起于腹壁浅动脉的异常闭孔动脉一例

文献报道异常闭孔动脉多起于腹壁下动脉,起于腹壁浅动脉的异常闭孔动脉颇为少见,笔者在解剖一具成年女性标本时遇见一例,现报道如下:右侧腹壁浅动脉从股动脉起始,在距起始     

异常闭孔动脉1例

作者在解剖一具老年男性尸体中发现其闭孔动脉存在双起点,现报道如下:①腹壁下动脉与闭孔动脉上支共干,于腹股沟韧带深面起于髂外动脉内侧壁,起点处直径2.6mm;腹壁下动     

闭孔动脉起自股动脉一例

<正> 异常的闭孔动脉出现率在20％左右,多起自腹壁下动脉,闭孔动脉起自股动脉尚未见报导,现将本人在第一军医大学进修期间发现的一例报导于下: 男尸,身长150厘米,左侧。左侧闭孔动脉起自股动脉。起于距腹股沟靭带下13毫米处的股动脉,外径2.5毫米。腹壁下动脉位于闭孔动脉起点上方14毫米发出。闭孔动脉自股动脉内侧发出,沿股静脉     

腹壁下动脉起于髂内动脉一例

在解剖一具约45岁男性藏族尸体时,发现右侧腹壁下动脉起点异常,此异常在股疝手术中有一定的实用参考价值,现报道如下。闭孔动脉与腹壁下动脉共干起自髂内动脉,共干长2.5cm,外径4.0mm,共干行至距闭膜管2cm 处,发出一支腹壁下动脉(外径2.5mm)和闭孔动脉(外径3.5mm)(见附图),腹壁下动脉沿盆壁前上行于腹环的内侧(距腹环内缘约4mm)并继续行向上内入腹     

左闭孔动脉腹壁下动脉共干异位起源一例

正笔者在行一成年男性盆腔解剖时,发现其左侧闭孔动脉与腹壁下动脉共干起源于髂外动脉,且闭孔动脉还发出膀胱下动脉和前列腺动脉。闭孔动脉直接或与腹壁下动脉合干发自髂外动脉属于异常闭孔动脉,国人的出现率为17.95%±1.21%。而异常闭孔动脉发出膀胱下动脉和前列腺动脉情况少见,为积累国人资料和为临床提供参考,现将该变异报道如下。左侧髂外动脉于骶髂关节处由髂总动脉分出后,沿腰大肌表面下行,在腹股沟韧带中点上方由髂外动脉前壁内侧发出一短干,该干即为     

一例髂外动脉源的双异常闭孔动脉

异常闭孔动脉报导较多,出现率在20%左右,多与腹壁下动脉合干起白髂外动脉,经闭孔管进入股内侧肌群,而与腹壁下动脉合干起自髂外动脉,经腹股沟韧带深面进入股内侧区供应内收肌群的异常闭孔动脉尚未见有报导。现将在制作教学标本中发现一例报导如下。男性,约60岁,重庆地区人,左侧除起     

异常闭孔动脉的形态特点及其临床意义

目的　观察异常闭孔动脉的走形、分布,并对其盆内段进行测量和定位,为腹股沟区相关手术提供可靠的解剖学基础。 方法　解剖研究37侧成人骨盆标本,对闭孔动脉进行观测和分类,并测量闭孔动脉盆内段长度,起始端外径,闭孔管处外径,以及闭孔动脉入闭孔处和髂前上棘与耻骨联合连线中点的距离。 结果　在37侧标本中,异常闭孔动脉出现率为18.92%。异常闭孔动脉与腹壁下动脉共干（1.57±0.12）cm发出,盆内段平均长度（4.05±0.49）cm,起始处平均外径（2.52±0.87）mm,闭膜管处闭孔动脉平均外径（2.14±0.72）mm,入闭孔处和连线中点的距离（3.63±1.29）cm。异常闭孔动脉多与腹壁下动脉共干,之后绕股环或跨过股环,紧贴盆壁下降至闭孔处。 结论　正是由于异常闭孔动脉的特殊性质,在腹股沟区及骨盆、髋区骨折固定手术,甚至肿瘤治疗、淋巴结清除术中,术者当引起重视。     

右侧闭孔动脉变异一例

在正常情况下,闭孔动脉通常起于髂内动脉的前干,沿骨盆侧壁行向前下方,经盆内筋膜与腹膜之间,输精管盆侧或子宫圆韧带自其内侧跨过,其上、下分别有闭孔神经和闭孔静脉与之伴行,至闭孔上方进入闭膜管,出骨盆至股部,分为前后两终支。闭孔动脉在盆内除分支至髂骨、髂肌、膀胱等外,尚发出一耻骨支,耻骨支沿耻骨后面内进,与对侧同名支以及腹壁下动脉的耻骨支吻合,有时这个吻合支变得很粗,而正常的闭孔动脉很小或不存在,由该吻合支所代替,这种粗大吻合支即为异常闭孔动脉（椐资料统计约占169／6-209／6）。笔在进行教学标本制作时,发现一成年女性右侧闭孔动脉变异,而左侧闭孔动脉与上述正常闭孔动脉描述无异。现将变异情况报告如下。     

左侧闭孔动脉、膀胱下动脉共干一例

在制作1成年男性左侧盆腔及下肢血管神经标本时,见血管变异,为积累解剖学资料,现报道如下. 在此标本中,左侧闭孔动脉、膀胱下动脉共干起始于髂内动脉,此共干尚发出细小分支支配闭孔内肌及其附近肌肉.在盆腔中可见,左髂总动脉在第4腰椎椎间盘左侧分为髂内、外动脉.髂内动脉沿盆腔侧壁下行67.5 mm至第3骶椎水平,在距离正中矢状面54.2 mm、髂前上棘63.1 mm、耻骨联合121.0mm处,自其前壁发出一长33.4 mm,外径4.0mm的动脉干,其起始处髂内动脉外径为8.0mm.     

胆囊动脉及闭孔动脉变异一例

<正>笔者在进行局部解剖学实验操作时,发现1具约35岁的男性尸体胆囊动脉及闭孔动脉起源变异,由于肝动脉变异较多,而胆囊动脉单独发自肠系膜上动脉的情况比较罕见,并且伴有闭孔动脉的变异,为积累国人解剖学变异资料和为临床应用提供参考,现报道如下。1胆囊动脉解剖时发现腹腔干及其3个分支(脾动脉、胃左动脉及肝总动脉)正常,而肝固有动脉右支进入肝门前未发出胆囊动脉。在解剖肠系膜上动脉(外径0.8cm,发自腹腔干下4.2 cm处)时,     

异常闭孔动脉1例

在解剖一老年女性盆腔血管标本时，发现其闭孔动脉出现变异情况，现报道如下（图1）。     

Rare case of femoral artery ramification and origin of the obturator artery

We observed two rare patterns of femoral artery ramification in the bilateral thighs of an 83-year-old male cadaver. In the right thigh, the lateral circumflex femoral and deep circumflex iliac arteries formed a common trunk, while in the left, the medial circumflex femoral, inferior epigastric, and obturator arteries formed a common trunk. In the left pelvis, the obturator artery comprised branches from the inferior epigastric, superior gluteal, and inferior gluteal arteries. We describe this rare case and discuss the genesis and clinical significance of these variations.     

Development of the obturator artery in human prenatal ontogenesis

Definitive obturatory artery forms as a result of uneven growth of anastomosis of external and internal iliac arteries which is connected with peculiarities of regional organogenesis. 2 crucial periods--renal--and the period of gonade obstruction (the end of intrauterine development) were distinguished in morphogenesis of pubic anastomosis of iliac arteries. Sex related peculiarities of obturatory artery development were found in the second period.     

A retroesophageal right subclavian artery with the right vertebral artery originating from the right common carotid artery

The right subclavian artery was found to be retroesophageal, and the right vertebral artery originated from the right common carotid artery in a 46-year-old female cadaver. The right subclavian artery stemmed from the upper portion of the thoracic aorta, posterior and inferior to the origin of the normal left subclavian artery. The right and left common carotid arteries originated from the aortic arch in close proximity. Compression of the trachea anteriorly could not be demonstrated. The right inferior laryngeal nerve was nonrecurrent. A brief review of the literature shows the importance of knowledge concerning the aberrant right subclavian artery for the roentgenologist and the surgeon in the treatment of patients with this vascular anomaly.     

右肾动脉、睾丸动脉及肾上腺下动脉变异1例

笔者在解剖一具成年男性尸体时,发现其右肾动脉、右睾丸动脉及右肾上腺下动脉变异.经查文献资料,此种变异的报道很少,现报道如下:     

右锁骨下动脉和右颈总动脉变异1例

正对1具男性尸体进行解剖时,发现右锁骨下动脉和右颈总动脉直接起自于主动脉弓,致主动脉弓分支变异(图1),而正常的右锁骨下动脉和右颈总动脉起自头臂干[1],相对于国内李永胜[2]等人的报道,此类变异数值、具体起点均有差异。根据《中国人解剖学数值》,本例锁骨下动脉变异出现率为1.48%,为积累国人解剖学数据和为临床治疗提供参考,现报     

Posterior right diagonal artery

Background: There is general confusion about a branch of the posterior segment of the right coronary artery that has been referred to as 1) the lower trunk of a divided right coronary artery; 2) a posterior reflection of the right marginal artery; 3) the ramus lateralis; and 4) a posterolateral branch or a posterior descending artery. Materials: Three hundred human hearts were studied by direct observation, X-ray films, and corrosion casting. Results: This branch of the right coronary artery arises either after the right marginal artery (in 84% of hearts) or it constitutes the continuation of this artery in the remaining 16%. We named it the posterior right diagonal artery (PRDA). It was found in 14% of 266 hearts of right dominant type. It was present in 39% when the length of the posterior descending artery (PDA) was shorter than half of the length of the posterior interventricular sulcus (PIS) and in 6% when it was longer. When the PRDA originated directly from the RCA, the RMA appeared underdeveloped; the PRDA always occupied the inferior part of the PIS and appears either as continuation of a short PDA or as a replacement for a long PDA from the point where this artery leaves the PIS to enter the posterior wall of the left ventricle. The PDRA when present serves as a bridge between the RCA and the left anterior descending artery. Conclusions: These findings are of practical importance for the correct interpretation of coronary arteriographies and in the field of coronary artery surgery. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.