多形式人际沟通教育提高护生沟通能力

目的了解护理人员CPR过程中胸外按压的效果,为针对性培训提供依据。方法对205名急诊护士CPR培训后进行操作考核,并分阶段（每阶段10次）对胸外按压的按压部位、按压频率及有效性进行分析。结果3个阶段按压部位、频率及有效性比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论随着按压时间延长,护理人员胸外按压部位、频率及有效性的正确率下降,应针对其薄弱点进行培训和练习,以提高急诊护士的CPR技能。     

护生临床人际沟通能力的培养

在《护理人际学》教学中，对2000级260名大专护生采用融实践与课堂为一体、促发能力型的模式教学。结果，该课授完后，护生考试成绩平均82.3分，人际沟通能力明显提高。提示设计以学生为主体的教学模式，可大幅度提高护生在临床实践中的人际沟通能力。     

PBL教学方法训练护生健康教育能力探讨

目的探讨PBL教学方法对训练护生健康教育能力的作用.方法将101名护生随机分为实验组(59名)和对照组(42名).对照组采用传统教学法训练护生的健康教育能力;实验组采用PBL教学方法,即护生按教学目标要求选择病例,发现、分析和解决患者的健康教育问题.结果 89.0%以上护生认为学习的主动性、健康教育水平和沟通能力均得到提高;两组护生健康教育能力比较,差异有显著性意义(均P<0.01).结论 PBL教学方法拓宽了护生的知识面,提高了护生健康教育水平,使护生健康教育能力训练落到实处.     

护生人际沟通能力与职业自我概念相关性分析

目的 探讨护生人际沟通能力与职业自我概念之间的关系,为提高护生临床实践能力提供指导.方法 采用支持性沟通量表、护士自我描述问卷,对324名护生的人际沟通能力和职业自我概念进行问卷调查.结果 护生人际沟通能力及其各因子与职业自我概念呈显著正相关(均P＜0.01);来自城市、曾经担任班干部、喜爱护理学专业的护生的职业自我概念得分高于来自农村、未担任过班干部、不喜爱护理专业的护生(均P＜0.05);85.08%护生知晓人际沟通能力,28.7%护生知晓职业自我概念.结论 护生人际沟通能力与职业自我概念密切相关.可针对护生实际情况,通过提高人际沟通能力加强其职业自我概念,同时注意加强职业自我概念理论教育培训,以提高护生职业自我概念的整体水平.     

实习护生人格特征对人际沟通能力的影响

目的了解实习护生人格特征对人际沟通能力的影响。方法采用中文版加利福尼亚心理调查表（CPI-RC）中的V．1（外向-内向）、V．2（常规趋闻一常规异向）、V．3（自我实现）3个结构量表和带教教师对护生人际沟通评价表对475名临床实习护生进行调查。结果护生中A1Pha型人格138名（29．05％）,Beta型人格130名（27．37％）,Gamma型人格117名（24．63％）,Delta型人格90名（18．95％）;其人际沟通能力总体评分为（74．00士15．55）分;不同人格特征实习护生人际沟通能力评分比较．差异有统计学意义（P＜0．01）。结论人格特征对实习护生的人际沟通能力有影响。在实习阶段,需根据不同人格特征有针对性地培养护生的人际沟通能力。     

实习护生人格特征对人际沟通能力的影响

目的 了解实习护生人格特征对人际沟通能力的影响.方法 采用中文版加利福尼亚心理调查表(CPI-RC)中的V.1(外向一内向)、V.2(常规趋间一常规异向)、V.3(自我实现)3个结构量表和带教教师对护生人际沟通评价表对475名临床实习护生进行调查.结果 护生中AIPha型人格138名(29.05%),Beta型人格130名(27.37%),Gamma型人格117名(24.63%),Delta型人格90名(18.95%);其人际沟通能力总体评分为(74.00±15.55)分;不同人格特征实习护生人际沟通能力评分比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论 人格特征对实习护生的人际沟通能力有影响.在实习阶段,需根据不同人格特征有针对性地培养护生的人际沟通能力.     

心理卫生教育对高职护生心理健康状态的影响

目的探讨心理卫生教育对高职护生心理健康状态的影响。方法对120名高职护生开展心理卫生教育干预,内容包括心理卫生知识讲授、小组咨询、专业教学与心理健康教学相结合、心理健康宣传活动和心理健康网站利用、建立护生心理档案等。干预后采用SCL-90症状自评量表测评。结果干预前强迫症状、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执、其他因子分及总均分显著高于常模（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）;干预后强迫症状、人际关系敏感、偏执及其他症状4项因子分显著低于常模（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）;心理卫生教育前后SCL-90自评结果除躯体化、抑郁、恐怖及精神病性因子外,其余各项因子均分比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）。结论心理卫生教育可提高护生的心理健康水平。     

心理卫生教育对高职护生心理健康状态的影响

目的探讨心理卫生教育对高职护生心理健康状态的影响。方法对120名高职护生开展心理卫生教育干预,内容包括心理卫生知识讲授、小组咨询、专业教学与心理健康教学相结合、心理健康宣传活动和心理健康网站利用、建立护生心理档案等。干预后采用SCL-90症状自评量表测评。结果干预前强迫症状、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执、其他因子分及总均分显著高于常模(P0.05,P0.01);干预后强迫症状、人际关系敏感、偏执及其他症状4项因子分显著低于常模(P0.05,P0.01);心理卫生教育前后SCL-90自评结果除躯体化、抑郁、恐怖及精神病性因子外,其余各项因子均分比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05,P0.01)。结论心理卫生教育可提高护生的心理健康水平。     

护生参与社区老人健康教育的实践

目的探讨护生参与社区老人健康教育的必要性和可行性。方法选择本校2002级高护专业110名护生到社区对172名退休老人进行健康教育，包括集体教育、小组教育和单人教育，并分析健康教育前后学习成绩及健康教育的能力。结果社区老人对护生健康教育效果评价较高（70．93％～97．09％），满意度高（70．93％～95．93％），护生对参加社区老人健康教育评价高（77．27％～100．00％）。结论参与社区老人健康教育能促进护生积极的学习态度和专业情感的形成，锻炼学生的社会化能力和人际沟通技巧，同时促进预防保健知识在实践中得到应用。     

实习护生沟通能力的调查分析

目的了解护生实习期间人际沟通的情况。方法对3所医院的136例患者、116名护理带教老师、148名护生采用自行设计的的问卷进行调查。结果护生均能认识到沟通的重要性，但不能很好应用沟通技巧；沟通意识不强；与医生沟通时感觉最紧张。结论培养护生的沟通意识，注重护生的心理健康．加强临床老师对护生的引导．可增强护生的沟通能力。     

团体心理辅导对护生人际关系及班级凝聚力的影响

目的 探讨团体心理辅导对班级凝聚力的影响.方法 对本校2009级涉外护理专业68名护生进行团体心理辅导,具体包括6个专题培训:认识自我训练;角色适应训练;人际交往训练;情绪调控训练;合作与竞争训练;学习适应训练.一共6次活动,每周1次,每次1.5～2.0 h,共6周.采用班级凝聚力问卷和人际关系量表分别于团体心理辅导前后进行分析比较.结果 团体心理辅导前后班级凝聚力和护生人际关系总分比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),而班级管理、待人接物及与异性朋友交往维度差异无统计学意义(均P＞0.05).结论 团体心理辅导方案有助于提高班级凝聚力、改善护生现存的人际关系问题,尤其是在交谈方面、交际与交友方面得到了明显的提高,但在与异性朋友交往能力、待人接物上改变不明显.     

Improving quality through multidisciplinary education

Multidisciplinary education (MDE) is perceived as the next means of implementing major improvements in the quality and cost-effectiveness of patient care. In this article, the authors discuss various definitions of MDE, evaluate how MDE might be implemented in clinical arenas relevant to the anesthesiologist, and describe several implementations of MDE within their hospital and the anesthesiology department.     

护理本科生沟通技能态度及影响因素调查研究

目的了解护理本科生沟通技能态度现状并分析其影响因素。方法采用方便取样,应用一般资料问卷和中文版沟通技能态度量表对192名护理本科生进行调查。结果护理本科生沟通技能正性态度得分为50.00±6.00,负性态度得分为34.51±4.73。实践经历较多、自觉其沟通技能有待提高、热爱护理专业的学生倾向于有较强烈的正性态度;男生有较强烈的负性态度。结论护理本科生对沟通技能的态度较积极。实践经历、自评沟通技能、是否热爱护理专业及性别影响学生对沟通技能的态度。     

Assisting nursing students' understanding of nursing core system through case analysis in training

目的 探讨案例分析法在护生护理核心制度培训中的应用效果.方法 针对14项护理核心制度,由带教老师收集临床工作中相关案例,整编为实践情景案例和警示案例,并每月集中进行护理核心制度案例讨论分析,通过案例分析引导护生自我思考,促进护生对护理核心制度的理解、掌握和落实.结果 护生对案例分析法培训的满意率达83.3％～95.5％；护生的护理核心制度理论考试合格率为90.9％；培训后护理差错发生数相对下降.结论 应用案例分析教学法对护生进行护理核心制度培训,能够紧密将理论与实践结合起来,促进护生对核心制度的理解认识,使核心制度在工作中得到较好的落实.     

行动学习法在护理礼仪与人际沟通教学的应用

目的 探讨行动学习法在《护理礼仪与人际沟通》教学中的应用效果。 方法 将高职护理专业4个班级253名学生分为两组,对照组(n=126)采取传统课堂讲授法,观察组(n=127)采用行动学习法完成课堂教学。学期末进行理论考试,并采用自行设计问卷调查两组学生对本课程教学方法的效果评价。 结果 观察组理论考试成绩显著高于对照组,学生的沟通交流能力、学习兴趣及积极性、分析问题及解决问题能力等评分显著高于对照组（P＜0.05,P＜0.01）。 结论 行动学习法有利于提高教学效果,培养学生的人文素养,提升学生综合素质。     

基于关怀理念的教学模式在护理人际沟通教学中的应用

目的探讨基于关怀理念的课程教学模式对提高护生关怀品质的效果。方法构建基于关怀理念的课程教学模式,并在76名高职护生《护理人际沟通》教学中实施。结果教学后护生人文关怀品质总分和护理人文关怀能力及关怀感知2个维度得分显著高于教学前(P0.05,P0.01);94.7%的护生认为课程学习有助于对关怀重要性的认识,96.0%的护生认为提高了关怀能力,100%护生认为有助于今后的实习和工作,93.4%的护生认为教学内容安排妥当,90.8%的护生认为教学方法合适,94.7%的护生认为课程考核形式恰当。结论基于关怀理念的课程教学模式有助于护生对关怀重要性的认识,有效提高了护生的关怀品质,得到了护生的广泛认可。     

A changing culture in interpersonal and communication skills

In summary it is essential that we improve our interpersonal and communication skills. We can learn and be taught better skills. We will be evaluated on these skills in the future, and it is important for us to establish ourselves as good role models for the future surgeons who will be entering our profession. It is of benefit to our patients and will give them a better understanding of their disease and elevate their level of healthcare. It is also important to us to help reduce our stress and to eliminate burnout. We can improve our interpersonal and communication skills in many ways. First we must be aware that there is a problem and recognize this as a problem that can be solved and that we do need to improve our current skills. This can be done through multiple educational tools such as lectures, videos, and self-assessments. The responsibility for this culture change ranges from top to bottom, but really begins at the bottom. It is important for all of us especially individuals such as myself, who is not only a practicing surgeon but also a surgeon in a leadership position, a surgeon who teaches medical students and residents, and a chairman who develops the careers of young faculty members. It is important for organizations such as the Southeastern Surgical Congress to recognize this need of our members and to conduct seminars, luncheons, and courses in helping us acquire better skills and also giving us some assessment of the current status of our skills. The American College of Surgeons has already addressed this issue by forming the Task Force on Communication and Educational Skills. Various examining boards have already incorporated this into requirements and expectations of future physicians and surgeons. We must establish ourselves as good role models. Being a good role model cannot be overemphasized. We are very fortunate in being good role models in medical knowledge and mastering phenomenal technical feats; however, this is not enough. It is also important that we also improve our interpersonal and communication skills. We must establish goals and outcomes for ourselves and work on ways of assessing these to ensure that we are effective in improving our skills. We must incorporate interpersonal and communication skills into our training programs, postgraduate courses, and all aspects of lifelong continuing education. Addressing the improvement of our interpersonal and communication skills will have many beneficial effects including improved patient outcomes, a better healthcare status for our patients, and a high level of confidence that patients have in us as physicians and surgeons. We do at times have a less than ideal collegial relationship with other disciplines in medicine. This faulty relationship needs to be rectified. We need to restore and maintain a high collegial relationship with everyone in medicine not only other physicians, but also nurses, paramedical personnel, and others. These changes will require a great deal of effort and will take some considerable time. Initially laparoscopic cholecystectomy and laparoscopic skills were not adequately learned but with recognition of its importance, education, and time, we became master surgeons. We are very fortunate to have residents and practitioners with superb laparoscopic skills that they acquired during their training and in structured postgraduate courses. Likewise it is important to incorporate interpersonal and communication skills into our training programs and our continuing medical educational programs. Finally, this is not just a touchy-feely issue, but it is one of surgical professionalism. It is critical for us to address this as an important issue since it will enhance the good qualities that we already possess. Let's start today. I have enjoyed this year being your President, and wish to thank you for the opportunity of addressing you this morning.     

基于网络平台的混合式教学在护理人际沟通实践课程的应用

目的探讨混合式教学在护理人际沟通实践教学中的应用效果。方法将202名高职护生随机分为对照组(n=103)和观察组(n=99),对照组实施教师课堂示范、护生课上练习为主的传统实践教学;观察组应用"优慕课"教学工具进行混合式教学。结果教学后,观察组护生实践成绩、人文关怀能力得分显著高于对照组(均P0.01);90.0%以上的观察组护生认可此教学方式能够提高学习兴趣和积极性,提高自主学习、团队协作等能力。结论基于网络平台的混合式教学能够提高护生的实践能力、人文关怀能力。