口服避孕药联合二甲双胍治疗多囊卵巢综合征疗效观察

目的观察口服避孕药联合二甲双胍治疗多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)的疗效。方法选择2001年11月至2004年6月在昆明医学院第一附属医院就诊的PCOS患者90例,随机分为A、B、C3组。A组32例,口服妈富隆联合二甲双胍治疗;B组40例,口服达因-35联合二甲双胍治疗;C组18例,单用妈富隆治疗。3组用药时间均为3个月。测定患者血清卵泡刺激素(FSH)、黄体生成素(LH)和睾酮(T),测量腰/臀比值(WHR)及体质指数(BMI)并进行治疗前后的比较。结果A、B两组治疗后LH、LH/FSH、T及WHR均较治疗前明显降低(P<0.05或P<0.01)且两组间差异无显著性(P>0.05);C组治疗后LH、LH/FSH、T较治疗前明显降低(P<0.01),但WHR明显升高(P<0.05)。A、B、C3组治疗后各项指标比较LH、LH/FSH及T差异无显著性(P>0.05),而C组WHR明显高于A、B两组(P<0.01)。结论口服避孕药联合二甲双胍治疗PCOS疗效优于单用口服避孕药。妈富隆与达因-35疗效比较,差异无显著性。     

核因子-κB和肿瘤坏死因子-α与多囊卵巢综合征患者糖脂代谢指标相关性研究

目的探讨血清中核因子-κB(NF-κB)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)与多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者糖脂代谢指标的相关性。方法选择80例PCOS患者为研究组,同期来院就诊的80例非PCOS不孕症患者为对照组。根据体质量指数(BMI)是否≥25 kg/m2,将研究组分为PCOS肥胖亚组(A组,40例)、PCOS非肥胖亚组(B组,40例);对照组分为非PCOS肥胖亚组(C组,40例)和非PCOS非肥胖亚组(D组,40例)。检测静脉血NF-κB、TNF-α及血糖血脂相关指标,并对各因素间关系采用Spearman相进行关性分析。结果 A组稳态胰岛素评价指数(HOMA-IR)、空腹胰岛素(FIN)、甘油三酯(TG)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平指标明显高于B组(P值分别为0.022、0.036、0.044、0.023)、C组(P值分别为0.014、0.029、0.021、0.018)及D组(P值分别为0.007、0.021、0.014、0.003),B组HOMA-IR及FIN指标高于C组(P值分别为0.041、0.033)及D组(P值分别为0.030、0.017);A组血清中总胆固醇(TC)水平高于D组(P=0.023);B组血清中TG和LDL-C水平高于D组(P值分别为0.032、0.026);A组血清中高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平低于D组(P=0.001);A组血清中NF-κB水平[(655.59±273.41)IU/L]高于B组[(502.84±165.48)IU/L](P=0.034)、C组[(352.10±132.45)IU/L](P=0.019)及D组[(319.62±112.57)IU/L](P=0.005),B组血清中NF-κB水平高于C组(P=0.039)及D组(P=0.031);A组血清中TNF-α水平[(86.18±18.32)ng/L]高于B组[(66.86±22.71)ng/L](P=0.042)、C组[(58.40±17.90)ng/L](P=0.029)及D组[(54.67±22.34)ng/L](P=0.013),B组血清中TNF-α水平高于D组(P=0.038);在相关性分析中显示,PCOS患者中NF-κB及TNF-α均与BMI、FIN、HOMA-IR、TG、LDL-C等指标有相关性(P0.05),且NF-κB与TNF-α也有相关性(P0.05)。结论 TNF-α可能与NF-κB相互作用共同参与PCOS的糖脂代谢紊乱的发生及发展,为临床治疗PCOS提供了新的思路。     

复方环丙孕酮联合罗格列酮、二甲双胍治疗多囊卵巢综合征伴重度胰岛素抵抗疗效观察

目的 探讨复方环丙孕酮(CPA)联合二甲双胍与罗格列嗣,治疗多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)伴重度胰岛素抵抗(IR)患者内分泌、代谢异常的疗效.方法 2007年1月至2008年6月在哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院生殖科就诊的84例PCOS伴重度IR患者按不同的治疗方案进行分组,A组33例给予CPA、二甲双胍及罗格列嗣治疗;B组26例给予CPA和罗格列酮治疗;C组25例给予CPA和二甲双胍治疗,疗程为3个月.比较3组患者用药前后的临床表现、性激素、血糖和胰岛素水平的变化.结果 用药3个月A、B、C组血清雄激素水平均较治疗前明显下降,但3者之间无统计学意义(P>0.05),A、B、C 3组治疗后Homa IR、Homaβ、AUCINS均有不同程度下降,B组与C组比较无统计学意义(P>0.05),A组与B、C组比较有统计学意义(P<0.05),Homa、IR、Homa、AUCINS明显改善.结论 对于PCOS合并重度IR的患者,CPA联合二甲双胍和罗格列嗣治疗效果较好,比二甲双胍、罗格列酮分别单独与CPA联合用药有明显的优势.     

多囊卵巢综合征患者促甲状腺素浓度与性激素、胰岛素抵抗及血脂关系的分析

目的:探讨多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者血清促甲状腺激素(TSH)浓度与临床特征及内分泌代谢指标之间的相关性。方法:选择485例PCOS患者,测量身高、体质量、腰围、臀围,应用电化学发光法分析测定血清TSH、游离甲状腺素(FT4)、游离三碘甲状腺素(FT3)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(VLDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、三酰甘油(TG)、载脂蛋白A(apo A)、载脂蛋白B(apo B)、空腹血糖(FBG)、空腹胰岛素(INS)、卵泡刺激素(FSH)、黄体生成素(LH)、睾酮(T)、催乳素(PRL)、雌二醇(E2)、雄稀二酮(A2)和性激素结合球蛋白(SHBG);计算体质量指数(BMI)、腰臀比(WHR)、LH与FSH比值(LH/FSH);采用稳态模型评估的胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)。按血清TSH浓度将其分为3组,A组(n=297):TSH2.5 m IU/L;B组(n=120):TSH为2.5~4.0 m IU/L;C组(n=68):TSH4.0 m IU/L。比较3组上述各项指标的差异及TSH与各项指标间的相关性。结果:3组患者BMI、腰围、臀围、VLDLC、TG、HDL-C、LH及apo A差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。C组BMI、腰围、臀围、TG、VLDLC及apo A均高于A组(P0.05),而HDL及LH均低于A组(P0.05)。C组BMI及TG均高于B组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),而HDL-C低于B组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。B组VLDLC高于A组(P0.05)。TSH升高与BMI、体质量、腰围、臀围、TG、VLDL-C、HOMA-IR呈正相关,而与HDL-C、LH呈负相关(P0.05)。与其他相关代谢指标之间无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:PCOS患者的TSH与脂代谢指标有相关性,TSH4 m IU/L时脂代谢发生显著变化。     

体重指数对多囊卵巢综合征患者IVF/ICSI-ET助孕结局的影响

目的探讨体重指数(BMI)对多囊卵巢综合征(polycystic ovary syndrome,PCOS)患者常规体外受精/卵细胞浆内单精子注射-胚胎移植(IVF/ICSI-ET)助孕结局的影响。方法回顾性分析2015年1月至2017年7月在郑州大学第二附属医院生殖中心行长方案IVF/ICSI-ET治疗的1381例PCOS患者,根据BMI分为4组:A组(低体重组,BMI18.5);B组(正常体重组,18.5≤BMI23.9);C组(超重组,24≤BMI27.9);D组(肥胖组,BMI≥28)。分别比较各组相关指标和妊娠结局。结果 D组促排周期取消率高于B组(2.78%vs.0.30%,P0.001),D组与C组促性腺激素(gonadotropin,Gn)总量和时间显著多于B组与A组(P0.001),D组胚胎种植率(24.04%)与临床妊娠率(36.27%)明显低于A、B和C组(P0.01);D组活产率(26.44%)明显低于B与C组(P0.01);B组h CG注射日血清雌二醇(estradiol,E2)浓度最高,获卵数最多(P0.001),4组间受精率、卵裂率、优质胚胎率、流产率差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论随着BMI升高,PCOS患者IVF/ICSI-ET助孕过程中Gn使用时间延长、用量增加。体重低于或高于正常者获卵数减少。PCOS伴有肥胖者行IVF/ICSI-ET的胚胎种植率、临床妊娠率及活产率降低,对妊娠结局产生负面影响。     

多囊卵巢综合征患者胰岛素抵抗与脂代谢的关系

目的:探讨多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者胰岛素抵抗(IR)、肥胖及血脂代谢的关系。方法:把PCOS病人分成IR组(15例),非IR组(25例),另设正常育龄妇女为对照组(20例)三组,检测空腹血甘油三脂(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、载脂蛋白A1(ApoA1)、载脂蛋白B(ApoB)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT)、胰岛素(INS)释放试验,并计算体重指数(BMI)和腰臀比(WHR)。结果:(1)BMI、WHR三组间差别有显著意义(P<0.05,P0.05),后者三组间差别有显著意义(P<0.05)。结论:PCOS病人的IR与肥胖及脂代谢关系密切,使发生心血管疾病风险增加。     

罗格列酮联合二甲双胍治疗多囊卵巢综合征的临床疗效观察

目的 :探讨罗格列酮联合二甲双胍治疗多囊卵巢综合征 (PCOS)的临床疗效。方法 :10 0例临床上有PCOS表现的肥胖不育患者通过口服葡萄糖耐量试验 (OGTT)、胰岛素及C肽释放试验 ,检出胰岛素抵抗 (IR)患者 80例 ,随机分为A、B、C 3组 ,分别给予促排卵药 ,促排卵药加二甲双胍 ,促排卵药加二甲双胍加罗格列酮 ,共治疗 2个月经周期 ,比较 3组用药前后及 3组间体重指数 (BMI)、胰岛素抵抗指数 (HomaIR)、游离脂肪酸(FFA)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNFα)、纤溶酶原激活抑制物 1(PAI 1)和排卵率的变化。结果 :C组患者治疗后的BMI、HomaIR、FFA、TNFα、PAI 1较治疗前明显下降 (P <0 .0 5 )。C组的排卵率明显优于A组 (P <0 .0 1)和B组 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :罗格列酮联合二甲双胍治疗PCOS效果显著。     

多囊卵巢综合征患者血清巨噬细胞移动抑制因子与胰岛素抵抗

目的探讨多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者血清巨噬细胞移动抑制因子(MIF)水平变化与胰岛素抵抗的相关性。方法 2008年9月至2010年9月在沧州市中心医院选择未合并糖尿病的PCOS患者127例作为研究对象,同期选择年龄、BMI匹配的健康女性109例作为对照,测定血清MIF水平及内分泌代谢指标。结果 PCOS组血清MIF水平显著高于对照组(P<0.05);PCOS非胰岛素抵抗组显著低于PCOS胰岛素抵抗组(P<0.05),但仍显著高于正常对照组(P<0.05),差异有统计学意义。MIF与空腹胰岛素FINS(r=0.17,P<0.01)、血清CRP(r=0.19,P<0.01)、2h糖耐量2hOGTT(r=0.18,P<0.05)、胰岛素抵抗指数HOMA-IR(r=0.20,P<0.01)、BMI(r=0.20,P<0.05)呈正相关,与腰臀比(WHR)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)、甘油三酯(TG)、空腹葡萄糖(FBG)无关。结论在PCOS患者发生胰岛素抵抗的过程中,MIF的变化从一定程度上反映了慢性炎症的发生发展。     

罗格列酮和二甲双胍治疗胰岛素抵抗多囊卵巢综合征的临床研究

目的　探讨罗格列酮 (rosiglitazone)和二甲双胍 (metformin)分别对有胰岛素抵抗的多囊卵巢综合征(polycysticovarysyndrome,PCOS)患者促排卵治疗的疗效对比。 方法　选择 2 0 0 2年 2月至 2 0 0 3年 6月存在胰岛素抵抗的PCOS患者 94例 ,将其随机分为A、B、C 3组。A组 36例口服罗格列酮联合克罗米芬治疗 ;B组 30例口服二甲双胍联合克罗米芬 (clomiphenecitrate ,CC)治疗 ;C组 2 8例口服克罗米芬治疗。 3组用药时间均为 3个月经周期。比较 3组用药后的胰岛素抵抗指数 (homainsulin resistance ,HomaIR)变化和排卵的发生情况。结果　A组用药 2个月后HomaIR开始由 1 12± 0 4 9下降为 0 86± 0 4 2 ,用药 3个月HomaIR由 1 12± 0 4 9降为0 6 1± 0 36 ,两者比较差异有显著性意义 (P <0 0 5 ) ;B组用药 2个月后HomaIR无明显下降 ,用药 3个月HomaIR由 1 15± 0 5 2降为 0 83± 0 32 ,两者比较差异有显著性意义 (P <0 0 5 )。C组用药前后HomaIR无变化。治疗后 3个月排卵率A组为 76 9% ,明显优于B组的 6 6 8%和C组的 5 8 8% ,差异有显著性意义 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　罗格列酮比二甲双胍能更快更好地改善PCOS的胰岛素抵抗 ,提高促排卵成功率。     

孕激素对去势雌性大鼠血脂及血管病理形态学的影响

目的:研究孕激素对去势雌性大鼠血脂及血管病理形态学的影响。方法:随机将50只6月龄SD雌性大鼠分为5组:假手术组(A)、卵巢切除组(B)、卵巢切除加补佳乐(Progynova)2mg加甲羟孕酮(MPA)2mg组(C)、卵巢切除加MPA10mg组(D)、卵巢切除加MPA20mg组(E)。手术7天后开始喂药,用药后3个月处死。测定各组大鼠血脂及血管病理形态学的变化。结果:总胆固醇(TC):卵巢切除后各组TC降低,与A组的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),B组、C组、D组、E组的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);甘油三脂(TG):A组与C组无差异,B组、D组、E组TG降低,与A组、C组的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C):卵巢切除后各组HDL-C降低与A组的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),B组、C组、D组、E组的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C):D组与E组无差异,D组、E组LDL-C降低,与A组、B组、C组的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),B组、C组、D组LDL-C降低,与A组的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。脂蛋白(a)[Lp(a)]:A组、B组、C组、D组、E组之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);载脂蛋白-A(apo-A)及载脂蛋白-B(apo-B)各组之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:大鼠去势后MPA及雌激素替代治疗(ERT)对血脂影响与激素类型、激素剂量有关,但对血管病理形态学无影响。     

Ethinylestradiol/cyproterone acetate in polycystic ovary syndrome: lipid and carbohydrate changes.

OBJECTIVE: Ethinylestradiol (EE) combined with the antiandrogenic progestin cyproterone acetate (CPA) is a possible treatment in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). We investigated the impact of EE/CPA on lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in women with PCOS,who were otherwise healthy. METHOD: The 31 women were separated into two groups paired by body mass index (BMI): Group A (control, n = 15) were cycled with 10 mg medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) x 10 days (Provera, Pharmacia & Upjohn) every month for 3 months; Group B (n = 16) were treated with 35 microg EE/2 mg CPA (Diane 35, Schering) for 3 months. Metabolic and hormonal conditions were similar in both groups. RESULTS: Group A showed no change in any hormone or metabolic parameter. Group B showed a significant decrease in free androgen index (-81%) and increase in sex hormone binding globulin (+ 639%), a decrease in low density lipoprotein cholesterol (-14%) and total cholesterol/high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol index (-19%), and increases in HDL cholesterol (+ 23%) and triglycerides (+ 82%) (p < 0.001). Fasting insulin increased in 18%, the glucose/insulin index worsened in 8%, and the plasma glucose disappearance worsened in 12%, with no statistical significance (p= 0.092, p=0.308 and p= 0.237, respectively). CONCLUSION: Treatment of PCOS with EE/CPA induces important favorable changes regarding hormone parameters associated with hyperandrogenism, significant favorable changes in lipid profile except for triglyceride increase, and no significant change in carbohydrate metabolism (measured by fasting insulin, glucose/insulin index and plasma glucose disappearance). MPA cycling does not change any of these parameters.     

中药提取物改善多囊卵巢综合征中胰岛素抵抗的研究进展

多囊卵巢综合征（polycystic ovarian syndrome,PCOS）是一组以无排卵或稀发排卵、不孕、高雄激素血症等为主要表现的异质性内分泌疾病。胰岛素抵抗（insulin resistance,IR）不仅是PCOS的重要内分泌表现,同时也是其可能发病机制之一。近年来黄连素（berberine,BBR）、葛根素（puerarin）、隐丹参酮（cryptotanshintone）、甘草次酸（glycyrrhetinic acid）等中药提取物在PCOS患者中IR的疗效受到了广泛关注。大量研究表明中药提取物可通过腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶（adenosine 5′-monophosphate-activated protein kinase,AMPK）、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（mitogen-activated protein kinase,MAPK）等多种途径有效改善PCOS患者IR情况。综述中药提取物在PCOS治疗中改善IR的可能机制。     

Differential insulin response to myo-inositol administration in obese polycystic ovary syndrome patients

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by hyperandrogenism, chronic anovulation, polycystic ovaries at ultrasound evaluation, and quite frequently by insulin resistance or compensatory hyperinsulinemia. Attention has been given to the role of inositol-phosphoglycan (IPG) mediators of insulin action and growing evidences suggest that a deficiency of d-chiro-inositol (DCI) containing IPG might be at the basis of insulin resistance, frequent in PCOS patients. On such basis, we investigated the efficacy on insulin sensitivity and hormonal parameters of 8 weeks treatment with myo-inositol (MYO) (Inofert, ItalPharmaco, Milano, Italy) at the dosage of 2 g day in a group (n = 42) of obese PCOS patients,. After the treatment interval body mass index (BMI) and insulin resistance decreased together with luteinizing hormone (LH), LH/FSH and insulin. When subdividing the patients according to their fasting insulin levels, Group A (n = 15) insulin below 12 µU/ml and Group B (n = 27) insulin above 12 µU/ml, MYO treatment induced similar changes in both groups but only patients of Group B showed the significant decrease of both fasting insulin plasma levels (from 20.3 ± 1.8 to 12.9 ± 1.8 µU/ml, p < 0.00001) and of area under the curve (AUC) of insulin under oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). In conclusion, our study supports the hypothesis that MYO administration is more effective in obese patients with high fasting insulin plasma levels.     

Hyperinsulinemia does not influence androgens/estrogens ratio in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome

OBJECTIVE: The ratio of androgens to estrogens in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and controls was evaluated in order to investigate whether hyperinsulinemia might induce hyperandrogenemia by decreasing androgen catabolism. STUDY DESIGN: Forty women were divided into four groups according to the presence of PCOS, insulin resistance, and normal or abnormal body mass index (BMI); each group consisted of 10 women. Group I comprised patients with PCOS, insulin resistance, and abnormal BMI. Group II consisted of patients with PCOS, without insulin resistance, and with normal BMI. Group III consisted of healthy women (controls) with abnormal BMI. Group IV consisted of healthy women with normal BMI. RESULTS: We found that: (1) the mean fasting insulin levels of groups II, III, and IV were significantly lower than those of group I (P < .001); (2) serum testosterone levels were significantly lower in groups III and IV than in group I and II; (3) there were no significant differences in serum estradiol and estrone levels between women of all groups; (4) women of groups III and IV had significantly lower ratios of testosterone to estradiol at time 0 compared to patients of groups I and II. CONCLUSION: Our results support the view that since hyperinsulinemia induces hyperandrogenism, the increase of androgens should not be attributed to the decrease of androgen catabolism.     

多囊卵巢综合征患者脂代谢的研究

目的探讨多囊卵巢综合征（ＰＣＯＳ）患者雄激素过多和胰岛素抵抗与脂代谢的关系。方法对黄体生成素（ＬＨ）／卵泡刺激素（ＦＳＨ）≥３的１５例Ⅰ型组患者、ＬＨ／ＦＳＨ＜３的１５例Ⅱ型组患者和２０例对照组妇女,行黄体生成素释放激素（ＬＲＨ,１００μｇ）兴奋垂体－卵巢轴功能试验,观察试验前后３组睾酮（Ｔ）、甘油三酯（ＴＧ）、高密度脂蛋白－胆固醇（ＨＤＬ－Ｃ）及其载脂蛋白（Ａ１）（ａｐｏＡ１）的变化。结果基础状态下,ＴＧ浓度高低顺序是对照组＜Ⅰ型组＜Ⅱ型组,ＨＤＬ－Ｃ的情况正好相反;ＬＲＨ试验后,两个患者组Ｔ和ＴＧ均呈上升曲线,ＨＤＬ－Ｃ呈下降曲线,尤其以Ⅱ型组的变化更加明显。结论Ⅱ型组患者的脂代谢异常比Ⅰ型组更加严重。雄激素过多和胰岛素抵抗是ＰＣＯＳ患者脂代谢异常的两个基本因素。     

Metformin administration was associated with a modification of LH,prolactin and insulin secretion dynamics in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome

Aim. To elucidate the dynamics of FSH, LH, prolactin (PRL), TSH and insulin secretion in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) treated with metformin (MET).

Patients and methods. In a prospective, controlled and randomised trial, 32 women with PCOS and 32 with normal cycle were recruited to receive MET (850 mg b.i.d.) or placebo (n: 16 for each subgroup) for an average of 40 days. Pituitary function and insulin secretion were assessed before and after intervention by GnRH-TRH tests and oral glucose tolerance test induced insulin response.

Results. Basal and area under the response curve (AURC) LH values were higher in PCOS than in normal controls before MET and declined following treatment in the former group (P < 0.05). Ovulatory PCOS responders had lower basal LH, AURC_LH and AURC_PRL values during MET than anovulatory cases (P < 0.05 for all) and AURCins was lower in ovulatory than anovulatory PCOS before and on MET (P < 0.02–P < 0.05), with a rise of QUICKY index in the former group during MET treatment (P < 0.05). FSH and TSH were similar.

Conclusions. MET administration lowered LH activity in all PCOS women and in ovulatory responders and also compromised PRL stimulated secretion in the latter cases. These findings were indicative of an effect of MET on pituitary activity.     

The value of anti-Mullerian hormone in the management of polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescents

Abstract

A prospective study was carried out in 110 adolescents (13–19 years), 90 patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) (study group) and 20 healthy adolescents (control group). The study group was divided into two: Group I – patients without insulin resistance (n?=?30) and Group II – patients with insulin resistance (n?=?60). Group I was treated with oral contraceptives (OCs), while Group II was divided into treatment subgroups of 20 patients each: Subgroup A received OCs; Subgroup B ? myo-inositol; subgroup C – OCs + myo-inositol. Data were analyzed at baseline, 3 and 6 months of treatment. Results showed average anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) levels were significantly higher in PCOS patients (11.8?±?5.3?ng/ml) than in controls (2.98?±?4.5?ng/ml). After treatment, in Group I and Group II Subgroup A: AMH, luteinizing hormone (LH), free testosterone (FT), total testosterone (T), Ov/v, antral follicle count (AFC), and Ferriman–Gallwey modified scale (mFG) significantly decreased, homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), body mass index (BMI) did not change significantly. In Group II Subgroup B only HOMA-IR and BMI significantly decreased; in Subgroup C all the parameters decreased significantly. The correlation between AMH and hormonal, morphological characteristics of ovaries were established. The results indicate that AMH could possibly be a valuable marker for the diagnosis of PCOS in adolescents, and for the assessment of treatment efficacy as well.     

多囊卵巢综合征合并胰岛素抵抗患者脂肪组织胰岛素受体底物2蛋白的表达及酪氨酸磷酸化的研究

目的检测多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者脂肪组织胰岛素受体底物(IRS)2蛋白表达及其酪氨酸磷酸化的程度,探讨发生PCOS合并胰岛素抵抗(IR)的机制。方法采用蛋白印迹(Westernblot)法,检测PCOS合并IR患者19例(PCOS合并IR组)、PCOS非IR患者17例(PCOS非IR组)及因单纯子宫肌瘤行子宫切除术的患者20例(对照组)的IRS2蛋白的表达;并采用免疫组化技术,检测IRS2在脂肪组织中的分布;采用免疫沉淀及增强化学发光法,检测IRS2的酪氨酸磷酸化程度。结果(1)PCOS合并IR组、PCOS非IR组及对照组IRS2蛋白表达分别为115±026、113±026及100±025,3组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>005)。(2)PCOS合并IR组、PCOS非IR组及对照组IRS2蛋白酪氨酸磷酸化程度分别为077±016、091±025及100±012,3组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<005);PCOS非IR组与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>005)。结论PCOS合并IR患者脂肪组织的IRS2蛋白酪氨酸磷酸化程度的降低,可能是发生IR的机制之一。     

Inflammatory-metabolic parameters in obese and nonobese normoandrogenemic polycystic ovary syndrome during metformin and oral contraceptive treatment

Our aim was to evaluate the optimal treatment strategy addressing cardiovascular risk in obese and nonobese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). We planned a prospect?ve randomized clinical study. Normoandrogenemic and oligoamenorrheic women with PCOS and impaired glucose tolerance (n?=?96) were enrolled in the study. Six months of treatment with metformin HCL or oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) were given to the patients. Group 1 were obese and receiving metformin. Group 2 were obese and receiving OCPs. Group 3 were nonobese and receiving metformin, and Group 4 were nonobese receiving OCPs. ADMA, homocysteine, high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and homeostasis model assessment estimate of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were investigated. ADMA, homocysteine, hs-CRP and HOMA-IR were similar in obese and nonobese groups before the treatment. After 6 months of treatment, a significant decrease was observed in ADMA, homocysteine and HOMA-IR levels in Groups 1 and 3. An increase in ADMA and hs-CRP levels was observed in Groups 2 and 4. In this study, metformin treatment leads to improvement in hormonal and metabolic parameters and decreases ADMA and homocysteine levels possibly independent of BMI. However, the use of oral contraceptives in obese and nonobese patients with PCOS with impaired glucose tolerance increases ADMA and hs-CRP levels and creates an increase in the metabolic risk.     

Plasma homocysteine and polycystic ovary syndrome: the missed link

OBJECTIVE: The objective was to investigate the relationship between insulin resistance and increased serum homocysteine in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). DESIGN: Prospective controlled trial. SETTING: Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura, Egypt. PATIENTS: Ninety PCOS women as a study group and 35 women with infertility due to other causes as a control group. OUTCOME MEASURES: Serum homocysteine levels in the presence and absence of insulin resistance in PCOS patients. RESULTS: Homocysteine levels were significantly higher in PCOS patients than in the controls. Considering 11 micromol/l as the cut-off level for a normal homocysteine level, 41.1% of PCOS patients (37 out of 90) and 2.9% of control group (1 out of 35) had high homocysteine levels. With regard to insulin resistance, 23% of PCOS patients without insulin resistance (9 out of 39) had a high homocysteine level, while 47% of PCOS patients with insulin resistance (24 out of 51) had this, thus demonstrating the effect of insulin resistance on the homocysteine level. CONCLUSION: There is a strong association between serum homocysteine and insulin resistance in women with PCOS that contributes to the long-term complications of PCOS.