depression existed in primary family caregivers of cancer patients.The psychological status of caregivers was influenced by many kinds of factors.Health care personnel should actively provide corresponding interventions to improve the level of mental health in family caregivers of patients.     

癌症患者亲属的焦虑、抑郁状况及相关因素研究

Objective The purpose of the study was to examine anxiety and depression in primary family caregivers of patients with cancer and to examine related factors that are associated with anxiety and depression of family caregivers.Methods The anxiety was rated with the Serf-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and the depression rated with the Center for Epidemiological Survey,Depression Scale ( CES-D ).The general conditions of the caregivers were collected with questionnaires designed by authors among the 106 primary family earegivers for inpatients having cancer.Results The mean depression scores of caregivers rated by the 106 earegivers themselve for the cancer patients on the CES-D was ( 18.75±9.06),which was significandy higher than that of the normal samples in our country and exhibited a statistical difference (P＜0.01).55.7% of caregivers reported depression symptoms.In 106 caregivers,the score from self-rating anxiety scale is ( 33.94±7.09),which was higher than that of the normal samples in our country,having a statistical difference (P＜0.01).22.6% of the caregivers reported their SAS scores exceeded thresholds for clinical anxiety.The high anxiety index was significandy associated with the caregivers reported more patients symptoms,and the spouses of the patients were also at the high risk of anxiety.Conclusions A high level of severe anxiety and depression existed in primary family caregivers of cancer patients.The psychological status of caregivers was influenced by many kinds of factors.Health care personnel should actively provide corresponding interventions to improve the level of mental health in family caregivers of patients.     

扮亲法全程陪护对剖腹产手术前产妇心理应激反应的影响

目的探讨扮亲法全程陪护对剖腹产手术前产妇心理应激反应的影响。方法按照入院顺序将剖腹产手术前的产妇200例随机分为观察组和对照组各100例,两组产妇在行手术前均按照优质护理的护理规范标准对产妇进行常规护理,而观察组在此基础上给予扮亲法全程陪护。两组产妇均在入院时及手术前监测血浆促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)和皮质醇(CS)水平,采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)对产妇入院时及手术前焦虑情况进行测评。结果观察组手术前麻醉开始时的ACTH和皮质醇水平总分均明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组产妇SAS总分明显低于对照组总分,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论扮亲法全程陪护能有效缓解剖腹产手术前产妇的心理应激反应,减轻心理压力,降低不良反应,提高产妇的生活质量。     

综合性心理干预对老年心衰患者负性情绪和睡眠质量的影响

目的:探讨综合性心理干预对老年心衰(HF)患者焦虑、抑郁等负性情绪和睡眠质量的影响。方法:老年HF患者80例,随机分为干预组与对照组各40例。2组均给予常规治疗和护理,干预组加用心理疏导、认知疗法、加强社会和家庭支持系统、指导辅助睡眠等综合性心理干预。干预前后应用焦虑量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)和匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)评定。结果:干预3周后,干预组的SAS、SDS评分显著低于干预前及对照组干预后(P<0.01)。干预组PSQI总分及分项中睡眠质量、入睡时间、睡眠时间、睡眠障碍评分均较干预前及对照组干预后显著下降(P<0.01)。结论:综合性心理干预能够有效改善老年HF患者焦虑、抑郁情绪等负性情绪,提高患者的睡眠质量。     

心理干预对手足多汗症患者术后生活质量的影响

目的 探讨心理干预对手足多汗症患者术后生活质量的影响.方法 将60例手足多汗症患者随机分为实验组和对照组,每组各30例.两组患者均行胸腔镜下T3-4交感神经链切断术,术后均予手足多汗症常规护理,实验组在此基础上予心理护理干预.术后当天及术后3个月采用生活质量评估量表（SF-36）评定两组患者的生活质量.结果 两组患者术后当天各维度评分差异无统计学意义,术后3个月实验组患者生理职能、生理机能、情感职能及精神健康4个维度评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 心理干预有助于改善手足多汗症术后患者生活质量.     

跨理论模型的照护行为干预对新诊断癫痫患儿家属照护行为及心理状况的影响

目的探讨跨理论模型(TTM)照护行为干预对新诊断癫痫患儿家属心理状况的影响。方法选择本市及周边地区2012年6月-2015年6月新诊断癫痫患儿的家属96例,采用随机数字表法分为观察组与对照组各48例。两组在干预前均采用变化阶段量表、焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)对其进行基线评估。对照组患儿接受系统治疗护理,患儿家属接受一般心理护理和健康教育,观察组在与对照组相同护理基础上,根据评估结果,针对患儿家属制定并实施个性化的TTM照护行为干预,为期6个月。干预后对两组患儿家属进行跟进评估,分析干预前后患儿家属在照护行为变化阶段的分布情况及SAS、SDS得分的变化。结果干预6个月后,两组患儿家属的SAS、SDS得分比较,观察组明显优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.01);观察组干预前后SAS、SDS得分比较,改善幅度明显大于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论运用TTM为指导的照护行为干预,能有效改善新诊断癫痫患儿家属的照护行为,降低焦虑、抑郁水平,利于癫痫患儿的照护。     

心理干预对烧伤病人焦虑抑郁状态的影响

目的探讨心理干预对烧伤病人焦虑抑郁状态的影响。方法将148例中重度、特重烧伤病人随机分为心理干预组（实验组）76例和对照组72例,然后进行Zung氏焦虑自评量表（SAS）、Zung抑郁自评量表（SDS）调查。对照组按常规进行护理及健康宣教,实验组病人在按常规护理、健康宣教的同时再进行有针对性的心理干预。2周后再对两组病人行SAS、SDS调查。结果经干预后实验组SAS、SDS评分明显低于干预前后对照组（P〈0．05）。结论通过对烧伤病人进行心理干预能减轻病人的负性情绪、增强病人对治疗的信心,使之能积极配合治疗护理工作,减少并发症的发生,促进创面愈合。     

术前心理干预在开胸患者术后疼痛控制中的作用

目的 探讨术前心理干预对术后疼痛控制的效果.方法 将63例接受开胸手术的患者随机分为实验组和对照组.对照组采用常规护理,实验组采用认知行为疗法进行术前心理干预.术后采用视觉模拟评分法(VAS),对两组患者进行疼痛评定,同时评估其镇痛药的使用人次.结果 实验组患者术后8 h和术后24 h VAS评分显著低于对照组(P<0.01),术后使用镇痛药的人次也显著少于对照组(P<0.01).结论 术前心理干预有助于开胸术后的疼痛控制.     

术前心理干预在开胸患者术后疼痛控制中的作用

目的 探讨术前心理干预对术后疼痛控制的效果.方法 将63例接受开胸手术的患者随机分为实验组和对照组.对照组采用常规护理,实验组采用认知行为疗法进行术前心理干预.术后采用视觉模拟评分法(VAS),对两组患者进行疼痛评定,同时评估其镇痛药的使用人次.结果 实验组患者术后8 h和术后24 h VAS评分显著低于对照组(P<0.01),术后使用镇痛药的人次也显著少于对照组(P<0.01).结论 术前心理干预有助于开胸术后的疼痛控制.     

HIV/AIDS患者心理干预前后焦虑、抑郁状况分析

目的:探讨心理干预对艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者和艾滋病(AIDS)患者焦虑、抑郁情况的影响.方法:将被确诊为HIV/AIDS的80例患者随机分为实验组和对照组各40例.对照组给予传统常规护理措施,实验组在常规护理的基础上实施规范化心理护理方案.采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)对患者进行问卷调查.结果:实验组40例HIV/AIDS患者心理干预后焦虑、抑郁情绪较对照组明显减轻(P﹤0.01,P﹤0.05).结论:心理干预可有效改善HIV/AIDS患者的焦虑、抑郁程度,明显提高其生活质量.     

帕金森病患者抑郁状况的调查及心理干预护理

目的了解帕金森病患者的抑郁发生率及心理护理干预效果。方法采用汉密顿抑郁量表（HAMD）对46例帕金森病患者及45例健康正常老年人进行测评,并对伴有抑郁的帕金森病患者进行心理护理干预,6周后再进行量表评定。结果本组帕金森病患者抑郁发生率为41％,HAMD评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。帕金森病伴抑郁患者心理干预后HAMD评分下降,与干预前比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论帕金森病患者伴发抑郁发病率高,心理护理干预可有效地改善患者的抑郁症状,对患者的身心康复具有重要作用。     

非语言方式心理干预对ICU气管插管清醒患者情绪状态的影响

目的探讨非语言方式心理干预对ICU气管插管清醒患者情绪状态的影响。方法选取114例ICU气管插管清醒患者分成对照组(予常规护理)和观察组(加用非语言方式心理护理)各57例,观察2组患者护理前后的情绪状态和生活质量情况。结果 2组插管前HAMA、HAMD评分差异无统计学意义(P0.05);观察组插管3 d后、7 d后、拔管时的HAMA、HAMD评分显著低于对照组(P0.05)。2组插管前生活质量评分差异无统计学意义(P0.05);观察组插管3 d后、7 d后、拔管时的生活质量评分显著高于对照组(P0.05)。2组插管前NOS、5-HT含量差异无统计学意义(P0.05);观察组插管3 d后、7 d后、拔管时的NOS、5-HT含量显著低于对照组(P0.05)。结论非语言方式心理干预能改善ICU气管插管清醒患者的不良情绪状态,并提高生活质量。