肾上腺髓样脂肪瘤的CT诊断（附11例分析）

目的 探讨肾上腺髓样脂肪瘤的影像学特征及鉴别诊断.方法 回顾性分析11例经手术病理证实的肾上腺髓样脂肪瘤的CT表现.结果 CT扫描显示肾上腺区混杂密度（含脂肪组织）肿块,2例钙化,1例出血,11例增强扫描无明显强化.结论 肾上腺髓样脂肪瘤CT表现具有特征性,对于实性及巨大肿块应寻找其内脂肪成分以利于诊断及鉴别诊断.     

肾上腺髓样脂肪瘤的CT表现

目的:探讨肾上腺髓样脂肪瘤的CT表现及鉴别要点。方法:收集临床及病理资料齐全的肾上腺髓样脂肪瘤17例,回顾性分析其CT表现。结果:17例中,右侧13例,左侧4例。CT表现为含脂肪成分的混杂密度肿块,边界清晰、光滑;增强扫描时肿块内的脂肪区域无强化,软组织成分轻至中度强化。结论:CT对肾上腺区髓样脂肪瘤的定位及定性诊断具有较高的价值。     

肾上腺髓样脂肪瘤的CT和MRI诊断

目的:探讨肾上腺髓样脂肪瘤的分型、CT和MRI表现及鉴别诊断.材料和方法:收集16例肾上腺髓样脂肪瘤的CT、MRI及临床、病理资料.男6例,女10例,年龄27～65岁,平均46.2岁.结果:本组16例肾上腺髓样脂肪瘤,右侧11例,左侧2例,双侧3例(1例左侧有2处病灶),共20处病灶.肿瘤直径为2～10cm,呈圆形或类圆形,边界清.肿瘤内密度/信号不均匀,以脂肪为主12处,以软组织为主8处,增强扫描软组织呈轻至中度较均匀强化.1例肿瘤长于增生的肾上腺内,4处病灶有点状或条状钙化.结论:肾上腺髓样脂肪瘤的CT、MRI表现较具特征性,一般可在术前作出诊断.     

肾上腺髓样脂肪瘤的CT诊断

目的：探讨肾上腺髓样脂肪瘤的CT表现特征及鉴别诊断。方法：对10例经手术病理证实的肾上腺髓样脂肪瘤的CT表现进行回顾分析。结果：10例中，术前明确诊断9例，1例误诊为脂肪肉瘤。病灶位于右侧8例，左侧2例，其中l例位于肾周。CT主要表现为位于肾上腺区的脂肪密度肿块，病灶内伴有数量不等的条索状及斑片状软组织密度。结论：CT可对大多数病例术前作出明确诊断，但对个别发生于肾上腺外的病例仍须病理确诊。     

肾上腺肿瘤及肿瘤样病变的CT诊断

目的探讨螺旋cT扫描对肾上腺肿瘤及肿瘤样病变的诊断及鉴别诊断价值。方法回顾性分析65例共73个肾上腺肿瘤及肿瘤样病变的cT表现，与手术病理对照。结果65例肾上腺占位病变中，肾上腺增生12例，腺瘤18例，皮质癌7例，肾上腺转移癌11例，嗜铬细胞瘤7例，髓样脂肪瘤4例，神经节瘤2例，肾上腺畸胎瘤、血肿、囊肿及结核各1例。肾上腺良性病变直径多小于3cm，边界清晰（73．9％，34／46），48．4％的恶性肿瘤直径大于3cm。肾上腺转移瘤多双侧发病（6，11）。4例肾上腺髓脂瘤均呈脂肪为主型。结论螺旋CT扫描对肾上腺病变的诊断及鉴别诊断具有重要价值，并有助于选择治疗方案和判断预后。     

无功能性肾上腺肿瘤的CT诊断价值

目的 探讨CT对无功能性肾上腺肿瘤的诊断价值.方法 回顾分析32例无功能性肾上腺肿瘤的CT表现.结果 32例中,皮质腺瘤 13例,皮质腺癌 2例,转移瘤11例,髓样脂肪瘤4例,囊肿 2例.26例为单侧肾上腺肿瘤,6例为双侧,均为转移瘤.各类无功能性肾上腺肿瘤的密度、大小、形态、CT值等方面有相对不同的CT表现特点.结论 结合临床表现及肿瘤的CT征象,多数无功能性肾上腺肿瘤均能作出准确的定性诊断.     

肾上腺占位病变的CT诊断价值

目的:探讨肾上腺占位病变的CT表现及诊断价值。方法:回顾性分析30例共37个经临床或手术病理证实的肾上腺及肾上腺源性占位病变的CT表现,并与手术病理对照。结果:37个肾上腺占位病变中,嗜铬细胞瘤8例9个,腺瘤6例,转移瘤6例12个,腺癌4例,髓样脂肪瘤3例,肾上腺囊肿2例,结核1例,其CT表现各具特征。结论:CT对肾上腺占位病变诊断及鉴别诊断具有重要价值并能对恶性肿瘤作出术前分期及估计预后。     

肾上腺少见肿瘤的CT诊断

目的：研究肾上腺少见和罕见肿瘤的CT表现特征和鉴别诊断。材料和方法：回顾性分析经手术及病理证实的肾上腺少见及罕见肿瘤15例的CT表现特征。结果：15例中,肾上腺神经母细胞瘤、肾上腺囊肿、肾上腺髓样脂肪瘤各3例,肾上腺节细胞神经瘤、肾上腺畸胎瘤各2例,肾上腺脂肪瘤、肾上腺错构瘤各1例。CT表现各具特征,术前确诊12例(12/15)。结论：肾上腺少见肿瘤的CT表现有一定的特征性,大多数肾上腺少见和罕见肿瘤CT能准确诊断。     

肾上腺髓脂瘤的CT诊断

目的:探讨肾上腺髓脂瘤的CT特征,以提高其CT诊断水平.方法:由两位有经验的放射学医生共同回顾性分析18例经手术病理证实的肾上腺髓脂瘤的CT表现,并达成一致意见.结果:多脂肪型11例,少脂肪型7例.7例合并钙化,2例合并出血,13例增强扫描无明显强化.CT诊断符合率为88.9%.结论:CT对肾上腺髓脂瘤的诊断具有较高的敏感性和特异性,其内的脂肪成分有利于诊断与鉴别诊断.     

肾上腺髓样脂肪瘤CT与MRI表现及误诊分析

目的 分析肾上腺髓样脂肪瘤(AML) CT、MRI表现及误诊情况.方法 回顾分析经手术病理证实的32例AML,27例(32个肿块)行CT检查,6例(7个肿块)行MRI检查,其中1例同时行CT及MRI检查(1个肿块).分析肿块的形态、大小、包膜、边界、CT密度、MR信号及强化程度.结果 28例单发,4例多发;37个肿块(97.4％)境界清晰,35个(92.1％)有包膜,29个(76.3％)呈圆形或椭圆形,9个(23.7％)呈分叶状或不规则形.肿块平均直径6.63(1.07～16.98)cm.22个(22/32,68.8％)肿块以脂肪低密度为主,7个(7/32,21.9％)呈混杂密度,3个(9.3％)呈等、稍高密度;9个(9/32,28.1％)肿块有钙化,1个(1/32,3.1％)伴出血.7个肿块在T1 WI均含高信号区域,且这些区域在脂肪抑制序列上信号明显降低.增强后病灶内软组织轻度强化24例,中度强化2例,脂肪成分均无强化.24例表现较为典型,术前均正确诊断.8例表现不典型,为多发、瘤体过小、乏脂肪、形态不规则及瘤内出血,其中3例误诊,1例漏诊.结论 肾上腺区单发圆形或椭圆形、境界清晰、有包膜、内含不等量脂肪成分且增强后呈轻、中度强化的肿块为典型AML表现;少数不典型AML易漏诊、误诊.     

肾上腺髓脂瘤的CT诊断(附5例报告)

目的:探讨肾上腺髓脂瘤的CT诊断价值。方法:回顾性分析5例经手术病理证实的肾上腺髓脂瘤的CT表现。结果:多脂肪型4例,少脂肪型1例。1例合并出血、钙化。1例增强扫描无明显强化,4例瘤体包膜、分隔和斑片状高密度影轻度强化。CT诊断符合率为90%。结论:CT是诊断本病的有效检查方法。     

Adrenal myelolipoma: CT and ultrasound findings

The computed tomographic (CT) and ultrasound (US) appearances of 5 adrenal myelolipomas in 4 patients are reported. The component tissues of a myelolipoma determine its CT and US appearance. A myelolipoma consisting primarily of fat has a characteristic CT and US appearance. A myelolipoma also containing macroscopic quantities of nonfatty material (blood, calcium, or myeloid tissue) may have a nonspecific CT or US appearance if fat is not identified in the lesion. In equivocal cases, needle biopsy may be used to establish the diagnosis of myelolipoma.     

Role of CT and US in the diagnosis of myelolipoma of the adrenal glands

The Computed Tomographic (CT) and Sonographic (US) features are reported of 3 adrenal myelolipomas, occasionally found in 3 patients. Even though US and CT are capable of detecting the majority of adrenal tumors, they are often limited in their ability to suggest specific histologic diagnosis. Adrenal myelolipoma represents an apparent exception to this limitation, since the myelolipomas large enough to be detected by CT or US often contain macroscopic fat. In some cases a myelolipoma containing macroscopic quantities of nonfatty material (blood, calcium, myeloid tissue) may have a non-specific CT/US appearance, due to the fat inside the lesion being shaded. In equivocal cases, needle biopsy may be needed to reach the correct diagnosis.     

Myelolipoma of the adrenal: two cases with ultrasound and CT findings.

Myelolipoma of the adrenal gland is a rare tumor composed of varying proportions of fat and bone marrow elements. In about half of the reported cases with radiologic findings the mass was radiolucent, indicating the presence of fat; the remainder were of soft tissue density or calcified. Arteriography is of limited value in diagnosis, since myelolipomas are typically avascular. With the advent of gray scale ultrasound and computed tomography (CT), fat can be detected in lesions which do not appear radiolucent on radiographs. Two cases of myelolipoma are reported in which ultrasound showed a markedly echogenic mass, an appearance chracteristic of lipomatous tumors. In the second case, the mass was of soft tissue density on radiographs, markedly echogenic on sonogram, and definitively fatty on CT scan. Ultrasound and CT are valuable techniques for making a preoperative diagnosis of this tumor.     

肾上腺髓性脂肪瘤的影像诊断

目的 探讨肾上腺髓性脂肪瘤的影像学特征及鉴别诊断。方法 11例经手术及病理证实的肾上腺髓性脂肪瘤患者术前均经B超与CT诊断，其中9例又经MRI检查。对全部病例获自上述3种影像手段的所有资料进行了回顾性分析。结果 研究证实，肾上腺髓性脂肪瘤具有特征性影像表现。11例患者术前定位、定性诊断准确率，B超为63．6％(n=7)，CT与MRI均为100％(n=11)。结论 CT是确诊本病的首选方法，而各种影像特征的综合分析对本病确诊和鉴别诊断起关键作用。     

Adrenal myelolipomas: CT appearance with tiny amounts of fat and punctate calcification

Five cases of myelolipoma of the adrenal are presented which contained only tiny foci of fat along with areas of punctate calcification. This computed tomographic (CT) appearance is less common for this neoplasm and has only been described in three of 26 previously published CT cases of this adrenal tumor. The presence of even tiny amounts of fat in an adrenal mass should alert the radiologist to the probable diagnosis of myelolipoma. Small foci of calcification are also frequently associated.     

Adrenal myelolipomas: CT appearance with tiny amounts of fat and punctate calcification

Five cases of myelolipoma of the adrenal are presented which contained only tiny foci of fat along with areas of punctate calcification. This computed tomographic (CT) appearance is less common for this neoplasm and has only been described in three of 26 previously published CT cases of this adrenal tumor. The presence of even tiny amounts of fat in an adrenal mass should alert the radiologist to the probable diagnosis of myelolipoma. Small foci of calcification are also frequently associated.