长骨非骨化性纤维瘤的X线及CT表现与病理基础(附17例报告)

目的探讨非骨化性纤维瘤的X线与CT表现及其病理基础相关性。方法回顾性分析17例经手术病理证实的非骨化纤维瘤患者的X线及螺旋CT表现,并将之与手术病理对照研究。结果17例长骨病灶表现为累及骨皮质的偏侧性、膨胀性骨质破坏,其内可见残留的骨嵴;病灶突入髓腔,并与之间以菲薄的骨质。手术直视瘤体为菲薄骨皮质包绕的灰黄色或褐黄色组织,镜下由旋涡样排列的梭形细胞、胶原纤维素构成,其间散在多核巨细胞和泡沫细胞,无成骨组织。结论X线平片及螺旋CT能够细致、准确地反映病理学特征。     

纤维性骨皮质缺损的X线、CT表现和随访研究

目的 研究纤维性骨皮质缺损的X线、CT表现及发病机制和转归。方法 58例全部摄平片，26例行CT扫描，随访2－15年。6例手术病理证实。总结缺损的CT、X线特点，提出病灶愈合的分型。结果 共累及65骨，70个病灶。病灶81．43％（57／70）位于股骨下干骺端，呈凹向骨髓腔的杯口样或碟形缺损，内缘有硬化线，表面无骨壳，部分缺损有纵形骨嵴。18个病灶随访复查消失，根据其表现分为原位骨化型和平复型。3例3个病灶随访增大，手术证实为非骨化性纤维瘤。结论 纤维性骨皮质缺损表面无骨壳，有自愈倾向，亦可长期存在。表现典型及内有骨嵴的缺损未见转化为非骨化性纤维瘤者。     

非骨化性纤维瘤的X线和CT诊断

目的研究非骨化性纤维瘤的X线和CT表现，比较X线和CT对非骨化性纤维瘤的诊断价值。方法回顾分析经手术及病理证实的12例非骨化性纤维瘤的临床及影像学资料，术前12例患者均经X线和CT检查，分析其影像学与病理的相关性。结果肿瘤位于长骨干骺端，股骨4例，胫骨8例。X线和CT分为皮质型和髓腔型，皮质型9例，髓腔型3例。手术证实为非骨化性纤维瘤。结论非骨化性纤维瘤的影像学表现具有一定特征性，X线和CT是诊断非骨化性纤维瘤非常有用的方法。     

非骨化性纤维瘤的影像诊断

目的探讨非骨化性纤维瘤的影像学表现,提高对非骨化性纤维瘤诊断的准确性与鉴别诊断水平。方法回顾性分析27例经手术病理证实的非骨化性纤维瘤患者的临床及影像学资料。其中15例行X线检查,17例行CT检查,19例行MRI检查(5例增强扫描),分析病例性别及年龄、病灶的发生部位、形态学特征、密度及信号特征。结果男性19例,女性8例,年龄4~57岁,平均年龄15.6岁。位于股骨下端12例,胫骨上端4例,胫骨下端3例,腓骨上端3例,肱骨上端3例,2例发生在不规则骨。长骨病灶均位于干骺端,偏于一侧生长,位于皮质或皮质下,病灶长轴与骨干平行。病灶形态呈单房型7例,多房型19例,不规则型1例。25例病灶累及髓腔。24例行X线或CT检查者的病灶均表现为低密度,有薄层硬化边,可伴有轻微膨胀,骨皮质变薄。19例行MRI检查病例中,病灶呈长T1短T2者15例,长T1长T2者3例,短T1长T2者1例,13例压脂T2WI为均匀高或混杂高信号,6例为低信号,5例增强病灶均呈明显强化。结论 X线、CT、MRI在诊断非骨化性纤维瘤方面有特征性的影像学表现,特定的发生年龄、发病部位、影像学表现对非骨化性纤维瘤的诊断具有重要意义。     

非骨化性纤维瘤的X线及CT诊断及鉴别诊断(附29例报告)

目的探讨非骨化性纤维瘤的X线及CT诊断及鉴别诊断。方法对29例经手术病理证实的非骨化性纤维瘤的X线平片及CT表现进行分析,其中男22例,女7例,年龄5~59岁,平均21.3岁。29例均做X线平片检查,12例做CT检查。结果发生于长骨27例,其中位于干骺端17例,骨干2例,骨端8例,另2例发生于不规则骨坐骨、椎体各1例。29例中病灶最大径7cm,最小径0.5 cm。病灶多沿患骨的长轴发展,病变多呈圆形或椭圆形,21例边缘有分叶,26例病灶边缘可见硬化边。X线22例有病灶内分隔,CT观察仅2例可见分隔;骨外形膨大13例;2例合并病理骨折。结论非骨化性纤维瘤X线平片及CT表现具有一定的特征性,绝大多数能术前诊断。     

非骨化性纤维瘤21例X线与CT分析

目的 探讨非骨化性纤维瘤的X线及CT表现特点,提高影像诊断准确率.方法 对经手术病理证实的21例非骨化性纤维瘤的临床和影像学资料进行回顾性分析,21例均做X线平片检查,16例拍切线位片,18例做CT平扫检查.结果 21例患者中位于长管状骨的干骺端19例;其中胫骨12例,股骨6例,肱骨1例.另外2例中1例位于坐骨,1例位于肋骨,病灶呈圆形3例,椭圆形11例,椭圆形伴骨皮质缺损3例,分叶状4例.结论 非骨化性纤维瘤皮质型病变具有明显的影像学特征,X线检查多能明确诊断,对于髓腔型病变,易与其它疾病相混淆,X线检查明确诊断较难,CT对其鉴别诊断意义重大.     

纤维性骨皮质缺损附5例报告

纤维性骨皮质缺损为发生长骨干骺端，主要累及骨皮质的非肿瘤样病变，表现表浅性，界限清晰，当病灶未愈合及骨髓受累海绵质破坏时，就转化为非骨化性纤维瘤，在工作中遇见5例，均发生于儿童。     

非骨化性纤维瘤的X线平片及CT诊断(附14例报告)

目的　分析非骨化性纤维瘤的X线平片及CT表现 ,探讨其诊断价值。方法　 14例中男 11例 ,女 3例 ,年龄 9～ 5 1岁 ,均经手术病理证实 ,有完整的X线、CT资料。结果　 10～ 2 0岁发病最多 (占 64.3% ) ,多发生于膝关节附近、股骨及胫骨干骺区。X线表现分为两型 :皮质型 6例 ,髓腔型 8例。CT特征表现为 :( 1)局部骨皮质破坏 ;( 2 )病灶内细而短的骨嵴 ;( 3)病灶近髓腔侧有细的硬化线。结论　X线平片结合CT检查可提高NOF诊断的准确性     

纤维性骨皮质缺损的X线、CT诊断价值

目的评价纤维性骨皮质缺损的X线与CT诊断价值。方法18例(21个病灶)均有平片资料,其中13例(14个病灶)有CT资料,8例(9个病灶)经随访观察1~3年,2例手术病理证实。重点分析X线、CT特点。结果18例共21个病灶,其中股骨远侧干骺部10个,胫骨近侧干骺部5个,胫骨骨干3个,股骨近侧干骺部2个,肱骨近侧干骺部1个;单发15例,多发3例。X线表现:多呈类圆形或椭圆形的低密度灶,切线位呈杯口状或碟状的骨皮质缺损区,病灶内缘可见硬化边,周围未见骨膜反应及软组织肿胀。14个病灶CT表现:缺损可位于骨皮质表层(11个)或骨皮质内(3个),位于骨皮质表层者缺损表面无骨壳,局限于骨皮质内者缺损表面骨壳可完整;7个病灶凹向髓腔并以硬化边与髓腔分隔,但无膨胀性改变或突入髓腔;灶内为均匀软组织密度,未见钙化灶。9个病灶经随访观察,其中4个病灶无改变,4个病灶稍有缩小,1个病灶发展为非骨化性纤维瘤。结论典型的纤维性骨皮质缺损单凭平片即可诊断,但CT比平片更有价值。     

颅骨少见良性病变的影像诊断分析

【摘要】 目的：探讨CT及MRI对颅骨良性病变的诊断价值。方法：回顾性分析13例以骨质破坏为主的颅骨良性病变的CT及MRI表现,并与其病理表现进行对照分析。结果:13例中骨纤维结构不良6例,主要CT表现为局限性小病灶（5例）多呈磨玻璃密度,弥漫性病灶（1例）可见磨玻璃密度及丝瓜络样改变;主要MRI表现为病灶在T1WI及T2WI上均以低信号为主;骨化性纤维瘤3例,主要CT表现为肿瘤呈膨胀性生长,骨皮质破坏不明显,无骨膜反应;巨细胞修复性肉芽肿2例,主要CT表现为病灶内可见多发骨性分隔,MRI上可见病灶呈多房样改变;胆固醇性肉芽肿1例,在T1WI、T2WI及压脂图像上病灶均呈高信号,有一定特征性;动脉瘤样骨囊肿1例,其特征性影像表现为病灶内可见液 液平面。结论：部分颅骨良性病变具有特征性的影像学表现,CT及MRI检查有助于这类病变的诊断及鉴别诊断。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.