肩关节镜治疗复发性肩关节前脱位

目的 对关节镜治疗复发性肩关节前脱位的疗效进行评价.方法 2001年1月至2006年3月关节镜治疗复发性肩关节前脱位患者52例,其中44例获得随访,随访时间12～54个月,平均26个月.对获得随访的44例患者的临床资料进行回顾性研究.采用美国加州洛杉矶大学肩关节评分系统(UCLA)、肩关节简明测试(SST)、Dawson评分对术后效果进行评价.采用Dawson评分对患者年龄、是否存在松弛、术前脱位频率、复位情况和病程长短等因素对术后疗效的影响进行评价.结果 获得随访的44位患者的脱位复发率为4.5%.术后UCLA、SST、Dawson评分与术前比较差异具有统计学意义,肩关节镜治疗术后优良率在91%以上.患者年龄、病程长短、术前脱位频率、是否伴有关节松弛、复位方法对治疗效果无明显影响.结论 关节镜治疗复发性肩关节前脱位手术效果较好,术后肩关节功能改善明显.     

肩关节镜下行Bankart术治疗复发性肩关节前脱位

目的 探讨肩关节镜下Bankart术治疗复发性肩关节前脱位的适应症、手术要点和疗效。方法 对我科2007年1月至2009年7月,15例复发性肩关节前脱位的临床资料进行回顾性分析。15例均为肩关节单方向不稳定,左侧4例,右侧11例,术前脱位次数为2-30次,平均为11.7次。所有患者均采用锚钉进行关节镜下Bankart术,术后采用Constant-Murley法进行评分。结果 术后随访10-24个月,平均12.5个月,所有患者均未出现切口感染及关节腔积血等并发症。终末随访时平均Constant-Murley评分较术前明显改善（术前79.3±4.0对术后95.0±2.2,p<0.01）。终末随访时所有病例均未发生再脱位,术后无残存恐惧试验阳性。结论 关节镜下Bankart术是治疗复发性肩关节前脱位的有效方法之一。     

The Magnuson-Stack operation for recurrent anterior dislocation of the shoulder

Summary A retrospective review was carried out on 44 patients with recurrent anterior dislocation of the shoulder who were treated by the Magnuson-Stack operation. The average follow up was 12 years. There were 2 recurrences. Twenty-five patients had no symptoms, 3 had pain, 6 complained of subjective instability, and 8 had more than 10° restriction of external rotation. No patients had signs of osteoarthritis in the joint. The satisfactory results and the ease of the operation are reasons for advocating this procedure.

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Résumé Revue rétrospective de 44 patients traités par la technique de Magnuson-Stack pour luxation récidivante antérieure de l'épaule. L'âge moyen des malades au moment de l'opération était de 28 ans (15–60), le recul moyen des observations est de 12 ans (6–17). Dans tous les cas on a constaté une limitation moyenne de la rotation externe, de 12° (5–50) avec l'épaule en adduction et de 14° (5–50) avec l'épaule en abduction de 90°. On n'a jamais retrouvé de signes radiologiques de détérioration articulaire au dernier examen. Les complications les plus importantes ont été deux luxations durant la période post-opératoire (4.5%), respectivement aux 5ème et 8ème mois. Chez les 42 autres malades le résultat peut être considéré comme satisfaisant: 25 sont asymptomatiques, 3 présentent une légère douleur, 6 une certaine sensation d'instabilité et 8 ont une limitation de la rotation externe supérieure à 10°.

     

关节镜下手术治疗肩关节习惯性前脱位

<正>2008年6月~2011年12月,我科在关节镜下手术治疗21例肩关节习惯性前脱位患者,效果满意,现报道如下。1材料与方法1.1病例资料本组21例,男14例,女7例,年龄16~63岁。左肩7例,右肩14例。损伤原因:投掷伤12肩,暴力摔伤6肩,高处坠落伤3肩。初次脱位后均行过手法复位,其中11例患肢首次脱位后未行固定,10例患肢行绷带悬吊固定1~3周,继而习惯性脱位发生,脱     

复发性肩关节前脱位关节镜手术治疗进展

复发性肩关节前脱位的手术治疗是运动损伤医学领域中的一个难题,其主要原因在于无法较好地恢复肩关节动力性及骨性约束.目前国内外大多采用关节镜手术治疗,术后总体效果满意,但具体术式的选择仍存在较大争议.临床中需根据关节盂及肱骨头骨性缺损的有无及大小,选择不同方案治疗.笔者建议:无关节盂骨性缺损或关节盂骨性缺损＜20％,选用B...     

Anterior capsulolabral reconstruction for traumatic recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation

The anterior capsulolabral reconstruction (ACLR) has been shown to yield satisfactory results predominantly in overhead athletes with atraumatic anterior shoulder instability. The purpose of this study was to assess the clinical results of patients who underwent ACLR for recurrent traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation. A retrospective review of 41 patients, mean age 29 (range: 16 to 55 years) who underwent ACLR for traumatic recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation was performed. All patients reported a traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation with subsequent recurrent instability. Seven patients had undergone previous shoulder stabilization surgery which had failed. The mean number of previous dislocations was 4.5 (range: 1 to 15). There were 31 males and 10 females, and the dominant arm was involved in 24 patients. In all cases, the capsulolabral complex was detached from the glenoid rim. The mean follow-up was 3.6 years (range: 15 to 80 months). All patients were evaluated by physical examination. The mean modified Rowe score was 93.6 (range: 65 to 100). There were 32 excellent, 5 good, 1 fair, and 2 poor results. Instability was eliminated in 38 patients (93%). Of 25 patients who engaged in recreational sports, all were able to return to their previous level of participation. One patient sustained a traumatic redislocation and underwent revision surgery. Two patients reported atraumatic recurrent subluxation with one requiring revision surgery due to persistent symptoms of instability. There was no loss of range of motion in comparison to preoperative values. Of the seven shoulders that had undergone previous surgery, all remain stable. These results indicate that a glenoid-sided capsulolabral reconstruction can restore shoulder stability in patients with recurrent traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation. Success rates comparable to those of other open anterior shoulder repair procedures can be achieved.     

复发性肩关节前方不稳定的诊断与治疗

复发性肩关节前方不稳定是我们在临床工作中经常能碰到的一类问题。目前,该病的发病机制、诊断方法以及治疗手段均有了极大的进展。基础研究方面,从明确盂肱韧带在肩关节不稳定发病中的重要意义发展到目前认为肩关节的稳定是由肩关节周围的主动、被动稳定结构的综合作用的结果。诊断方面,在传统的病史、查体及X线片等方法的基础上进一步引入了MRI、麻醉下查体以及关节镜检查等新的方法。关于该病的治疗,一方面切开手术治疗尤其是Bankart修补术已日益成熟并成为治疗的金标准;另一方面,关节镜下修补术由于其突出的优势在近来获得了迅速的发展,并逐步取得了与切开手术近似的效果。     

复发性肩关节前脱位的关节镜治疗

目的 探讨肩关节镜下Bankart重建手术治疗复发性肩关节前脱位的疗效、适应证和手术要点.方法 随访40例应用肩关节镜下Bankart重建进行治疗的复发性肩关节前脱位患者,随访时间为24～58个月,平均35.9个月;年龄15～54岁,平均27.8岁.40例均为单方向性不稳定.术前平均脱位次数为14.1次(2～90次),其中28例发生于主力侧.术中采用金属缝合锚(Mini-Revo)进行Bankart重建.随访内容包括ASKS评分、Constant-Murley评分、VAS不稳定评分及ROWE评分进行功能评估.结果 40例患者术前和终末随访时肩关节前屈上举平均为[(157.5±20.6)°,x ±s.下同]和(170.0±6.7)°,体侧外旋平均为(58.5±18.9)°和(55.9±15.0)°,ASES评分平均为(82.7±16.7)和(97.2±6.9),VAS不稳定评分平均为(6.2±1.6)和(1.3±1.4),Constant-Murley评分平均为(80.5 ±11.1)和(98.1±3.1),Rowe评分平均为(30.4±8.7)和(92.8±15.2).除体侧外旋术前和术后差异无统计学意义外,其余各项结果差异均有统计学意义.终末随访时有1例患者曾出现肩关节半脱位.随访时发现残存恐惧试验阳性3例(占7.5%).所有患者均恢复术前工作,29例(占70.7%)恢复到第一次脱位前的运动水平.结论 肩关节镜下Bankart重建手术是治疗复发性肩关节前脱位的有效方法之一.适当的病例选择、术者的关节镜下操作技术水平及术后长期而严格的功能康复锻炼是手术成功的关键.     

复发性肩关节前脱位的关节镜治疗

目的探讨肩关节镜下Bankart重建手术治疗复发性肩关节前脱位的适应证、手术要点和疗效。方法随访28例应用肩关节镜下Bankart重建进行治疗的复发性肩关节前脱位患者,随访10～36个月,平均16.6个月;年龄15～50岁,平均27岁。28例均为单方向性不稳定,术前平均脱位次数为15.5次(2～60次),其中22例发生于主力侧。手术中采用金属缝合锚(Mini-Revo)进行Bankart重建。随访时采用ASES评分和Constant-Murley评分进行功能评估。结果28例患者手术前及终末随访时平均ASES评分为80.5±4.1对95.1±2.1(P<0.001),其中VAS不稳定评分平均为6.8±1.2对1.1±0.7(P<0.001),肩关节平均前屈上举为161.8°±9.0°对171.4°±5.9°(P<0.001),平均外展90°外旋为59.6°±14.3°对87.1°±7.2°(P<0.001);术前及终末随访时平均Constant-Murley评分为79.3±4.0对95.0±2.2(P<0.001)。终末随访时所有病例均未发生术后再脱位,术后残存恐惧试验阳性4例(14.3%),术后外展90°外旋较健侧平均受限7.9°±5.7°(0°～20°)。所有患者均恢复术前工作,20例(71.4%)恢复到第一次脱位前的运动水平。所有患者均表示如果健侧肩关节出现相同脱位情况时仍愿意接受相同的手术治疗。结论肩关节镜下Bankart重建手术是治疗复发性肩关节前脱位的有效方法之一     

Open 'Bankart' repair for recurrent anterior dislocation of the shoulder.

"... the frequently recurring dislocation from trivial causes is a great and serious disability" (AS Blundell Bankart, 1923).     

Results of the Putti-Platt operation for recurrent anterior dislocation of the shoulder

The results of the follow-up studies of 152 Putti-Platt operations are presented. The procedure, if preceded by correct indication and performed with exact technique, proved successful for the prevention of recurrent anterior dislocation of the shoulder. Eighty-nine % of the operated patients returned to their former jobs even if it was hard physical work. Recurrence of the dislocation was noted only in less than 2% of all cases.     

Results of the Putti-Platt operation for recurrent anterior dislocation of the shoulder

Summary Between 1973 and 1981, 101 patients had a Putti-Platt repair for recurrent dislocation of the shoulder; 89 of them were followed up and 43 underwent a clinical examination, 23 being assessed with the Cybex dynamometer. The 46 who did not attend were interviewed by telephone. The mean follow up time was 8±2 years (range 5–14 years). Redislocation occurred in 18 patients (20%), but this was twice as high in patients who were aged under 26 years at the time of operation compared with those who were older (29% versus 13%). The time of recurrence was between 1 and 11 years after operation. A decrease in strength and power of abduction, internal and external rotation, was found in the affected shoulder. Restriction of all measured movements, particularly external rotation, was also found in all patients. Nevertheless most had a high functional score and relatively few symptoms. We conclude that the Putti-Platt procedure has a high recurrence rate in younger patients, and we hesitate to recommend it for young active individuals.

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Résumé De 1973 à 1981, 101 malades ont été opérés selon la technique de Putti-Platt pour luxation récidivante de l'épaule; 89 d'entre eux ont été suivis et 43 ont été examinés cliniquement, 23 étant testé à l'aide d'un dynamomètre Cybex. Les 46 qui ne pouvaient se présenter ont été interrogés par téléphone. Le recul moyen était de 8±2 ans (de 5 à 14 ans). Une nouvelle luxation était survenue chez 18 opérés (20%), mais la fréquence était deux fois plus élevée chez les sujets âgés de moins de 26 ans au moment de l'opération, comparativement aux autres (29% contre 13%). Le délai de récidive variait de 1 à 11 ans après l'intervention. On pouvait noter, du côté opéré, une diminution de la force de l'abduction et des rotations, interne et externe. Chez tous les malades il existait une limitation de tous les mouvements, et notamment de la rotation externe. Néanmoins la plupart d'entre eux avaient une cotation fonctionnelle élevée, et relativement peu de symptômes. Nous en concluons que l'opération de Putti-Platt comporte un risque important de récidive chez les sujets les plus jeunes et nous hésitons à la recommander chez les individus jeunes et actifs.

     

复发性肩关节前脱位的临床病理表现

目的通过肩关节镜全面了解复发性肩关节前脱位的临床病理表现。方法52例复发性肩关节前脱位患者行关节镜检查,男38例,女14例;年龄16～49岁,平均24.7岁;脱位次数3～15次,平均7.4次。除2例癫痫外,其余50例患者在全麻下行平移试验及Sulcus试验,依照Hawkins分类系统记录试验结果,如果向前、后、下移位超过2°,则为肩关节松弛。50例患者中,32例肩关节松弛,归为关节松弛组,男22例,女10例;18例无肩关节松弛,为单纯创伤性复发性前脱位,归为单纯创伤组,男14例,女4例。记录镜下病理改变并对比两组镜下病理改变的差异。结果51例患者有前下盂唇损伤,50例有Hill-Sachs损伤,32例有肱二头肌腱炎症或损伤,30例有前下盂骨、软骨的损伤,29例有SLAP损伤,7例有肩袖损伤。前下盂唇损伤时,单纯创伤组磨损消失较多(P=0.055),关节松弛组ALPSA损伤较多(59.4%对38.9%,P=0.164)。单纯创伤组前下盂软骨及骨损伤较多(P=0.083,P=0.052)。Hill-Sachs损伤,在关节松弛组以浅或软骨性损伤为主,在单纯创伤组以较宽深或骨性损伤为主。结论复发性肩关节前脱位最常见的病理改变依次为:前下盂唇损伤,Hill-Sachs损伤,肱二头肌腱炎症或损伤,前下盂的骨、软骨损伤,SLAP损伤,肩袖损伤。肩关节松弛伴肩关节复发性前脱位患者镜下病理改变相对较轻。     

Modified Boytchev procedure for treatment of recurrent anterior dislocation of shoulder

Background:

More than 200 different operations have been described for the treatment of recurrent anterior dislocation of shoulder. The Modified Boytchev procedure employs rerouting of the detached tip of coracoid process with its attached conjoined tendon (short head of biceps and coracobrachialis) deep to subscapularis and reattaches to its anatomical location. We conducted a study on evaluation of long-term effect of modified Boytchev procedure and to compare our results with other studies published in literature.

Materials and Methods:

Since June 2002, modified Boytchev procedure was performed on 48 patients, who presented with recurrent anterior dislocation. 45 were men and 3 were women and were in the age group of 18-40 years (mean 27.83±4.95 years). Forty patients were affected on the dominant side and rest on the non-dominant side. The mean number of dislocations in these patients was 18.22±12.08. The mean followup period was 58.13±19.06 months (range 18-96 months). The patients were evaluated by visual analogue score, modified American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeon''s Score (ASES), and Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE) score at the last followup.

Results:

All the patients regained almost preoperative range of forward flexion at the last followup. In the preoperative period the mean external rotation deficit at 0° and at 90° of abduction was 13.22°±5.16° and 18.06°±6.50°, respectively. At the last followup, the mean external rotation deficit at 0° and at 90° of abduction was 8.06°±2.47° and 8.95°±2.07°, respectively. This improvement in external rotation deficit was statistically significant (P<.05). Preoperative scores were compared with the most recent followup scores for all variables with use of a paired t test. All patients had significant improvement in visual analogue score, modified American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeon''s Score (ASES), and Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE) score at the last followup. Four of the patients developed superficial infection which got resolved after treating with antibiotics, and two of the patients developed transient musculocutaneous nerve paresis. There was no radiological evidence of loosening and migration of coracoid screw or any glenohumeral arthritis on subsequent followup of skiagrams in any of our patients.

Conclusion:

Modified Boytchev procedure is an efficacious and technically simple procedure to treat recurrent anterior dislocation of shoulder.