超选择前列腺动脉栓塞术治疗TURP术后复发的前列腺增生的临床疗效

目的超选择前列腺动脉栓塞术（PAE）治疗经尿道前列腺电切（TURP）复发后的前列腺增生的有效性和安全性分析。 方法收集2018年1月—2020年8月经TURP治疗前列腺增生复发后行超选择前列腺动脉栓塞术的患者资料10例。采用Seldinger技术穿刺成功后,将5F的Cobra导管选择至左侧髂内动脉造影,采用同轴微导管技术将1.98F微导管超选择至左侧前列腺动脉造影。采用300~500 μm的栓塞微球对前列腺动脉进行栓塞,同样方法处理右侧前列腺动脉。比较术前和术后3、6、12个月的国际前列腺症状评分（IPSS）、生活质量评分（QoL）、最大尿流率（Qmax）和前列腺体积（PV）。 结果10例患者均成功行双侧前列腺动脉栓塞术,技术成功率100%。术后3、6、12个月的IPSS、QoL、Qmax和PV与术前比较,差别均具有统计学意义（P < 0.001）。术后4例出现了会阴部灼烧感,2例患者出现会阴部疼痛,所有的并发症在发生后1周内消失,无严重的并发症发生。 结论对于TURP复发后的良性前列腺增生的患者,PAE能明显改善IPSS、QoL、Qmax和PV,疗效明确,并且安全性好。     

分心木联合动脉栓塞术治疗良性前列腺增生的临床观察

目的：评价分心木联合前列腺动脉栓塞术治疗良性前列腺增生（BPH）的可行性和有效性。 方法：选取2012年1月—2016年11月我科收治的确诊BPH患者10例,采用前列腺动脉栓塞术栓塞前列腺动脉,术后当日起,分心木2 g泡服,3次/d,连服7 d。比较术前和术后1个月、术后6个月的国际前列腺症状评分（IPSS）、生活质量评分（QOL）、最大尿流率（Qmax）和剩余尿（RU）的变化。 结果：10例患者共完成16支前列腺动脉的栓塞,单侧栓塞4例,双侧栓塞6例。相对于术前,术后6个月的IPSS显著改善[（28.30±3.27）vs.（4.40±1.17）,P<0.05],QOL显著改善[（5.10±1.52）vs.（1.00±0.47）,P<0.05],Qmax显著改善[（7.05±2.72）vs.（15.08±1.45）,P<0.05],RU显著减少[（120.00±70.18）vs.（17.50±7.55）,P<0.05]。 结论：分心木联合前列腺动脉栓塞治疗良性前列腺增生可行且有效。     

前列腺动脉栓塞术治疗良性前列腺增生临床效果及手术入路探讨

目的 评价前列腺动脉栓塞术（PAE）治疗良性前列腺增生症（BPH）效果,探讨经肱动脉入路行PAE术的可行性和安全性。方法 采用PAE术治疗11例BPH患者。术后随访36个月以上,观察比较手术前后国际前列腺症状评分（IPSS）、生活质量（QOL）评分、前列腺容积（PV）、最大尿流率（Qmax）、残余尿（RU）水平变化。观察其中3例肱动脉入路行PAE术患者手术成功率及相关并发症。结果 PAE术远期临床成功8/10例。术后36、48、60个月分别有10例、10例、7例获随访,各时点患者IPSS、QOL评分、PV、Qmax、RU与术前比较,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）,各时点两两比较,差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。3例肱动脉入路患者均完成双侧前列腺动脉栓塞,术后症状明显改善2例,缓解1例,未见手术相关并发症发生。结论 PAE治疗BPH远期效果确切。肱动脉入路有助于栓塞双侧前列腺动脉,值得临床探索和应用。     

前列腺栓塞术治疗良性前列腺增生症的近期临床应用进展

【摘要】良性前列腺增生症是男性最常见的良性肿瘤,但药物与手术治疗均有其局限性。本文综合分析了国内外前列腺栓塞术的近期文献报道,并提出我们的观点,为良性前列腺增生症的治疗提供可供选择的安全、有效的治疗途径。     

前列腺栓塞术治疗良性前列腺增生的临床应用进展

常规的药物与手术治疗对于良性前列腺增生均有其局限性。前列腺动脉栓塞术是近年来新兴的缓解前列腺增生引起的下尿路症状的新技术。作者综合分析国内外前列腺栓塞术的相关文献及专家观点,并提出想法,为良性前列腺增生的治疗提供其他可供选择的安全、有效治疗途径。     

前列腺增生的动脉栓塞治疗

良性前列腺增生(benign prostatic hyperplasia，BPH)是中老年男性的常见病、多发病，50岁以上发病率达50％～90％。BPH导致膀胱出口梗阻，排尿困难，最终引起膀胱和肾脏损害，成为影响中老年男性健康的重要疾病之一。目前临床主要采用药物和手术治疗。笔者拟对BPH动脉栓塞治疗的理论基础和临床应用价值加以综述，以抛砖引玉，希望引起介入放射学和泌尿外科学专家对此方法的讨论。     

前列腺动脉CTA在前列腺动脉栓塞术前应用体会

【摘要】 目的 探讨前列腺动脉（PA）CTA作为良性前列腺增生症（BPH）前列腺动脉栓塞术（PAE）术前检查对手术时间、临床疗效及术后并发症的影响。方法 选取2016年1月1日至2018年5月1日郑州大学第五附属医院采用PAE术治疗的64例BPH患者。根据术前是否接收CTA检查,分为A组（已行CTA）和B组（未行CTA）,均为32例。回顾性对比两组患者手术时间,术后6个月随访时前列腺体积、国际前列腺症状评分（IPSS）、生活质量（QOL）评分、最大尿流率（Qmax）、排尿后残余尿量等临床疗效相关功能指标及术后并发症发生情况,比较两组患者各项参数间差异。结果 A组手术时间显著短于B组（P＜0.001）。两组间术后6个月前列腺体积、Qmax、残余尿量、IPSS评分、QOL评分等指标改善差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。A组术后并发症发生率低于B组（P＜0.05）。结论 PAE治疗BPH安全有效,临床疗效良好;PAE术前CTA检查能更好地指导手术,缩短手术时间,减少术后并发症发生。     

3D旋转DSA在前列腺动脉栓塞术中的应用价值分析

目的 探讨3D旋转DSA在前列腺动脉栓塞术(PAE)中的应用价值.方法 选取2016年8月至2020年6月在我科行PAE治疗的良性前列腺增生(BPH)患者73例,所有患者行常规二维DSA(2D-DSA),以正位血管图像为重点,通过对C型臂旋转完成图像采集,将采集的图片发送到三维工作站,完成前列腺动脉血管重建.所有图片均...     

3D printed model to assist endovascular prostate artery embolization for benign prostatic hyperplasia

With the growth and ease of 3D printing accessibility, the medical community has begun to adopt it in various ways. Modeling of prostatic arteries for embolization is an application that has yet to be fully explored. We present a case where a patient specific 3D-printed model was used as a reference during prostate artery embolization for a 70-year-old male with obstructive benign prostatic hyperplasia refractory to medical treatment. The prostate arteries were segmented from preoperative contrast enhanced computed tomography using 3D Slicer software and printed on a FormLabs Form2 resin printer. The models were then used for operative planning for the embolization of both right and left prostate arteries. The procedure was a success without complications and the patient returned 1 month later with significantly improved symptoms. Additionally, interventionists found the model to be helpful in selecting approach for arterial embolization.     

MR angiography-planned prostatic artery embolization for benign prostatic hyperplasia: single-center retrospective study in 56 patients

PURPOSEWe aimed to evaluate the advantages of magnetic resonance angiography (MRA)-planned prostatic artery embolization (PAE) for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).METHODSIn this retrospective study, MRAs of 56 patients (mean age, 67.23±7.73 years; age range, 47–82 years) who underwent PAE between 2017 and 2018 were evaluated. For inclusion, full information about procedure time and radiation values must have been available. To identify prostatic artery (PA) origin, three-dimensional MRA reconstruction with maximum intensity projection was conducted in every patient. In total, 33 patients completed clinical and imaging follow-up and were included in clinical evaluation.RESULTSThere were 131 PAs with a second PA in 19 pelvic sides. PA origin was correctly identified via MRA in 108 of 131 PAs (82.44%). In patients in which MRA allowed a PA analysis, a significant reduction of the fluoroscopy time (−27.0%, p = 0.028) and of the dose area product (−38.0%, p = 0.003) was detected versus those with no PA analysis prior to PAE. Intervention time was reduced by 13.2%, (p = 0.25). Mean fluoroscopy time was 30.1 min, mean dose area product 27,749 μGy·m², and mean entrance dose 1553 mGy. Technical success was achieved in all 56 patients (100.0%); all patients were embolized on both pelvic sides. The evaluated data documented a significant reduction in international prostate symptom scores (p < 0.001; mean 9.67 points).CONCLUSIONMRA prior to PAE allowed the identification of PA in 82.44% of the cases. MRA-planned PAE is an effective treatment for patients with BPH.

A profound knowledge about pelvic vessel anatomy is essential for achieving successful prostatic artery embolization (PAE), to improve the safety of PAE and to avoid major complications as non-target embolization (1–6). This knowledge can be achieved by using angiographic techniques to show pelvic artery anatomy, although the best method is still controversially discussed. In some studies, computed tomography (CT) angiography (CTA) was used for pre-interventional evaluation as it is described to have high certainty in analyzing prostatic artery (PA) anatomy (1, 3, 7). Other institutes use digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and cone beam CT (CBCT) for analysis without any pre-procedural vessel imaging (8–11). Since peri-interventional DSA findings may be ambiguous and CTA or CBCT would imply additional radiation, magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) seems to be a promising method to analyze PA origin without radiation. However, Maclean et al. (3) recommend CT for planning PAE instead of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as the latter is more expensive and more time-consuming. Pisco et al. (5, 12) state that MRA does not have enough resolution for clear identification of PA origin and does not provide the same information as CTA.Currently only a few studies discuss the suitability of MRA for preprocedural planning of PAE. Kim et al. (13) first investigated this subject with a sample size of 17 patients and documented an accuracy of 76.5% for PA origin analysis. However, in this study no clinical evaluation was included. Zhang et al. (4) investigated MRA analysis prior to PAE in a randomized clinical trial with 100 patients. A sensitivity of 91.5% and a significant reduction of procedure time, fluoroscopy time, radiation dose, and contrast medium volume due to pre-interventional MRA were documented. In his review, Prince (14) agrees with Zhang et al. (4) that MRA may be a suitable method for planning PAE.Because of the skeptical comments whether performing MRA prior to PAE is practical on a daily basis in a radiological institution, an assessment of these parameters in a less selective nature was necessary. In addition, contrary to Zhang et al. (4) who used MIP-reconstructions and 5° interval images for their assessment, we used a three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of the pelvic arterial tree based on the MRA sequences. The main advantage of the 3D reconstruction is that it can be freely rotated in all directions which allowed an easy identification and tracking of the PA.In this study, the advantages and clinical outcome of pre-interventional analysis of PA via MRA as a possible radiation-free planning method and its influence on procedure time and radiation dose were investigated.     

MRI features after prostatic artery embolization for the treatment of medium- and large-volume benign hyperplasia

Purpose

To assess magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features after prostatic artery embolization (PAE) for the treatment of medium- and large-volume benign prostatic hyperplasia and to correlate prostate volume with clinical indexes.

Methods

We retrospectively evaluated 28 patients who underwent PAE. MRI examinations of the prostate were performed to evaluate signal intensity changes and the characteristics of infarcted areas. Prostate volume and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) were measured at an average of 10 days post-PAE and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months post-PAE. Some clinical indexes were evaluated before and 12 months after PAE. The paired t test, ANOVA, and multiple linear correlation analyses were performed by using the statistical software, SPSS.

Results

All patients experienced prostatic infarction. The prostate volume decreased continuously (p?<?0.05). The ADC values before and after 1, 3, 6, or 12 months of embolization (b?=?1000 and 2000 s/mm²) were statistically significantly different. The ADC values (b?=?3000 s/mm²) were also statistically significantly different before and at each interval time after embolization (p?<?0.05). Prostate volume changes correlated significantly with patient age and post-void residual urine volume (p?<?0.05).

Conclusions

MRI can be used for assessing changes in signal intensity and ADC values of infarction as well as the volume of the prostate after PAE. After PAE, ultrahigh b value diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) can show early infarction better than lower b value DWI.

     

动脉栓塞治疗前列腺增生临床疗效评价

目的评价动脉栓塞治疗前列腺增生（BPH）的临床疗效。方法对47例经前列腺供血动脉栓塞治疗的病例,随访7d～2年。比较手术前后国际症状评分（IPSS）、生活质量评分（QOL）、最大尿流率（Qmax）和剩余尿（RU）的变化。应用经直肠彩色多普勒超声检测前列腺内血流信号、最大血流速度改变 B超或CT观察前列腺体积变化。结果患者手术前IPSS、QOL、Qmax、RU平均值分别为24.2分、4.8分、9.6ml/s和184ml,术后分别为4.8分、1.3分、18.9ml/s和0～3ml。彩色多普勒超声显示前列腺内血流信号明显减弱,最大血流速度由术前（21.52&#177;8.83）cm/s降至术后（7.4&#177;3.27）cm/s,B超或CT检查显示前列腺体积从平均117cm^3缩小到68cm^3,缩小率为41.8%,显效率为89%。结论动脉栓塞治疗BPH疗效显著,可作为该病治疗的又一新方法。     

Permanent prostate brachytherapy is safe in men with severe baseline lower urinary tract symptoms

PurposeTo evaluate the long-term urinary outcomes of men with severe pretreatment lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) treated with permanent prostate brachytherapy (PPB) ± external beam radiation therapy for localized prostate cancer.Methods and materialsA total of 105 men with International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) 20–35 before PPB were categorized by IPSS change at last followup: (1) worse = IPSS rise >3; (2) no change = IPSS change within three points of baseline; (3) improved = IPSS fall by >3 points. We then evaluated patients who worsened vs. those who did not (no change or improved) with respect to incontinence outcomes, LUTS medication usage, and predictors of symptom worsening.ResultsMean followup was 80.3 ± 55.8 months. Mean age was 66.3 ± 7.1 years; mean pretreatment IPSS was 23.6 ± 3.0. Overall mean improvement in IPSS was 7.6 ± 9.3. Specifically, 14.3% (15/105) worsened, 21.9% (23/105) had no significant change, and 63.8% (67/105) improved. There were no patient- or treatment-related factors significantly associated with long-term worsening of urinary symptoms. No men required anticholinergic therapy at last followup, whereas 7% (8/105) were using an alpha blocker. Only 2.9% (3/105) of men were using at least one pad daily at last followup. Alternatively, only 7.7% (8/105) reported subjective incontinence.ConclusionsPPB is an acceptable option in the setting of severe baseline LUTS in appropriately selected and counseled patients when performed by a skilled practitioner.