内界膜剥除对适度高度近视黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离视网膜复位及裂孔闭合的影响

目的 比较曲安奈德(TA)玻璃体染色辅助玻璃体切割(PPV)联合与不联合内界膜剥除对适度高度近视黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离(MHRD)视网膜复位及黄斑裂孔闭合的影响.方法 屈光度≥6D,增生型玻璃体视网膜病变分级A、B级,眼轴长度≥26 mm但＜29 mm,视网膜色素上皮及脉络膜萎缩轻或不明显,0～1级且深度≤2 mm巩膜后葡萄肿的适度高度近视MHRD患者43例43只眼纳入观察.将43只眼随机分为内界膜剥除组和内界膜保留组.其中,内界膜剥除组24只眼,内界膜保留组19只眼.TA玻璃体染色辅助PPV后,内界膜剥除组行内界膜剥除,内界膜保留组不行内界膜剥除.手术后1周,l、3、6、12个月时随访,比较两组间矫正视力、视网膜复位及黄斑裂孔闭合率的差异.结果 手术后12个月,内界膜剥除组视网膜复位22只眼,视网膜复位率91.67％;内界膜保留组视网膜复位18只眼,视网膜复位率94.74％;两组患者的视网膜复位率比较,差异无统计学意义(Fisher确切概率法,P=1.000).内界膜剥除组黄斑裂孔闭合14只眼,黄斑裂孔闭合率58.33％;内界膜保留组黄斑裂孔闭合11只眼,黄斑裂孔闭合57.89％;两组患者的黄斑裂孔闭合率比较,差异无统计学意义(x2=0.049,P=0.824).两组患者手术后视力比较,差异无统计学意义(x2=0.001,P=0.977).结论 采用TA辅助PPV治疗适度高度近视MHRD眼,其视网膜复位、裂孔闭合及视力改变与内界膜是否剥除无明显关系.     

内界膜剥除方式进展

内界膜剥除术因能够有效地解除玻璃体视网膜界面的牵拉而在多种玻璃体视网膜疾病中得到应用,但其对巨大、难治性黄斑裂孔及高度近视性黄斑裂孔等棘手疾病的效果欠佳.同时,内界膜剥除本身及染色剂的使用均可导致黄斑发生结构和功能的改变.为了更好地保持黄斑结构的完整性,多种改良的内界膜剥除术,如翻转内界膜瓣、自体内界膜移植、保留中心凹的内界膜剥除术应运而生.研究显示这些新术式在治疗巨大黄斑裂孔、高度近视性黄斑裂孔以及难治性黄斑裂孔上表现出较好的解剖和功能疗效,且无明显的并发症,但仍需要更多大样本的长期随访研究来证实.本文就内界膜剥除术的改良方式及其在玻璃体视网膜中的应用情况进行综述.     

病理性近视并发黄斑裂孔玻璃体切除联合内界膜剥除术后疗效分析

目的:探讨玻璃体切除联合内界膜剥除术治疗病理性近视黄斑裂孔的临床效果。方法:回顾性研究。选取2017-01/2019-01于我院确诊的高度近视黄斑裂孔患者18例19眼,将其分为病理性近视组(9例10眼)和非病理性近视组(9例9眼),均接受玻璃体切除联合内界膜剥除术。术后随访3~23mo,观察两组患者末次随访时最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、视物变形症状及黄斑裂孔闭合情况。结果:末次随访时,病理性近视组术后BCVA提高6眼,不变2眼,下降2眼,黄斑裂孔完全闭合7眼(70%),裸露型闭合2眼(20%),未闭合1眼(10%);非病理性近视组术后BCVA提高6眼,不变2眼,下降1眼,黄斑裂孔完全闭合8眼(88%),裸露型闭合1眼(11%)。术前两组患者眼轴长度有明显差异,眼轴长度与末次随访时黄斑裂孔闭合率呈负相关(rs=-0.477,P=0.039)。结论:玻璃体切除联合内界膜剥除术治疗高度近视黄斑裂孔可有效改善最佳矫正视力,但病理性近视患者裂孔闭合率低于非病理性近视患者。     

保留黄斑中心凹的内界膜剥除术联合空气填充治疗中等直径特发性黄斑裂孔

目的　观察保留黄斑中心凹内界膜剥除术联合空气填充治疗直径为250~400 μm的特发性黄斑裂孔（idiopathic macular hole，IMH）临床疗效。方法　收集2014年1月至2016年1月确诊为Ⅳ期IMH经光学相干断层扫描（optical coherence tomography，OCT)测量裂孔最小直径为250~400 μm的患者45例45眼，随机分为常规内界膜剥除组（常规组）22眼及保留中心凹内界膜剥除组（保留组）23眼。所有患者均行23G玻璃体切割术，常规组剥除后极部包括黄斑区内界膜至血管弓，保留组则保留以黄斑中心凹为圆心300~400 μm直径的内界膜，全气-液交换后无菌空气填充。手术后随访时间为（21.52±5.68）个月，观察术后两组黄斑裂孔闭合及最佳矫正视力（best corrected visual acuity，BCVA）情况。结果　常规组与保留组患者术前黄斑裂孔直径分别为（337.77±34.54）μm和（324.87±31.95）μm；黄斑裂孔指数分别为0.53±0.09和0.51±0.08，BCVA LogMAR分别为0.95±0.20、1.30±0.26，两组间比较，差异均无统计学意义（均为P>0.05）。末次随访时，常规组与保留组黄斑裂孔闭合率分别为95.45%和100.00%，差异无统计学意义（P=0.489）。常规组、保留组患眼BCVA LogMAR分别为0.72±0.15、0.49±0.11，均低于术前，差异均有统计学意义（均为P<0.05）；保留组患眼BCVA LogMAR低于常规组，差异有统计学意义（t=-5.849，P<0.001）。结论　常规内界膜剥除术与保留黄斑中心凹的内界膜剥除联合空气填充对于治疗直径为250~400 μm Ⅳ期IMH成功率较高，行保留黄斑中心凹内界膜的剥除术患者术后视力改善情况要好于常规内界膜剥除术。     

内界膜剥除联合玻璃体内注射曲安奈德治疗继发性黄斑前膜的疗效观察

目的 观察内界膜剥除联合玻璃体内注射曲安奈德治疗继发性黄斑前膜的疗效.方法 回顾性分析我院2011年6月至2015年6月因继发性黄斑前膜需行玻璃体视网膜手术者42例42眼,所有患者均行标准的23 G经睫状体平坦部的三通道玻璃体切割+黄斑前膜剥除+视网膜内界膜剥除+玻璃体内注射曲安奈德术,术后随访3.0～18.0(8.3±2.4)个月,对手术前后最佳矫正视力、黄斑形态及手术并发症等进行观察.结果 随访期末,最佳矫正视力提高者30眼,不变者8眼,下降者4眼;术后最佳矫正视力与术前相比,差异有统计学意义(t=3.145,P=0.000).黄斑中心神经上皮层厚度术前为(315.62±132.12)μm,术后为(233.42±146.32) μm,手术前后相比差异有统计学意义(t=4.322,P=0.000).术后视网膜少许出血6眼,玻璃体积血1眼,一过性高眼压6眼;3眼周边牵引性小裂孔,激光治疗后,行玻璃体内C3F8填充,视网膜在位.结论 玻璃体内注射曲安奈德可以加速黄斑水肿消退,降低黄斑前膜复发,促进视功能恢复.视网膜内界膜剥除在继发性黄斑前膜手术中可以松解黄斑区视网膜皱褶,解除对黄斑中心凹的牵引,改善黄斑区局部的代谢,有利于黄斑功能的恢复.     

玻璃体切割联合内界膜覆盖术治疗高度近视黄斑裂孔视网膜脱离

目的:比较玻璃体切割联合内界膜剥除术或内界膜覆盖术治疗高度近视黄斑裂孔视网膜脱离(MHRD)的疗效。方法:回顾性临床研究。选取2020-01/2021-06于我院行玻璃体切割联合内界膜剥除术或内界膜覆盖术治疗的高度近视MHRD患者38例38眼,根据手术方式分为对照组(行玻璃体切割联合内界膜剥除术)和观察组(行玻璃体切割联合内界膜覆盖术)。随访至术后3mo,比较两组患者手术时间、最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、黄斑裂孔闭合和视网膜复位情况。结果:两组患者手术时间无差异(30.71±4.55min vs 35.20±5.44min,P=0.384)。末次随访时,两组患者BCVA均较术前明显改善(均P<0.01),但两组患者BCVA(LogMAR)无差异(1.39±0.24 vs 1.46±0.27,P=0.700);观察组患者黄斑裂孔闭合率高于对照组(100%vs 71%,P=0.024),但两组患者视网膜再脱离率比较无差异(0 vs 10%,P=0.492)。结论:两种手术方式均可改善患者视力,但玻璃体切割联合内界膜覆盖术后黄斑裂孔闭合率更高。     

自体游离内界膜移植术治疗玻璃体切割联合内界膜剥除术后未闭合黄斑裂孔患者的临床疗效

目的　评价自体游离内界膜移植术治疗玻璃体切割联合内界膜剥除术后未闭合黄斑裂孔患者的临床疗效。方法　本研究为回顾性病例研究。收集2016年3月至2018年6月14例（14眼）玻璃体切割联合内界膜剥除术后未闭合黄斑裂孔患者，行自体游离单层内界膜移植术，将黄斑区外残留的内界膜剥除一片略大于黄斑裂孔直径的游离植片，放置于黄斑裂孔中，并将植片边缘置于裂孔边缘下，起到固定作用，然后行气液交换，术后严格俯卧位3～5 d。术前，术后1 d、2周、1个月、3个月通过频域光学相干断层扫描图像观察黄斑裂孔直径及是否闭合，记录患者最佳矫正视力（best corrected visual acuity，BCVA）和眼压。结果　术后3个月，13眼黄斑裂孔完全闭合，裂孔闭合率为92.9%；1眼黄斑裂孔直径较术前明显缩小，裂孔周围视网膜贴附良好，但黄斑中心凹可见裸露的RPE层，未见神经上皮层组织。术后各时间BCVA较术前明显提高，差异均有统计学意义（均为P<0.05），其中11眼较术前提高，3眼无变化，但所有患者自诉视物变形症状较术前明显好转。术后2周，仅有1眼眼压高，为33.4 mmHg（1 kPa=7.5 mmHg），给予降眼压滴眼液后恢复正常。术后2周所有患者气体均完全吸收。14眼均未出现手术相关并发症。结论　自体游离内界膜移植术治疗玻璃体切割联合内界膜剥除术后未闭合黄斑裂孔，术后裂孔闭合率高，患者视功能改善明显。     

内界膜剥除术在眼底疾病治疗中的应用

内界膜位于视网膜和玻璃体之间,在眼底疾病的发展中起着重要的作用.近二十年,内界膜剥除术已广泛应用于眼底疾病的治疗中,如黄斑裂孔、视网膜前膜、糖尿病黄斑水肿、孔源性视网膜脱离等.内界膜瓣翻转技术及保留中心凹内界膜剥除术的出现,使内界膜剥除的方式更加多样化.而随着相干光断层扫描技术的发展,内界膜剥除后视网膜的改变也越来越被关注.本文对内界膜剥除术的发展、改进、应用及术后视网膜的改变作一综述.     

内界膜翻转填塞治疗高度近视黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离的初步疗效分析

目的观察内界膜翻转填塞治疗高度近视黄斑裂孔视网膜脱离的初步疗效。方法接受23G微创玻璃体切除联合内界膜剥除的高度近视黄斑裂孔视网膜脱离的患者37例(38只眼)纳入研究。其中,成功施行玻璃体切除联合内界膜剥除及内界膜翻转填塞16只眼(内界膜填塞组),其余21例(22只眼)行常规玻璃体切除联合内界膜剥除手术(内界膜剥除组)。两组患者均行硅油填充。手术后随访时间3~6个月,平均随访时间4个月。对比分析两组患眼黄斑裂孔闭合率、最佳矫正视力(Log MAR视力)、视网膜复位情况。结果内界膜剥除组,术后3个月视网膜复位者20只眼占90.91%,黄斑裂孔闭合者7只眼占31.82%。内界膜填塞组,术后3个月视网膜复位者16只眼占100%,黄斑裂孔闭合者16只眼占100%;内界膜剥除组术眼Log MAR视力由术前的1.95±0.44增加到术后的1.57±0.46,内界膜填塞组由术前的1.98±0.39增加到术后的1.48±0.33。两组术后视网膜复位率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=7.06,P<0.05)。两组裂孔闭合率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=6.31,P<0.05)。内界膜剥除组及内界膜填塞组手术后Log MAR视力均较手术前明显提高,差异有统计学意义(t=4.02、4.43,P<0.05)。两组手术后Log MAR视力比较,差异无统计学意义(t=0.17,P>0.05)。结论高度近视黄斑裂孔视网膜脱离行内界膜反转填塞手术较单纯内界膜剥除,黄斑裂孔闭合率及视网膜复位率均高,但术后两组视力恢复无明显差异。     

视网膜内界膜剥除对特发性黄斑裂孔患者术后裂孔愈合的影响

目的　探讨剥除视网膜内界膜对特发性黄斑裂孔患者术后裂孔愈合的影响。方法　对4 1例 (41只眼 )特发性黄斑裂孔患者进行手术治疗。A组 :单纯玻璃体切除 19只眼 ;B组 :玻璃体切除加视网膜内界膜剥除 2 2只眼。A组患者进行玻璃体切除、气体或液体交换及C3 F8眼内填充术 ;B组患者在A组术式的基础上 ,于术中增加黄斑区视网膜内界膜剥除。所有患者术后均保持面朝下体位10～ 14d。结果　 4 1只眼中 ,术后黄斑裂孔完全闭合 37只眼 ,相干光断层扫描显示黄斑裂孔已消失 ,总闭合率为 90 2 %。其中A组 19只眼中 ,有 15只眼黄斑裂孔闭合 ,闭合率为 78 9% ,视力略有提高 ;裂孔未闭 4只眼 ,相干光断层扫描仍见黄斑裂孔 ,视力无提高或降低。B组 2 2只眼经相干光断层扫描 ,证实黄斑裂孔已完全闭合 ,闭合率为 10 0 0 % ,视力明显提高。经Fisher精确概率检验 ,两组患者裂孔闭合率比较 ,差异有显著意义 (χ2 =4 86 5 ,P <0 0 5 ) ;视力改变比较 ,差异无显著意义(χ2 =0 0 0 0 ,P >0 0 5 ) ,但视力提高 2行以上者的差异有显著意义 (χ2 =4 385 ,P <0 0 5 )。结论　玻璃体手术是治疗黄斑裂孔患者的有效方法 ,而视网膜内界膜剥除有利于术后裂孔的闭合及其解剖结构的愈合     

Atypical macular holes

BACKGROUND: Therapeutic strategies for macular holes have been optimised during the last years. However, little is known about atypical macular holes. This study was conducted to analyse the clinical and anatomic outcome in secondary macular holes of different origins. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In a retropective analysis 60 eyes with atypical macular holes that underwent surgical repair were identified. Demografic data, lens status, macular situation, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) pre- and postoperative and complications were documented. After exclusion of patients with trauma, vitreomacular traction syndrome and epiretinal gliosis four subgroups were analysed. Group I: after retinal detachment (n = 6), Group II: with retinal vein occlusion (n = 5), Group III: associated with diabetic macular oedema (n = 6), Group IV: during/after internal limiting membrane peeling (n = 3). RESULTS: I. Four of six eyes showed a macular hole after successful retinal detachment surgery and two eyes in the presence of retinal detachment. Five of six eyes showed postoperative closure of the macular hole. BCVA improved in four eyes, worsened in one eye and remained unchanged in one. II. In five eyes a secondary macular hole occurred after retinal vein occlusion. After vitrectomy and gas tamponade a successful hole repair was observed in all eyes. Improvement of BCVA occurred in four eyes and remained unchanged in one eye. III. In six eyes a secondary macular hole developed after rupture of cysts in diabetic macular oedema. Four of six holes were closed successfully after vitrectomy. Improvement of BCVA was seen in two eyes, impaired BCVA in one eye and in one eye vision remained unchanged. IV. This group consists of two eyes with a macular hole after vitrectomy and membrane peeling and one eye with an iatrogenic intraoperatively created macular hole. After vitrectomy and gas tamponade, anatomic success was achieved in two eyes. Improvement of BCVA was observed in two eyes, in one eye BCVA deteriorated markedly. CONCLUSIONS: In spite of the different underlying diseases and pathomechanisms, secondary macular holes can be treated successfully in the majority of cases. Visual recovery was moderate in patients with diabetic macular oedema but marked in the other subgroups. Therefore, vitrectomy seems reasonable also in non-atypical macular holes of various origins.     

Unilateral double optic nerve head pits with foveo-schisis detachment treated by modified internal limiting membrane peeling technique

A 44-year-old female with a vision of 10/200 in the right eye had double pits in the temporal segment of the optic disc with serous macular detachment. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) confirmed serous retinal detachment, an outer layer hole, and double optic disc pits. The patient underwent pars plana vitrectomy with modified ILM flap surgery involving fovea-sparing internal limiting membrane peeling (FSIP) technique with inverted ILM flap tucking with gas tamponade. Post surgery, the communications between perineural and intraretinal spaces were obliterated with flaps of ILM covering the pits, with reduced serous macular detachment and BCVA of 20/120. FSIP with inverted internal limiting membrane flap tuck can be an effective technique to manage rare cases of double ODP-M.     

残留曲安奈德对特发性黄斑裂孔的愈合及组织水肿消退的研究

目的：探讨残留曲安奈德对特发性黄斑裂孔(IMH)愈合及组织水肿消退的临床作用。

方法：患者32例32眼实施闭合玻璃体切割术。试验组16例16眼术中应用曲安奈德(TA)辅助剥除内界膜,并残留少许曲安奈德于黄斑裂孔底部。对照组16例16眼未用辅助剂剥除内界膜。术后随访6～12mo,比较两组黄斑裂孔解剖复位、术后最佳矫正视力(BCVA)与黄斑裂孔指数情况。对结果进行统计学分析。

结果：术后所有的黄斑裂孔均达到解剖复位,闭合率100%。两组术后BCVA均较术前有所提高(P=0.000)。两组之间的视力改善无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组术后BCVA与黄斑裂孔指数(MHI)呈正相关,与裂孔高度无相关性。试验组手术时间较对照组明显缩短。两组均无严重并发症发生。

结论：术中应用曲安奈德有助于内界膜剥除。残留曲安奈德不影响特发性黄斑裂孔的愈合及组织水肿的消退; MHI计算简便,可作为临床预后的指标。未见与TA有关的副作用。     

Results of high-density silicone oil as a tamponade agent in macular hole retinal detachment in patients with high myopia

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the use of high-density silicone oil (HDSO) as a tamponade agent for retinal detachment secondary to myopic macular hole. METHODS: 12 eyes of 12 patients with macular hole retinal detachment underwent pars plana vitrectomy, internal limiting membrane peeling and HDSO tamponade. No posturing was required postoperatively and HDSO was removed 3-4 months later. Outcome measures included macular hole closure and retinal attachment rates, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and intraoperative and postoperative complications. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 67.8 years and the mean spherical equivalent refractive error was -13.4 diopters. After the removal of HDSO, 10 (83%) eyes had macular hole closure with retinal reattachment without any tamponade. One eye had retinal reattachment after re-operation and the other refused further surgery. At the last follow-up, the median BCVA improved from 20/800 to 20/600 (p = 0.046). A transient increase in intraocular pressure was observed in 5 (42%) eyes and one eye each developed mild oil emulsification and transient peripheral choroidal detachment. None of the eyes was found to have severe intraocular inflammation postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS: HDSO seemed to be an effective tamponade agent for myopic macular hole retinal detachment. Further prospective controlled studies seem warranted.     

重水保护下内界膜剥除及孔周按摩术治疗特发性黄斑孔的效果观察

目的:观察玻璃体切除联合重水保护下内界膜剥除及孔周按摩术治疗特发性黄斑孔的效果。方法:回顾性非随机对照研究。选取2018年6月至2019年12月郑州大学第一附属医院眼二科一组治疗的特发性黄斑孔者35例(37只眼),均接受玻璃体切除术联合重水保护下内界膜剥除及孔周按摩术。术后随访6个月,观察裂孔闭合情况、视力及并发症。结...     

剥离内界膜的玻璃体切除术治疗高度近视黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离

目的评价剥离内界膜的玻璃体切除术治疗高度近视黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离的临床疗效。方法选择16例(16眼)高度近视黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离患者,行常规经平坦部玻璃体切除、气-液交换、裂孔区注射透明质酸钠、吲哚菁绿染色、液-气交换、内界膜剥离、再次气-液交换、14?F8填充玻璃体腔,术后保持头低位,随访1~6个月。结果16眼中,13眼黄斑裂孔愈合,视网膜复位,3眼裂孔未闭,其中1眼复发视网膜脱离;术后视力提高14眼,不变1眼,下降1眼。结论剥离内界膜的玻璃体切除术能有效治疗高度近视黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离,并能促进黄斑裂孔的愈合。     

高度近视黄斑孔性视网膜脱离手术探讨

目的 评价黄斑加固联合内界膜剥离、注气治疗早期高度近视黄斑孔性视网膜脱离的效果.方法 10例10只眼早期高度近视黄斑孔性视网膜脱离进行了黄斑加固、玻璃体切除、内界膜剥离、玻璃体腔注气治疗.均有黄斑部视网膜脱离,眼轴长度均超过27.0 mm,均有黄斑全层破孔.视网膜已僵硬者排除在外.术后随访6～18个月.结果 10只眼初次手术后,视网膜全部复位.但1只眼1月后视网膜再次脱离,再次行玻璃体腔注气术后视网膜复位,黄斑孔未闭合.10只眼中有5只眼黄斑孔闭合;5只眼黄斑孔部分区域闭合,部分组织缺损（1个月后黄斑孔周围行激光封闭）.术中未见医源性裂孔形成,术后1只眼玻璃体积血,2周后自行吸收.余术后无眼内出血或眼内炎等严重并发症发生.结论 黄斑加固联合内界膜剥离注气术是治疗早期高度近视黄斑孔性视网膜脱离安全有效的手术方法.能提高视网膜解剖复位率、黄斑孔闭合率.     

Macular hole surgery with triamcinolone acetonide-assisted internal limiting membrane peeling: one-year results

PURPOSE: To report the 1-year results of macular hole surgery with triamcinolone acetonide (TA)-assisted internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling and to compare those with results of indocyanine green (ICG)-assisted ILM peeling. METHODS: In a nonrandomized, retrospective, interventional case series, 40 eyes of 39 consecutive patients with idiopathic full-thickness macular holes underwent macular hole surgery with TA-assisted ILM peeling. Surgical results 1 year after surgery, including changes in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and macular hole closure, were evaluated. Moreover, we compared the results for these 40 eyes (TA group) with those for 27 eyes of 27 consecutive patients who had undergone macular hole surgery with 0.25% ICG-assisted ILM peeling (ICG group). RESULTS: In the TA group, macular holes were closed in 39 (98%) of 40 eyes. Mean BCVA +/- SD significantly improved from 0.78 +/- 0.31 logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution (logMAR) preoperatively to 0.20 +/- 0.30 logMAR (P < 0.001). BCVA improved by > or =0.2 logMAR in 37 eyes (93%). BCVA was 20/40 or better in 33 (83%) of 30 eyes. In the ICG group, macular holes were closed in all 27 eyes (100%), and mean BCVA +/- SD significantly improved from 0.81 +/- 0.4 logMAR preoperatively to 0.34 +/- 0.2 logMAR 1 year postoperatively (P < 0.001). BCVA improved by > or =0.2 logMAR in 22 eyes (81%). BCVA was 20/40 or better in 16 (59%) of 27 eyes. Significant differences between groups were seen in mean BCVA 1 year after surgery (P = 0.049) but not in BCVA of 20/40 or better (P = 0.17) or change in BCVA by > or =0.2 logMAR (P = 0.05). CONCLUSION: TA is useful as an adjuvant for ILM peeling in macular hole surgery, and BCVA 1 year after surgery might be more favorable when compared with ICG-assisted ILM peeling.     

高度近视黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离的再次手术

目的 评价高度近视黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离再次手术的治疗效果。方法 对需再次手术的黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离17例17眼，其中11例是第1次经玻璃体切割联合膨胀气体填充后黄斑裂孔未闭合，6例是黄斑裂孔闭合后晚期复发的患者行玻璃体切割，彻底黄斑前膜剥离，2例行视网膜内界膜剥离，全部病例联合硅油内填充，11例术后补充氩激光光凝。结果 17例17眼黄斑裂孔闭合，视网膜全部复位，最终视力较术前提高。随访3—24个月，视网膜复位良好，无1眼复发。结论 黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离再次手术中彻底剥离黄斑前膜，剥离视网膜内界膜，硅油填充和激光光凝可有效封闭黄斑裂孔。     

亮蓝辅助视网膜内界膜剥离治疗病理性近视黄斑裂孔视网膜脱离的疗效评估

目的 评估亮蓝(BBG)辅助视网膜内界膜(ILM)剥离治疗病理性近视黄斑裂孔视网膜脱离的安全性和有效性.方法 前瞻性非对照研究.27例病理性近视黄斑裂孔视网膜脱离患者27只眼纳入研究.常规行最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、眼压、裂隙灯显微镜+90 D前置镜眼底检查,A和(或)B型超声、光相干断层扫描(OCT)及视野检查.所有患者行玻璃体切割手术(PPV),手术中采用BBG辅助ILM剥离,手术后采用C3F8气体填充.观察患者有无视网膜或角膜水肿、前房炎症反应、眼压增高等BBG毒性反应.手术后1、7 d,1、3、6个月进行随访,采用手术前相同的仪器设备行相关检查,对比分析手术前后BCVA、眼压、眼底表现、视野变化、黄斑裂孔闭合、视网膜复位等情况.结果 BBG辅助下,所有患者均完整地剥离ILM.无手术后角膜水肿、前房反应、眼压升高、视野缺损等不良反应发生.手术后1个月,27只眼中26只眼黄斑裂孔闭合、视网膜完全复位,占96.3%;1只眼黄斑裂孔未闭合、视网膜再脱离,占3.7%.手术后6个月,27只眼中25只眼视力提高,占92.6%;2只眼视力不变,占7.4%.手术前后BCVA比较,差异有统计学意义(t=6.08,P＜0.05).结论 BBG可充分染色ILM,且无不良反应发生;其辅助ILM剥离治疗病理性近视黄斑裂孔视网膜脱离安全有效.