佛山市老年人口腔健康相关生活质量状况及影响因素分析

目的：了解佛山市老年人口腔健康相关生活质量状况,并探讨相关影响因素。方法：于2016—2017年对143名佛山市老年人开展口腔健康流行病学调查,采用多因素logistic回归分析模型分析老年人口腔健康相关生活质量的影响因素。结果：143名佛山市老年人因口腔健康影响生活质量的发生率为82.5%,口腔生理功能、疼痛与不适、心理社会不适3个方面影响生活质量的发生率分别为61.1%、65.0%和31.3%;残根数多、牙结石牙数多均是导致口腔健康相关生活质量低下的危险因素;余留牙数多、每天保持刷牙2次以上、自评总体口腔健康好、已参加商业保险等是保护因素。结论：老年人群因口腔健康问题影响生活质量的情况较普遍,建议相关部门制订促进计划时,重视老年人近端的客观生理健康和主观感受,兼顾考虑远端的社会因素及健康行为。     

兰考县中学生生命质量和健康促进生活方式现状及相关分析

了解兰考县青少年生命质量和健康促进生活方式现状及其之间的关系,为青少年身心健康发展提供支持.方法 在河南开封兰考县以班级为单位随机抽取1 224名中学生,采用生命质量和健康促进生活方式量表进行调查.结果 男生生命质量各因子得分均高于女生,且在生理健康、心理状态、周围环境、独立能力等方面差异有统计学意义(t值分别为4.28,4.40,4.20,3.05,P值均<0.01).在健康促进生活方式各维度方面,男生得分均高于女生,并且在营养行为、人际关系、健康责任、身体运动等方面差异有统计学意义(t值分别为10.82,5.41,9.83,13.73,P值均<0.01).回归分析表明健康促进生活方式对生命质量起到较大影响,男生有9个、女生有11个条目进入回归方程,并且均存在统计学意义(P值均<0.05),其中身体运动(贡献率22.4%)、压力处理(贡献率17.1%)和营养行为(贡献率16.4%)对生命质量影响较为突出.男生生命质量影响因素前3位是3次/周、30 min/次身体锻炼,进行有计划的锻炼,睡眠充足(t值分别为3.26,2.87,2.37,P值均<0.05);女生为3次/周、30 min/次身体锻炼,低脂肪低胆固醇饮食,心率能够达到预期目标(t值分别为3.14,3.03,2.67,P值均<0.05).结论 应根据不同的性别特点对兰考县中学生开展健康教育,同时发挥体育锻炼的积极作用,注重健康生活方式的培养与提高.     

南宁市低保户家庭青少年生活质量状况及影响因素分析

目的了解南宁市低保户家庭青少年生活质量及其影响因素,为提高低保户家庭青少年生活质量提供支持。方法在社区帮助下随机抽取南宁市4个区1 144名低保户家庭和1 067名非低保户家庭的初中和高中学生进行生活质量量表、学习压力源量表问卷调查。结果低保户家庭青少年生活质量各维度及总分均低于非低保户家庭青少年,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.01)。低保户家庭的男生在生活质量的运动能力、生活机会性、负性情绪、其他得分高于女生(P值均<0.05),女生师生关系、亲子关系、自我概念得分高于男生(P值均<0.05)。初中生生活便利性、运动能力、师生关系、躯体感受、作业态度、生活机会性、负性情绪、同伴关系、自我满意度、其他和总分高于高中生,差异有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。多元线性回归分析显示,影响社会心理功能有9个因素,影响生活环境的有8个因素,影响生理心理健康的有5个因素,影响生活质量满意度的有5个因素,影响生活质量总分的有4个因素(P值均<0.05)。结论低保户家庭中学生生活质量较低,应采取有效措施予以干预提高。     

江苏省青少年健康素养状况及影响因素分析

了解江苏省青少年学生健康素养状况及其影响因素,为进一步开展学生健康素养研究提供科学依据.方法 采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法,抽取江苏省初中至大学本科阶段的629名学生,通过问卷进行健康素养现状调查,分析影响因素.结果 江苏省青少年学生健康素养得分分别为科学健康观(4.73 ±1.32)分,安全与急救素养(12.82±2.90)分,传染病预防素养(12.26 ±3.03)分,基本医疗素养(6.24±1.96)分,慢性病预防素养(4.67±1.90)分,总的健康素养得分为(40.73±8.29)分.多因素线性回归分析显示,学生健康素养得分影响因素为年龄、地区及家庭平均月收入.结论 江苏省学生健康素养整体水平较低,学校、家庭和社会应采取多种措施提高学生健康素养水平.     

青少年固定矫治各阶段口腔健康相关生活质量变化的研究

目的:分析青少年固定矫治各疗程中口腔健康相关生活质量的变化情况。方法:将我院口腔科2016年3月—2019年2月收治的60例实施固定矫治的青少年患者纳入此次研究,建立口腔健康影响程度量表(OHIP-14)并回访调查所有患者在T0(固定矫治前)、T1(治疗一周)、T2(治疗一个月)、T3(治疗3个月)、T4(治疗6个月)、T5(治疗一年)、T6(治疗结束)七个阶段的口腔健康相关生活质量情况。观察在不同疗程阶段青少年患者口腔健康对生活质量造成的影响。结果:T6阶段相较于T0阶段分值减少,差异具有统计学意义(P <0.05);T1至T2分值逐渐上升,差异具有统计学意义(P <0.05);T3至T6阶段分值逐渐降低,差异具有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论:固定矫治不同阶段对青少年口腔健康相关生活质量造成的影响具有差异,矫治开始阶段对口腔健康相关生活质量造成的影响最大,随时间的推移,对口腔健康相关生活质量的影响减少。     

新疆维吾尔自治区农村老年人口腔健康相关生活质量及影响因素分析

目的 调查新疆维吾尔自治区农村老年人口腔健康相关生活质量(oral health-related quality of life, OHRQoL)现状,分析其影响因素,为制定有效的口腔卫生服务政策提供参考依据。方法 采用老年口腔健康评估指数(geriatric oral health assessment index inventory, GOHAI)、简明口腔健康评估表对新疆农村1 093名老年人进行口腔健康状况及其相关生活质量调查,运用多元线性回归分析影响因素。结果 GOHAI总分为(49.66±7.15)分,生理功能、疼痛与不适和心理社会3个维度得分分别为(15.25±3.67)、(12.35±2.28)、(22.07±3.55)分,从负面影响比例来看,生理功能维度的两个条目：“咬或咀嚼食物困难”、“所吃食物的种类和数量受限”影响最大,分别为40.53%、32.85%;独居、月收入≤1 000元、蔬菜摄入<1盘/d、患慢性病数量≥1种、1年内看过牙医、口腔健康状况差的老年人OHRQoL为低水平。结论 新疆农村老年人OHRQoL为中低水平;影响OHRQoL的因素是多方面的,包...     

深圳市12~15岁青少年牙周健康现况及影响因素分析

  目的  评估深圳市12~15岁青少年牙周健康状况,探索影响其牙周健康的相关因素,为儿童青少年的牙周健康状况改善提供参考依据。  方法  采用多阶段分层等容抽样方法,随机抽取深圳市12~15岁5 509名中学生进行牙龈出血和牙石的检查,并完成自答问卷。15岁年龄组额外进行牙周袋深度和附着丧失的检查。统计分析采用t检验、χ2检验和Logistic回归分析以描述牙周健康状况并分析相关因素。  结果  12~15岁青少年牙龈出血与牙石的检出率分别为43.95%和44.25%,15岁青少年浅牙周袋的检出率为0.57%,牙周袋≥6 mm与附着丧失≥4 mm均未检出。不同性别、经济水平和刷牙频率组牙石的检出情况差异均有统计学意义(P值均 < 0.05)。不同含氟牙膏使用情况者牙龈出血和牙石的检出差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为9.70,6.16,P值均 < 0.05)。  结论  深圳市12~15岁青少年牙周健康水平普遍优于全国水平,居住在高经济水平区的青少年与女性拥有更好的牙周健康状况。政府可采取推广校园健康教育、提高刷牙频率、提倡使用含氟牙膏等方式改善青少年人群牙周健康状况。     

广西农村瑶族中学生健康促进生活方式及影响因素

了解广西农村地区瑶族青少年健康促进生活方式状况及影响因素,为指导青少年健康干预提供支持.方法 在广西3个瑶族自治县6所中学,以班级为单位整群抽取1 262名瑶族中学生进行健康促进生活方式的问卷调查,并对结果进行统计分析.结果 瑶族中学生健康促进生活方式总均分为(27.89±4.43)分.健康促进生活方式为一般等级的占32.01%,良好占67.99%.男生健康促进生活方式平均得分为(28.61±4.82)分,女生为(27.14±4.39)分,差异有统计学意义(t=2.512,P<0.05);初中生平均得分为(27.71±4.61)分,高中生为(28.56±4.65)分,差异有统计学意义(t=-2.128,P<0.05).回归分析显示,健康促进生活方式对瑶族男生自评健康总分存在影响的前5个方面依次为每次30 min锻炼,超过3次/周;选择低脂食物;找时间与朋友交流;进行中度或轻度的锻炼.对瑶族女生自评健康总分存在影响的前5个方面依次为3次/周,每次30 min锻炼;保障足够睡眠;进行计划性的锻炼课程;较好处理娱乐与学习关系;选择低脂肪的饮食等.结论 必须以健康促进生活方式为切入点,结合农村实际有针对性地提高广西农村瑶族青少年健康水平.     

萎缩性舌炎患者口腔健康相关生活质量分析

目的探讨萎缩性舌炎患者口腔健康相关生活质量状况。方法以60例萎缩性舌炎患者为病例组,取同期就诊其他口腔疾病患者或患者陪同人员为对照组,采用口腔健康影响程度量表（OHIP-14中文版）进行问卷调查并行统计学处理。结果病例组口腔健康相关生活质量总分偏高,与对照组相比较差异有统计学意义（Z=2.196,P〈0.05）。其中,对生理性疼痛、心理不适、功能障碍这三个领域影响程度较大,与对照组比较差异有显著性（均P〈0.05）。结论萎缩性舌炎很大程度上影响了患者的口腔健康相关生活质量,主要体现在生理性疼痛、心理不适、功能障碍等方面。     

学龄前儿童口腔不良习惯状况及相关因素分析

  目的  了解学龄前儿童口腔不良习惯状况及其相关因素,为改善儿童口腔卫生并促进其健康提供依据。  方法  采用整群抽样方法抽取武汉市和鄂州市12所幼儿园3 094名幼儿为研究对象,通过问卷调查收集基本人口学信息、儿童口腔不良习惯等信息。采用χ2检验进行单因素分析,二分类Logistic回归模型进行多因素分析。  结果  33.5%的儿童检出口腔不良习惯,在各项不良习惯中,儿童喜欢咬指甲、玩具(4.4%),吮吸手指(3.8%),喜欢用嘴呼吸(3.7%)等不良习惯的检出率较高。多因素分析结果显示,独生子女(OR=1.26)、挑食(OR=1.30)和暴露二手烟(OR=1.69)的儿童更可能有口腔不良习惯,而家庭居住在城市(OR=0.58)、经济条件好(OR=0.66)、健康状况良好(OR=0.37)、饮食荤素比例适宜(OR=0.71)、母亲学历为高中/中专(OR=0.72)的儿童口腔习惯较好(P值均 < 0.05)。  结论  学龄前儿童口腔习惯与多种因素相关。干预时应综合考虑各因素,重点关注独生子女、居住在农村、爱挑食和有二手烟暴露风险的儿童。     

Oral health-related quality of life of children and adolescents with and without migration background in Germany

Objectives

To compare oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in children and adolescents with and without migration background, and to assess whether potential differences in OHRQoL can be sufficiently explained by oral health characteristics.

Materials und methods

A consecutive sample of 112 children and adolescents was recruited in a German university-based orthodontic clinic, and a convenience sample of 313 children and adolescents of German public schools was enrolled in the study (total N?=?425, age range 7–17 years). However, 29 participants were excluded due to insufficient information regarding migration background. Accordingly, the non-migrant group consisted of 262 participants (61.6%). For children with migration background, two groups were classified: (i) one parent born in a foreign country (N?=?41, 9.6%, single-sided migration background), and (ii) both parents and/or child born in a foreign country (?N=?93, 21.9%, double-sided migration background). OHRQoL was assessed using the German 19-item version of the Child Oral Health Impact Profile (COHIP-G19). Additionally, physical oral health of 269 children with classified migration background was determined in a dental examination.

Results

Overall, OHRQoL was significantly lower in the group with double-sided migration background indicated by lower COHIP-G19 summary scores (mean: 58.6 points) than in the group with single-sided migration background (mean: 63.3 points) or the non-migrant group (mean: 63.2 points). Likewise, the summary scores of the subscale “oral health well-being” and the subscale “social/emotional, school, and self-image” were also lower in the double-sided migrant group than in the other two groups. Linear regression analysis showed an association between double-sided migration background and impaired OHRQoL, even after statistically controlling for demographic, socioeconomic, and oral health characteristics.

Conclusion

Children and adolescents with double-sided migration background have poorer OHRQoL than comparably aged migrants with single-sided migration background or non-migrations. Between-group differences in OHRQoL could not be sufficiently explained by effects of socioeconomic status or physical oral health characteristics. Thus, other methodological, cultural, or immigration-related factors might also play an important role for the observed effects.

     

Optimism and health-related quality of life in adolescents with cancer

Objective   To delineate the relationship between optimism and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and quality of life (QOL) in adolescents with cancer living in the Bronx, New York.
Methods   Optimism was assessed using the Life Orientation Test, Revised (LOT-R). HRQOL and QOL were measured using the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory, Cancer Module, Acute Version and The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory, Generic Core Scale, respectively. Associations between optimism and HRQOL and QOL were assessed using Pearson's product-moment correlations.
Results   Twenty-three adolescents participated in this study; the mean age was 16 and the majority was male. This sample was highly optimistic and reported high HRQOL and QOL. Optimism was correlated with less reported pain and hurt, better communication with doctors, higher reported psychological functioning and higher overall QOL.
Conclusion   Optimism is associated with higher QOL in inner city adolescents with cancer. Further research should assess whether interventions that increase optimism lead to greater QOL in this population.     

Oral health-related quality of life and somatization in the elderly

Objective Somatization disorders are frequent in the elderly, and previous studies have revealed that psychological factors affect the outcome of measurement of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). The objective of this study was, therefore, to investigate the correlation between OHRQoL and somatization. Methods One-hundred and twenty-five participants aged 60 years or older (mean age 76.6 years; 40 males) from a primary geriatric medical hospital participated in this cross-sectional study. OHRQoL was assessed by using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP), somatization by using the somatization subscale of the Symptom Check List (SCL-90-R). To obtain dental data we performed a clinical dental examination. Results In bivariate analyses the most consistent correlation with somatization was found for overall OHIP sum score and the subscales physical pain and functional limitation (r > 0.4). Participants with high somatization scores had high OHIP sum scores. In multivariate analysis somatization led to additional explanation of the variance of the OHIP sum score and of all OHIP subscales. Conclusions There is consistent correlation between OHRQoL and somatization. When evaluating OHRQoL in the elderly (using the OHIP) further evaluation of somatization should be considered for thorough interpretation of the results.     

Predictors of health-related quality of life in maltreated children and adolescents

Purpose

Research on the consequences of child maltreatment has primarily focused on behavior and mental health; the children’s overall well-being has not received the same attention. A number of studies have investigated health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among victims of child maltreatment, but there is still a lack of knowledge about predictors of HRQoL in maltreated children and adolescents. This study seeks to bridge the gap by drawing data from the German multi-site study Child Abuse and Neglect Case-Management (CANMANAGE).

Methods

Parents or caregivers of 350 children and adolescents completed a proxy version of the Kidscreen-10-Index, a multidimensional instrument measuring child HRQoL. An additional 249 children age 8 years and older completed a self-report version. Multiple regression analyses were performed to identify potential predictors for both self- and proxy-rated HRQoL.

Results

Comparisons with the reference group revealed a significantly lower mean proxy-rated HRQoL, the self-rated HRQoL of the study sample was not significantly impaired. Predictors of impaired self-reported HRQoL were older age, self-reported posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), and self-reported emotional and behavioral symptoms. Predictors of impaired proxy-reported HRQoL again were older age, self-reported PTSS, and emotional and behavioral symptoms in the child/adolescent, as reported by the caregiver, as well as low socioeconomic status. Multivariate analysis explained 20% and 38% of the variability in self-reported and proxy-rated HRQoL, respectively.

Conclusions

It is important to treat PTSS and emotional and behavioral symptoms in maltreated children, as these two phenomena are strong cross-sectional predictors of a child’s HRQoL. Trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapies are one possible option to address the needs of such children.

     

Screen time and physical activity behaviours are associated with health-related quality of life in Australian adolescents

Purpose

To explore the cross-sectional relationships between health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and physical activity (PA) behaviours and screen-based media (SBM) use among a sample of Australian adolescents.

Methods

Data came from baseline measures collected for the It??s Your Move! community-based obesity prevention intervention. Questionnaire data on sociodemographics, PA, SBM and HRQoL were collected from 3,040 students (56% boys) aged 11?C18?years in grade levels 7?C11 in 12 secondary schools. Anthropometric data were measured.

Results

The highest level of PA at recess, lunchtime and after school was associated with higher HRQoL scores (boys, by 5.3, 8.1, 6.3 points; girls, by 4.2, 6.1, 8.2 points) compared with not being active during these periods. Exceeding 2?h of SBM use each day was associated with significantly lower HRQoL scores (boys, by 3.2 points; girls, by 4.0 points). Adolescents who were physically active and low SBM users on school days had higher HRQoL scores (boys, by 6.6 points; girls, by 7.8 points) compared with those who were not physically active every school day and high SBM users on school days.

Conclusions

Several of the relationships between low PA and high SBM use and HRQoL were comparable to those previously observed between chronic disease conditions and HRQoL, indicating that these behaviours deserve substantial attention.     

Early childhood factors influencing health-related quality of life in adolescents at 13 years

Early childhood factors influencing health-related quality of life in adolescents at 13 years . Wilkins , A.J. , O'Callaghan , M.J. , Najman , J.M. , Williams , G.M. & Shuttlewood , G. ( 2004 ) Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health 40 , 102 – 109 .     

Dietary patterns and health-related quality of life among Iranian adolescents

Quality of Life Research - Examining the associations of a-posteriori-defined dietary patterns and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among Iranian adolescents. This cross-sectional study was...     

Oral health-related quality of life in an aging Canadian population

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The purpose of the study is to describe the impact of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) on the lives of pre-seniors and seniors living in Nova Scotia, Canada. METHODS: This cross-sectional study involved 1461 participants, grouped by age (pre-seniors [45-64] and seniors [65+]) and residential status (long-term care facility [LTC] or community). OHRQoL was measured using the 14-item Oral Health Impact Profile questionnaire (OHIP-14) in a random digit dialing telephone survey (for community residents) or a face-to-face interview (for LTC residents). Intra-oral examinations were performed by one of six dentists calibrated to W.H.O. standards. RESULTS: Approximately one in four pre-seniors and seniors reported at least one OHRQoL impact 'fairly/very often'. The most commonly reported impacts were within the dimensions 'physical pain' and 'psychological discomfort'. It was found that 12.2% of LTC residents found it uncomfortable to eat any foods 'fairly/very' often compared to 7.7% in the community, and 11.6% of LTC residents reported being self-conscious 'fairly/very often' compared to 8.2% in the community. Of those residing in the community, pre-seniors (28.8%) reported significantly more impacts than seniors (22.0%); but there were no significant differences in OHRQoL between pre-seniors (21.2%) and seniors (25.3%) in LTC. Pre-seniors living in the community scored significantly higher than community dwelling seniors on prevalence, extent and severity of OHIP-14 scores. Logistic regression revealed that for the community dwelling sample, individuals living in rural areas in addition to those being born outside of Canada were approximately 2.0 times more likely to report an impact 'fairly/very often', whereas among the LTC sample, those having a high school education or less were 2.3 times more likely to report an impact. CONCLUSIONS: Findings indicate that the oral health and OHRQoL of both pre-seniors and seniors in LTC residents is poor. Community dwelling pre-seniors have the highest prevalence rate of oral impacts.     

Oral health-related quality of life of patients after heart transplantation and those with heart failure is associated with general health-related quality of life: a cross-sectional study

Quality of Life Research - The aim of this cross-sectional study was to examine the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in patients after heart transplantation (HTx) and those with heart...