《中华医院管理杂志》1998年引文概况分析

为了解《中华医院管理杂志》的文后引文分布的概况。我们利用统计学方法逐项逐篇对１９９８年的文后引文进行分析。１９９８年共刊出１２期,引文总数为３７６条,平均每期载文３０篇左右,每篇平均引文数为１－０５篇。期刊自引率为２１％,引用期刊所占比例为６７％,引用中文所占比例为８３％,引用英文所占比例为１３％。分析结论为《中华医院管理杂志》期刊自引率高,在本学科中影响程度较大。该刊论文具有连续性、系统性及累积性。《中华医院管理杂志》是由中华医学会主办,中华医院管理杂志编辑委员会编辑,中华医学会北京分会出版的…     

《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》论文作者分析

《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》论文作者分析姜欣明，朱亚萍，陈骥光我们选择《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》为统计对象，采用文献计量学的方法，对其在１９８８～１９９２年发表的全部论文作者的地区分布、单位分布、论著和引文及作者系数进行统计、分析。１．１０项相关指标：...     

2008~2013 年 CT 在心血管疾病诊断中应用的部分相关论文分析简

目的：通过文献计量学方法分析2008至2013年发表在《中华放射学杂志））和《中华心血管病杂志》的心血管CT影像学的论著性文章,从而了解近5年来心血管CT影像论文的发表情况及心血管CT影像未来的发展方向。方法：应用文献计量学方法分析评价发表在《中华放射学杂志》85篇及《中华心血管病杂志》20篇有关心血管CT影像论著性文章,评价每篇文章的摘要及全文的下述指标：文章类型,研究的类型、方法、统计学方法及有无基金资助,样本量大小,CT设备类型、心血管疾病的分类及低剂量研究的使用方法。结果：5年间共发表心血管CT影像论著105篇,（中放85篇,中心20篇）,临床类文章84篇（80％）,冠心病研究71篇（68％）,先天性心脏病12篇（11％）,心血管低剂量应用41篇（39％）,其中前瞻性心电触发轴扫17篇（41％）,病例数大于50例的有61篇（58％）,回顾性研究63篇（60％）,87篇文章（83％）有使用统计学方法,28篇（27％）文章是基金资助项目,论著中后64排CT50篇（48％）,64排CT45篇（43％）。结论：2008至2013年发表在《中华放射学杂志》和《中华心血管病杂志》的心血管CT影像学的论著性文章,可以为从事CT心血管影像的科研人员提供许多有用信息。     

我国临床核心期刊统计学应用及缺陷研究

采用典型整群抽样法,对5种核心中华系列医学期刊1985～1995年间,发表的1316篇临床论著中统计学应用情况调查表明:统计图、表应用率为21％和91％,应用缺陷论分别为9％、35％;统计描述指标应用缺陷率为21％;统计推断应用缺陷率为62％,最为常见的缺陷是“统计推断方法未明确交待”。常用的统计推断方法为两均数比较的t检验、列联表X~2检验、简单相关回归、方差分析、非参数检验,其应用累计构成占89％。临床试验论著中,同期随机或半随机研究设计占42％,随机化分组应用率60％,盲法应用率16％。     

《中华流行病学杂志》和American Journal of Epidemiology 的医学伦理问题比较

为比较近5年中国与西方国家流行病学杂志中相关伦理意识的发展现状,发现中国流行病学研究中存在的主要伦理学问题.查阅《中华流行病学杂志》和American Journal of Epidemiology(两刊)2006年1月至2010年12月刊登的文献,对其中以人为研究对象的原始论著的伦理意识进行比较.中美两刊分别纳入论著749和1221篇.结果显示:(1)中美两刊中说明“经受试者知情同意”的论文分别为29.24％和38.08％(x2=16.02,P＜0.001);声明“通过伦理委员会审批”分别为6.94％和63.23％(x2=604.40,P＜0.0001).(2)两刊伦理意识均呈逐年上升趋势.(3)试验性研究论文的伦理意识好于观察性研究.(4) American Journal of Epidemiology中涉及的伦理审 查、采集受试者生物标本和隐私信息等方面的伦理意识均好于《中华流行病学杂志》.与American Journal of Epidemiology相比,《中华流行病学杂志》无论总体上还是在不同作者机构、采集标本和收集隐私等方面,其伦理审查和知情同意意识均有较大差距.     

国内外医学期刊论文证据等级及统计方法的比较——以心律失常学杂志为例

以心律学科为例,比较Heart Rhythm和《中华心律失常学杂志》刊载的临床论著在证据分类和分级以及统计方法应用方面的差异。检索2012年全年Heart Rhythm和《中华心律失常学杂志》刊载的临床论著,发现中外期刊论文的研究类型有显著差异,表现为国内研究类型较为单一。证据等级国内论文略低于国外,特别是随机对照试验过少,但两者差异无统计学意义。统计方法的应用上,国内论文在非参数检验、回归分析及生存分析方面明显低于国外论文。     

高被引医学论文及其启示

为了提高期刊核心竞争力,给医学期刊编辑策划、选题组稿、组织重点专题提供参考依据,对44篇高被引医学论文和《中华儿科杂志》1997～2006年10年间所发表全部论文中的20篇被引次数最多的论文进行了统计分析,结果显示：诊断标准类论文所占比例最高,对期刊被引频次贡献巨大;论著类论文所占比例为第2位,全部为以患者为研究对象的临床研究,并且有数篇小样本、单中心临床研究论文,提示样本量并不是衡量科研论文质量的唯一标准;述评、讲座、综述类论文同样有很高的被引用率。认为编辑约稿、组织重点选题对提升期刊被引指标具有积极的作用,编辑在实践中充分发挥自身作用,发掘组发最有可读性、最能指导临床实践的优质论文,是医学期刊编辑的永恒目标。     

从中华医学论文奖看《中华妇产科杂志》精品期刊的发展历程

由中华医学会主办的中华医学论文奖（妇产科领域）优秀论文评审历时一年,经严格的三级评审,从近5万篇论文中,最终产生一等奖4篇,二等奖8篇,三等奖16篇,其中一、二等奖论文全部发表在《中华妇产科杂志》,三等奖16篇论文中,有8篇发表于《中华妇产科杂志》。全部获奖论文中发表于本刊的论文占71.4%。由此可见,《中华妇产科杂志》在国内妇产科领域中始终保持了精品期刊的地位。本刊在品牌建设和精品期刊打造过程中,进行了一些有益尝试。     

读者·作者·编者

欢迎订阅2008年《中国慢性病预防与控制》杂志《中国慢性病预防与控制》杂志主要报道心脑血管疾病、糖尿病、肿瘤、伤害、慢性肝炎等慢性病的防治方法、效果以及精神卫生、健康教育等内容。主要栏目有:政策研究、专家笔谈、论著、临床研究、调查研究、临床实践、社区实践、疾病监测、论文要萃、     

《中华临床营养杂志》稿约

《中华临床营养杂志》是由中华医学会和中国医学科学院主办、国内外公开发行的医学科技期刊（双月刊）,读者对象为临床医师、营养师、护师,基础及药物研究工作者。本刊辟有国内外论著、综述、述评、进展、临床经验交流、技术和方法、讲座、给编辑的信、论著摘要、病例报告、学术会议（座谈）纪要等栏目。     

Calcium intake in the elderly: validation of a dietary questionnaire

Epidemiological studies of calcium and osteoporosis have been hampered by the lack of a suitable tool for assessing calcium intake. This report describes a new frequency and amount questionnaire for measuring present and past calcium intake in the elderly. The validity of the questionnaire was tested against two commonly used standards of dietary assessment, five-day duplicate diets and seven-day weighed dietary inventories. The resulting correlation coefficients were, respectively, r = 0.76 and r = 0.69, while that for repeatability was r = 0.84. Furthermore, the questionnaire categorized subjects into thirds of the distribution of intake with almost no gross misclassification. It is suggested that the present findings may be extended to the majority of normal, healthy elderly subjects, implying wide application for the questionnaire in the assessment of calcium intake in the elderly.     

Self-reported health problems among Swedish miners one year after unemployment

Unemployment is considered to be a public health concern sincedeterioration in the health of the unemployed is often anticipated.However, for some groups, such as miners, unemployment mightimprove health due to a cessation of potentially harmful occupationalexposures. This study evaluates the health of 79 miners in oneSwedish iron-ore mine, and 226 age-matched controls from thegeneral population, during one year after the closure of themine. The participants received a questionnaire regarding medicalhistory and subjective symptoms at the beginning of the studyperiod, and after one year. Statistically significant negativeeffects on self-reported health attributable to unemploymentwere not found, although neuropsychiatric symptoms were morecommon among the unemployed miners. The miners reported a statisticallysignificant improvement in grip force (p=0.031). They had asignificantly higher prevalence of symptoms associated withmining related exposures when compared with the population controls;pain in the upper extremities [relative risk (RR)=2.27, 95%confidence interval (Cl)=1.44–3.59), back pain (RR=1.84;Cl=1.237–2.75), vasospastic disease of the fingers (RR=2.05;Cl=1.18–3.57) and obstructive respiratory symptoms (attacksof dyspnea and wheezing: RR=3.67; Cl=1.167–11.6).     

Excès de cas humains et animaux de tularémie en France au cours de l’hiver 2007–2008 : émergence ou phénomène isolé ?

Context

Tularemia is a zoonosis affecting humans and hares in France. We describe the results of surveillance in both species, in 2007 and 2008.

Methods

Human tularemia cases are mandatorily notifiable in France since 2003. In hares, surveillance relies on volunteer hunter associations in all districts of the country. Data from mandatory reports and volunteer surveillance in 2007/2008 were analyzed and compared with previous results.

Results

In 2007/2008, 144 cases were reported in humans and 117 cases in hares. This was a 100% increase compared to previous years. Human cases differed from those of previous years only by the frequency of contact with breeding animals. Human cases without any documented risk exposure were also more frequent.

Conclusion

An increase of tularemia cases occurred in 2007/2008 in both species. Complementary studies are needed to identify the species reservoir in France to understand the causes of this peak of cases.     

Occupational health hazards in mining: an overview

This review article outlines the physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic and psychosocial occupational health hazards of mining and associated metallurgical processes. Mining remains an important industrial sector in many parts of the world and although substantial progress has been made in the control of occupational health hazards, there remains room for further risk reduction. This applies particularly to traumatic injury hazards, ergonomic hazards and noise. Vigilance is also required to ensure exposures to coal dust and crystalline silica remain effectively controlled.     

Manufacture and use of nanomaterials: current status in the UK and global trends

This paper provides an overview of the production and use of nanomaterials (NMs), particularly in the UK. Currently, relatively few companies in the UK are identifiable as NM manufacturers, the main emphasis being the bulk markets in metals and metal oxides, and some niche markets such as carbon nanotubes and quantum dots. NM manufacturing in the UK does not reflect the global emphasis on fullerenes, nanotubes and fibres. Some assumptions have been made about the types of NM that are likely to be imported into the UK, which currently include fullerenes, modified fullerenes and other carbon-based NMs including nanotubes. Many university departments, spin-offs and private companies have developed processes for the manufacture of NMs but may only be producing small quantities for research and development (R&D) purposes. However, some have the potential to scale up to produce large quantities. The nanotechnology industry in the UK has strong R&D backup from universities and related institutions. This review has covered R&D trends at such institutions, and appropriate information has been added to a searchable database. While several companies are including NMs in their products, only a few (e.g. manufacturers of paints, coatings, cosmetics, catalysts, polymer composites) are using nanoparticles (NPs) in any significant quantities. However, this situation is likely to change rapidly. There is a need to collect more information about exposure to NPs in both manufacturing and user scenarios. As the market grows, and as manufacturers switch from the micro- to the nanoscale, the potential for exposure will increase. More research is required to quantify any risks to workers and consumers.     

深圳公立医院管理体制改革制度设计

深圳公立医院管理体制改革实行政事分开、管办分开,在理事会架构下按法定机构模式组建市医管中心,落实公立医院运营管理自主权.作者从当前公立医院管理体制的弊端入手,介绍了深圳市进行公立医院管理体制改革的基本思路及改革方案设计的主要举措,深入剖析了的改革方案的特点,并对改革效果进行了预测.     

Effects of nitrogen dioxide on red blood cells of rats: Changes in components of red cell membranes during in vivo exposure to NO2

Red cell membranes, prepared from red blood cells of rats exposed to 4, 10, or 20 ppm nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) for 1 to 10 days, were examined for evidence of changes in membrane components. Appreciable changes were not found in contents of phospholipid and cholesterol during exposure to 10 ppm NO₂. By contrast, protein content altered with the time of exposure. Moreover, changes in protein composition were observed by employing sodium dodecyl sulfate — polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Twenty-four-hour exposure to NO₂ at the concentration above 10 ppm resulted in a marked increase in the percentage of lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LysoPE) to the total phospholipids. The prolonged exposure to 10 ppm NO₂ gave rise to a further increase in LysoPE, whereas the percentage of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) showed a gradual decrease. A 1-day exposure to 4.0 ppm NO₂ also caused an increase in sialic acid content and decreases in those of PE and hexose. In addition to contents of these components the percentage of LysoPE increased 5 days after exposure and the elevated values were maintained up to the end of exposure period. These results demonstrate that red blood cells in circulation exhibit different membrane properties in terms of lipid and carbohydrate composition during 10 days of exposure to 4.0 ppm NO₂.     

Investigating clusters in the workplace and beyond

Clusters of disease are common and occur in the workplace and in the general community. They often arouse considerable concern among the population. Investigations have sometimes lead to exciting new knowledge, but in general the investigation of clusters is difficult and often unrewarding, especially for community clusters. In the workplace, investigations are more likely to find associations and even new causes, but still many clusters remain enigmatic. Despite this, there are many reasons for investigating clusters, including allaying community concern and identifying uncontrolled exposures. A structure for investigating clusters in the workplace is suggested.