Cystic duct directly joining the main pancreatic duct

A unique anomaly of the direct union between the cystic duct and the main pancreatic duct is presented. A 19-year-old man with a history of repeated epigastralgia underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaticography that showed a direct union between the cystic duct and the main pancreatic duct. No pancreaticobiliary maljunction was noticed. Cholecystectomy accompanied by resection of the long cystic duct was performed. The excised gallbladder showed cholesterolosis, chronic cholecystitis, and hyperplasia of the pseudopyloric glands microscopically. The patient has been well for 3 years since surgery.     

胆囊管癌伴右副肝管直接汇入胆囊管1例报告

正胆道变异的类型繁多,包括胆囊管与肝总管并行低位汇合,胆囊管汇入右肝管、副肝管等~([1])。其中副肝管又叫Luschka胆管或迷走胆管,是胚胎期肝十二指肠发育不全的常见畸形,直接连接胆囊和肝内胆管通道,常开口于胆总管,其次是右肝管和胆囊管~([2])。本文报道1例较大右副肝管直接汇入胆囊管,并伴有胆囊管癌的罕见病例。1病例资料患者男性,63岁,因"间断性上腹部胀痛不适2年,加重伴     

Anomalous pancreaticobiliary duct union associated with bile duct carcinoma

An abnormal high union of the common bile duct and the main pancreatic duct, without accompanying cystic dilatation of the bile ducts, is a rare occurrence. A case of obstructive jaundice due to bile duct carcinoma in connection with this anomaly is reported.     

肝内外胆管结石的内镜治疗

胆道疾病内镜治疗最常见的途径有经口(peroral)、经皮(percutaneous)和腹腔镜(Lc)治疗三种,根据适应征选择不同的治疗方法.本文综述肝内外胆管结石经口十二指肠镜及经皮胆管镜治疗的进展,具体操作方法,适应症的选择,合并症的产生、预防和治疗.     

New cannulation method for pancreatic duct cannulation-bile duct guidewire-indwelling method

The patient was a 58-year-old male with symptomatic alcoholic chronic pancreatitis.Since a 10 mm calculus was observed in the pancreatic body and abdominal pain occurred due to congestion of pancreatic juice,endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography was conducted for assessment of the pancreatic duct and treatment of pancreatic calculus.Pancreatogram was slightly and insuff iciently obtained by injecting the contrast media via the common channel of the duodenal main papilla.We tried to cannulate selectively into the pancreatic duct for a clear image.However,the selective cannulation of the pancreatic duct was difficult because of instability of the papilla.On the other hand,selective cannulation of the bile duct was relatively easily achieved.Therefore,after the imaging of the bile duct,a guidewire was retained in the bile duct to immobilize the duodenal papilla and cannulation of the pancreatic duct was attempted.As a result,selective pancreatic duct cannulation became possible.It is considered that the bile duct guidewire-indwelling method may serve as one of the useful techniques for cases whose selective pancreatic duct cannulation is diff icult("selective pancreatic duct diff icult cannulation case").     

Adaptative bile duct proliferative response in experimental bile duct ischemia

BACKGROUND/AIMS: A rat model of bile duct ischemia was established and used to examine the potential of bile duct proliferation to provide an adaptative response in cholestatic disorders. METHODS: Rats underwent partial or complete arterial deprivation of the liver. Serum biochemical tests, histological analyses and bile secretion measurements were performed at different time points up to 6 weeks after surgery. RESULTS: Rats developed biochemical signs of cholestasis exclusively after complete arterial deprivation. Within 4h, cholangiocytes in these rats showed morphological signs of cell damage. After 48h, they displayed VEGF expression and became proliferative. The proportion of Ki67-labeled cholangiocytes ( approximately 30%) was similar in interlobular bile ducts and periportal ductules. A ductular reaction made of well-formed bile ducts confined to portal tracts developed within 1 week. Bile flow which was initially decreased, was restored at 3 weeks, while the biochemical signs of cholestasis completely resolved at 6 weeks. At this time, the number of bile duct sections was maximal. Fibrosis intensity was also maximal, although moderate (相似文献   

A case of cholecystohepatic duct with atrophic common hepatic duct

BackgroundCholecystohepatic ducts are rare congenital variants of the biliary tree.Case outlineAn 81-year-old woman presented with biliary colic and elevated liver function tests. An ERCP demonstrated a common bile duct stone and stricture of the common hepatic duct. An operative cholangiogram demonstrated an atrophic common hepatic duct and retrograde filling of the gallbladder through a large cholecystoheptic duct. The patient had a cholecystectomy and reconstructive cholecystohepatic duct jejunostomy.DiscussionThis case demonstrates a rare congenital anomaly where the gallbladder fills retrograde during an intraoperative cholangiogram despite clipping of the cystic duct. The major path of biliary drainage was through a large cholecystoheptic duct similar to a gallbladder interposition; however, the common hepatic duct was still present but atrophic. This anomaly has not been described previously.     

Bile duct disorders

Drug-induced bile duct injury related prolonged or chronic cholestasis is recognized as a common side effect of treatment with several drugs. The severity and duration of the clinical symptoms suggest that this increase in number of reports is not only related to clinician and pathologists being increasingly aware of the condition, but also may represent a true increase in incidence likely related to a time-related growing experience with newer drugs. This clinical presentation encompasses a wide variety of features that may be the source of diagnostic difficulties, especially in the cases where cholestasis occurs days or weeks after the completion of therapy. Even more puzzling is the initial picture of hepatocholangitis, which may be silent and ensuing bile duct paucity with chronic anicteric cholestasis may be another source of diagnostic difficulties in the long-term. These diagnostic difficulties suggest that some of the cases of the so-called "idiopathic adulthood ductopenia" may originate from overlooked drug induced vanishing bile duct syndrome. The pathogenesis of the syndrome remains largely unknown and the determinants of prognosis and outcome. From reproducible data obtained in different studies investigating HLA-dependent predisposition, one may assume that genetics plays a major role even if other unknown additive factors are also likely involved. Severity of initial hepatocholangitis is likely to represent another important determinant of severity and prognosis, however to be assessed in larger longitudinal studies. Therapy of large bile duct injury mimics that of primary sclerosing cholangitis. Treatment of small bile duct injury remains disappointing. Corticosteroids are invariably ineffective. Ursodeoxycholic acid as been shown to induce improvement of clinical and biochemical cholestasis in some selected cases, its efficacy being however unpredictable. Preliminary data about the natural history of the vanishing bile duct syndrome suggest that therapy might be more effective when initiated early.     

Pancreatic duct strictures

Opinion statement  

多次胆道术后再次胆道手术的临床分析

目的总结多次胆道手术后再次胆道手术的原因、临床特点及处理经验。方法回顾性分析2009年3月至2011年9月期间,解放军总医院第一附属医院肝胆外科收治的9例已于外院行3次以上胆道手术的再次胆道手术患者,对这些病例的临床资料进行分析。结果本组病例中再次手术的主要原因是胆道狭窄6例(66.7%),肝胆管结石复发合并胆管炎3例(33.3%)。本次手术方式分别为1例带血管蒂胃瓣修复,8例胆肠Roux-en-Y吻合,其中l例附加肝左外叶切除。术后随访3～18个月,胆道感染的症状消失,肝功能基本正常。结论多次胆道术后再次胆道手术的主要原因是胆道狭窄,对于多次胆道术后需再次手术的病例,术前利用影像学对病情准确评估,制定合理的治疗方案,提高手术技能以及做好围手术期的处理是保证手术成功的关键。     

经胆囊管胆道镜胆总管探查及取石术的临床应用

目的 探讨经胆囊管胆道镜胆总管探查及取石术的有效方法 和适应证.方法 选择疑有胆总管结石及有探查指征的61例患者,在胆囊切除时将胆囊管残端稍为留长,以便于提取牵拉.选用OLYMPUS-P20型胆道镜沿胆囊管轻柔插入,如胆囊管尚不够粗,可先予扩张.胆道镜发现结石后,以取石网篮套取拉出.如结石较大难以通过胆囊管者则常规切开胆总管取石.镜检及取石结束后经胆囊管注入庆大霉素8-16万单位后予胆囊管结扎.结果 29例在胆总管下端发现结石,其中24例在胆道镜下予取石网套取除,5例因结石较大常规切开胆总管取除,32例未发现结石.61例患者术后均恢复良好,术后无胆漏、胆道出血发生.B超随访或术后T管造影无结石残留.结论 经胆囊管行胆总管探查及取石术是一项较为有效的微创技术,可使部分患者减少创伤,缩短治疗周期,但其主要适用于胆总管继发性小结石同时伴胆囊管增粗者.     

Laparoscopic C-tube drainage via cystic duct following common bile duct exploration

Laparoscopic common bile duct (CBD) exploration has come into practice with the development of laparoscopic techniques and instrumentation. However, the use of a T-tube for biliary drainage lessens the advantages of laparoscopic surgery, i.e., short hospital stay and good cosmesis. We have performed CBD exploration by laparoscopic chledochotomy followed by transcystic biliary drainage using a 6 French vinyl tube (C-tube) instead of a T-tube and primary closure of the choledochotomy. The C-tube could be removed within 7 days postoperatively because the cystic duct was ligated with an elastic thread. Twelve patients with CBD stones were successfully treated by this new technique and there was no morbidity attributable to the procedure.