急性冠脉综合征合并糖尿病患者冠状动脉狭窄程度与血脂关系的研究

目的：探讨急性冠脉综合征（ACS）合并糖尿病（DM）患者冠状动脉狭窄程度与血脂代谢异常的关系。方法：将临床确诊为ACS合并DM且已行冠状动脉造影的68例患者，根据冠状动脉造影结果分为三组，即冠脉轻度、中度和重度狭窄组，分别检测三组患者的总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（Ⅲ）L-C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）及载脂蛋白A1（apoAl）、载脂蛋白B（apoB）。结果：三组患者的TG、LDL-C、HDL-C及apoB水平差异有显著性意义。结论：TG、LDL—C、HDL—C及apoB水平在ACS合并DM患者冠状动脉病变的发生及受损程度上起着重要作用，脂代谢异常可能影响冠状动脉病变程度。     

2型糖尿病冠状动脉病变与血脂关系的临床研究

目的：探讨2型糖尿病患者冠状动脉病变与血脂代谢异常的关系。方法：测定89例行冠状动脉造影(简称冠脉造影)的2型糖尿病患者的总胆固醇(TC)，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL—C)，低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL—C)，甘油三酯(TG)及空腹血糖(BG)。根据造影结果分为冠脉造影阴性组、单支单处病变组和多支多处病变组，比较各组间的血脂及血糖。结果：单支单处病变组和多支多处病变组患者的TG，TC和LDL—C水平均高于冠脉造影阴性组，HDL—C水平低于冠脉造影阴性组。多支多处病变组的TC，LDL—C水平高于单支单处病变组。结论：糖尿病伴血脂异常与冠心病的关系密切。TC和LDL—C水平影响冠状动脉病变范围。     

血浆纤维蛋白原及脂蛋白水平与冠脉病变程度相关性分析

目的探讨血浆纤维蛋白原(Fig)及血浆总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度晰蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)及甘油三酯(TG)含量的变化与冠脉狭窄程度的相关性。方法应用冠状动脉造影和冠脉积分法,将292例患者分为冠脉正常组及冠脉不同程度病变组,分别检测其血中Fig、TC、LDL-C HDL-C及TG水平。结果血浆中Fig、TC、LDL-C及TG与冠脉狭窄程度呈正相关(P<0.01),HDL-C与冠脉狭窄程度呈负相关(p<0.01)。结论血中Fig、TC、LDH-C及TG水平升高及HDL-C水平降低与冠脉病变的发生及发展密切相关。     

血脂代谢紊乱与冠状动脉病变严重程度的关系

目的:分析血脂代谢异常与冠状动脉狭窄程度的关系.方法:对366例因胸痛而就诊的患者行选择性冠状动脉造影,按冠状动脉狭窄程度分为正常对照组、单支病变组、双支病变组、多支病变组.同时观察患者血脂各成分,并对各组指标进行统计学分析.结果:总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三脂(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C),在各组之间存在差异,尤其多支病变组与正常组之间差异显著(P＜0.01).TC、TG、LDL-C随冠状动脉病变加重而增加,HDL-C随冠状动脉病变加重而减少,LDL-C与冠状动脉狭窄程度呈正相关,HDL-C与冠状动脉狭窄程度呈负相关.结论:血脂代谢紊乱与冠状动脉狭窄的发生发展有内在的联系,对于预测有无冠状动脉病变及其进展有一定临床意义.     

胆红素水平与冠状动脉病变关系的临床研究

目的探讨胆红素水平与冠状动脉病变之间的关系。方法对196患者进行冠状动脉造影。根据冠状动脉病变情况分为4组;冠状动脉正常组(n=30)、轻度狭窄组(n=36)、中度狭窄组(n=52)和重度狭窄组(n=78)。检测各组患者总胆红素、直接胆红素、间接胆红素、总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、高密度酯蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度酯蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平,并进行各组间比较。结果冠状动脉正常组和轻度狭窄组,血浆总胆红素、直接胆红素、间接胆红素均正常,而中度狭窄组和重度狭窄组均明显降低,与正常组和轻度狭窄组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。中度狭窄组、重度狭窄组血TC、LDL-C均升高,HDL-C均降低与正常组和轻度狭窄组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论血中胆红素水平与冠状动脉病变呈负相关。     

冠心病合并2型糖尿病患者脂代谢和冠状动脉病变特点

目的 探讨冠心病合并2型糖尿病(DM)患者脂代谢异常与冠状动脉病变特点. 方法 将538例经冠脉造影诊断冠心病的患者分为糖尿病组和非糖尿病(NDM)组,对比分析两组血脂及冠脉病变特点. 结果 冠心病合并DM组与NDM组比较,年龄、性别差异无显著性( P>0.05).DM组血脂水平TG、LDL-C较NDM组明显升高( P<0.05),HDL-C水平较NDM组明显下降(P<0.05).冠心病 合并DM组患者冠脉三支病变、弥漫性病变较NDM组明显增多( P<0.05) 结论 合并DM的冠心病患者与不合并DM的冠心病患者血脂代谢及冠状动脉病变有显著差异,前者脂代谢异常明显,多支病变及弥漫性病变发生率高.     

血脂代谢与冠状动脉病变的相关分析

目的研究冠心病（CHD）患者血脂特点,探讨血脂代谢与冠状动脉病变的关系。方法选择经冠状动脉造影证实有1支以上主要冠状动脉狭窄程度≥50%的CHD患者206例,并以同期、同年龄范围的主要冠状动脉狭窄程度<50%的疑似CHD患者168例为对照组,对两组血脂代谢与冠状动脉病变的关系进行统计分析。结果(1)CHD组的甘油三酯（TG）和低密度脂蛋白（LDL-C）明显高于对照组,高密度脂蛋白（HDL-C）低于对照组,而胆固醇（TC）仅轻度高于对照组;(2)多元逐步回归分析的有价值的判别指标为LDL-C;(3)CHD组高TG者占56.8%,高TG者冠状动脉2支及3支血管病变占54.8%,而TG正常者2支及3支血管病变为32.6%,提示高TG者冠状动脉病变的严重程度要比正常TG者高。结论高TG、高LDL-C和低HDL-C是CHD的重要危险因素,其中LDL-C在致病方面意义更大;高TG者冠状动脉病变的严重程度更为明显。     

冠心病合并代谢综合征患者血脂代谢特征及其与冠脉狭窄程度的关系

目的探讨冠心病(CHD)合并代谢综合征(MS)患者的血脂代谢特征及其与冠状动脉狭窄程度的关系。方法收集经冠状动脉(冠脉)造影证实的冠心病患者100例,按是否合并代谢综合征分为MS组(54例)和非MS组(46例),测定入选患者的血糖及血脂水平,根据冠脉造影结果评价冠脉病变严重程度。结果合并MS组的体重指数(BMI)、血压(BP)、空腹血糖(FBG)、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(LDL-C)、载脂蛋白B(ApoB)、尿酸(UA)水平均显著高于不合并非MS组(P<0.05);而高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(HDL-C)水平显著低于对照组(P<0.01);冠状动脉病变方面,MS组冠状动脉3支病变发生率及总狭窄指数高明显增高,而单支病变发生率较低,差异均具有统计学意义。结论合并MS的冠心病患者可见明显的血脂代谢异常,同时显示出加重的冠状动脉病变。     

甘油三酯／高密度脂蛋白胆固醇比值与急性冠脉综合征患者冠脉病变的关系

目的:探讨甘油三酯/高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(TG/HDL-C)比值与急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)患者冠脉病变之间的关系。方法:将466例患者依据冠状动脉(冠脉)造影结果分单支组、双支组和三支组。分析三组TG/HDL-C比值与冠脉病变之间的关系。结果:TG/HDL-C、TG水平三组间比较有显著性差异(P<0.01),经直线相关分析显示:与TG、TC/HDL-C、LDL-C/HDL-C相比,TG/HDL-C比值与冠脉病变之间显示了更强的正相关关系(r=0.78,P<0.001)。结论:TG/HDL-C比值与冠脉病变程度呈正相关。     

血脂异常与冠状动脉病变的关系

目的:分析血脂异常与冠状动脉病变的关系。方法:将134例疑似冠心病的患者依据冠状动脉造影结果分为对照组(非冠心病组)51例,冠心病组83例,其中单支病变组27例,双支病变组34例,三支病变22例,分析血脂各成分及其比值与冠状动脉病变之间的关系。结果:冠心病组总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、甘油三脂(TG)水平明显高于对照组,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。随着冠状动脉病变范围的增加,TC、LDL-C、载脂蛋白B(ApoB)、TC/HDL-C、LDL-C升高,HDL-C降低,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。相关分析表明,TC/HDL-C、LDL-C/HDL-C与冠状动脉病变的相关性最强。结论:血脂代谢紊乱的严重程度与冠状动脉病变的严重程度一致,异常的血脂代谢可能初步预测冠状动脉病变,其中LDL-C/HDL-C、TC/HDL-C比值优于其他血脂指标。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.