经肝动脉化疗栓塞治疗原发性肝癌56例

2005年2月-2006年2月,我院采用经导管肝动脉化疗栓塞术（TACE）治疗原发性肝癌56例,取得满意疗效。现报告如下。     

肝动脉化疗栓塞结合外放射治疗大肝癌的预后因素分析

目的 观察肝动脉化疗栓塞（transcatheter arterial chemoembolization,TACE)结合外放射治疗大肝癌的远期效果并分析预后因素。方法 以TACE结合外放射治疗107例大肝癌患者（肝肿瘤最大径5-18cm)。观察近期效果与生存率，并用Cox比例风险模型分析预后因素。结果 48.6%的病例获得肿瘤缓解，1、3、5年累积生存率分别为59.4%、28.4%、15.8%。肿瘤数目、放疗剂量为独立的预后因素。单发肿瘤者的累积生存率（1、3、5年分别为75.8%、43.9%、26.8%）明显高于肝内肿瘤多发者（1、3年分别为31.3%、5.0%,P=0.0005)。放疗剂量40Gy以上者的生存率（1、3、5年分别为95.8%、74.7%、37.4%）明显高于剂量20-40Gy者（分别为60.9%、20.7%、10.3%）与剂量低于20Gy者（分别为26.7%、7.1%、7.1%，P=0.0001)。结论 TACE结合外放射为治疗不能切除大肝癌的有效方法。肿瘤数目为影响预后的最重要的临床因素。在肝脏可耐受的范围内给予最高剂量的放疗是提高疗效的关键。     

肝动脉化疗栓塞对肝癌术后高危复发患者的疗效分析

目的 探讨原发性肝癌切除术后肝动脉化疗栓塞(TACE)的疗效.方法 将86例肝癌术后的高危复发患者分为干预组(TACE治疗组)和对照组(未行TACE治疗组).术后高危复发的标准为:①单发病灶>5 cm;②病灶数≥2处;③术后病理检查有镜下癌栓.符合其中任意一条为术后高危复发患者.干预组术后1～2月行TACE治疗.结果 ...     

肝动脉栓塞化疗联合肝叶切除术治疗原发性肝癌患者临床疗效观察

目的 观察肝动脉栓塞化疗（TACE）联合肿瘤切除手术治疗原发性肝癌（PLC）患者的临床疗效。方法 2015年10月~2016年10月我院诊治的PLC患者95例,其中47例接受TACE治疗,48例在TACE治疗后1月行手术切除肿瘤治疗,观察并对比两组患者病灶根除和生存率情况。结果 联合组术后病灶清除率、术后1 a生存率、2 a生存率分别为100.0%、83.3%和68.8%,均显著高于TACE组的53.2%、61.7%和46.8%（P<0.05）,术后复发率为16.7%,明显低于对照组的51.1%（P<0.05）;治疗后联合组肝功能指标改善情况显著优于TACE组（P<0.05）;TACE组患者术后出现肺栓塞5例,肿瘤破裂出血2例,肺部感染3例,而联合组出现肺栓塞2例,肝断面胆瘘1例,肿瘤破裂出血1例,肺部感染1例（P<0.05）。结论 在TACE术后再行手术切除肿瘤治疗PLC患者具有一定的临床应用价值。     

肝动脉化疗栓塞术治疗原发性肝癌疗效及影响因素

目的探讨肝动脉化疗栓塞术（TACE）治疗原发性肝癌的预后相关因素。方法回顾性分析150例TACE治疗原发性肝癌的临床资料,随访生存期,对可能的影响因素进行多因素分析。结果 1年、2年和3年生存率分别为56%、32.7%、22.7%,中位生存期为13个月;单因素分析显示预后相关因素包括BCLC分期、Child-Pugh分级、门静脉癌栓、肿瘤病灶类型、肿瘤累计直径、碘油沉积类型;多因素分析与预后相关的有统计学意义的因素有BCLC分期、Child-Pugh分级、碘油沉积类型。结论 TACE术前相关因素的评估对预测疗效有重要意义。     

肝动脉栓塞化疗联合经皮射频消融治疗老年人肝癌

我院2000年2月～2003年2月开展肝动脉栓塞化疗（TACE）联合经皮射频消融（PRFA）治疗不能手术治疗的老年人肝癌的临床研究,以探讨2种方法联合治疗的价值.     

原发性肝癌切除术前后的肝动脉化疗栓塞

我国原发性肝癌的治疗已取得显著的进展,肝癌切除术是根治性治疗的最有效手段,也是肝癌患者获得长期生存的最主要途径。然而切除率低和复发率高仍是制约肝癌手术治疗的关键。近年来,以外科治疗为中心与各种非手术治疗方法优化组合的综合治疗日益发展,成为进一步提高肝癌疗效的新途径。肝动脉化疗栓塞（ＴＡＣＥ）在肝癌的综合治疗中具有举足轻重的作用。 人体肝脏接受肝动脉和门静脉双重血供,原发性肝癌的血供９０％以上来自肝动脉。肝动脉阻断后,肝癌血流减少９０％～９２％,肿瘤发生严重缺血坏死而缩小,但正常肝组织血流量仅减少…     

120例原发性肝癌肝动脉化疗栓塞术疗效观察

我院自1990年12月～2 0 0 3年5月对12 0例原发性肝癌患者行肝动脉化疗栓塞术(TACE)介入治疗,现报道如下。资料与方法一、临床资料选择12 0例经B超、CT或肝细胞活检确诊的原发性肝癌患者,男94例,女2 6例,年龄17～78岁,平均49.3岁。肝功能按Child Pugh分级,A级78例,B级2 4例,C级18例。HBsAg阳性97例,甲胎蛋白(AFP) >2 0 0 0 μg/L 14例,>40 0 μg/L 66例,持续低水平阳性2 1例,阴性19例。肿瘤为块状型65例,结节型3 7例,弥漫型18例,肿瘤为2 .5cm×3 .0cm～12 .5cm×16.8cm。合并门脉癌栓13例,均无远处器官转移。按1997年全国肝癌会议拟…     

经动脉化疗栓塞治疗转移性肝肿瘤的预后分析

肝脏是恶性肿瘤最易发生转移的器官 ,尤其是对原发于消化道的肿瘤。我们用经肝动脉化疗栓塞治疗肝转移肿瘤 ,取得较好疗效 ,现就影响预后的因素作一分析。一、资料和方法1 一般资料 :转移性肝肿瘤患者 70例 ,其中 6例失去随访。6 4例中男性 44例 ,女性 2 0例。年龄 2 8～ 80岁 ,平均5 5 7岁。原发肿瘤手术切除者 35例 ,未行手术切除者 2 9例。有肝外转移者 37例。 46例经手术及病理证实 ,其余经Ｂ超、ＣＴ、核磁共振、内窥镜或实验室检查确诊。 46例中腺癌39例 ,鳞癌 2例 ,透明细胞癌 1例 ,平滑肌肉瘤 3例 ,恶性黑色素瘤 1例。2 治疗方法 …     

肝动脉化疗栓塞术对肝癌患者肝功能影响评价

肝动脉化疗栓塞术 (ＴＡＥ)广泛用于不能手术的肝癌患者 ,其疗效取决于对肝癌组织的杀灭和对正常肝组织的保护两方面。本文对 71例ＴＡＥ术前后肝功能的变化及影响因素进行分析 ,探讨ＴＡＥ对肝脏损害的程度及其临床意义。材料与方法一、临床资料选择肝癌患者 71例 ,男 47例 ,女 2 4例。年龄为 2 3～ 74岁 ,肝癌病例经临床和 /或病理检查确诊 ,肝硬化病例均符合1995年北京会议制定的肝硬化诊断标准。二、治疗方法经股动脉穿刺 ,超选择导管进入肝固有动脉或肝叶、肝段动脉内 ,灌注阿霉素 40～ 5 0ｍｇ ,丝裂霉素 12～ 16ｍｇ ,有时加 5 -氟尿…     

Changes in hepatitis B virus DNA levels and liver function after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization of hepatocellular carcinoma

Aim: Reports concerning changes in hepatitis B virus (HBV) status and liver function in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) during or after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) have been rare and the results inconsistent. The objective of this retrospective study was to evaluate these parameters in a large cohort of HBV‐related HCC patients. Methods: One hundred and seventy‐two hepatitis B surface antigen positive HCC patients with Child–Pugh grade A or B liver disease who underwent 228 sessions of TACE were enrolled, and related clinical and laboratory data were analyzed. Results: In total, HBV reactivated in 33 (14.5%), remained stable in 152 (66.7%) and decreased in 43 (18.8%) sessions. Univariate analysis revealed that sex and HBV DNA levels correlated with changes in HBV DNA status after TACE, while hepatitis B e‐antigen (HBeAg), prothrombin time and chemotherapeutic agents were marginally significant factors. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that the major factors that influenced the HBV DNA status were baseline HBV DNA levels(P = 0.0002) and HBeAg (P = 0.0387). A comparison of the post‐TACE (30–90 days) liver function to the baseline revealed no significant differences. The reactivation group has the highest rate of exacerbation (12.1%) compared with the stable group (5.9%) and downregulation group (4.7%). Conclusion: HBV DNA changes after TACE included reactivated, decreased and stable HBV DNA levels. Although HBV reactivation did not necessarily result in exacerbation of liver damage and most HCC patients with Child–Pugh grade A and B tolerated TACE well, careful post‐procedure monitoring and managing is needed.     

Coadministration of telaprevir and transcatheter arterial chemoembolization in hepatitis C virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma

The use of direct-acting antiviral agents (e.g., telaprevir, boceprevir) has improved response rates in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1 infections. Substantial number of drug-drug interactions are anticipated with the use of telaprevir, a cytochrome P450 3A and P-glycoprotein substrate and inhibitor. Herein we describe a patient with HCV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma treated simultaneously with a telaprevir-containing regimen and localized chemotherapy (transcatheter arterial chemoembolization) with doxorubicin. No clinically relevant interactions or adverse events developed while on antiviral therapy.     

乙型与丙型肝炎病毒感染对小肝癌患者预后的影响

目的 探讨HBV、HCV感染对小肝癌的外科治疗策略及其预后的影响.方法 回顾性分析1997年1月-2003年12月天津医科大学附属肿瘤医院413例手术根治切除治疗的小肝痛(≤3 cm)患者的临床资料,将其分为4组:HCV感染组75例、HBV感染组251例、HCV、HBV混合感染组33例和尢HCV、HBV感染组54例,对可能影响预后的因素采用Kaplan-Meier生存分析、log-rank时序检验.结果 413例患者术后1、3、5年尢瘤生存率分别为83%、66%和58%,术后共有168(40.8%)例患者出现肝内复发,5年复发率HCV感染组最高(64.2%),其次为HBV/HCV感染组(48.4%),HBV感染组(37.8%)及无感染组(32.3%).肝内复发肿瘤为多发者在HCV感染组发生率最高(占肝内复发肿瘤的66.0%),其次为HBV/HCV感染组(28.6%),HBV感染组(23.3%)及无感染组(17.6%).413例小肝癌患者术后1、3、5年总生存率分别为89%、70%和61%,HCV感染组预后最差.和其他组相比,HCV感染组肝硬化程度严重,肿瘤细胞分化低,更易发生血管侵犯.在随访过程中,HCV感染组肝内复发率高,且复发类型常为多结节型.结论 HCV感染相关肝癌的临床肝硬化症状更重,而且术后复发率较高,预后更差.     

血清HBV DNA与肝动脉化疗栓塞术后肝癌复发的相关性研究

目的观察肝癌患者血清HBV DNA载量与肝动脉化疗栓塞术(TACE)后肿瘤复发的关系。方法检测193例乙型肝炎病毒标记物阳性的肝癌患者在TACE治疗前血清HBV DNA载量,分析患者血清HBV DNA载量与栓塞术后肿瘤复发的关系。结果在193例患者中,介入治疗术后2年内共有169例(87.6%)患者肿瘤复发;血清HBV DNA阳性(≥5×102copies/ml)138例,平均血清病毒载量为6.20±1.12lg copies/ml;单因素及多因素分析显示,肝功能Child-Pugh B级或C级、多发肿瘤、肿瘤最长径大于3cm、血清HBV DNA≥5×102copies/ml患者肿瘤复发的相对危险性较高,无肿瘤复发生存期较短。结论肝癌患者血清HBV DNA≥5×102copies/ml是TACE治疗后肿瘤复发的危险因素之一。     

Biliary phenotype of hepatocellular carcinoma after preoperative transcatheter arterial chemoembolization

Background and Aim: Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) is now the mainstay of treatment for non‐curative hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and hoped to have chemotherapeutic and ischemic effects; however, the histopathological changes of HCC caused by TACE have not been sufficiently discussed so far. We aimed to assess the morphological and immunohistochemical features of HCC treated with TACE by immunostaining cytokeratin (CK) 7, CK14, CK19 and vimentin, and to correlate these data with observed clinicopathological characteristics. Methods: Eighty cases of surgically resected HCC with preoperative TACE and 146 cases of HCC resected without TACE as a control were analyzed. Results: The incidences of intrahepatic metastasis, poorly differentiated histology, multinucleated giant cells, mitotic figures and cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in the TACE group were significantly higher than those in the non‐TACE group. The TACE group showed reactivity for CK7 in 56.3% (45/80) of patients, CK14 in 12.5% (10/80), CK19 in 23.8% (19/80) and vimentin in 6.3% (5/80) of patients. CK19 expression in the TACE group was significantly higher than in the non‐TACE group (P = 0.0423). There was no correlation between immunoreactivity and the number of times TACE was carried out, but the expression of CK19 and vimentin in the massive necrotic group was higher than that in the mild necrotic group (P = 0.0197, P = 0.0229, respectively). Only TACE was an independent determinant of CK19 expression in all cases by multivariate analysis. Conclusions: These results suggest that preoperative TACE may have an impact on the biliary phenotype of HCC. Some post‐therapeutic HCC patients might develop HCC with a biliary phenotype indicating more aggressive malignancies.     

CT引导经导管动脉化疗栓塞治疗肝细胞癌

目的探讨CT引导经导管动脉化疗栓塞（transcatheter arerial chemoembolization,TACE）治疗肝细胞癌（hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC）的初步疗效,分析局部复发的危险因素。方法对32例患者的34个HCC病灶进行了CT引导TACE治疗。结果32例中26例实现局部控制,6例出现局部复发。采用Logistic回归分析发现,TACE治疗后中央型HCC病灶是局部复发的危险因素（P=0．0408）。结论CT引导TACE是治疗小HCC的好方法,其局部控制率高、复发率低。中央型HCC是TACE术后局部复发的危险因素。     

Balloon-occluded transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma

Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE) is widely accepted as a treatment for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) in the intermediate stage according to the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer(BCLC) guidelines. Recently, balloon-occluded TACE(B-TACE) was developed in Japan. Despite the lack of a clear definition, B-TACE is generally defined as the infusion of emulsion of chemotherapeutic agents with lipiodol followed by gelatin particles under the occlusion of feeding arteries by a microballoon catheter, which leads to the dense lipiodol emulsion(LE) accumulation in HCC nodules. This phenomenon cannot be explained only by the prevention of proximal migration and leakage of embolization materials; it further involves causing local changes in the hemodynamics of the surrounding occlusion artery and targeted HCC nodules. Balloon-occluded arterial stump pressure plays an important role in the dense LE accumulation in targeted HCC nodules. Although randomized controlled trials comparing the therapeutic effect and the prognosis of B-TACE to those of the other TACE procedures, such as conventional-TACE and drug-eluting beads TACE, are still lacking, B-TACE is thought to be a promising treatment. The purpose of this review is to summarize the mechanism, therapeutic effect, indication, prognosis and complications of BTACE.     

Cerebral and pulmonary embolisms after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma

A cerebral lipiodol embolism is an extremely rare complication of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma. We present a case of cerebral lipiodol embolism that occurred after the third arterial chemoembolization, report the clinical and radiological findings, and review the medical literature.     

HBV/HCV相关性肝细胞癌抗病毒治疗专家建议

乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)和丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)感染在肝细胞癌(HCC)的发生发展中起重要作用.我国近年发布的《慢性乙型肝炎防治指南(2010版)》和《原发性肝癌诊疗规范(2011版)》都强调了肝癌患者抗病毒治疗的重要性,但未作深入具体阐述.《丙型肝炎防治指南(2004版)》也注意到抗病毒治疗延缓HCC的发生.有鉴于此,中华医学会肝病学分会肝癌学组召开了三次专题讨论会,系统收集分析了现有HCC综合治疗中抗病毒治疗的临床研究文献,回顾了HCC治疗中抗病毒药物临床应用进展,依据现有病毒相关性HCC抗病毒治疗的循证医学临床资料,综合部分专家的意见,按照循证医学证据分级的GRADE系统(表1)进行细化和补充,针对这些患者抗病毒治疗的应用达成共识,提出如下具体建议,供国内同道参考,以期在临床实践过程中依据新的临床医学证据进行修改和更新,进一步完善《原发性肝癌诊疗规范》、《慢性乙型肝炎防治指南》和《丙型肝炎防治指南》的实施.