复方红景天对大强度训练大鼠免疫功能的调节作用

目的：探讨中医药提高运动成绩、减轻过度训练引致的机体免疫力下降的作用机制。方法：５０只大鼠随机分成３组,进行相应的跑台训练和测试。结果：大强度训练大鼠脾细胞抗体形成能力下降、白细胞移动抑制指数升高,且其血浆ＡＣＴＨ和β－ＥＰ的含量低于非训练对照组动物。而进行大强度训练的同时服用复方红景天的中药组动物的上述指标均有改善趋势。结论：复方红景天能提高大强度运动大量的运动能力及改善其免疫功能的作用可能是通     

灵芝红景天复方制剂对小鼠免疫功能的影响

目的探究灵芝红景天复方制剂对免疫低下小鼠免疫功能的影响。方法采用Balb/c种小鼠,分空白对照组和环磷酰胺诱导的免疫抑制组,免疫抑制组分为单纯免疫抑制组和给药组。灌胃周期为28 d,于第23和24天腹腔注射环磷酰胺(空白对照组注射生理盐水)。计数小鼠外周血白细胞、观察小鼠脏器指数和脾细胞增殖能力,用ELISA的方法检测脾细胞培养液中的细胞因子含量,用流式细胞术检测脾细胞培养液中CD4、CD8表达情况。结果与环磷酰胺组(CTX)相比,灵芝红景天水提取复方制剂(CWO)低剂量组、灵芝红景天酶提取复方制剂(CEO)低剂量、CWO高剂量组、CEO高剂量组的脾脏指数、外周血白细胞计数、T和B淋巴细胞增殖率和TNF-α表达水平均显著增高(P0.05);CWO高剂量组、CEO高剂量组的IL-6、IL-10表达水平显著增高(P0.05);CWO高剂量组、CEO低剂量和CEO高剂量组的CD4/CD8显著增高(P0.05)。与CWO高剂量组相比,CEO高剂量组的IL-10、TNF-α含量均显著增加(P0.05)。与空白对照组相比,CWO低剂量组、CWO高剂量组、CEO低剂量组、CEO高剂量组的脏器指数、白细胞计数、T淋巴细胞增殖能力、细胞因子水平以及CD4/CD8水平均无统计学差异。结论灵芝红景天复方制剂可以显著增加免疫缺陷小鼠的免疫功能,经过酶处理提取的复方制剂药效优于水提取的复方制剂。     

蝉拟青霉多糖对大鼠免疫功能的调节作用

目的：探讨不同剂量蝉拟青霉多糖对大鼠免疫功能的调节作用。方法： 每天给大鼠称重，并按所称大鼠体重，以50、100、200 mg/kg的蝉拟青霉多糖(PCPS)剂量在大鼠后背部皮下注射给药半个月。处死大鼠后称脾和胸腺湿重，并计算其湿重指数；计数大鼠外周血白细胞(WBC)数；以双试剂终点法测定酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、速率法测定乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)及测定精氨酸酶(arginase)等活力；进行大鼠肺泡巨噬细胞(AM)中性红吞噬试验。结果：PCPS组大鼠脾脏、胸腺湿重指数及白细胞计数显著高于对照组；PCPS组大鼠肝、肾、脾、胸腺内ACP、LDH活力显著升高，AM吞噬功能显著增强，AM内ACP、LDH、arginase活力显著提高(P＜0.01，P＜0.05)。结论： 不同浓度蝉拟青霉多糖能提高大鼠外周血WBC数，激活肺泡巨噬细胞，并具有剂量依赖性。     

红景天总黄酮对自然衰老大鼠抗氧化和免疫功能的影响

目的探讨红景天总黄酮对自然衰老大鼠抗氧化和免疫功能的影响。方法Wistar雄性大鼠40只,分成4组:正常组(健康青年大鼠),自然衰老模型组,和低、高剂量红景天总黄酮组。分别灌胃相应剂量的红景天总黄酮或生理盐水;6周后,Elisa法测定血清SOD、MDA、GSH-Px、IL-2和IL-6,胸腺、脾指数,MTT法检测淋巴细胞转化刺激指数的变化。数据分析采用SPSS软件统计学处理。结果模型组比较正常组,血清SOD、GSH-Px、IL-2含量以及胸腺、脾指数和T、B淋巴细胞增殖能力明显降低,而血清MDA、IL-6含量明显升高;红景天总黄酮可明显提高衰老大鼠血清SOD、GSH-Px、IL-2含量,并使MDA、IL-6含量降低,并明显提高胸腺、脾指数和T、B淋巴细胞增殖能力。结论红景天总黄酮可增强衰老大鼠抗氧化和免疫功能,具有延缓衰老功效。     

P物质对免疫功能的调节作用

神经免疫调节是近年来受到国内外重视的一个重要研究课题.为了探讨P物质对免疫功能的调节作用,我们在整体动物实验条件下 通过测定大鼠脾细胞白细胞介素2的产生水平、大鼠脾细胞空斑形成试验等免疫指标进行了一系列实验 初步说明P物质对免疫功能具有以下的调节作用.1.脊髓蛛网膜下腔注射     

免疫功能的细胞调节作用

在临床免疫学中,至关重要的一些问题与患有各种免疫异常病人的不同调节细胞亚群的特征有关,也与实验方法的选择性有关。正常的免疫反应包括正负调节作用之间复杂的相互关系。最早被明确与免疫功能的体液反应有关的细胞是前B细胞,此细胞的     

胎盘免疫因子对胸腺免疫功能缺损的调节作用

胎盘免疫因子(PIF)系从健康产妇胎盘提取的可透析、可超滤、含有多种氨基酸的小分子多肽,具有转移迟发型变态反应、增强机体免疫功能及抗衰老作用。本研究将PIP注入由抗鼠胸腺血清(ATS)诱导的胸腺缺损小鼠,采用计算机图象处理方法,对胸腺髓质和皮质面积作定量分析,并辅以外周血T细胞功能测定,以观察PIF对胸腺的调节作用。     

调肝方药对束缚应激大鼠神经内分泌免疫功能的调节作用

目的:探讨调肝方药对束缚应激大鼠神经内分泌免疫功能的调查作用。方法:以束缚制动作为应激原复制应激反应大鼠模型,采用放射免疫法检测模型大鼠下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴功能,同时检测模型大鼠有关免疫功能的变化,并观察调肝方药的调节作用。结果:束缚应激大鼠下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴(HPAA)兴奋亢进(P＜0.01或P＜0.05);脾淋巴细胞增殖反应降低(P＜0.01),腹腔巨噬细胞(MΦ)释放H₂O₂功能下降(P＜0.01)。而调肝方药能抑制HPAA的兴奋性,提高大鼠的免疫机能。结论:调肝方药对束缚应激所引起的神经内分泌免疫功能的紊乱具有一定的调节作用。     

白术多糖对肺癌模型大鼠免疫功能的调节作用及机制研究

目的研究白术多糖对肺癌模型大鼠免疫相关因子及癌细胞增殖凋亡的影响,探讨其肿瘤抑制机制。方法观察记录不同给药剂量20、50、80mg/(kg·d)白术多糖对肺癌模型大鼠肺指数、脾脏指数、胸腺指数的影响。全自动血细胞分析仪检测大鼠外周血中白细胞和溶菌酶含量。ELISA法检测大鼠血清中IgG、IgA、Ig M水平。流式细胞仪分析T淋巴细胞亚群CD3~+、CD4~+、CD8~+比例。MTT法和Annexin V-FITC/PI双染法分别检测癌细胞增殖和凋亡。结果与模型组相比,白术多糖各剂量组大鼠肺指数均下降(P 0.01),脾脏和胸腺指数上升(P 0.01),大鼠外周血中白细胞和溶菌酶含量升高(P 0.01),且均呈剂量依赖性。ELISA法和流式细胞仪分析结果显示,白术多糖给药组大鼠血清免疫球蛋白IgG、IgA、Ig M水平和T淋巴细胞亚群CD3~+、CD4~+、CD4~+/CD8~+水平呈剂量依赖性升高(P 0.01)。MTT法和AnnexinV-FITC/PI双染法检测结果表明,对比模型组,白术多糖各剂量组肺癌模型大鼠癌细胞增殖率降低(P 0.01),细胞凋亡率增大(P 0.01)。结论白术多糖能够增强肺癌模型大鼠机体免疫功能,抑制癌细胞增殖并诱导凋亡。     

玉屏风散对免疫抑制小鼠免疫功能的调节作用

玉屏风散、出自元·朱丹溪的《丹溪心法》,由黄芪、白术和防风等组成,具有益气固表、扶正止汗、祛风御风等功效。现代研究表明,方中的黄芪和白术对机体的部分免疫指标具有促进作用。我们观察了玉屏风散对免疫抑制小鼠免疫功能的影响。1 材料和方法1．1 材料玉屏风水煎液：按《中华人民共和国药典》的标准取黄芪、防风和白术常规煎煮3次,去渣、混合、浓缩配成1 kg/L的玉屏风水煎液。昆明种小白鼠,6-8 wk, 体质量(20±2)g,雌雄兼用;健康家兔、健康来亨公鸡和健康豚鼠均购自本校实验动物中心。RPMI1640培养基、胎牛血清(FCS)为G…     

The effect of sustained heavy exercise on the development of pulmonary edema in trained male cyclists

To determine whether intense, prolonged activity can induce transient pulmonary edema, eight highly trained male cyclists (mean +/- S.D.: age, 26.9 +/- 3.0 years; height, 179.9 +/- 5.7 cm; weight, 76.1 +/- 6.5 kg) performed a 45-min endurance cycle test (ECT). V(O2,max) was determined (4.84 +/- 0.4 L min(-1), 63.7 +/- 2.6 ml min(-1) g(-1)) and the intensity of exercise for the ECT was set at 10% below ventilatory threshold (approximately 76% V(O2, max) 300 +/- 25 W). Pre- and post-exercise pulmonary diffusion (DL(CO)) measurements and magnetic resonance imaging of the lung were made. DL(CO) and pulmonary capillary blood volume (VC) decreased 1h post-exercise by 12% (P = 0.004) and 21% (P = 0.017), respectively, but no significant change in membrane diffusing capacity (DM) was found. The magnetic resonance scans demonstrated a 9.4% increase (P = 0.043) in pulmonary extravascular water 90 min post-exercise. These data support the theory that high intensity, sustained exercise in well-trained athletes can result in transient pulmonary edema.     

Effect of exercise on glutamine metabolism in macrophages of trained rats

This study investigated the effect of exercise on glutamine metabolism in macrophages of trained rats. Rats were divided into three groups: sedentary (SED); moderately trained (MOD) rats that were swim trained 1 h/day, 5 days/week for 6 weeks; and exhaustively trained (EXT) rats that were similarly trained as MOD for 5 weeks and, in the 6th week, trained in three 1-h sessions/day with 150 min of rest between sessions. The animals swam with a load equivalent to 5.5% of their body weight and were killed 1 h after the last exercise session. Cells were collected, and glutamine metabolism in macrophage and function were assayed. Exercise increased phagocytosis in MOD when compared to SED (34.48 ± 1.79 vs 15.21 ± 2.91%, P < 0.05); however, H₂O₂ production was higher in MOD (75.40 ± 3.48 nmol h × 10⁵ cell⁻¹) and EXT (79.20 ± 1.18 nmol h × 10⁵ cell⁻¹) in relation to SED (32.60 ± 2.51 nmol h × 10⁵ cell⁻¹, P < 0.05). Glutamine consumption increased in MOD and EXT (26.53 ± 3.62 and 19.82 ± 2.62 nmol h × 10⁵ cell⁻¹, respectively) relative to SED (6.72 ± 0.57 nmol h × 10⁵ cell⁻¹, P < 0.05). Aspartate increased in EXT (9.72 ± 1.14 nmol h × 10⁵ cell⁻¹) as compared to SED (1.10 ± 0.19 nmol h × 10⁵ cell⁻¹, P < 0.05). Glutamine decarboxylation was increased in MOD (12.10 ± 0.27 nmol h × 10⁵ cell⁻¹) and EXT (16.40 ± 2.17 nmol h × 10⁵ cell⁻¹) relative to SED (1.10 ± 0.06 nmol h × 10⁵ cell⁻¹, P < 0.05). This study suggests an increase in macrophage function post-exercise, which was supported by enhanced glutamine consumption and metabolism, and highlights the importance for glutamine after exercise.     

Effect of Extracts from Rhodiola Rosea and Rhodiola Crenulata (Crassulaceae) Roots on ATP Content in Mitochondria of Skeletal Muscles

We studied the effects of oral treatment with extracts from Rhodiola rosea (50 mg/kg) and Rhodiola crenulata (50 mg/kg) roots on the duration of exhaustive swimming and ATP content in mitochondria of skeletal muscles in rats. Treatment with R. rosea extract significantly (by 24.6%) prolonged the duration of exhaustive swimming in comparison with control rats and rats treated with R. crenullata. R. rosea extract activated the synthesis or resynthesis of ATP in mitochondria and stimulated reparative energy processes after intense exercise. Experiments proved different pharmacological characteristics of R. rosea and R. crenulata: R. rosea is most effective for improving physical working capacity.     

Moderate exercise increases the metabolism and immune function of lymphocytes in rats

Exercise modulates both glucose and glutamine metabolism which influences lymphocyte function. We investigated the influence of chronic moderate exercise on glucose and glutamine metabolism in lymphocytes, the associated influence on proliferation, and cytokine and immunoglobulin production. Male Wistar rats (8 weeks old) were placed in an exercise training group (N = 15, 1 h day^?1 at 60 % VO_2max, 5 days week^?1) for 8 weeks of exercise, or a sedentary control group. Twenty-four hours following the final training session, lymphocytes were separated, and the incorporation of [U-14C]-glucose, [U-14C]-glutamine, and [2-14C]-thymidine from the supernatant was measured. The activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, hexokinase, and glutaminase was measured. Lymphocytes were stimulated with ConA and LPS and incubated with the Mycobacterium bovis bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine and plasma IgG and IgE were measured. Glutamine metabolism increased in both T and B lymphocytes in the trained group. In the trained group, proliferative capacity increased T lymphocytes under ConA stimulation, and increased B lymphocytes with LPS. There was a significant increase in IL-2 production and decrease in IL-4 in the trained group compared with sedentary controls. IL-2R and TNFR increased in trained rats while IL-4R decreased and were more pronounced in T lymphocytes compared with B lymphocytes. In both lymphocyte subsets, exercise training significantly increased the expression of CD54+ and CD30+ cell markers. Exercise training increased plasma IgG compared with the sedentary group. In conclusion, moderate exercise training improves immune function and metabolism in T and B lymphocytes, reflecting an increased ability to respond to immune challenges.     

The effects of high-intensity exercise on skeletal muscle neutrophil myeloperoxidase in untrained and trained rats

The primary purpose of this study was to examine the effects of high-intensity acute exercise on neutrophil infiltration in different muscle fiber types of untrained rats and to compare postexercise neutrophil accumulation in muscles of untrained and trained animals. The effect of high-intensity acute exercise on blood neutrophil degranulation reaction in trained animals was also elucidated. Neutrophil enzyme myeloperoxidase (MPO) was determined as a measure of neutrophil migration into muscles and blood neutrophil degranulation. Male albino rats were subjected to acute exercise and 5 weeks of training. The used model of intensive acute exercise consisted of 5, 15, and 25 intermittent swimming bouts with the addition of weight (8% of total body mass) for 1-min each, followed by 1.5-min rest intervals. MPO was analyzed in quadriceps muscle (white and red portion) and in soleus muscle 24 h after acute exercise. MPO content in resting blood plasma and neutrophils was determined 48-h following the completion of a training process. In addition, MPO content in the trained rats was measured immediately (in blood plasma and neutrophils) after and 24 h (in muscles) following a single-bout of exercise to exhaustion. The remaining two-third of the trained animals were exposed to a single-bout of nonstop swimming with the addition of 6% body mass until exhaustion. These animals were sacrificed immediately and 24 h after loaded swimming to analyze leukocyte count, MPO content in blood plasma and neutrophils and in muscles, respectively. About 24 h after exercise MPO concentrations in the red portion of quadriceps muscle and in soleus muscle were 4–7-fold higher as compared to the white portion of m. quadriceps. There was an association between the quantity of repetitive bouts of swimming and MPO content in the muscles. The duration of swimming to exhaustion of trained rats was 3.8-fold longer than untrained sedentary control. At rest, plasma MPO concentration was found to be 40% higher in trained rats compared to untrained controls (P < 0.05). Postexercise plasma MPO concentrations were significantly higher both in untrained (+137%; P < 0.05) and trained (+81%; P < 0.05) rats compared to resting values. At rest neutrophil MPO concentration was found to be 33% lower in trained rats compared to untrained controls (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in muscle MPO concentrations between untrained and trained rats at rest. A single-bout of exercise to exhaustion produced a greater increase in MPO content in untrained compared to trained rats. The data suggest that postexercise neutrophil infiltration is more intensive in red fibers types compared to white fiber types. A smaller neutrophil infiltration in muscles of trained animals after exhaustive exercise suggests a protective effect of previous training to muscle injury.Portions of this paper were presented by V. Morozov in 2003 at the 6th ISEI Symposium on Exercise Muscle Metabolism and Immune Function, Copenhagen.     

β—内啡肽对大鼠免疫功能的影响

离体条件下,β-内啡肽(β-END)在10~(-6)-10~(-14)mol/L 可明显地促进ConA 诱导的脾淋巴细胞的转化及IL-2的产生,增加LPS 激活的腹腔巨噬细胞产生IL-1.纳络甯可阻断β-END 的这种作用.静脉注射β-END 也可增强大鼠脾淋巴细胞转化,促进IL-1和IL-2的产生.本结果提示,β-END 具有增强大鼠免疫功能的作用,这种作用可能是由阿片受体介导的。     

锰在免疫调节中的功能及其应用

锰是一种人体必需的微量元素,在发育、生殖、代谢、神经功能和抗氧化等方面发挥着重要的作用。近年来, 锰在机体免疫中的重要作用逐步被认识和重视。锰作为一种损伤相关分子模式,具有强劲的免疫激活能力。锰离子诱导细胞产生大量的包括Ⅰ型干扰素在内的细胞因子,调控机体的天然免疫和适应性免疫反应,在免疫佐剂和肿瘤免疫治疗方面展现出巨大的潜力。本文首先总结了锰在机体内的稳态调节及其在机体免疫中的作用,之后对锰及其衍生物在免疫佐剂和肿瘤免疫治疗方面的一系列应用进行了详细的讨论,并对其未来的发展进行了展望。