在监女犯家庭特征的对照研究

目的：评价在监女犯家庭特征及其对女性犯罪行为的影响。方法：应用家庭环境量表中文版（FES－CV）及一般情况问卷对168名在押女犯和159名条件相当的社会女性进行调查。结果：家庭环境量表分析显示女犯家庭在亲密度,情感表达,成功性,控制性,组织性和道德宗教观等分量表分与对照组不同（P＜0．05）,Logistic回归分析显示女性犯罪行为与控制性,成功性,亲密度,组织性,独立性和道德宗教观等分量表得分有关。结论：FES－CV适用于评价犯罪者家庭,特定的家庭特征与女性犯罪行为有一定关系。     

儿童攻击性行为与养育方式、家庭环境和自我意识的相关研究

目的了解儿童攻击性行为与父母养育方式、家庭环境、自我意识之间的关系。方法采用儿童行为量表、父母养育方式评价量表、家庭环境量表、Pier-Harris儿童自我意识量表对181名小学六年级学生（其中男生79名、女生102名）进行测评。结果儿童行为量表中男生的攻击性因子与家庭环境量表的道德宗教观因子、自我意识量表的幸福与满足因子呈显著负相关（r=-0．222，r=-0．224，P〈0．05），与父母养育方式量表母亲的情感温暖与理解因子（M1）、父亲的拒绝否认因子（F5）呈显著正相关（r=0．228，r=0．219，P〈0．05）；女生的攻击性因子与家庭环境量表的亲密度因子、父母养育方式量表的情感温暖与理解因子呈显著负相关（r=-0．286，r=-0．212，r=-0．216，P〈0．01或P〈0．05），与父亲的惩罚严厉因子呈显著正相关（r=0．223，P〈0．05）；逐步多元回归分析表明，父母养育方式量表母亲的情感温暖与理解因子、父亲的拒绝否认因子、自我意识量表的幸福与满足因子对男生的攻击性具有预测作用，家庭环境量表的亲密度因子、父母养育方式量表母亲的情感温暖与理解因子对女生的攻击性具有预测作用。结论良好家庭氛围和教养方式及培养积极的自我意识有助于儿童攻击性行为的预防和干预。     

医学生职业决策困难与情绪智力的关系研究

目的：分析医学生职业决策困难与情绪智力的关系。方法采用情绪人格相关的职业决策困难量表和情绪智力量表对随机抽取的367位济宁医学院毕业生进行测量。结果情绪智力与职业决策困难相关不显著（ t＝－0．055,P＞0．05）;职业决策困难和情绪智力仅在人口学因素中的性别和兼职经历上存在显著差异,女性情绪智力得分显著高于男性得分（t＝－2．136,P＝0．033）,女性被试中,情绪智力可解释职业决策困难总变异的2．4％,在男性被试中无影响;无兼职经历被试的职业决策困难得分显著高于有兼职经历被试得分（t＝－2．115,－2．531;P＜0．05）,在有兼职经历被试中情绪智力可解释职业决策困难总变异的1．5％,在无兼职经历被试中无影响。结论医学生的情绪智力与情绪人格相关的职业决策困难总体不相关;性别和兼职经历在医学生的情绪智力和职业决策困难之间起调节作用。     

青少年精神分裂症患者家庭因素的影响研究

目的：探讨青少年精神分裂症患者的发病和家庭因素的相关性。方法：采用父母养育方式评价量表（EMBU）及家庭环境量表中文版（EFS—CV）对60名青少年精神分裂症患者进行测评并与60名健康青少年进行对照及相关分析。结果：青少年精神分裂症患者父母养育方式与正常组对照显示：其父亲惩罚严厉、拒绝否认因子分显著高于对照组，情感温暖、理解因子分显著低于对照组（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）；其母亲过分干涉、过度保护、偏爱被试因子分显著高于对照组；母亲的情感温暖理解、过度保护、偏爱被试因子分高于父亲（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。家庭环境的亲密度、情感表达、文化性、娱乐性的因子分低于对照组，矛盾性和控制均高于对照组（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。相关分析显示：父亲过度保护与母亲拒绝否认，及母亲过度保护与父亲拒绝否认因子之间呈负相关（r≥0．6）。结论：不良的家庭环境和父母养育方式对青少年精神分裂症的发病起一定作用，具有相关性。     

家庭教养方式对海南省青少年吸毒行为的影响

目的：探索吸毒青少年家庭的教养方式、亲密度以及适应性的特点。方法：采用父母教养方式评价量表（EMBU）及家庭亲密度和适应性量表（中文版）（FACESII—CV）对330例吸毒青少年进行评定。结果：在教养方式方面,与对照组相比,吸毒青少年的父母的情感温暖因子评分较低,父亲的惩罚严厉及母亲的过度干涉、过度保护因子评分较高（P〈0．05）。在亲密度和适应性方面,吸毒青少年家庭的实际亲密度、实际适应性、理想亲密度和理想适应性均比对照组低（P〈0．01）。吸毒青少年的家庭表现为低亲密度、低情感表达、低控制性以及高矛盾性（P〈0．01）。结论：吸毒青少年家庭在教养方式、亲密度以及适应性方面存在的问题,对青少年吸毒行为的形成具有重要的影响作用。     

认知性情绪调节策略在情绪智力与孤独感间的中介效应

目的：探讨认知性情绪调节策略在情绪智力与孤独感间的中介效应。方法采用认知情绪调节问卷中文版、情绪智力量表和孤独量表对542名大学生实施问卷调查,采用SPSS17．0软件进行相关分析;假设认知性情绪调节策略在情绪智力与孤独感间具有中介效应,建立路径模型,采用AMOS17．0软件进行路径分析。结果认知性情绪调节的积极策略[（28．64±5．90）分]总体上与情绪智力[题项平均分（2．38±0．27）分]显著正相关（r＝0．346,P＜0．05）,与孤独感[（42．29±7．88）分]显著负相关（r＝－0．301, P＜0．05）;路径分析显示：间接效果和直接效果的估计值均支持本研究假设（P＜0．05）。结论认知性情绪调节的积极策略在情绪智力与孤独感间具有部分中介效应。     

青少年强迫症患者及亲属家庭因素的比较分析

目的：探索青少年强迫症患者及其亲属的父母教养方式和家庭环境特点及其差异.方法：采用父母教养方式评价量表（EMBU）和家庭环境量表中文版（FES-CV）对20例青少年强迫症患者、32例患者父母（为避免混淆,患者父母组称患者亲属组）及25例正常对照者进行比较研究.结果：与正常对照组相比,青少年强迫症组的父母情感温暖、理解较少,惩罚、严厉、拒绝、否认较多（P＜0.05）,患者在家庭中感受到的亲密度、道德宗教观、组织性较少,矛盾性和控制性较多（P＜0.05）;强迫症亲属组的父母过分干涉和过度保护较正常对照组少（P＜0.05）,家庭环境各因子与正常对照组无明显差异（P＞0.05）.青少年强迫症组与强迫症亲属组相比,患者的父母的过分干涉、过度保护、拒绝、否认、惩罚、严厉及偏爱较多,母亲的温暖、理解较少（P＜0.05）;患者感受到的家庭亲密度、情感表达、组织性较少,矛盾性和控制性较多（P＜0.05）.结论：青少年强迫症患者存在不良的父母教养方式和家庭环境,这些不良的家庭相关因素可能是父母与患者之间双向作用的结果.     

糖尿病患者家庭环境的调查研究

目的：探讨糖尿病与家庭环境的关系。方法：采用“家庭环境量表”进行1：1对照研究。结果：在亲密度，情感表达，矛盾性、独立性，成功性，道德宗教观，组织性，控制性等家庭环境因子组间有非常显著差异（P＜0．001），性别、年龄、职业、文化程度，婚姻状况，民族，人均月收入等比较，亦有显著差异，结论：在治疗康复时应重视和采取有效措施，改善尿糖病患者的家庭环境。     

青少年精神分裂症患者与家庭功能的相关性研究

目的探讨青少年精神分裂症患者与家庭功能的关系。方法采用父母养育方式评价量表（EMBU）及家庭环境量表中文版（EFS-CV）对67名青少年精神分裂症患者进行对照及相关分析。结果青少年精神分裂病患者有家庭功能障碍。病例组家庭环境中父母关系,亲子关系差,父母有不良行为习惯者多（P〈0．05）;病例组父母养育方式不恰当．相关分析表明：病例组父母惩罚、过度干涉、拒绝否认均多于对照组,父亲关心理解少于对照组,母亲偏爱被试多于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论不良的家庭环境和父母养育方式对青少年精神分裂症的发病起一定作用,具有相关性。     

癫痫患儿气质特征及其家庭背景因素研究

目的 探讨癫痫患儿气质特征、家庭环境及其父母教养方式，旨在为癫痫患儿实施心理干预措施提供依据。方法 采用中国学龄儿童气质量表（CSTS）对58例癫痫患儿进行了测评，并将测评结果同中国常模组儿童比较。同时采用家庭环境量表中文版（FES—CV）及父母教养方式评价量表（EMBU）对58例癫痫患儿及58名正常儿童进行了测评。结果 （1）癫痫组患儿与常模组儿童的气质类型构成间差别有显著性意义（P〈0．05）；（2）癫痫组患儿的活动水平、节律性、适应性、反应强度、心境及持久性气质维度得分与常模组儿童比较，差别有显著性意义（P〈0．01）；（3）癫痫纽患儿的家庭亲密度、情感表达、矛盾性、独立性、成功性、知识性、娱乐性、组织性及控制性得分与对照组儿童间差别均有显著性意义（P〈0．01）；（4）癫痫组患儿与正常儿童的父母情感温暖、惩罚及拒绝因子得分间差别有显著性意义（P〈0．05），父亲的过度保护因子及母亲的偏爱被试因子得分间差别亦有显著性意义（P〈0．05）。结论 癫痫组患儿的气质特征、家庭环境及其父母教养方式与正常儿童有着明显的不同，此为今后开展分析性心理治疗，实施心理干预措施提供了依据。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.