卵巢储备功能下降妇女行促排卵疗法后经阴道彩超结果分析

目的 分析经阴道彩超检查卵巢储备功能下降妇女行促排卵疗法后的变化.方法 选取2013年6月至2016年6月期间我院收治的116例卵巢储备功能下降患者为研究对象,所有患者均经彩色多普勒超声检测卵巢间质动脉血流收缩期最大血流速度/舒张期末期血流速度(S/D)、卵巢最大切面平均直径(MOD)、窦卵泡数(AFC)、卵巢间质冬眠峰值流速(PSV)、卵巢动脉搏动指数(PI)、阻力指数(RI)、血清卵泡雌激素(FSH)、促黄体生成素(LH)、雌二醇(E2)水平、子宫体积、子宫内膜厚度和卵巢平均容积和妊娠率.分别于自然月经周期第2~3天测定和经促排卵疗法治疗后测定,并指导患者同房或进行宫腔内人工授精.结果 治疗后卵巢储备功能下降患者的S/D较治疗前差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗后卵巢储备功能下降患者的MOD、AFC、PSV、PI、E2水平、子宫体积、子宫内膜厚度、卵巢平均容积和妊娠率分别为(25.34±2.16)cm、(9.47±1.95)个、(15.13±2.15)cm/s、(2.31±1.15)、(74.82±9.28)pg/mL、(105.18±49.39)cm、(6.35±1.74)mm、(7.59±3.44)cm、27.59%,高于治疗前的(20.75±2.93)cm、(6.14±0.32)个、(9.11±2.86)cm/s、(1.95±0.62)、(32.47±10.78)pg/mL、(100.37±56.86)cm、(5.52±1.75)mm与(5.41±2.34)cm、0,RI、血清FSH和LH水平为(0.54±0.06)、(27.08±13.47)mIU/mL、(21.72±14.44)mIU/mL,较治疗前[(0.63±0.08)、(67.32±29.09)mIU/mL、(60.83±18.67)mIU/mL]显著降低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 促排卵疗法能够显著改善卵巢储备功能下降患者的卵巢储备功能,改善子宫状况和血清性激素水平,且经阴道彩超检查能够较好反映出患者治疗后的变化,对卵巢储备功能具有较好评价作用.     

充血性心力衰竭患者血浆心钠素,血管紧张素Ⅱ和醛固酮的含量测定

用放射免疫分析方法对68例充血性心力衰竭(CHF)患者和32例正常人的血浆心钠素(ANP)、血管紧张素Ⅱ(AⅡ)和醛固酮(ALD)的含量进行了检测。结果 ANP,AⅡ和 ALD 的含量分别为3683.52±579.14pg/ml,181.73±70.85pg/ml,203.25±83.95pg/ml,显著高于对照组水平(分别为2080.14±412.74pg/ml,84.73±26.11pg/ml,180.30±47.30pg/ml)(P<0.01,0.01,0.05),并且 ANP 与 ALD 呈显著正相关(r=0.53,P<0.01);AⅡ与 ALD、ANP呈显著负相关(r=-0.46,-0.48,P<0.01)。文中对 CHF 的体液调控机理及ANP,AⅡ和 ALD 含量变化的意义进行了讨论。     

血清抑制素B、窦卵泡数预测高龄不育妇女卵巢储备功能的临床研究

目的:探讨血清抑制素B(INHB)、窦卵泡数检测值在预测高龄不育妇女卵巢储备功能方面的临床价值。方法:检测50例年轻健康人群中月经正常的育龄妇女及50例高龄不育妇女血清抑制素值,采用(经阴道和腹部联合)超声检查方式对所有研究对象卵巢的体积、窦卵泡数、卵巢皮质血流情况进行测量,对卵巢储备功能进行监测。结果:血清中抑制素水平检测值正常妇女组为(71.12±29.23)pg/ml,高龄不育组为(13.67±9.23)pg/ml,统计学分析示两组间有显著性差异。正常组窦卵泡数>15,高龄不育组<10,两组比较亦有统计学意义。结论:INHB水平是反映卵巢储备功能的直接指标,较促卵泡成熟激素(FSH)、E2和FSH/LH(促黄体激素)比值更早期、更敏感;对预测卵巢储备功能具有一定的临床价值。窦卵泡计数也是反映卵巢储备能力的一项重要指标。     

生殖激素检测在不孕症136例实验诊断中应用

目的:探讨生殖激素检测在不孕症妇女诊断中的应用价值。方法:采用全自动电化学发光分析系统对不孕症136例不同月经周期卵泡刺激素(FSH)、黄体生成素(LH)、雌二醇(E2)、催乳素(PRL)、孕酮(P)、睾酮(T)进行测定,并与正常育龄妇女比较。结果:与正常育龄妇女相比,不孕妇女卵泡期FSH(4.24±2.90mIU/ml)、E2(38.6±29.5pg/ml)降低,PRL(22.9±24.5ng/ml)升高;排卵期FSH(6.25±3.54mIu/ml)、LH(8.79±6.49pg/ml)、E2(87.3±65.7pg/ml)降低;黄体期P(9.46±2.36ng/ml)降低,PRL(98.9±41.0pg/ml)、LH(5.79±2.04mIu/ml)升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:6项生殖激素的检测对不孕妇女的诊断有重要作用。     

国产rhFSH与果纳芬对排卵障碍患者促排卵的临床观察

目的:比较国产重组人促卵泡激素(rhFSH)(金赛药业)与果纳芬(雪兰诺公司)对排卵障碍的不孕患者促排卵治疗的疗效,评价国产rhFSH的治疗作用,了解卵泡生长速率及生殖内分泌激素水平变化的规律。方法:将排卵障碍不孕患者54例随机分为A组34例、B组20例,进行促排卵治疗,A组给予国产rhFSH促排卵,B组给予果纳芬促排卵,观察两组疗效。结果:A、B两组的用药总量、平均每日用药量、平均促排卵天数、HCG日≥18mm卵泡数目、优势卵泡平均生长速率、HCG日血E2、LH、P水平、HCG日子宫内膜厚度、排卵后6d的P值、排卵率、妊娠率、分娩率分别为(1062.5±505.7)(375～2175)IU和(1157.5±470.6)(375～2325)IU;(105.8±28.2)(75～150)IU和(114.9±30.3)(75～150)IU;(10.0±4.3)(5～20)d和(10.4±4.0)(5～20)d;(1.3±0.7)个和(1.3±0.6)个;(1.7±0.2)mm/d和(1.5±0.2)mm/d;(2283.1±2350.0)pg/mL,(6.9±5.4)pg/mL,(1.4±1.2)ng/mL和(2098.2±2454.2)pg/mL,(8.4±5.8)pg/mL,(1.3±0.8)ng/mL;(10.7±0.4)mm和(10.3±0.7)mm;(31.7±37.8)ng/mL和(33.3±29.1)ng/mL;82.4%和90.0%;17.6%和25.0%,66.7%和80.0%(P>0.05)。结论:国产rhFSH具有良好的促排卵疗效,身体反应过程一致,作用不弱于果纳芬。     

多囊卵巢综合征不孕应用二甲双胍联合炔雌醇环丙孕酮治疗的价值探析

目的 探析多囊卵巢综合征不孕应用二甲双胍联合炔雌醇环丙孕酮治疗的价值.方法 方便选取2014年5月—2016年4月该院收治的86例多囊卵巢综合征不孕患者作为观察目标,按照摸球法分为参照组(n=43)和试验组(n=43),参照组采用炔雌醇环丙孕酮治疗,试验组在参照组基础上联合二甲双胍治疗,观察并比较两组临床治疗效果.结果 试验组治疗后睾酮(1.4±0.1)nmol/L、胰岛素(8.6±3.5)mIU/L以及FSH(5.9±2.0)U/L、LH(6.3±1.4)U/L、LH/FSH(1.5±0.2)的改善效果优于参照组(1.5±0.2)nmol/L、(14.2±6.0)mIU/L、(5.1±1.9)U/L、(12.9±5.8)U/L、(2.5±0.1),组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组排卵率88.4%、妊娠率69.8%与参照组53.5%、46.5%比较,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组流产率比较,参照组高于试验组(P<0.05).结论 二甲双胍联合炔雌醇环丙孕酮治疗多囊卵巢综合征不孕效果肯定,有利于提高妊娠率和降低流产率,其可作为理想治疗方案在临床中积极推广使用.     

血清HE4、AMH、INHB在卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿中的表达及意义

目的探讨人附睾分泌蛋白E4(HE4)、抗苗勒氏管激素(AMH)、抑制素B(INHB)在卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿中的表达及意义。方法选取2016年1月至2018年1月在我院治疗的卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿患者42例(卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿组)和卵巢单纯囊肿患者53例(卵巢单纯囊肿组),检测两组血清HE4、AMH、INHB水平。结果卵巢子宫内膜囊肿组HE4水平为(65. 22±10. 41) pmol/L,明显高于卵巢单纯囊肿组,差异有统计学意义(P<0. 05),而AMH和INHB分别为(1. 41±0. 52) ng/m L和(24. 41±2. 80) pg/m L,明显低于卵巢单纯囊肿组,差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05);Spearman秩相关分析显示AMH、INHB与患者年龄呈负相关(r=-0. 435和-0. 401,P<0. 05);单双侧子宫内内膜异位囊肿患者HE4、AMH、INHB比较差异无统计学意义(P>0. 05);血清HE4、AMH、INHB鉴别子宫内内膜异位囊肿的ROC曲线下面积分别为0. 776、0. 926和0. 867(P<0. 05)。结论血清HE4、AMH、INHB在卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿鉴别诊断中有一定应用价值,同时AMH和INHB与患者年龄相关,与单双侧受累无明显关系。     

血清HE4、AMH、INHB在卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿中的表达及意义

目的探讨人附睾分泌蛋白E4(HE4)、抗苗勒氏管激素(AMH)、抑制素B(INHB)在卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿中的表达及意义。方法选取2016年1月至2018年1月在我院治疗的卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿患者42例(卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿组)和卵巢单纯囊肿患者53例(卵巢单纯囊肿组),检测两组血清HE4、AMH、INHB水平。结果卵巢子宫内膜囊肿组HE4水平为(65. 22±10. 41) pmol/L,明显高于卵巢单纯囊肿组,差异有统计学意义(P<0. 05),而AMH和INHB分别为(1. 41±0. 52) ng/mL和(24. 41±2. 80) pg/mL,明显低于卵巢单纯囊肿组,差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05);Spearman秩相关分析显示AMH、INHB与患者年龄呈负相关(r=-0. 435和-0. 401,P<0. 05);单双侧子宫内内膜异位囊肿患者HE4、AMH、INHB比较差异无统计学意义(P>0. 05);血清HE4、AMH、INHB鉴别子宫内内膜异位囊肿的ROC曲线下面积分别为0. 776、0. 926和0. 867(P<0. 05)。结论血清HE4、AMH、INHB在卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿鉴别诊断中有一定应用价值,同时AMH和INHB与患者年龄相关,与单双侧受累无明显关系。     

温肾养血颗粒治疗卵泡发育不良性不孕症临床研究

目的:观察温肾养血颗粒对卵泡发育的影响,初步探讨温肾养血颗粒调控卵泡发育的机理.方法:选取60例卵泡发育不良性(follicular maldevelopment,FM)不孕症肾虚血瘀型患者,按随机数字表法分为中药组、西药组,每组30例,分别给予温肾养血颗粒(柴胡、泽兰、益母草、牛膝、淫羊藿、菟丝子、枸杞子等)、枸橼酸氯米芬,共观察3个月经周期.检测患者治疗前后血清黄体生成素(LH)、卵泡刺激素(FSH)、雌激素(E2)、抑制素B(inhibin B,INHB)、激活素A(activin A,ACTA)、卵泡抑素(follistatin,FS)水平；监测卵泡发育及基础体温.结果:两组临床疗效比较,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).中药组在中医证候疗效、排卵率和排卵日子宫内膜厚度方面明显优于西药组,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).与本组治疗前比较,中药组和西药组治疗后第1个月经周期第3天血清E2 、FSH、LH、INHB、ACTA及FS比较无统计学差异(P＞0.05),第10天血清INHB及FS升高,ACTA降低,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:温肾养血颗粒可以改善FM患者的中医证候,调控卵泡发育,其作用可能是通过调节FM患者下丘脑-垂体-卵巢系统和卵巢局部因子INHB、ACTA、FSH的表达的完成.     

抗缪勒管激素和血清抑制素B检测对卵巢储备功能预测的效果观察

目的探讨抗缪勒管激素(AMH)与血清抑制素B(INHB)对卵巢储备功能的临床预测价值。方法回顾性分析2017年1月至2018年7月在我院接受体外受精-胚胎移植治疗的83例女性不孕者的临床资料,根据体外受精周期中控性促超排卵周期获卵数分为卵巢低反应组(获卵数≤5个,28例)与卵巢正常反应组(获卵数>5个,55例),2组均接受AMH、INHB、卵泡刺激素(FSH)以及窦卵泡计数(AFC)检查,分析检查结果。结果卵巢低反应组AMH、INHB以及AFC值均低于卵巢正常反应组,FSH值高于卵巢正常反应组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论血清AMH与INHB对女性卵巢储备功能具有较高的临床预测价值,可为后续治疗提供依据。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.