血管性痴呆50例脑脊液血管紧张素Ⅱ、精氨酸加压素变化与P300潜伏期的相关性

目的研究血管性痴呆 (VD)患者脑脊液血管紧张素Ⅱ (AngⅡ ),AVP含量变化, P300潜伏期 (P300PL)变化及意义.方法病例分组 VD组 50例;对照组为 CNS非器质性疾病患者 26例.运用简易精神状态量表 (MMSE),P300PL,Hachinski缺血量表 (HIS)、社会功能活动调查 (FAQ)评定其认知功能.用放射免疫分析法 (RIA)测定血浆、脑脊液 (CSF)AngⅡ ,AVP含量.结果 VD组患者 CSF AngⅡ含量 (103.6± 17.4) ng/L显著高于对照组 (35.2± 18.2) ng/L(t=2.759,P< 0.01),而 CSF AVP含量 (1.6± 0.5) ng/L显著低于对照组 (3.2± 0.7) ng/L(t=2.876,P< 0.01); VD组患者 P300PL(438± 39) ms比对照组 (331± 36) ms显著延长 (t=2.692,P< 0.01),而 MMSE评分 VD组 14.4± 7.6 比对照组 27.4± 2.2显著降低 (t=2.747,P< 0.01).结论脑内 AngⅡ ,AVP含量变化在 VD的发病中可能起重要作用.     

阿莫西林克拉维酸钾+甲硝唑+布洛芬缓释胶囊联合应用对牙周炎伴牙龈炎及痛疼的疗效分析

【摘要】目的 探讨阿莫西林克拉维酸钾+甲硝唑+布洛芬缓释胶囊联合应用治疗牙周炎伴牙龈炎及痛疼的临床疗效。方法 将2019年8月-2021年7月在我院治疗的60例牙周炎伴牙龈炎患者依据随机抽签法分为对照组30例和观察组30例,对照组施以阿莫西林克拉维酸钾,观察组则为阿莫西林克拉维酸钾+甲硝唑+布洛芬缓释胶囊。观察治疗前后菌斑附着水平（PAL）、菌斑指数（PLI）、龈沟出血指数（SBI）、牙周袋深度（PD）、以及IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α、 hs-CRP水平和GSH-Px、SOD、MDA、eNO水平的变化。结果 治疗后,观察组SBI 0.64±0.09分、PLI 0.97±0.14分、PAL 2.04±0.30mm、PD 2.45±0.36mm显著低于对照组(1.15±0.17分、1.26±0.18分、3.16±0.47mm、3.53±0.52mm)（P＜0.05）;治疗后,观察组IL-6 2.03±0.30ng/L、IL-1β 1.46±0.21ng/ml、TNF-α 10.18±1.52ng/ml、hs-CRP 9.53±1.42μmol/L均明显低于对照组(3.56±0.53ng/L、1.83±0.27ng/ml、15.52±2.32ng/ml、12.46±1.86μmol/L)(P＜0.05);治疗后,观察组GSH-Px 17.24±2.58mg/L、SOD 48.31±7.24 nU/ml水平显著高于对照组(12.28±1.84 mg/L、35.28±5.29nU/ml),以及MDA 3.14±0.47mmol/L、eNO 27.48±4.12μmmol/L水平显著低于对照组(6.66±0.99 mmol/L、38.44±5.76μmmol/L)(P＜0.05);观察组患者PAL、PD水平和IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α、hs-CRP均呈正相关（P＜0.05）。结论阿莫西林克拉维酸钾+甲硝唑+布洛芬缓释胶囊治疗牙周炎伴牙龈炎疗效显著,有利于减轻炎症反应,改善牙周和氧化应激反应。     

复神益智胶囊对老年性血管性痴呆患者血脂、血液流变学的影响

目的:观察复神益智胶囊改善血管性痴呆(vasculardementia,VD)患者血流动力学的临床变化,探索中医药辨证治疗VD的途径。方法:将邢台市人民医院神经内科,河北省荣康医院老年病科收治符合标准的VD病例76例,随机分为治疗组46例,对照组30例,治疗组给予复神益智胶囊,对照组给予复方丹参注射液,观察患者治疗前后血脂、血液流变学的变化。结果:治疗后治疗组总胆固醇,三酰甘油和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)均明显降低,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)以及HDL-C与总胆固醇,HDL-C与LDL-C比值均有明显上升,载脂蛋白A上升明显,载脂蛋白B100明显下降。两组比较三酰甘油、HDL/LDL和载脂蛋白B100等指标,治疗组为犤(75.8±24.3)g/L,0.76±0.41,(0.44±0.12)g/L犦,优于对照组犤(90.4±33.3)g/L,0.44±0.27,(0.54±0.11)g/L犦,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05)。治疗后血液流变学检测治疗组除高切变率下的全血还原黏度和血细胞比容两项指标不显著外,其余各项指标均明显好转。结论:复神益智胶囊可有效调节血管性痴呆患者的血流动力学状态。     

活血复肾胶囊对慢性肾功能衰竭大鼠脂质代谢紊乱的影响

目的:探讨活血复肾胶囊对慢性肾功能衰竭(chronicrenalfailure,CRF)过程中脂质代谢紊乱的影响。方法:采用腺嘌呤制作大鼠(雄性SD大鼠,山西医科大学动物实验中心提供)慢性肾衰竭模型,按体质量随机分为4组:正常对照组10只、CRF组10只(死亡4只)、活血复肾胶囊组及血脂康组各10只(各死亡2只)。除了正常组外,每只大鼠每日灌服腺嘌呤400mg/(kg·d),灌服药物时间为30d。正常对照组及CRF对照组,每日灌服蒸馏水2mL;活血复肾胶囊组及血脂康组每日分别灌服药物为1.6g/(kg·d),均持续治疗为4周。分别观察血清三酰甘油、胆固醇及载脂蛋白A、载脂蛋白B的水平。结果:CRF组血肌酐犤(59.15±9.03)μmol/L犦与血尿素氮犤(18.25±3.50)mmol/L犦明显升高,与正常对照组比较,差异均有显著性意义(P<0.05)。CRF组血脂水平明显高于正常对照组犤三酰甘油:(4.40±1.50)和(1.65±0.48)mmol/L;胆固醇:(4.60±1.20)和(2.29±0.26)mmol/L;载脂蛋白A:(1.17±0.20)和(0.79±0.13)mmol/L;载脂蛋白B:(0.49±0.20)和(0.31±0.04)mmol/L犦,差异均有显著性意义(P<0.05)。活血复肾组血脂水平明显降低犤三酰甘油:(2.50±0.68)mmol/L;胆固醇:(3.06±1.40)mmol/L〗犦犤;载脂蛋白A:(1.10±0.12)mmol/L;载脂蛋白B(0.40±0.03)mmol/L犦,与正常对照组比     

铝与血管性痴呆发病机制的相关性探讨

目的对缺血性脑卒中(不论有无痴呆)患者进行脑脊液(CSF)中铝含量进行测定,探索老年性痴呆的发病机制。方法观察组为缺血性脑卒中患者,对照组为整形外科患者。取两组患者的CSF,用原子吸收光谱进行CSF的铝含量测定,然后用韦氏智力量表及长谷川简易量表对患者智能进行测定。结果第1次检测结果:观察组铝含量为(81.6±8.9)ng/L,对照组为(35.6±2.2)ng/L(t=35.17,P<0.001)。第2次检测结果:观察组铝含量为(76.8±6.7)ng/L,韦氏成人智力量表均值低于75分,智力水平低于平常水平。对照组25例,铝含量为(14.0±1.2)ng/L(t=34.55,P<0.001)。第3次检测结果:观察组铝含量为(100.6±7.8)ng/L,长谷川简易量表均值为10.48分,为中等以下痴呆。对照组铝含量为(32.3±0.1)ng/L(t=14.92,P<0.001)。3次检测结果中观察组患者的铝含量均较对照组增加。结论VD及AD可能有相同的致病原因,中枢神经系统铝中毒。     

生脉注射液对2型糖尿病肾病患者血液肿瘤坏死因子α和白细胞介素6的影响

目的:观察生脉注射液对2型糖尿病肾病患者血液细胞因子的影响,探讨生脉注射液治疗2型糖尿病肾病的机制。方法:2000-03/2003-06永州市人民医院内分泌科住院2型糖尿病肾病患者56例。按随机数字法将患者分为治疗组和对照组,各28例。选择30例本院健康体检自愿者作为对照组。治疗组给予生脉注射液治疗,对照组予常规西药治疗,于治疗前后检测患者血液中细胞因子白细胞介素6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平并与正常组进行比较。结果:生脉注射液治疗2型糖尿病肾病总有效率75%,而对照组总有效率为43%,两组比较,差异有显著性意义(χ2=5.976,P=0.028)。2型糖尿病肾病患者TNF-α和IL-6水平明显高于正常组(t=17.56,18.15,P<0.01)。治疗前生脉注射液治疗组血液中TNF-α犤(245.88±29.93)ng/L犦和IL-6犤(213.45±32.76)ng/L犦水平与对照组血液中TNF-α犤(257.43±27.65)ng/L〗和IL-6犤(203.87±34.15)ng/L犦比较,差异无显著性意义(P>0.05);治疗后生脉注射液治疗组血液中TNF-α犤(197.52±25.67)ng/L犦和IL-6犤(145.83±26.67)ng/L犦显著低于对照组血液中TNF-α犤(243.76±28.52)ng/L犦和IL-6犤(184.26±29.61)ng/L〗水平(t=6.377,5.103,P均<0.01)。生脉注射液治疗组治疗后尿蛋白量犤(1.15±0.58)g/24h犦显著低于对     

脑立苏对脑卒中急性期患者血液流变学及垂体-肾上腺轴激素的影响

目的观察脑立苏冲剂对急性期脑卒中患者的血液流变学等指标和垂体—肾上腺 (HPA)轴激素的影响.方法将 90例急性期脑卒中患者随机分为治疗组(60例)和对照组(30例),治疗组给予脑立苏冲剂,6 g/次,2次 /d;对照组给予维脑路通,200 mg/次,2次 /d,两组均配合一般治疗.结果治疗组全血高切粘度治疗前后分别为(6.72± 0.82) mPa· s、(5.57± 0.96) mPa· s(t=2.44,P< 0.05),全血低切粘度治疗前后分别为(12.03± 1.65) mPa· s、(10.31± 1.88) mPa· s(t=3.65,P< 0.01),胆固醇治疗前后分别为(5.09± 0.73) mmol/L、(4.07± 0.58) mmol/L(t=2.16,P< 0.05);对照组治疗前后差异无显著性意义,治疗组治疗前促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)、皮质醇(CS)分别为(34.56± 5.90) ng/L 、(395.94± 128.47) ng/L ,治疗后为(19.75± 6.42) ng/L 、(302.67± 99.63) ng/L,对照组治疗前分别为(34.64± 5.72) ng/L、(403.12± 130.14) ng/L,治疗后为(25.78± 6.34) ng/L、(337.38± 102.03) ng/L(P< 0.01).结论脑立苏冲剂能明显改善急性期脑卒中患者的血液流变学及血脂各项指标,同时使患者 HPA轴激素水平均明显下降.     

自拟补肾健脾通络汤对骨质疏松症患者疼痛及骨密度的影响

目的:观察自拟补肾健脾通络汤对骨质疏松症患者疼痛的改善作用,评价其对骨质疏松患者骨密度的影响,分析其治疗机制。方法:深圳市中医院共收治125例原发性骨质疏松症患者,其中采用自拟补肾健脾通络汤治疗骨质疏松患者64例(治疗组),并与中成药治疗骨质疏松患者61例(对照组)进行对比观察。结果:对骨质疏松患者疼痛的改善作用两组间有效率(分别为84%和67%)差别有显著性意义(χ2=301.5,P<0.01),两组间骨密度的改善情况有显著差别,治疗组治疗后腰椎、股骨颈、股骨三角区的骨密度为(0.965±0.088),(0.702±0.048),(0.706±0.033)g/cm2,对照组的值为(0.933±0.036),(0.685±0.035),(0.671±0.036)g/cm2(t=2.314～5.6,P<0.05),两组患者治疗前后血生化指标对比有显著差别,治疗组治疗后S-Ca为(2.342±0.113)mmol/L,Ca2+为(2.02±0.14)mmol/L,ALP为(64.3±12.1)nkat/L,对照组的值为(2.309±0.145),(2.34±0.28)mmol/L,(70.3±12.7)nkat/L(t=2.04～5.47,P<0.05)。结论:自拟补肾健脾通络汤对骨质疏松患者的疼痛及骨密度的改善作用明显,疗效稳定,无副作用。     

血清白介素-6 C反应蛋白水平和急性冠状动脉综合征的关系--附30例检测报告

目的研究急性冠状动脉综合征(acute coronary syndrome,ACS)患者血清白介素-6和C反应蛋白水平的变化,为ACS的早期预防及临床干预治疗提供参考.方法用酶联免疫吸附法测定30例ACS患者和18例稳定型心绞痛(stable angina pectoris,SAP)患者和26名正常人(对照组)的白介素-6、C反应蛋白水平,比较ACS组和SAP组入院时和住院3周后的白介素-6、C反应蛋白水平变化情况.结果ACS组入院时和住院3周后白介素-6[(254±70)ng/L,(239±67)ng/L]、C反应蛋白水平[(38±18)ng/L,(35±17)ng/L]分别与SAP组[(113±41)ng/L、(109±40)ng/L、(4.9±1.8)ng/L、(4.7±2.0)ng/L]、对照组[(93±39)ng/L、(3.7±1.5)ng/L]比较差异均有统计学意义,均为P＜0.01,ACS组入院时与住院治疗3周后的白介素-6、C反应蛋白水平比较差异均无统计学意义(均为P＞0.05).而SAP组入院时和住院3周后的白介素-6、C反应蛋白水平与对照组比较差异亦无统计学意义,均为P＞0.05.结论ACS患者血清白介素-6、C反应蛋白水平显著升高,提示炎症反应可能参与了ACS的发生、发展过程,白介素-6、C反应蛋白可作为监测ACS病情的临床生化指标.     

超短波治疗对慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者细胞因子变化的影响

目的:观察超短波疗法对慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronicobstructivepul-monarydisease,COPD)患者气道炎症的影响,探讨超短波治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病的作用机制。方法:随机选取74例急性发作期COPD患者,根据治疗方法不同随机分为超短波治疗组(常规治疗+超短波治疗)42例,对照组(常规治疗)32例。两组病程、病情及常规治疗同质,治疗前后分别检测2组患者血液中白介素8(interleukin-8,IL-8)、肿瘤坏死因子(tumornecrosisfac-tor-α,TNF-α)、粒细胞集落刺激因子(granulocyte,G-CSF)。结果:对照组治疗前后IL-8犤(236.10±52.60)ng/L和(197.90±62.80)ng/L犦,G-CSF犤(120.75±21.32)ng/L和(109.92±22.96)ng/L犦差异有显著性意义(t=1.93,1.95;P均<0.05);TNF-α犤(38.01±7.10)pmol/L和(36.85±4.08)pmol/L犦差异无显著性意义(t=1.47;P>0.05)。超短波治疗组患者治疗前后IL-8犤(232.36±76.34)ng/L和(108.48±40.50)ng/L犦,TNF-α犤(39.96±6.01)pmol/L和(27.50±3.88)pmol/L犦,G-CSF犤(125.40±21.93)ng/L和(96.52±19.01)ng/L犦,差异均有显著性意义(t=1.92,1.97,1.89;P均<0.05);与对照组比较上述3项指标差异亦有显著性意义(t=1.98,1.87,1.89;P<0.05)。结论:超短波通过降低气道炎症,改善COPD患者的肺功能,可用于急性期COPD     

Effect of 5-fluorouracil, mitoxantrone, methotrexate, and vincristine on the antibacterial activity of ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, cefotiam, piperacillin, and netilmicin

Using the checkerboard agar dilution technique, antibacterial activity and in vitro interactions of 4 antineoplastic agents and 5 antimicrobial drugs were examined against 56 strains of 7 bacterial species. 5-fluorouracil was found to inhibit all strains of Staphylococcus aureus and of Staphylococcus epidermidis at a concentration of 0.8 micrograms/ml or less. 84% of all gram-negative strains were inhibited synergistically when 5-fluorouracil was combined with beta-lactam antibiotics. Methotrexate and cefotiam were antagonistic in 42% of all combinations, especially when tested against Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae.     

Susceptibilities of non-Pseudomonas aeruginosa gram-negative nonfermentative rods to ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, levofloxacin, D-ofloxacin, sparfloxacin, ceftazidime, piperacillin, piperacillin-tazobactam, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and imipenem.

Agar dilution MICs of 10 agents against 410 non-Pseudomonas aeruginosa gram-negative nonfermentative rods were determined. MICs at which 50 and 90% of the isolates were inhibited, respectively, were as follows (in micrograms per milliliter): sparfloxacin, 0.5 and 8.0; levofloxacin, 1.0 and 8.0; ciprofloxacin, 2.0 and 32.0; ofloxacin, 2.0 and 32.0; D-ofloxacin, 32.0 and > 64.0; ceftazidime, 8.0 and 64.0; piperacillin with or without tazobactam, 16.0 and > 64.0; trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, 0.5 and > 64.0; imipenem, 2.0 and > 64.0. With the exception of those for Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Burkholderia cepacia, and Alcaligenes faecalis-A. odorans, agar dilution MICs for all strains tested were within 1 dilution of inhibitory (bacteriostatic) levels as determined by time-kill methodology.     

Comparative ototoxicity of ribostamycin, dactimicin, dibekacin, kanamycin, amikacin, tobramycin, gentamicin, sisomicin and netilmicin in the inner ear of guinea pigs

Nine aminoglycoside antibiotics, ribostamycin (RSM), dactimicin (DAC), dibekacin (DKB), kanamycin (KM), amikacin (AMK), netilmicin (NTL), tobramycin (TOB), gentamicin (GM) and sisomicin (SISO) were administered intramuscularly to guinea pigs for 4 weeks, and ototoxicity and drug concentration in the inner ear fluid were determined. RSM and DAC showed the weakest ototoxicity against the cochlea and vestibular organs. AMK and KM were more toxic to cochlea than vestibular organs. DKB, TOM, GM and SISO were equally toxic to vestibular organs and cochlea. NTL was more toxic to vestibular organs than cochlea. As judged from the pinna reflex response and hair cell damage in the cochlea, the order of auditory toxicity was the following: SISO greater than GM greater than TOB greater than AMK greater than DKB greater than KM greater than NTL, DAC RSM, whereas the vestibular toxicity was in the following order: SISO greater than GM greater than DKB greater than TOB greater than NTL greater than AMK greater than KM greater than DAC, RSM. RSM, causing the weakest ototoxicity, showed a low drug concentration in the inner ear fluid, while GM, causing severe ototoxicity, showed the highest drug level under the same conditions.     

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Zimmermann PG. Philadelphia: Hanley & Belfus, 2002, 243 pp, ISBN 1-56053-529-6.