1型糖尿病患儿血清维生素A特点及与辅助性T淋巴细胞因子水平的关联分析

目的探讨1型糖尿病(T1DM)患儿体内维生素A的代谢情况及维生素A对T1DM患儿辅助性T淋巴细胞(Th)1/Th2平衡的影响。方法选取32例T1DM患儿,并以28例健康儿童为对照组,微量荧光法检测血清维生素A水平,化学发光法、激光散射比浊法分别测定血清C-肽、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1C);在无菌条件下获取T1DM患儿以及对照儿童外周血单个核细胞(PBMC),T1DM患儿的PBMC分为维生素A干预组及未干预组2份,均体外培养48h,酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)法检测培养上清液中干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)、白介素-4(IL-4)水平变化。结果 T1DM患儿的血清维生素A水平、血清C-肽均明显低于对照组,HbA1C明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);T1DM患儿血清维生素A水平与空腹血清C-肽水平呈正相关(r=0.356,P<0.05),与HbA1C呈负相关(r=–0.394,P<0.05)。体外培养,T1DM患儿的PBMC产生IFN-γ水平高于对照组,IFN-γ/IL-4比值明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.01);T1DM患儿的PBMC经维生素A干预,产生IFN-γ水平明显低于未干预组(P<0.01),IFN-γ/IL-4比值也明显低于未干预组(P<0.01)。结论维生素A干预可能改善T1DM患儿的Th1/Th2失衡状态。     

肥胖症儿童脂溶性维生素A、D、E水平及其影响因素北大核心CSCD

目的调查肥胖症儿童脂溶性维生素A、D、E水平,并分析其影响因素。方法选取2019年1月至2021年4月就诊于西安市儿童医院营养科的273例肥胖症儿童(肥胖症组)为研究对象,同期健康体检的226例正常体重儿童为对照组。对两组儿童进行体格及体成分的测量,并检测血清维生素A、D、E浓度。结果与对照组比较,肥胖症组血清维生素A[(1.32±0.21)μmol/L vs(1.16±0.21)μmol/L]、维生素E[(9.3±1.4)mg/L vs(8.3±1.2)mg/L]水平较高(P<0.001),25羟维生素D[25-hydroxyvitamin D,25(OH)D]水平[(49±22)nmol/L vs(62±24)nmol/L]较低(P<0.001)。在肥胖症组中,边缘型维生素A缺乏率为5.5%(15/273),维生素D缺乏/不足率为56.8%(155/273),维生素E不足率为4.0%(11/273)。控制体重指数和腰身比后,肥胖症儿童维生素A水平与年龄呈正相关(P<0.001),维生素E和25(OH)D水平与年龄呈负相关(P<0.001)。在控制年龄因素后,未发现肥胖症儿童血清维生素A、维生素E、25(OH)D水平与其肥胖程度、体脂百分比、肥胖时长的相关性,但维生素A和维生素E水平与其腰身比呈正相关(P<0.001)。结论肥胖症儿童的血清维生素A和维生素E水平较高,尤其是腹型肥胖者,而血清维生素D营养状况较差,且随着年龄的增长,状况愈差。因此,应关注肥胖症儿童维生素D营养状况并积极补充。     

儿童维生素 A 缺乏与血红蛋白水平及呼吸道感染相关性研究

目的了解健康儿童和伴有呼吸道感染症状儿童维生素A营养状况,及其与血红蛋白水平的相关性。方法纳入2014年12月至2015年8月期间在北京居住半年以上的健康体检儿童,检测血清视黄醇、外周血血红蛋白水平,分析维生素A营养状况与年龄、呼吸道感染及贫血的关系。结果共纳入1 742例儿童,男1 056例、女686例,中位年龄3.1岁(6个月~17岁);就诊时有呼吸道感染症状儿童202例,无呼吸道感染症状儿童1 540例。受检儿童的血清视黄醇中位水平0.29 mg/L(0.25~0.33 mg/L),有呼吸道感染症状儿童低于无呼吸道症状儿童,差异有统计学意义(P0.001)。亚临床维生素A缺乏、可疑亚临床缺乏比例分别为5.8%和47.9%;9岁儿童的亚临床及可疑亚临床缺乏比率均50%,不同年龄组的亚临床和可疑亚临床缺乏比例的差异有统计学意义(P0.001)。亚临床维生素A缺乏、可疑亚临床缺乏及正常组儿童的贫血发生率分别为3.9%、8.7%、10.8%,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。血清视黄醇、血红蛋白浓度与年龄均呈正相关(r=0.179、0.571,P均0.001);血清视黄醇与血红蛋白浓度呈正相关(r=0.244,P0.001)。结论呼吸道感染儿童血清视黄醇水平低于健康儿童,维生素A缺乏与贫血发生相关。     

维生素A联合其他微量营养素干预对铁代谢稳态的影响

目的 观察维生素A、维生素A+铁和7+1多种微量营养素联合补充对学龄前儿童铁代谢稳态的影响.方法 研究为随机、互相对照、盲法现场干预试验.采用分层与整群抽样相结合的方法从该地区随机选取3所幼儿园全部226名2～7岁学龄前儿童纳入计划干预对象,分别补充100％ RNI的维生素A、维生素A+铁和“7+1”维生素A、铁、维生素B1、核黄素、叶酸、尼克酸、锌和钙.干预前后分别采用氰化高铁法测定全血中血红蛋白含量,反相高效液相色谱法( HPLC)测定血清视黄醇浓度,酶联免疫定量检测法测定血清铁蛋白(serum ferritin,SF),微粒子增强透射免疫法检测可溶性转铁蛋白受体(soluble transferrin receptor,sTfR),并计算sTfR-SF指数(TFR-F指数)及机体总铁含量;同时利用问卷方式调查这些儿童的人口学资料、社会经济状况以及饮食习惯等.结果 完成干预试验儿童共有226名,平均年龄(均数±标准差)为(4.0±0.85)岁.贫血发生率为23.5％,储铁不足发生率为15.0％,维生素A缺乏以及边缘型维生素A缺乏发生率分别是6.3％和25.9％.干预后6个月各组SF水平均较干预前下降(x2=8.3298,x2=16.1471,x=15.1371,P均＜0.01),而维生素A+铁组和“7+1”多种微量营养素组下降最为明显(x2=16.1471,x2=15.1371,P均＜0.05).干预后各组sTfR水平均出现降低(x2=15.1171,x2=5.2617,x2=4.8844,P均＜0.01),尤以维生素A组最明显(x2 =15.1171,P＜0.05);维生素A组TFR-F指数以及机体总铁含量在干预前后无明显变化(t =0.1817,t=1.7736,P均＞0.05),而维生素A+铁组和“7+1”多种微量营养素组的TFR-F指数明显下降、机体总铁含量明显增加(t=5.3561,t=6.5979,t=11.1663,t =8.7306,P均＜0.05).结论 单独维生素A补充对铁动员和铁利用均有明显影响,但对铁在肠道的吸收作用不明显;维生素A联合铁剂或“7+1”多种微量营养素的补充比单独维生素A可更好地改善学前儿童铁缺乏.     

维生素A对儿童轻度贫血的防治效果观察

给各组轻度贫血的学前儿童分别补充维生素A(VitA)、维生素C(VitC)、铁剂(FeSO_4)、VitA和FeSP_4、VitC和FeSO_4、VitA和VitC及FeSO_4一月。结果血红蛋白(Hb)、红细胞计数(RBC)、红细胞压积(Hct)平均值均较实验前显著增长(P<0.001),红细胞游离原卟啉(FEP)及FEP/Hb均值显著降低(P<0.05),但对照组变化不明显(P>0.2)。各补充组Hb、RBC、Hct均与对照组呈显著性差异(P<0.05或0.001),但各补充组之间差异无显著性(P>0.05)。实验结果说明补充VitA或VitA和FeSO_4。后的防治效果均不亚于补充VitC组或VitC和FeSO_4组及FeSO_4组(P>0.05)。     

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目的 评价旱产儿基础维生素A营养状况、与疾病的关系及常规补充的效果.方法 高效液相色谱法检测2006年1月至2007年2月北京大学第一医院出生24 h内的早产儿(147名)血浆视黄醇浓度,足月儿(40名)脐血作为时照.根据临床治疗常规,早产儿静脉(1650U/d)和(或)口服(750U/d)补充维生素A,随访早产儿血浆视黄醇浓度.结果 出生时,早产儿血浆视黄醇浓度低于足月儿,差异有统计学意义,分别为(0.161±0.051)μg/mL和(0.187±0.055)μg/mL(P=0.005).早产儿维生素A缺乏(VAD)发生率高于足月儿,但差异无统计学意义.多元线性回归分析显示出生体重与血浆视黄醇浓度呈正相关.31例早产儿补充维生素A 2周后,随访血浆视黄醇浓度显著升高,分别为(0.168±0.046)μg/mL和(0.203±0.063)μg/mL(P=0.014);VAD发生率显著下降,分别为100%和48%(P<0.001).未发现补充剂量、方式对随访维生素A浓度的影响,未发现出生时血浆视黄醇浓度与新生儿期疾病的关系.结论 早产儿基础维生素A营养状况不良,常规补充可在一定程度上改善2周时维生素A营养状况.     

特应性皮炎与血清脂溶性维生素水平的相关性分析

目的探讨脂溶性维生素A、D、E水平与特应性皮炎(AD)疾病严重程度的相关性。方法根据HanifinRajka标准,于2013年—2016年收集AD患儿,以健康体检儿童作对照;应用SCORAD方法评估AD患儿疾病严重程度;酶联免疫法检测血清总IgE水平;血细胞分析仪检测嗜酸性细胞绝对计数值;高效液相色谱法测定血清视黄醇、25-(OH)D 3水平,液相质谱法测定血清维α-生育酚水平。结果共纳入AD患儿61例,对照组48例。AD患儿SCORAD评分为(44.71±16.06)。AD患儿血清25-(OH) D3水平为(33.88±1.03)nmol/L,低于对照组的(50.49±1.90)nmol/L;血清视黄醇水平为(0.83±0.03)μmol/L,低于对照组的(0.93±0.04)μmol/L,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。AD组和对照组之间血清α-生育酚水平的差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。AD患儿血清视黄醇、25-(OH) D3水平与SCORAD呈显著负相关(P0.05),α-生育酚水平与SCORAD无相关性(P0.05)。结论 AD患儿维生素A、D水平均下降,且与疾病严重程度相关。     

贫血患儿血清生长分化因子15水平及其鉴别重型β地中海贫血的临床意义

目的 研究不同类型贫血患儿血清生长分化因子15(GDF15)水平及其与贫血程度、红系造血、铁代谢的相关性,以及在重型β地中海贫血(SBT)鉴别中的临床价值.方法 入选85例不同类型的贫血患儿,包括缺铁性贫血(IDA)19例,慢性病贫血(ACD)8例,再生障碍性贫血(AA)24例,重型β地中海贫血(SBT)17例,非SBT溶血性贫血(non-SBT HA)17例,另选21例健康体检儿童为对照组;采用ELISA方法测定血清GDF15水平,并分析其与血红蛋白(Hb)水平、网织红细胞参数和铁代谢指标的相关关系,ROC曲线分析血清GDF15水平对于儿童SBT的诊断价值.结果 各贫血亚组和对照组之间血清GDF15水平的差异有统计学意义(H=56.75,P<0.001).除ACD外,其他贫血亚组的血清GDF15水平均高于对照组,SBT组GDF15水平均高于对照组和其他贫血亚组,差异有统计学意义(P'<0.003),其中SBT组患儿血清GDF15中位浓度为对照组的28倍.贫血患儿GDF15与Hb水平呈显著负相关(rs=–0.429,P<0.01).贫血患儿GDF15水平与网织红细胞比例、网织红细胞绝对计数、RI和RPI显著正相关(rs=0.264~0.375,P均<0.05).贫血患儿GDF15水平与SF、SI和TS均显著正相关(rs=0.473~0.717,P均<0.01);与Tf和TIBC呈负相关(rs=–0.345、–0.349,P均<0.05).血清GDF15水平诊断重型β地中海贫血的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)为0.969(95%CI:0.937~1.0;P<0.01),如以血清GDF15浓度5 000 pg/ml作为截断值,诊断SBT的特异度为98.5%.结论 血清GDF15水平显著升高是SBT患儿极为显著的血液生化特征,可能与骨髓无效造血密切相关;血清GDF15水平检测有助于SBT与其他类型溶血性贫血的鉴别.     

早产儿出生时血清25-羟维生素D水平与支气管肺发育不良的相关性

目的分析早产儿出生时血清25-羟维生素D[25(OH)D]水平与支气管肺发育不良(BPD)的关系。方法选取2014年1月至2016年12月入住NICU、出生胎龄34周的早产儿,按是否患BPD分为BPD组(41例)和对照组(219例),分析25(OH)D水平与BPD的关系。结果 BPD组血清25(OH)D水平显著低于对照组(37±17 nmol/L vs 47±20 nmol/L;P0.05);维生素D缺乏率显著高于对照组(90.2%vs 74.0%,P0.05)。血清25(OH)D水平与BPD发生率呈负相关(r=-0.201,P=0.001)。结论早产儿维生素D缺乏可能与BPD发病有关,但需多因素分析进一步证实。     

维生素D缺乏与新生儿早发型败血症的相关性研究

目的评估血清维生素D水平对足月新生儿早发型败血症(EOS)的影响。方法 78例足月EOS新生儿设为研究组(EOS组),60例无感染相关临床和/或实验室表现的健康足月新生儿设为对照组。两组新生儿及其母亲均在产后72h内采血进行25-羟基维生素D(25-OHD)水平检测,比较两组新生儿维生素D缺乏发生率及母亲孕期维生素D补充情况。结果两组母亲和新生儿之间血清25-OHD水平均呈显著正相关(EOS组:r=0.797,P0.01,对照组:r=0.929,P0.01)。EOS组新生儿及其母亲血清25-OHD水平显著低于对照组(P0.01)。EOS组新生儿维生素D缺乏发生率显著高于对照组(P0.01),而母亲孕末期3个月补充足量维生素D的比率显著低于对照组(P0.01)。结论低血清25-OHD水平与足月新生儿EOS的发生具有相关性。     

Vitamin A status in children with asthma

Low vitamin A levels have been found in a number of diseases in children. The aim of this study was to examine the vitamin A status in children with asthma and to correlate the changes with severity of disease. Serum levels of vitamin A, retinol‐binding protein (RBP), and albumin were estimated in 35 asthmatic children (24 males) in the age group of 2–12 years (mean 5.89 years) and 29 controls (19 males). Both study and control groups were similar with respect to age, sex, and overall nutritional status. Twenty‐four children in the study group (68.6%) had moderate to severe persistent asthma and eight children had mild persistent asthma. Only three patients suffered from mild intermittent asthma. Vitamin A levels in children with asthma (mean ± SD 22.14 ± 5.38 µg/dl) were found to be significantly lower than their controls (mean ± SD 27.54 ± 4.83 µg/dl) (p = 0.0001). Age, age of onset of asthma, and gender had no correlation with serum vitamin A levels. Low serum vitamin A levels (< 20 µg/dl) were observed four times more commonly in the study group (28.6%) than controls (6.9%). Severity of asthma had a negative correlation with serum vitamin A levels (r = ? 0.61, p = 0.0001). Children with severe persistent asthma had markedly low serum vitamin A levels (mean ± SD 13.42 ± 5.19 µg/dl) as compared with mild intermittent asthma (mean ± SD 24.61 ± 2.32 µg/dl). Therapeutic trials are needed to prove whether low vitamin A levels contribute to asthma severity and the clinical utility of vitamin A supplementation in asthmatic children.     

Double-blind, randomized, controlled trial of zinc or vitamin A supplementation in young children with acute diarrhoea

In a double-blind, controlled trial with a factorial design, 684 patients (aged 6 months to 2 y; excludes 6 early dropouts) with acute watery diarrhoea of 3 d or less and some dehydration, who were attending a hospital, were randomly assigned to 4 groups to receive: (a) vitamin A 4500 microg retinol equivalent daily for 15 d; (b) 14.2 mg elemental zinc as acetate for the first 417 patients and 40 mg of the remaining 273 patients randomized to this group for 15 d; (c) both vitamin A 4500 microg retinol equivalent and zinc at the above doses daily for 15 d; or (d) placebo mixtures for 15 d. Patients were observed in the hospital for 24 h and followed up at home for 15 d. All received ascorbic acid 30 mg with each dose of medicine or placebo. Zinc supplementation was associated with a reduced duration of diarrhoea (13%, p = 0.03) and markedly reduced rate (43%, p = 0.017) of prolonged diarrhoea (>7 d). Vitamin A supplementation was associated with a nonsignificant trend for reduced rate of prolonged diarrhoea (p = 0.089). In conclusion, zinc supplementation as adjunct therapy had a substantial impact on the rate of prolonged diarrhoea and some impact on duration and may be beneficial in children with diarrhoea in developing countries.     

Vitamin A and E deficiency and lung disease in infants with cystic fibrosis

OBJECTIVES: Vitamin A and E deficiency is common in cystic fibrosis (CF). These vitamins have immunomodulating properties and we determined whether decreased serum vitamin A and E levels in young infants are associated with early CF lung disease and lower airway inflammation. METHODS: A post-hoc analysis was undertaken on previous data collected prospectively in 39 newly diagnosed infants identified by a newborn CF screening programme. Assessment of CF genotype, nutrition, pancreatic status, serum retinol and alpha-tocopherol levels was performed at diagnosis. Pulmonary status was determined clinically, by Brasfield chest radiographic scores and analysis of bacterial counts and inflammatory indices in bronchial lavage (BL) fluid. These assessments were repeated 12 months later. RESULTS: At diagnosis, 20 out of 39 (51%) CF infants had low serum retinol (mean (SD) 0.7 (0.3) micromol/L) and 9/38 (24%) had low alpha-tocopherol (mean (SD) 13.4 (8.4) micromol/L) levels. Dietary energy intake was related to serum retinol concentrations at diagnosis (r(2) = 0.27; P = 0.001). At 1 year, serum retinol and alpha-tocopherol levels had normalized following vitamin A and E supplementation. Respiratory symptoms, radiographic scores and BL inflammatory indices systematically deteriorated during infancy, reaching significance for free neutrophil elastase activity (9 out of 29 vs 21 out of 33; P = 0.01) and IL-8 levels (79 vs 416; P = 0.046) in BL fluid. No association was seen between serum vitamin levels at diagnosis and airway inflammatory indices at either diagnosis or 12 months later. CONCLUSION: We found in this CF birth cohort no evidence to implicate vitamin A or E deficiency in the development of lung disease or airway inflammation during infancy.     

不同基因型地中海贫血患儿血清铁代谢指标的研究

目的：探讨血清铁(SI)、总铁结合力(TIBC)、转铁蛋白(Tf)的检测在地中海贫血（地贫）中的临床应用价值。方法：对选取的9例静止型α地贫,56例标准型α地贫,26例血红蛋白H病,40例β地贫杂合子（β+地贫）,56例β地贫双重杂合子(或纯合子) （β0地贫）,45例缺铁性贫血（IDA）患儿以及70例健康儿童（对照组）血清SI、TIBC、Tf进行检测。结果：β0地贫组SI水平明显高于其余各组（P0.05）;静止型α地贫、标准型α地贫组SI、TIBC水平与对照组相近（P>0.05）,但Tf水平明显低于对照组（P0.05）。结论：SI和TIBC用于监测地贫患儿的铁负荷优于Tf。对于SI异常增高和TIBC明显降低的的小细胞性贫血患儿,诊断为β0地贫的可能性大。［中国当代儿科杂志,2010,12（2）：85-88］     

Paraoxonase and arylesterase activities in children with iron deficiency anemia and vitamin B12 deficiency anemia

Paraoxonase-1 is an esterase enzyme and it has 3 types of activity, namely paraoxonase, arylesterase, and diazoxonase. It has been reported that paraoxonase-1 deficiency is related to increased susceptibility to development of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to investigate serum paraoxonase and arylesterase activities in children with iron deficiency anemia and vitamin B(12) deficiency anemia. Thirty children with iron deficiency anemia, 30 children with vitamin B(12) deficiency anemia, and 40 healthy children aged 6 months to 6 years were enrolled in this study. Serum paraoxonase and arylesterase activities were measured with a spectrophotometer by using commercially available kits. Mean paraoxonase and arylesterase activities in vitamin B(12) deficiency anemia group (103 ± 73 and 102 ± 41 U/L, respectively) were significantly lower than mean activities of control group (188 ± 100 and 147 ± 34 U/L, respectively; P < .001 for both) and iron deficiency anemia group (165 ± 103 and 138 ± 39 U/L, respectively; P < .05, P < .001), whereas there were no significant differences between iron deficiency anemia and control groups (P > .05). Paraoxonase and arylesterase activities significantly increased after treatment with vitamin B(12) in vitamin B(12) deficiency anemia; however, there were no significant changes in the activities of these enzymes after iron treatment in iron deficiency anemia group. Important correlations were found between vitamin B(12) levels and both paraoxonase and arylesterase activities (r = .367, P < .001; r = .445, P < .001). Our results suggest that vitamin B(12) deficiency anemia causes important reductions in paraoxonase and arylesterase activities, and after vitamin B(12) therapy the activities of these enzymes returned to near-normal levels.     

Reduced total plasma homocyst(e)ine in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes

OBJECTIVES: The objective was to investigate total plasma homocyst(e)ine (tHcy), methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) genotype, and the contribution of diet to homocysteine values in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes and a control group. STUDY DESIGN: A total of 78 children with type 1 diabetes and 59 members of an age- and sex-matched control group were recruited. Fasting samples were collected for tHcy, MTHFR genotype, serum vitamin B(12), serum folate, red cell folate, and plasma creatinine. Food frequency questionnaires targeted intake of folate, vitamin B(6), and vitamin B(12). RESULTS: Fasting tHcy was reduced in patients compared with the control group (4.7 vs 5.9 micromol/L, P <.001). Serum folate (P =.002), red cell folate(P <.001), and serum vitamin B(12) (P =.005) were higher, and plasma creatinine was lower. A significant difference in tHcy values between patients and the control group persisted after correction was done for these factors (r = 0.1, P =.02). No difference was seen in the frequency of MTHFR polymorphisms. tHcy was not elevated in those patients with the 677TT or 677T/1298C genotypes, although red cell folate was significantly higher in members of the case (P =.01) and control groups (P =.05) with a 677 TT genotype. Dietary intake of folate correlated with serum folate (r = 0.4,P =.005). CONCLUSION: tHcy values are lower in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Higher serum levels of folic acid and vitamin B(12), reflecting differences in dietary intake between children with diabetes and members of a control group, partially account for this difference.     

A randomized controlled clinical trial of zinc, vitamin A or both in undernourished children with persistent diarrhea in Bangladesh

In a double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial, moderately malnourished Bangladeshi children (61-75% of the median weight/age) were studied for the effect of zinc and/or vitamin A supplementation on the clinical outcome of persistent diarrhea. Children 6 mo to 2 y of age with diarrhea for more than 14 d were randomly allocated into 4 groups of 24 receiving a multivitamin syrup and (i) zinc (20 mg elemental), (ii) vitamin A, (iii) both zinc and vitamin A, or (iv) neither, in 2 doses daily for 7 d. Clinical data on recovery and on stool output, consistency and frequency were recorded for 7 d, and weight change from day 1 to day 7 was assessed. The baseline characteristics of the four study groups were comparable. The mean daily stool outputs from days 2 to 7 of therapy were significantly less in the zinc and zinc plus vitamin A groups, but not in the vitamin A group, in comparison with the control group. In children receiving zinc, the cumulative stool weight in the 7 d was 39% less than in the control group (p < 0.001) and 32% less than in the vitamin A group (p = 0.006). The cumulative stool weight in the zinc plus vitamin A group was 24% less than in the control group (p < 0.001), but the 14% lower output than in the vitamin A group was not statistically different. The change in body weight over the 7 d study period was significantly different between the group receiving zinc and the control group (+111 g vs -90 g, p = 0.045). The rate of clinical recovery of children within 7 d was significantly greater in the zinc group (88%) compared with the control group (46%, p = 0.002) or vitamin A group (50%, p = 0.005), but not statistically different from the zinc plus vitamin A group (67%, p = 0.086). Conclusion: The results indicate that zinc, but not vitamin A, supplementation in persistent diarrhea reduces stool output, prevents weight loss and promotes earlier recovery.     

The effect of live measles vaccines on serum vitamin A levels in healthy children

Abstract Objective: Serum retinol levels have been shown to be depressed during measles infection. This study aims to demonstrate whether there is any decrease in serum vitamin A level following immunization with live viral vaccine and its relation with vaccine seroconversion in children with measles. Since many children receive measles vaccine alone or in combination with measles-mumps-rubella vaccine, we studied serum vitamin A levels and antibody levels in healthy, well-nourished children before and after immunization with monovalent and combined live attenuated measles vaccine.
Methods: The first group included 21 healthy children between the ages of9–11 months who received live measles (Schwarz) vaccine. There were also 21 healthy children (range14–20 months of age) who received measles-mumps-rubella Trimovax® (Pasteur Merieux) vaccine. All children were tested for serum vitamin A levels before vaccination, on days9–14 and30–42 following both vaccinations. Measles specific antibody levels were also measured on admission and30–42 days following vaccinations.
Results: In both vaccination groups, mean serum vitamin A levels reduced significantly on days9–14, but increased slightly on days30–42 in the measles-mumps-rubella vaccinated group (P < 0.05). The baseline and follow-up levels of mean serum vitamin A did not differ between seroconverted and nonseroconverted cases within the measles vaccinated group.
Conclusion: Serum vitamin A levels are reduced following vaccination with monovalent and combined live attenuated measles vaccines.     

支气管哮喘患儿血清25-羟维生素D3水平及其与肺功能、呼出气一氧化氮的关系

目的：了解支气管哮喘（简称哮喘）患儿血清25-羟维生素D3[25（OH）D3]水平及其与肺功能、呼出气一氧化氮（ FeNO）的关系,为哮喘的治疗提供新的策略。方法选取门诊6~14岁初诊哮喘患儿112例为观察组,选取同期在儿童保健科体检的6~14岁健康儿童78例为对照组,通过电化学发光法检测两组患儿血清中25（ OH）D3的含量,检测哮喘患儿呼气峰流速（ PEF）、第1秒用力呼气容积（ FEV1）、呼气峰流速占预计值百分比（ PEF％ pred ）、第1秒用力呼气容积占预计值百分比（ FEV1％ pred）,对观察组患儿进行FeNO检测。对25（ OH）D3与PEF％ pred、FEV1％ pred、FeNO的相关性进行分析。结果观察组的维生素 D 缺乏、不足比例均高于对照组（χ2＝7.78,P ﹤0.01）;PEF％ pred、FEV1％ pred的值随血清25（OH）D3水平的下降而降低（F＝28.12、29.56,P均﹤0.05）, FeNO值随血清25（OH）D3水平的下降反而升高（F＝15.65,P﹤0.05）。结论维生素D缺乏或不足与儿童哮喘相关,与哮喘患儿肺功能下降有关,且可增加哮喘患儿气道炎症水平。