电介质与血压关系的研究—全国16个地区调查分析结果

目的 阐明钠，钾，钙，肌酐等电介质与血压的关系。方法 对全国南北方16个城市和地区的20－59岁男女居民3248人进行人体测量收集夜尿换算成8小时尿量计算尿钠，钾，钙，肌酐排出量，进行相关分析。结果 高血压患病率北方点为9．3％，南方点为5．5％，北方明显高于南方，女性高于男性。高血压组尿钠，钠／钾比高于正常组P＜0．01，逐步回归分析16个地区的尿钠，钠／钾比与血压未发现有相关性。但个体的尿钠，钠／钾比与SBP，DBP呈正相关，而与尿钾，尿钙呈负相关。结论 应指导人群改善生活方式，降低钠盐摄入量，保证每日摄入足够的钾和钙。     

儿童血压与体重、红细胞钠、钾及遗传关系的流行病学调查

笔者研究了3063名0～15岁儿童血压与身高、体重、红细胞钠、钾浓度及遗传家系史的关系。经统计学处理证明:儿童血压随年龄、身高、体重增长而升高;高血压者与血压正常者红细胞内钠、钾、血浆钠浓度随年龄增长而增高,两者有明显差异。     

大学生人群血电解质与血压的相关性

目的 观察大学生不同血压水平者血钠、血钾、血钙水平与血压的相关性.方法 采用随机和整群抽样结合的方法抽取郑州市三所大学的学生进行血压调查,按照《中国高血压防治指南(2018年修订版)》的标准,将大学生分为正常血压、正常高值及高血压3组.然后采用R语言分层抽样的方法抽取正常血压者83人,正常高值者101人,高血压患者10...     

原发性高血压患者血压变化与血清电解质的关系

目的 :研究原发性高血压 (EH)患者的血压变化与血清电解质浓度之间的关系。方法 :对 85例 EH患者和 30例正常人进行动态血压、偶测血压和血清电解质检查 ,比较血压各参数与血清 K 、Na 、Na / K 比值之间的相关性。结果 :EH患者 2 4h平均收缩压 (SBP)、舒张压 (DBP) ,日间平均 SBP、DBP,夜间平均 SBP、DBP与血清 K 浓度呈明显负相关 ;与 Na / K 比值呈明显正相关 (均 P <0 .0 1) ;偶测血压与血清 Na 、K 浓度和 Na /K 比值之间无相关性 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;2 4h、日间、夜间平均 SBP与血清 Na 浓度均呈正相关 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :在EH患者中 ,血清 K 、Na / K 比值是全日血压的决定因素之一。     

钾敏感性与血压的关系及其临床意义

正高血压是导致心血管疾病发生和死亡最重要的危险因素之一,预计到2025年,全球高血压患病率可达60%,即每5个人中就有约3个人患高血压~([1])。降低高血压患者的血压水平可减少40%~50%的脑卒中和15%~30%的心肌梗死危险;因此,控制高血压是防治心血管病的重中之重~([2])。但是目前为止高血压的病因和发病机制尚未完全阐明,先前研究表明高血压主要与遗传和环境(饮食和精神)两大因素有关。饮食中钾与血压呈负相关,钠与血压呈正相关,所以高     

饮茶与血压关系的流行病学调查

探讨自然人群中饮茶因素与血压的关系。１９９４年４月对江苏句容县茅山产茶区５３２名３０岁以上的男性农民进行了专题调查。饮茶者的平均血压值显著高于不饮茶者，且饮茶量与收缩压和舒张压的相关系数具有统计学显著性。逐步回归分析结果，在控制了年龄，体重指数以后，饮茶量分别进行了收缩压和舒张压的逐步回归方程。     

高血压与微量元素的相关分析

目的:探讨高血压病与人体中所含微量元素的关系。方法:选择100例高血压患者和100例健康查体者,测定其血清微量元素钾、钠、钙、镁、锌、铜等和每日摄入的微量元素.并作对比分析。结果:高血压组血钠、钙浓度明显高于对照组,其摄入的含量也多,而锌、镁、铜浓度则低于对照组,经统计学处理两组均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论:微量元素与高血压的发病密切相关,防治高血压的合理饮食应有与此相关的内容。     

高血压与电解质关系的研究新进展

原发性高血压是最常见的心血管疾病之一，是冠心病、脑卒中的主要危险因素。但是原发性高血压的病因和发病机制至今尚未完全阐明，随着研究的进展，发现电解质代谢异常在高血压发病中起一定作用。现对钠、钾、钙、镁等电解质与高血压的关系作一综述。     

盐负荷对高血压病患者血压及肾脏钠,钾排泄功能的影响

本研究对１５例住院高血压病患者行定量钠盐负荷（２９３ｍｍｏｌ／ｄ，３天），观察其对血压及肾脏钠钾排泄功能的影响。按盐负荷后平均动脉压升高≥０．６７ｋＰａ（５ｍｍＨｇ）者为盐敏型，＜０．６７ｋＰａ（５ｍｍＨｇ）者为耐盐型，前者７例，后者８例。盐敏型者在盐负荷后短期内即引起血压升高，对收缩压的影响尤为明显，且与尿钠排泄曲线呈同步变化。盐敏组２４小时尿钠量低于耐盐组，且尿钠峰值时间延迟出现，但尿钾排泄量却始终高于耐盐组，提示盐敏型高血压病人存在肾脏排钠及重吸收钾的功能障碍。盐敏组体重指数高于耐盐组（Ｐ＜０．０５），提示肥胖型高血压病人易为盐敏型。     

氯沙坦钾降压效果的动态血压分析

目的 :观察新型血管紧张素 受体拮抗剂氯沙坦钾的降压疗效。方法 :42例原发性高血压 (EH)患者每天服用氯沙坦钾 50 mg,疗程 4～ 8周 ,均以 2 4 h动态血压作为监测及评价方法。结果 :2 4 h收缩压和舒张压均明显下降 (P <0 .0 1 ) ,收缩压谷峰比 =70 % ,舒张压谷峰比 =52 % ,对夜间血压不产生过度降压作用 ,且对血糖、血脂、血尿酸无不良影响 ,副反应发生率低。结论 :每日服用 50 mg氯沙坦钾对 EH有 2 4 h平稳降压作用     

The Relationship Between Blood Pressure and Pain

The relationship between pain and hypertension is potentially of great pathophysiological and clinical interest, but is poorly understood. The perception of acute pain initially plays an adaptive role, which results in the prevention of tissue damage. The consequence of ascending nociception is the recruitment of segmental spinal reflexes through the physiological neuronal connections. In proportion to the magnitude and duration of the stimulus, these spinal reflexes cause the activation of the sympathetic nervous system, which increases peripheral resistances, heart rate, and stroke volume. The response also involves the neuroendocrine system, and, in particular, the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal axis, in addition to further activation of the sympathetic system by adrenal glands. However, in proportion to an elevation in resting blood pressure, there is a contemporary and progressive reduction in sensitivity to acute pain, which could result in a tendency to restore arousal levels in the presence of painful stimuli. The pathophysiological pattern is significantly different in the setting of chronic pain, in which the adaptive relationship between blood pressure and pain sensitivity is substantially reversed. The connection between acute or chronic pain and cardiovascular changes is supported observationally, but some of this indirect evidence is confirmed by experimental models and human studies. The pain regulatory process and functional interaction between cardiovascular and pain regulatory systems are briefly reviewed. Various data obtained are described, together with their potential clinical implications.     

血压与冠状动脉造影病变的关系

目的研究血压与冠状动脉病变的关系。方法选择可疑冠心病患者540例,根据冠状动脉有无病变分为病变组和无病变组;根据冠状动脉病变的范围分为单支血管病变组、双支血管病变组和三支血管病变组。所有患者入院后测量血压,并对每一个患者进行高血压、吸烟和糖尿病病史的调查,测定血脂水平。采用Judkins法进行冠状动脉造影。结果病变组高血压病程(5.85±8.87年)、收缩压(133±29 mm Hg)、舒张压(83±13 mm Hg)、脉压(51±17 mm Hg)及平均压(100±14 mm Hg)均明显高于无病变组(分别为1.78±4.27年、125±21 mm Hg、80±13mm Hg4、8±15 mm Hg和97±15 mm Hg)(P<0.05)。三支血管病变组高血压病程、收缩压和脉压水平(分别为7.42±10.10年、137±21 mm Hg和54±17 mm Hg)均高于单支血管病变组(分别为4.51±7.21年、132±19 mm Hg和49±16 mm Hg)和双支血管病变组(分别为5.76±8.79年1、34±23 mm Hg和52±17 mm Hg)(P<0.05)。随着高血压病程增加、收缩压、脉压及平均压水平的增高,冠状动脉病变狭窄程度逐渐增大;经多因素回归分析高血压病程(OR值=0.139,P<0.05)、年龄(OR值=1.045,P<0.05)等因素是冠心病发生独立的危险因素。结论随着年龄增大和高血压病程增加,患冠心病的机会增加,并且收缩压和脉压的升高对冠状动脉的危害性较大。     

Relationship Between Serum Sodium and Blood Pressure in Morbid Obesity

We evaluated the relationship between blood pressure and serum sodium level in morbidly obese patients. Forty patients had at least 2-3 blood pressure measurements and two measurements of serum sodium. The correlation between serum sodium and systolic blood pressure was 0.66 (p < 0.01). The correlation between diastolic pressure and serum sodium was 0.40 (p < 0.025). Our observation linking serum sodium to blood pressure provides a lead to study mechanisms common to regulation of blood sodium and blood pressure in morbid obesity.     

血压参数与老年人认知功能障碍的关系

目的 探讨血压参数与老年人认知功能障碍之间的关系.方法 对开滦集团公司1063名离退休职工进行健康查体,同时进行简易精神状况检查表(MMSE)测试以评价认知功能,资料完整并符合入选标准的共计890例,认知功能障碍者作为病例组222名,非认知功能障碍者为对照组668名.测定血压并进行统计学分析.结果 病例组收缩压(SBP)、脉压(PP)、脉压指数(PPI)均高于对照组(P<0.05);病例组舒张压(DBP)低于对照组(P<0.05).线性趋势检验分析中随SBP、PP、PPI的增高,认知功能障碍的患病率增加(P<0.05);随DBP的增高,认知功能障碍的患病率下降(P<0.05).结论 SBP、PP、PPI增加,DBP下降与认知功能障碍有关.     

血压参数与老年人认知功能障碍的关系

目的探讨血压参数与老年人认知功能障碍之间的关系。方法对开滦集团公司1063名离退休职工进行健康查体,同时进行简易精神状况检查表(MMSE)测试以评价认知功能,资料完整并符合入选标准的共计890例,认知功能障碍者作为病例组222名,非认知功能障碍者为对照组668名。测定血压并进行统计学分析。结果病例组收缩压(SBP)、脉压(PP)、脉压指数(PPI)均高于对照组(P<0.05);病例组舒张压(DBP)低于对照组(P<0.05)。线性趋势检验分析中随SBP、PP、PPI的增高,认知功能障碍的患病率增加(P<0.05);随DBP的增高,认知功能障碍的患病率下降(P<0.05)。结论SBP、PP、PPI增加,DBP下降与认知功能障碍有关。     

Relationship Between Arterial Blood Pressure Disturbances and Alpha Adrenoceptor Density

To investigate the influence of blood pressure disturbances on human platelet alpha2-adrenoceptor density, we studied 7 normotensive Parkinsonians with orthostatic hypotension and 23 mild essential hypertensive patients. Plasma catecholamine levels were measured by HPLC and alpha2-adrenoceptor number and affinity determined by [3H]-yohimbine binding. Alpha-adrenergic reactivity was investigated by blood pressure response to noradrenaline infusion in Parkinsonians and by adrenaline-induced platelet aggregation in hypertensive patients. In Parkinsonians with orthostatic hypotension, in comparison with Parkinsonians without orthostatic hypotension and normotensive control subjects age and sex matched, noradrenaline plasma levels were significantly lower (62 ±11, 195 ±14 and 219 ±13 pg. ml^?1 respectively, p < 0.05), platelet alpha2—adrenoceptor     

Relationship Between Blood Pressure Variability and Serum Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate Levels

Decreased diurnal blood pressure variability and low dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) levels are important predictors of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between DHEAS levels and diurnal blood pressure variability in normotensive subjects and in patients with essential hypertension of both genders. An ambulatory blood pressure monitor (ABPM), Meditech O2 device and radioimmunoassay were used for ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and the determination of DHEAS levels, respectively. A close correlation (P < .001) was found between the diurnal indices and plasma DHEAS levels of the 387 subjects (86 normotensive and 301 hypertensive patients) participating in the study. Decreased plasma DHEAS levels were associated in both genders, and in both normotensive and hypertensive patients with significantly (P < .001) lower diurnal indices. There was a close correlation (P < .001) between the age-related decrease in plasma DHEAS levels and diurnal indices in both genders. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure variability changed parallel to plasma DHEAS levels in both genders, whether hypertension was present or not. Additional investigations are needed to find out whether reduced DHEAS levels play a role in decreased diurnal indices or whether both can be traced back to one and the same cause.     

血压昼夜变化与动脉硬化指数的关系

目的 探讨血压昼夜节律改变与动脉硬化的关系.方法 收集2004～2008年行24 h动态血压监测的住院患者的动态血压数据及相关资料,并进行统计分析.结果 在调整性别、年龄、降压治疗、24 h脉率及平均动脉压前后,242例患者中非杓型(n=103)、反杓型(n=42)和超杓型(n=12)与杓型患者(n=85)相比,动态动脉硬化指数和24 h脉压均显著升高,而年龄、血糖、尿酸、总胆固醇及甘油三酯等差异无显著性(P>0.05).结论 血压昼夜节律的改变与动脉硬化相关.