周边视网膜冷凝联合睫状体冷凝治疗新生血管性青光眼

目的评价周边视网膜冷凝联合睫状体冷凝治疗新生血管性青光眼的效果。方法总结68例(72眼)的临床资料，对术后效果进行分析、评价。结果68例(72眼)患者术后1周～1年平均眼压19．83mmHg(2．65kPa)，术后1月大部分新生血管萎缩退化。结论周边视网膜冷凝联合睫状体冷凝治新生血管性青光眼是一种比较有效的方法。     

睫状体及周边视网膜冷凝治疗新生血管性青光眼

目的评价因某些原因不能行全视网膜光凝治疗的新生血管性青光眼行睫状体及周边视网膜冷凝治疗的临床效果。方法应用英国D.O.R.C.1500.02冷凝器对42例(42眼)新生血管性青光眼进行睫状体及周边视网膜冷凝治疗。结果术后随访6～24个月,30例(71.43%)眼压在正常范围;5例(11.90%)眼压轻度升高,局部用5 g/L噻吗洛尔滴眼液控制到正常;7例(11.67%)眼压未得到控制,1月后再次行冷凝治疗后眼压在正常范围。未见持续性低眼压及眼球萎缩发生。结论对于屈光间质混浊等无法进行全视网膜光凝治疗的新生血管性青光眼,睫状体及周边视网膜冷凝是一种有效的治疗方法。     

不同手术方式治疗晚期新生血管性青光眼的临床研究

目的:比较不同手术方式治疗晚期新生血管性青光眼的临床疗效。方法:将46例晚期新生血管性青光眼患者随机分成2组。A组23例采用睫状体及周边视网膜冷凝术,B组23例采用睫状体及周边视网膜冷凝术联合小梁切除自体巩膜条引流术。术后随访 6~12个月,观察2组患者术后眼压、虹膜新生血管、眼球外形及并发症等情况。结果:2组患者眼压控制率和虹膜新生血管消退率及眼球萎缩率差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05~P<0.01）。结论:睫状体及周边视网膜冷凝术联合小梁切除自体巩膜条引流术治疗晚期新生血管性青光眼的疗效确切,不仅能长期有效地控制眼压,而且能很好地保留眼球外观,且术后并发症少。     

次全视网膜联合睫状体冷凝治疗新生血管性青光眼研究

目的评价次全视网膜冷凝联合睫状体冷凝治疗新生血管性青光眼在基层医院的应用效果。方法回顾分析13例行次全视网膜冷凝联合睫状体冷凝治疗的新生血管性青光眼病例。结果术后随访6月～1年，11例眼压控制在10-21mmHg，有效率达76．92％，主要并发症为角膜水肿、球结膜水肿、前房纤维素性渗出、低眼压等。结论次全视网膜冷凝联合睫状体冷凝是基层医院治疗新生血管性青光眼比较有效的方法。     

视网膜光凝联合冷凝对新生血管性青光眼的疗效观察

目的探讨视网膜光凝联合周边视网膜冷凝治疗新生血管性青光眼的疗效。方法对31例（33眼）新生血管性青光眼患者施行视网膜光凝联合周边视网膜冷凝术,随访5～24个月,观察术后视力、眼压、虹膜及房角新生血管情况。结果末次复诊视力提高23眼（69.7%）,视力不变10眼,28眼眼压控制在正常范围,有效率84.8%,5眼眼压偏高,平均25.7 mmHg,但均低于术前。术后10 d～1个月,虹膜表面及房角新生血管明显减少,术后3个月,除5眼眼压偏高者新生血管仍少量存在之外,其余患眼新生血管均完全消退。结论视网膜光凝联合周边视网膜冷凝可改善视网膜缺血缺氧,促使新生血管退化,并发症少,安全有效。     

新生血管性青光眼的晚期治疗及疗效分析

目的评价全视网膜睫状体冷凝术治疗晚期新生血管性青光眼的效果。方法应用冷凝器对37例（32眼）晚期青光眼进行全视网膜睫状体冷凝。结果随访6个月～2年,有29眼眼压降至正常范围,视力保持术前水平,有3眼术后滤过泡消失,眼压回升,虹膜红变复发,再次行睫状体冷凝术。5例出现眼球萎缩。结论全视网膜睫状体冷凝术是治疗晚期新生血管性青光眼的一种有效方法。     

前部视网膜冷凝联合接触性经巩膜睫状体光凝术治疗晚期新生血管性青光眼疗效观察

目的:探讨晚期新生血管性青光眼前部视网膜冷凝联合接触性经巩膜睫状体光凝术治疗.方法:对28例(28只眼)晚期新生血管性青光眼施行前部视网膜冷凝联合接触性经巩膜睫状体光凝术.结果:本组病例随访6～24个月,平均15个月,眼压均控制良好.视力术后有所提高或保持不变,无眼球萎缩发生.结论:该方案治疗晚期新生血管性青光眼是有效安全可行的.     

12例新生血管性青光眼的治疗

为探讨睫状体冷冻及前段视网膜冷凝术，。对治疗新生血管性青光眼提供有益经验，我们对１２例新生血管性青光眼进行睫状体冷冻及前段视网膜冷凝术，随访１到１２个月，随访检查：眼压，虹膜面新生血管等。结果显示：１２例患者中，１０例眼压降至正常范围，２例眼压仍高，术后一周内虹膜面新生血管明显减少甚至消失。     

青光眼阀植入联合视网膜冷凝治疗新生血管性青光眼的疗效观察

目的探讨青光眼阀联合视网膜冷凝治疗新生血管性青光眼的疗效.方法分析2001年3月至2004年12月在我院住院的新生血管性青光眼患者33例(18例采用青光眼阀植入联合视网膜冷凝术;15例采用青光眼阀植入术)术后视力、眼压及并发症.结果采用青光眼阀植入联合视网膜冷凝术组术后视力提高率、眼压控制率均高于青光眼阀植入组.且其术后发生前房出血、引流管阻塞明显低于后组.结论采用全视网膜冷凝术联合青光眼阀植入手术,既增加了房水外流,又改善了视网膜缺血、缺氧,使新生血管退化,减少了术后并发症的发生.对新生血管性青光眼治疗可以获得较为理想的效果.     

新生血管性青光眼手术治疗分析

目的比较不同手术方法治疗新生血管性青光眼（NVC）的疗效。方法对30例30只眼NVG的不同手术方式进行回顾性分析,其中行单纯睫状体冷凝术10例,周边视网膜冷凝联合睫状体冷凝术13例,小梁切除＋睫状体冷凝＋次全视网膜冷凝术7例。比较患者手术前后主观眼痛症状、眼压及视力变化情况。随访10-28个月。结果患者出院时的平均眼压：A组为（28.08±5.11）mmHg,B组为（20.60±6.28）mmHg,C组为（19.43±7.07）mmHg。随访期间,术后A组4例眼压正常,手术成功率40%,B组10例眼压正常,手术成功率76.9%,C组4例眼压正常,手术成功率57.1%。结论对于不同病情的NVG患者,可以采用不同的手术方式进行治疗。传统睫状体冷凝术在缓解疼痛及降低眼压方面作用明显,但疗效欠稳定,术后并发症多。小梁切除＋睫状体冷凝＋次全视网膜冷凝术手术要求较高,容易引起新生血管出血。对于晚期病例合并屈光间质浑浊的新生血管性青光眼,选择次全视网膜冷凝联合睫状体冷凝治疗是一种较理想的方法。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.