RP-HPLC法同时测定辽细辛中L-细辛脂素、L-芝麻脂素和卡枯醇

目的 建立同时测定辽细辛中3种非挥发性成分的高效液相色谱方法,为该药材提供质量控制方法.方法 以醋酸乙酯为溶剂,对辽细辛药材粉末进行超声提取;采用RP-HPLC法对辽细辛中的L-细辛脂素、L-芝麻脂素和卡枯醇进行同时定量测定.Diamonsil C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-水(50:50);体积流量为1.0 mL/min;检测波长为240 nm;进样量为10 μL;外标法定量.结果 L-细辛脂素、L-芝麻脂素和卡枯醇分别在3.50～35.0 μg/mL(r=0.9997),1.52～76.0μg/mL(r=0.999 2)和0.38～7.60 μg/mL(r=0.999 9)呈良好线性关系,回收率分别为99.7%(RSD=2.7%)、96.7%(RSD=1.9%)和97.7%(RSD=1.5%).结论 该方法简便快速,结果准确,重现性好,可用于辽细辛药材的质量控制.     

不同沙棘叶中槲皮素、山柰酚和异鼠李素的含量比较

目的 比较不同沙棘叶中主要黄酮类成分的含量.方法 采用高效液相色谱法测定槲皮素、山柰酚和异鼠李素的含量.色谱柱Shim-pack VP-ODS(4.6 mm×150 mm,5μm);流动相甲醇-0.4％磷酸(50∶50),流速1.0 mL/min;柱温30℃;检测波长370 nm.结果 槲皮素、山柰酚和异鼠李素的线性范围分别为1.67～106.60μg/mL(r=0.999 9)、0.51～32.64 μg/mL(r=0.999 6)和0.78～49.92 μg/mL(r=0.999 9);平均加样回收率分别为99.50％、98.00％和100.80％.结论 高效液相色谱法准确、简便,可用于沙棘叶的品质评价;不同基源的沙棘叶中黄酮类成分的含量差异较大.     

HPLC测定盐酸特拉唑嗪胶囊含量及有关物质

目的 建立HPLC测定盐酸特拉唑嗪胶囊含量及有关物质的方法.方法 HPLC测定盐酸特拉唑嗪胶囊含量及有关物质.流动相为甲醇∶水∶冰醋酸∶三乙胺(330∶ 670∶ 10∶ 0.3);检测波长为245 nm;色谱柱:Diamonsil(钻石)C18(150×4.6 mm,5 μm);柱温为室温;流速为1.0 ml/min;灵敏度为0.05.结果 制剂中其他成分不干扰测定,杂质峰和主峰达到有效分离.盐酸特拉唑嗪在4.34-13.03 μg/ml浓度范围内与其峰面积呈良好的线性关系(r=0.999 9,n=5).结论 HPLC适用于测定盐酸特拉唑嗪胶囊含量及其有关物质,方法简单,结果准确,专属性强.     

RP-HPLC法测定肿节风饮片中异嗪皮啶和迷迭香酸

目的 建立RPHPLC法测定肿节风饮片中异嗪皮啶和迷迭香酸的方法。方法 采用RP-HPLC法,迪马Diamonsil-TM(钻石)C₁₈色谱柱(250 mm×46 mm,5 μm);流动相：乙腈0.1%磷酸水溶液(23∶77);检测波长：330 nm;体积流量：1.0 mL/min;柱温25 ℃;进样量：10 μL。结果 异嗪皮啶在0.015 9 ～0.796 2 μg线性关系良好(r=0.999 9),平均回收率为100.06%(RSD为1.52%);迷迭香酸在0.031 0 ～0.621 0 μg线性关系良好(r=0.999 8),平均回收率为99.99%(RSD为2.13%)。结论 该定量分析方法简便、准确、重复性好,在同一色谱条件下可同时测定肿节风饮片中异嗪皮啶和迷迭香酸。     

高效液相色谱法测定银黄滴丸中黄芩苷的含量

目的:建立银黄滴丸中黄芩苷的含量测定方法.方法:采用高效液相色谱法,色谱柱为Agilent Eclipse XDB-C18(5 μm,150 mm×4.6 mm);流动相为甲醇-水-冰醋酸(50:50:1);流速为1.0 ml/min;检测波长为274 nm.结果:黄芩苷在62.5～625.0 μg/ml范围内呈良好的线性关系,r=-0.999 9;平均回收率为101.01%,RSD为1.61%.结论:该方法操作简单、灵敏度高,可用于银黄滴丸中黄芩苷的含量测定.     

HPLC法测定苦参药材中苦参酮、降苦参酮的含量

目的 建立测定苦参药材中 2种黄酮类成分苦参酮和降苦参酮含量的高效液相色谱方法.方法 采用 Phenomenex Gemini C18色谱柱 ( 250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm ),以乙腈-水 ( 50∶ 50 )为流动相,流速 1.0 mL /min,检测波长 290 nm.结果 苦参酮和降苦参酮的线性范围分别为 0.318 6～1.593 0 μg (r=0.999 8),0.112 8～0.564 0 μg (r=0.999 9 );苦参药材平均加样回收率 (n=6) 分别为100.56% (RSD=0.93%),96.66%(RSD=0.85%).结论 3批样品测定结果表明,该方法简便、准确、重现性良好,可用于苦参药材苦参酮和降苦参酮 2种黄酮类成分的含量测定.     

高效液相色谱法测定贝诺酯颗粒的含量

目的:建立HPLC法测定贝诺酯颗粒的方法.方法:采用Sinochrom ODS-BP C18(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm)色谱柱;流动相:甲醇-水(50:50);检测波长:240 nm;流速1 ml/min;柱温:35℃.结果:贝诺酯在10～110 μg范围内呈良好的线性关系(r=0.999 9),平均回收率为99.80%,RSD=1.1%(n=6).结论:该法简便、准确、重现性好,可用于贝诺酯颗粒的质量控制.     

HPLC法测定塞来昔布胶囊中有关物质

目的 建立一种有效测定塞来昔布胶囊中有关物质的高效液相色谱法,并进行质量方法学研究。方法 采用Phenyl-2 Hypersil柱（250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm）;流动相为甲醇–0.02 mol/L磷酸二氢钾缓冲液（pH 3.0）（45∶55）;柱温为40 ℃;检测波长为215 nm;体积流量为1.3 mL/min;进样量为80 μL。结果 4-[5-(2-甲基苯基)-3-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-1-基]苯磺酰胺的质量浓度在1.0～3.0 μg/mL具有良好的线性关系（r=0.999 6）;检测限（S/N=3）为0.4 ng。结论 本方法简便准确、重现性好,精密度高,可有效地检测塞来昔布胶囊中有关物质,并为塞来昔布的检查和方法学研究提供了依据。     

反相高效液相法测定二黄消炎片中5种异喹啉类生物碱的含量

目的 建立同时测定二黄消炎片中5种原小檗碱类生物碱(小檗碱、药根碱、表小檗碱、黄连碱、巴马汀)含量的测定方法.方法 采用反相高效液相色谱(RP-HPLC)法测定.色谱柱:YMC-Pack ODS-AM(4.6 mm×250.0 mm,5μm);流动相:以0.1％ (v/v)甲酸水溶液-乙腈流动相梯度洗脱;流速:0.4 mL/min;进样量:10 μL;检测波长:345 nm;柱温:27℃.结果 二黄消炎片中5种生物碱成分的色谱分离行为良好,小檗碱、巴马汀、黄连碱、药根碱及表小檗碱的线性范围分别为1.526 4～5.342 4(r=0.999 9)、0.403 2～1.411 2(r=0.999 6)、0.309 7～1.083 9(r=0.999 8)、0.111 2～0.389 2(r=0.999 8)、0.162 2～0.567 7(r=0.999 6)μg,平均回收率分别为98.69％、98.66％、98.67％、98.67％、98.67％.结论 反相高效液相色谱法可行性高,专属性强,准确性高,重现性好,可作为二黄消炎片质量控制的参考依据之一.     

高效液相色谱法测定多西紫杉醇注射液含量及其有关物质

目的建立一种反相高效液相色谱法测定多西紫杉醇注射液含量,同时检测其有关物质。方法采用Alltima C18色谱柱(150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以甲醇∶20 mmol/L醋酸钠缓冲液(冰醋酸调pH值至5.0)(75∶25,V/V)为流动相,流速1.0 mL/min;检测波长为232 nm,柱温为室温。结果在选定的色谱条件下,多西紫杉醇的分析不受辅料和有关物质的干扰,定量限为500 ng,在25~800μg.mL-1范围内线性关系良好(r=0.999 9);平均加样回收率为99.92%,日内、日间RSD均<4%。结论本法测定多西紫杉醇及其有关物质专属性强,灵敏度高,重现性好,可用于测定注射液中多西紫杉醇的含量和其有关物质检查。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.