Antioxidant action of soy isoflavones on oxidative stress and antioxidant enzyme activities in exercised rats

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES

Isoflavones are widely believed to be beneficial to human health, in relation to their antioxidant potentials. Exercise can cause an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants. This study was conducted in order to investigate the ability of isoflavones in amelioration of oxidative stress induced by exercise.

MATERIALS/METHODS

Male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to one of four groups: isoflavone-free with no exercise (CON-sd), isoflavone-free with exercise (CON-ex), isoflavone-supplemented with no exercise (ISF-sd), and isoflavone-supplemented with exercise (ISF-ex). Animals exercised on the treadmill for 30 minutes per day, five days per week. TBARS as a marker of oxidative stress and antioxidant enzyme activity, including SOD, GSH-px, and catalase were determined in liver tissue. Serum lipid profile was also examined.

RESULTS

A significant effect of isoflavone alone was observed on abdominal fat pad mass. ISF-ex had significantly less abdominal fat pad than CON-ex. Both exercise and isoflavone treatment had significant effects on lowering plasma triglyceride (TG), thus, the ISF-ex group had a significantly lower TG level than the CON-sd group, by 30.9%. However, no differences were observed in plasma cholesterol, HDL-C, and cholesterol/HDL-C ratio. Exercise, isoflavone, and exercise-isoflavone interaction effects were significant on thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) (P = 0.001, 0.002, and 0.005, respectively). The CON-ex group showed a higher TBARS level than the other three groups. By contrast, in the ISF-ex group, TBARS was restored to the level of the ISF-sd or CON-sd group. Isoflavone had a significant effect on superoxide dismutase (SOD) (P = 0.022) and catalase activities (P = 0.049). Significantly higher SOD and catalase activities were observed in ISF-ex than CON-ex. SOD and catalase activities showed an inverse pattern of TBARS. Taken together, isoflavones increased the activities of SOD and catalase with concomitant decreases in TBARS, indicative of decreased oxidative stress.

CONCLUSIONS

Isoflavone supplementation enhances antioxidant action with attenuation of exercise-induced oxidative stress, as measured by decreases in TBARS, and inhibits body fat accumulation and plasma TG increase. Antioxidative effects ascribed to isoflavones may be partially exerted via enhancement of antioxidant enzyme activities.     

Hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities of grapeseeds against ethanol-induced oxidative stress in rats

The present study was carried out to evaluate the hepatoprotective effect and antioxidant role of grape (Vitis vinifera L.) seeds (GS) against ethanol-induced oxidative stress. The hepatoprotective and antioxidant roles of the GS supplementation feed against ethanol-induced oxidative stress were evaluated by measuring liver damage serum marker enzymes, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase and lactate dehydrogenase, antioxidant defence system such as GSH, glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione S-transferase and glutathione peroxidase and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in various tissues of rats. Rats were divided into four experimental groups: I (control), II (20?% ethanol), III (15?% GS) and IV (20?% ethanol+15?% GS). According to the results, the level of serum marker enzymes was significantly increased in group II as compared to that of group I, but decreased in group IV as compared to that of group II. Also, administration of GS-supplemented food restored the ethanol-induced MDA, which was increased near the control level. The results indicated that GS could be as important as diet-derived antioxidants in preventing oxidative damage in the tissues by reducing the lipid oxidation or inhibiting the production of ethanol-induced free radicals in rats.     

Protective effect of Garcinia against renal oxidative stress and biomarkers induced by high fat and sucrose diet

Background

Obesity became major health problem in the world, the objective of this work was to examine the effect of high sucrose and high fat diet to induce obesity on antioxidant defense system, biochemical changes in blood and tissue of control, non treated and treated groups by administration of Garcinia cambogia, and explore the mechanisms that link obesity with altered renal function

Methods

Rats were fed a standard control diet for 12 week (wk) or a diet containing 65% high sucrose (HSD) or 35% fat (HFD) for 8 wk and then HFD group divided into two groups for the following 4 wks. One group was given Garcinia+HFD, the second only high fat, Also the HSD divided into two groups, 1^st HSD+Garcinia and 2^nd HSD. Blood and renal, mesenteric, Perirenal and epididymal adipose tissues were collected for biochemical assays.

Results

HFD and HSD groups of rats showed a significant increase in feed intake, Body weight (BW) and body mass index (BMI). Also there were significant increases in weights of mesenteric, Perirenal and epididymal adipose tissues in HFD and HSD groups.HFD and HSD affect the kidney by increasing serum urea and creatinine levels and decreased level of nitric oxide (NO) and increased blood glucose, low density lipoproteins (LDL), triacylglycerol (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and malondialdehyde (MDA). Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) activities were significantly decreased in HFD while there were significant increases in HSD and HSD+G groups p ≤ 0.05 compared with control. Moreover, renal catalase activities and MDA levels were significantly increased while NO level was lowered. These changes improved by Garcinia that decreased the oxidative stress biomarkers and increased NO level.There were significant positive correlations among BMI, kidney functions (Creatinine and urea), TG and Oxidative markers (renal MDA and catalase).

Conclusions

Rats fed a diet with HFD or HSD showed, hypertriglyceridemia, increased LDL production, increased oxidative stress and renal alteration. Moreover, suggesting association between lipid peroxidation, obesity and nephropathy, while Garcinia ameliorated the damaging effects of the HFD or HSD and decreased feed intake, MDA level and decreased oxidative stress in renal tissues.

     

番茄红素对镉损伤大鼠氧化应激的影响

目的:观察番茄红素(lycopene,LP)对镉(Cd)损伤大鼠氧化应激的影响。方法:大鼠饲喂氯化镉(Cd-Cl2)和番茄红素,4周后处死,测定血清和肝匀浆的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH—Px)活力、丙二醛(MDA)及还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量。结果:与镉损伤组相比,番茄红素组的大鼠血清和肝组织的SOD活性、GSH—Px活力上升,MDA含量降低,在统计学上差异有显著性(P<0.05)。番茄红素可以拮抗镉的毒性,提高大鼠机体的抗氧化能力,抑制镉中毒所致的氧化应激。     

Hyperhomocysteinaemia induced by dietary folate restriction causes kidney oxidative stress in rats

Diet is the most common cause of mild hyperhomocysteinaemia (HHcy), which occurs in approximately 5-7 % of the general population. Since HHcy causes endothelial damage by oxidative stress in different organs, the present study was designed to examine whether HHcy might be involved in renal oxidative stress. Twenty-five male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups: one (n 13) was fed ad libitum a folate-free diet (FF) and the other (n 12) was fed the same diet supplemented with folic acid (control, CO). After 8 weeks the animals were killed and kidneys removed. Malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities were measured in plasma and kidney homogenates. Renal tissue sections were analysed by indirect immunostaining with the primary antibody against oxidatively modified LDL receptor (LOX-1). A marked HHcy was confirmed in the FF group. As compared with CO animals, MDA levels in plasma and kidney homogenate were significantly higher in FF rats (P < 0.05). Similarly, renal GPx and SOD activities were significantly higher in the FF group (P < 0.001). No differences were found in LOX-1 immunohistochemical expression, which in the two groups was displayed in tubular cells. The present study provides evidence that HHcy does produce renal oxidative stress mediated by lipid peroxidation, and that the increased kidney MDA displayed by FF animals may enhance kidney antioxidant activity and thereby attenuate both kidney damage and expression of LOX-1.     

牛磺酸对镧致仔鼠脑氧化损伤的改善作用研究

目的 观察牛磺酸对镧致仔鼠脑氧化损伤的改善作用。方法 Wistar 孕鼠 40 只,建立仔鼠 0.5%LaCl3 水溶液镧暴露模型,于仔鼠生后49d随机分为阴性对照组、阳性对照组、低、中、高牛磺酸干预组,每组8只。阴性、阳性对照组用1.0ml/d蒸馏水灌胃,低、中、高牛磺酸干预组分别用200mg、400mg、800mg牛磺酸/kg·d灌胃,共计4w。采用Morris水迷宫评价仔鼠学习记忆能力,生化分析法测量仔鼠大脑皮质、海马谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量及过氧化氢酶(CAT)活力的表达水平。结果 Morris水迷宫中,染镧组仔鼠进入平台次数减少,出现学习记忆损伤,经牛磺酸干预后,仔鼠穿越隐蔽平台次数增加,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.001)。染镧组仔鼠大脑皮质和海马的GSH 含量、CAT 活力均降低,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。干预后,各牛磺酸干预组仔鼠海马GSH 含量、CAT 活力均高于阳性对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论 牛磺酸能增加脑部抗氧化能力,对染镧仔鼠脑组织的氧化损伤具有改善作用,进而提高仔鼠学习记忆能力。     

锌对SiO_2致大鼠肺泡巨噬细胞氧化损伤的保护作用

目的　观察锌对SiO2 致肺泡巨噬细胞 (alveolarmacrophages ,AMs)产生氧自由基的动态变化和超微结构、膜酶的影响。方法　对AMs产生的O 2 和H2 O2 进行原位显示、定量测定并做相关趋势分析 ;以ATPase作为膜功能酶改变的反映 ;在亚细胞水平观察细胞形态结构。结果　与单纯SiO2 组比较 ,锌保护组AMsO 2 和H2 O2 反应强度降低 ,超微结构及膜酶损伤减弱。结论　锌能减弱SiO2 致AMs氧自由基的反应强度 ,降低超微结构和膜酶的损伤 ,保护AMs。其作用机制可能与锌增强AMs抗氧化作用有关 ,给临床用药提供了理论指导。     

锌对乙醇长期摄入致大鼠睾丸损伤保护作用

目的观察锌对乙醇长期摄入所致大鼠睾丸损伤的保护作用机制。方法30只健康雄性成年SD大鼠随机分为对照组、乙醇组、乙醇+葡萄糖酸锌组,各组每日分别灌胃0,7.5g/kg乙醇、7.5g/kg乙醇+7.7mg/kg葡萄糖酸锌,连续13周后检测精子计数、活动率、精子畸形率,血清睾酮;光、电镜观察睾丸的形态改变,同时测定睾丸线粒体中丙二醛(MDA)的产生量,免疫组织化学法和蛋白印迹(western-blot)检测睾丸组织中诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)的表达。结果与对照组(38.0±7.9)×10⁶/mL比较,乙醇组精子计数为(8.2±5.1)×10⁶/mL,减少了78%(P<0.05),精子活动率下降了71%(P<0.05),精子畸形率明显升高(P<0.05),血清睾酮水平明显降低(P<0.05);睾丸生精上皮结构破坏,支持细胞和各级生精细胞均有退化变性;睾丸生精细胞iNOS表达明显增强(P<0.05);睾丸线粒体丙二醛含量明显升高。乙醇+葡萄糖酸锌组较单纯乙醇组精子计数、精子活动率上升,生精细胞退化变性程度减轻,睾丸生精细胞iNOS表达减弱(P<0.05),睾丸线粒体MDA减少,但血清睾酮仍低于对照组。结论长期摄入乙醇会抑制精子生成和睾酮合成,补充锌可以抑制乙醇引起的睾丸过氧化损伤,保护睾丸的生精功能。     

锌对SiO2致大鼠肺泡巨噬细胞氧化损伤的保护作用

目的 观察锌对SiO2致肺泡巨噬细胞（alveolar macrophages,AMs）产生氧自由基的动态变化和超微结构、膜酶的影响。方法 对AMs产生的O2^-和H2O2进行原位显示、定量测定并做相关趋势分析;以ATPase作为膜功能酶改变的反映;在亚细胞水平观察细胞形态结构。结果 与单纯SiO2组比较,锌保护组AMs O2^-和H2O2反应强度降低,超微结构及膜酶损伤减弱。结论 锌能减弱SiO2致AMs氧自由基的反应强度,降低超微结构和膜酶的损伤,保护AMs。其作用机制可能与锌增强AMs抗氧化作用有关,给临床用药提供了理论指导。     

叶黄素对D-半乳糖致小鼠氧化损伤的保护作用

目的研究不同剂量叶黄素对D-半乳糖(D-gal)小鼠氧化应激损伤的影响。方法44只昆明种小鼠随机分为D-gal模型对照组、叶黄素低剂量组、叶黄素高剂量组和正常对照组。D-gal120 mg/(kg.d)腹腔注射制作小鼠氧化应激模型,叶黄素低、高剂量组分别灌胃给予叶黄素10 mg/(kg.d)、40 mg/(kg.d),持续6周。检测小鼠肝组织活性氧(ROS)、丙二醛(MDA)、一氧化氮(NO)含量,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、总一氧化氮合酶(TNOS)、诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)、线粒体ATP酶(ATPase)活性和血清ALT、AST水平。结果叶黄素各剂量组小鼠肝组织MDA、ROS含量低于模型对照组;高剂量组SOD活性高于模型对照组,TNOS、iNOS活性低于模型组,肝线粒体Na+-K+-ATP酶活性高于模型组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论叶黄素可降低D-gal致氧化应激小鼠体内ROS和NOS活性,提高SOD和线粒体Na+-K+-ATP酶活性,从而缓解氧化应激损伤。     

The influence of moderate red wine consumption on antioxidant status and indices of oxidative stress associated with CHD in healthy volunteers

The effects of moderate red wine consumption on the antioxidant status and indices of lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress associated with CHD were investigated. A randomised, controlled study was performed with twenty free-living healthy volunteers. Subjects in the red wine group consumed 375 ml red wine daily for 2 weeks. We measured the total concentration of phenolics and analysed the individual phenolics in the wine and plasma by HPLC with tandem MS. The antioxidant capacity of plasma was measured with electron spin resonance spectroscopy while homocysteine and fasting plasma lipids were also determined. The production of conjugated dienes and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) were measured in Cu-oxidised LDL. Plasma total phenolic concentrations increased significantly after 2 weeks of daily red wine consumption (P< or =0.001) and trace levels of metabolites, mainly glucuronides and methyl glucuronides of (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin, were detected in the plasma of the red wine group. These flavan-3-ol metabolites were not detected in plasma from the control group. The maximum concentrations of conjugated dienes and TBARS in Cu-oxidised LDL were reduced (P< or =0.05) and HDL cholesterol concentrations increased (P< or =0.05) following red wine consumption. The findings from the present study provide some evidence for potential protective effects of moderate consumption of red wine in healthy volunteers.     

The effect of heparegen on antioxidant enzyme activities in ethanol-induced liver injury in rats.

SOD, CAT, GSH-Px, and sulfhydryl compounds MDA contents in liver of rats treated with heparegen for 7, 14, and 21 days after alcoholic liver injury have been investigated. After use of this drug, we found beneficial effects on GSH-Px activity, sulfhydryl compounds (total and nonprotein), and MDA content and a partially beneficial effect on SOD and CAT activities. These enzyme activities after 21 days of drug administration were restored. Furthermore, heparegen shortens the time necessary for the return of AIAT and GGTP to normal value. This enzymatic data are supported by histological studies in light microscopy.     

左旋肉碱对顺铂损伤大鼠肾的保护作用

目的:观察左旋肉碱(LC)对顺铂损伤大鼠肾的影响.方法:36只成年雌性Wistar大鼠随机分为正常对照组(Control组)、化疗模型组(DDP组)和干预组(LC DDP组).Control组和DDP组给予常规饲料,LC DDP组给予常规饲料 1%LC,喂饲7天后,DDP组和LC DDP组腹腔内注射顺铂5 mg/kg,Control组腹腔内注射等渗盐水.4天后取标本,测血清肌酐(Cr)、尿素氮(BUN)、肾组织丙二醛(MDA)和谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量,并观察肾的形态结构改变.结果:LC DDP组与DDP组相比,血清Cr、BUN降低,肾组织MDA含量下降,GSH含量升高,差异显著(P＜0.05)或非常显著(P＜0.01);病理切片显示肾结构较DDP组有明显改善.结论:预防性喂饲LC能对顺铂损伤大鼠肾产生一定的保护作用.     

褪黑素对溴氰菊酯致大鼠脑组织氧化损伤的保护作用

目的探讨褪黑素(melatonin,MT)对溴氰菊酯(deltamethrin,DM)诱发大鼠大脑皮层、海马、小脑组织氧化性损伤的保护作用。方法35只Wistar雄性大鼠按体重随机分为5组:橄榄油对照组(1 ml/kg橄榄油)、MT对照组(25.0 mg/kg MT)、DM组(12.5 mg/kg DM)、MT1组(25.0 mg/kg MT 12.5 mg/kg DM)、MT2组(2.5 mg/kg MT 12.5 mg/kg DM)。每组7只,每组连续5 d腹腔注射相应剂量药物。第5天给药后4 h,每组大鼠分别断头处死,Spectramx M2多模式全能酶标仪比色测定大鼠大脑皮层、海马、小脑组织匀浆上清中丙二醛(MDA)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活力。结果与橄榄油对照组相比,DM组大脑皮层、海马、小脑组织MDA含量分别上升28.10%、39.25%、56.39%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),大脑皮层、海马组织GSH-Px活力分别下降24.08%、45.01%,小脑组织CAT活力降低27.83%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与DM组相比,MT1组大脑皮层、海马、小脑组织的MDA含量分别下降31.12%、41.49%、32.69%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);MT1组大脑皮层的GSH含量、CAT、GSH-Px活力分别升高了48.33%、36.11%、56.59%,MT1组海马组织的GSH含量、CAT、GSH-Px活力分别升高了64.51%、30.32%、79.35%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);MT2组大脑皮层、海马MDA含量分别下降了22.96%、25.00%,MT2组海马组织的GSH-Px活力升高了123.33%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论DM能诱发大鼠脑组织的氧化损伤,MT对DM引起的大鼠脑组织的氧化损伤有预防作用。     

魔芋复方调控高脂饮食诱导肥胖大鼠脂质代谢及氧化应激作用研究

目的 研究魔芋复方对肥胖大鼠脂质代谢及氧化应激的影响,探究其调节脂质代谢及氧化应激的作用机制。 方法 以SD大鼠为研究对象建立肥胖模型,将大鼠分为模型组和不同剂量魔芋复方给药组。干预6周后检测大鼠血脂、脂肪因子和抗氧化物指标。 结果 实验6周后各组大鼠间体质量、脂/体比差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05或P<0.01）,魔芋复方低、中、高剂量给药组体质量和脂/体比均随着剂量升高而下降,魔芋复方高剂量给药组血清甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、血糖水平以及中剂量给药组血清TG、血糖水平显著降低（P<0.05或P<0.01）。魔芋复方低、中、高剂量给药组随剂量提高HDL-C上升。瘦素、脂联素、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、丙二醛（MDA）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-PX）在各组间差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05或P<0.01）,魔芋复方低、中、高剂量给药组随剂量提高血清瘦素、MDA水平下降,脂联素、SOD、GSH-PX水平上升。 结论 魔芋复方可有效改善肥胖大鼠血脂紊乱,降脂减重,有效抑制肥胖过程中的氧化应激反应,起到预防和治疗肥胖的作用。     

High-fructose feeding of streptozotocin-diabetic rats is associated with increased cataract formation and increased oxidative stress in the kidney

We examined the effects of high-fructose (FR) feeding on the development of diabetic complications in the lens and the kidney of streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats. Male Wistar Furth rats were treated with one of two doses of STZ (HIGH STZ, 55 mg/kg body weight; MOD STZ, 35 mg/kg body weight) or vehicle alone (SHAM) and were then assigned to a control (CNTL) or 400 g FR/kg diet for 12 weeks. At the end of the study, body weight, plasma glucose and insulin concentrations differed among STZ groups (HIGH v. MOD v. SHAM, P < 0.001) but did not differ due to diet. Plasma FR concentrations were significantly higher in FR-fed v. CNTL-fed groups (P < 0.0001) and in HIGH-STZ groups v. MOD-STZ and SHAM groups (P < 0.0004 and P < 0.0001 respectively). Focal length variability of the lens, a quantitative measure of cataract formation, was increased in the HIGH STZ, FR group compared with the HIGH STZ, CNTL group (P < 0.01). The concentration of H2O2 in kidney microsomes was significantly higher in HIGH STZ, FR rats v. HIGH STZ, CNTL rats (P < 0.01). Micro-albuminuria was not observed in any of the groups examined, and there was no evidence of extensive histological damage in the kidney from any rats. Under conditions of severe hyperglycaemia, high FR intake promotes the development of cataracts in the lens of the eye, and results in increased concentrations of substances indicative of oxidative stress in the kidney. Although FR has been suggested as a carbohydrate source for diabetics, a high FR diet coupled with hyperglycaemia produces effects that may promote some of the complications associated with diabetes.     

Protective effect of Cymbopogon citratus on hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in the reproductive system of male rats

Cymbopogon citratus (C. citratus) has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and chemoprotective properties. This study was conducted to evaluate the protective effect of C. citratus aqueous extract against hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂)–induced oxidative stress and injury in the reproductive system of male rats. The twenty-five rats used in this study were divided into five groups, comprised of five rats each. The control group received standard food and drink. The H₂O₂ group received standard food and water with 0.5% H₂O₂. The rats in the H₂O₂?+?C. citratus group and H₂O₂?+?vitamin E group received standard food, H₂O_2, and C. citratus [100?mg·kg^?1 body weight (bw)], or vitamin E as an antioxidant reference (500?mg·kg^?1 bw), respectively. The C. citratus group was given C. citratus (100?mg·kg^?1 bw) in addition to the standard food and drink. The treatments were administered for 30 days. The H₂O₂ treatment significantly (P?<?0.05) decreased body, testicular, and epididymal weight, as well as glutathione (GSH) level, but markedly increased malonaldehyde (MDA) in serum and testes homogenates. The rats treated with H₂O₂ exhibited testicular degeneration and significant reduction in sperm viability, motility, count, and rate of normal sperm. The C. citratus, vitamin E, and H₂O₂ treatment significantly (P?<?0.05) increased the body, testicular, and epididymal weight, testosterone level, the values of the various sperm characteristics, and GSH. However, this treatment markedly reduced MDA in serum and testes homogenates, as well as testicular histopathological alterations in the H₂O₂-treated rats. The C. citratus aqueous extract reduced oxidative stress and protected male rats against H₂O₂-induced reproductive system injury.     

纳米氧化铝致ICR小鼠脑氧化应激水平的改变

目的 探讨纳米氧化铝颗粒致小鼠脑氧化应激损伤效应.方法 选取健康成年雄性ICR小鼠60只,按体重随机分为6组:空白对照组(未做任何处理,同等条件饲养)、溶剂对照组(每日鼻腔滴注生理盐水)、微米氧化铝组(给予100 mg/kg微米氧化铝)及纳米氧化铝低、中、高剂量组(分别为给予50、100、200mg/kg纳米氧化铝),每组10只.不同剂量的纳米氧化铝经鼻腔滴注染毒30 d.测定脑组织中丙二醛(MDA)、还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活力.结果 与空白对照组[(17.32±6.23)U/gHb]相比,纳米氧化铝低剂量组小鼠脑组织中SOD活力[(17.89±1.82)U/gHb]有增加的趋势,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);纳米氧化铝中、高剂量组小鼠SOD活力[分别为(14.23±2.21)、(4.93±2.30)U/gHb]下降,但只有高剂量组的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).与空白对照组[(0.24±0.09)nmol/ml]相比,纳米氧化铝低、中、高剂量组小鼠脑组织中MDA含量[分别为(0.76±0.13)、(1.00±0.30)、(1.16±0.39)nmol]ml]均明显增加,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).与空白对照组[(1.55±0.34)mg/gpro]相比,纳米氧化铝低、中、高剂量组小鼠脑组织中GSH含量[分别为(0.72±0.08)、(0.55±0.19)、(0.61±0.20)mg/gpro]均明显降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).但各组小鼠GSH-Px活力间的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).与空白对照组[(5.79±0.96)U/mgpro]相比,纳米氧化铝低、中剂量组小鼠脑组织中CAT活力[分别为(10.40±3.84)、(10.40±2.00)U/mgpro]升高,高剂量组[(3.25±1.04)U/mgpro]CAT活力下降差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 纳米氧化铝可以导致ICR小鼠脑组织的氧化应激损伤.     

番茄红素对铁负荷大鼠抗氧化功能影响

目的探讨番茄红素对铁负荷大鼠抗氧化功能保护作用。方法36只SD大鼠按体重随机分为空白对照、铁负荷、番茄红素、番茄红素高、中、低剂量干预6组,每组6只,持续饲喂6周后,取血和肝、肾、脾、心和结肠组织测定铁含量,总铁结合力;测定血清和组织中丙二醛(MDA)、总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)及谷胱甘肽-S转移酶(GST)活性。结果高剂量番茄红素干预组大鼠血清、肝、脾、心脏和结肠组织中铁含量分别为(19.06±2.1)μmol/L、(25.67±2.7)μg/g、(38.30±4.8)μg/g、(17.30±2.6)μg/g和(12.08±2.9)μg/g,与铁负荷组比较,高剂量番茄红素干预组大鼠组织中铁含量明显下降,血清总铁结合力明显增加,MDA含量明显下降,T-SOD活性明显上升,血清、心脏、肝和结肠CAT、GST活性明显上升(P<0.05)。结论番茄红素能有效清除体内自由基,增强机体抗氧化能力。     

Acute intake of red wine does not affect antioxidant enzymes activities in human subjects

The purpose of this work was to test if the acute intake of red wine has an effect on the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Eight healthy, non-alcoholic, non-smoking human volunteers took part in the study. Ethical approval for the study was obtained from the Ethical Research Committee of the University Hospital Virgen Macarena from Seville. Each subject fasted 12-14 hours before the experiment started. Volunteers were asked to consume 300 mL of red wine in 5 minutes. Venous blood sample was obtained by antecubital venipuncture, with heparin vacutainer. Blood extraction was performed before wine ingestion (baseline value) and 30, 55, and 120 minutes after wine intake. Blood samples were immediately centrifuged at 12,000 x g for 3 minutes, avoiding unnecessary exposure to light. Antioxidant enzymes under study were: superoxide dismutase in erythrocytes, glutathione peroxidase in whole blood, and glutathione reductase in plasma. Determinations were performed spectrophotometrically with commercial available enzymatic kits. No statistically significant changes were observed on the activities of the enzymes superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase assayed at any of the times after wine intake. The intake of red wine did not modify the short-term activity of antioxidant enzymes.