颈动脉病变与前循环梗死亚型关系

目的研究颈动脉病变与前循环梗死亚型之间的关系。方法采用彩色多普勒超声对116例颈内动脉系统脑梗死患者双侧颈总及颈内动脉进行探查,观察颈动脉病变特点,分析不同类型粥样斑块与脑梗死亚型的相关性。结果①68·2%的脑梗死患者存在不同程度的颈动脉病变,69·8%的患者颈动脉轻度狭窄;②左侧半球梗死的患者其同侧颈动脉粥样斑块数量远大于对侧,右侧半球梗死的患者其同侧斑块数量也大于对侧(P<0·005),同时随着颈部病变血管和斑块数量增加,颅内病变范围及程度也增加(P<0·005);③皮质支及动脉主干型脑梗死患者中不稳定性斑块35例,稳定性斑块9例;中央支梗死、分水岭区梗死及白质损害患者中不稳定性斑块分别为5例、4例、9例,稳定性斑块为17例、7例、20例。结论①颈内动脉系统病变与前循环梗死相关,同时颈动脉狭窄程度并不是前循环梗死唯一相关因素,颈动脉粥样斑块性质可能与其密切相关;②颈动脉病变与颅内病灶存在对应关系,同时颈动脉粥样硬化的程度和范围与脑梗死的程度相关,而且Willis环不仅对脑血流供应起调节和代偿作用,同时也促使微血栓向对侧及其他血管转移;③不稳定性斑块与皮质支脑梗死及动脉主干型脑梗死相关而稳定性斑块则与中央支脑梗死、分水岭区梗死及弥漫白质损害相关。     

CTA评估分水岭脑梗死患者侧枝循环的初步研究

目的初步探讨侧枝代偿在分水岭脑梗死(CWI)发病中的作用。方法应用CT血管成像(CTA)技术,回顾性分析于我院住院治疗的139例分水岭脑梗死(包括皮质型、内侧型及混合型)患者的颅内动脉,比较各组患者相关血管病变及侧枝代偿情况。结果 (1)CTA显示110例患者存在颈动脉系统病变,其中49例为颈内动脉(ICA)狭窄/闭塞,61例为大脑中动脉(MCA)狭窄/闭塞;(2)在内侧型分水岭梗死(IWI)患者中,存在MCA狭窄/闭塞者(46例)高于ICA狭窄/闭塞(31例)和无明显狭窄(16例),差异有统计学意义(P=0.000);(3)ICA狭窄/闭塞时,前交通动脉(ACOA)未开放者在IWI患者所占比例(25/31例)明显多于皮质型分水岭梗死患者(5/11例)和混合型分水岭梗死患者(3/7例),差别有统计学意义(P=0.033);(4)MCA狭窄/闭塞时,软脑膜侧枝代偿较差者在皮质型分水岭梗死患者所占比例(6/9例)明显多于IWI患者(11/46例)和混合型分水岭梗死患者(1/6例),差别有统计学意义(P=0.028)。结论颈动脉系统病变所致的IWI受MCA的狭窄/闭塞影响程度更大;ICA狭窄/闭塞所致IWI梗死与ACOA缺乏或发育不良有关,ACOA的存在可以明显减少IWI发生;MCA病变时软脑膜代偿的出现可增加受累皮质的血供,软脑膜侧枝代偿较差可促进皮质型分水岭脑梗死的发生。     

单侧颈动脉闭塞脑梗死和侧支代偿情况分析

目的 通过计算机断层扫描（computer tomography,CT）和磁共振成像（magnetic resonance imaging,MRI）研究闭塞颈动脉同侧半球的梗死情况,分析不同侧支的代偿能力,增进我们对梗死机制的理解。方法 颈部血管彩色超声证实的43例单侧颈动脉闭塞患者,将颈动脉闭塞同侧的大脑半球分为大脑中动脉皮层区域、前皮层分水岭区域、后皮层分水岭区域、内分水岭区域、穿支动脉供血区域,比较各个解剖区域发生梗死情况,并分析侧支代偿种类和不同解剖部位梗死的关系。结果 颈动脉闭塞时,内分水岭区发生梗死最多见19例（44.2%）,8例前皮层分水岭梗死有6例伴有内分水岭区梗死。后交通动脉（posterior communicating artery,PCoA）出现是减少内分水岭区梗死的保护性因素[比值比（odd ratio,OR）为0.226,95%可信区间（confidence interval,CI）在0.058～0.833间,P =0.027]。结论 颈动脉闭塞时,内分水岭区发生梗死最多见,提示内分水岭区是对血流下降最敏感的区域。PCoA开放能够减少内分水岭区梗死。     

640层螺旋CT头颈部CTA对脑梗死患者的诊断价值

目的探讨640层螺旋CT头颈部CTA对脑梗死患者的诊断价值。方法对我院2013-01—2015-01入院检查的130例脑梗死患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,所有患者均行头颈部CTA检查,观察颈动脉斑块的分布与性质,以及脑血管狭窄、闭塞情况与责任血管等情况。结果 130例脑梗死患者中,检出颈动脉斑块121例(93.08%),检出斑块284个,其中非钙化斑块占45.07%(128/284)。CTA检查显示,有脑血管狭窄或闭塞102例(78.46%),正常28例,其中轻度狭窄30例(29.41%),中度狭窄35例(34.31%),重度狭窄20例(19.67%),闭塞17例(16.67%);共检出颈动脉狭窄或闭塞160支,其中轻中度狭窄占70%(112/160),重度狭窄及闭塞占30%(48/160);单纯颅内动脉狭窄或闭塞32例(31.37%),单纯颅外动脉狭窄或闭塞6例(5.88%),颅内外动脉均有狭窄或闭塞64例(62.74%)。在脑血管狭窄或闭塞的患者中,可判断责任血管78例(76.47%),单纯颅内动脉狭窄或闭塞22例(28.21%),单纯颅外动脉狭窄或闭塞4例(5.13%),颅内外动脉均有狭窄或闭塞52例(66.67%)。结论对脑梗死患者行头颈部CTA检查,可有效检出颈动脉斑块情况及其性质,判定脑血管的狭窄程度,以及责任血管情况,对脑梗死患者的病因诊断、治疗和预后有重要意义。     

临床颈动脉系统TIA患者的脑血管造影分析

目的:以数字减影脑血管造影为手段,分析颈动脉系统TIA患者脑供血动脉狭窄或闭塞的分布、程度以及侧枝循环建立情况。方法:颈动脉系统TIA患者70例均行脑血管造影检查,包括主动脉弓上造影及至少双侧颈总及锁骨下动脉四根血管造影。明确有无脑供血动脉的狭窄、狭窄的位置、程度及侧枝循环情况。结果:62例患者存在脑供血动脉狭窄或闭塞,共检出病变132处,轻度狭窄40处(30.3%),中度狭窄34处(25.8%),重度39处(29.5%),闭塞19处(14.4%)。可判断责任血管者58例(85.0%):单纯前循环45例,前后循环联合病变有13例。以颈内动脉狭窄80处为对象,研究颈内动脉狭窄或闭塞的侧枝循环情况。汇总邻近可能引起同一侧枝循环通路的病变,共分析病变58处,发现合并侧枝的病变有23处,有侧支数量36处。各种侧支循环中,Willis环出现频度最高,包括前交通代偿13处和后交通代偿5处。其次为软膜血管代偿13处。结论:颈动脉系统TIA患者,颅外血管病变多于颅内血管病变。责任血管不单纯是在前循环,还可以是前后循环联合病变。颈内动脉狭窄或闭塞最常见的侧枝循环是Wlliis环和软脑膜血管,严重的脑供血动脉狭窄更易引发侧枝循环建立。     

颈动脉系统短暂性脑缺血发作与颅内外动脉狭窄的相关性研究

目的探讨颈动脉系统短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)与颅内外动脉狭窄的关系,评价数字减影血管造影(DSA)在颈动脉系统TIA中的诊断价值。方法对70例颈动脉系统TIA患者进行DSA检查,观察血管病变的性质,判断责任动脉。结果 70例患者中检出血管狭窄或闭塞59例(84.3%),其中症状相关侧血管狭窄或闭塞51例,症状相关侧对侧8例;颅内动脉狭窄发生率为86.9%(73/84),颅外动脉狭窄发生率为13.1%(11/84);56例(94.9%)可以判断责任动脉。结论颅内外动脉狭窄是颈动脉系统TIA的重要原因,DSA可以明确TIA患者血管狭窄的部位、程度、性质。     

颈动脉重度狭窄或闭塞导致脑梗死发病机制的研究

目的探讨重度颈动脉颅外段(ICA)狭窄或闭塞患者急性脑梗死的发病机制。方法采用CDFI或TCD筛选75例颈动脉颅外段重度狭窄或闭塞导致的急性脑梗死患者,利用TCD检测脑梗死患者颅内血液动力学变化,采用乳胶增强免疫比浊法测量hs-CRP水平,根据MRI定位对脑梗死模式进行分类,分析颈动脉颅外段重度狭窄或闭塞与脑梗死模式的关系;分析血清hs-CRP水平与颈动脉不稳定斑块及脑梗死模式之间的相关性。结果 (1)区域梗死(Ⅰ型)和分水岭梗死(Ⅴ型)发生率较高,颈动脉颅外段重度狭窄或闭塞与脑梗死模式有关(P0.01)。(2)不稳定斑块组hs-CRP水平明显高于稳定斑块组(P0.01),hs-CRP水平与脑梗死模式之间无相关性(P0.05)。结论 (1)重度颈动脉颅外段狭窄的程度能影响脑梗死的模式,是急性脑梗死主要病因之一。(2)血清hs-CRP升高与脑梗死关系密切,是脑梗死的致病因子。     

急性分水岭区脑梗死-凸面蛛网膜下腔出血三例

目的探讨颈动脉颅内或颅外段狭窄或闭塞导致后分水岭区凸面蛛网膜下腔出血(cSAH)与前循环急性脑梗死(ACI)的发病机制、影像学特征及治疗,以提高对该类型卒中的认识。方法报道3例颈动脉颅内或颅外段狭窄或闭塞导致cSAH患者的临床表现、CT和MRI所见及治疗。结果 3例患者临床表现以局灶性神经功能损害为主,且均存在动脉粥样硬化的危险因素,头颅CT显示病变对侧大脑皮质沟高密度影,并出现新发梗死灶。MRA证实例1病变侧颈动脉颅内及颅外段狭窄,例2病变侧大脑中动脉闭塞,例3病变侧颈动脉颅内段狭窄。结论颈动脉颅内或颅外段狭窄或闭塞导致的急性分水岭区ACI可以cSAH为首发表现。     

前、后循环脑梗死患者的颈动脉超声对照研究

目的通过对前循环及后循环脑梗死患者颈总动脉、颈内动脉及无名动脉分叉处的超声比较,探讨颈动脉及无名动脉病变与脑梗死部位的关系。方法利用彩超及B-flow技术对88例后循环梗死及109例前循环梗死病人进行检测,比较2组动脉硬化斑块的位置、性质及血管有无重度病变。结果 2组患者斑块（包括稳定性斑块及不稳定斑块）不同部位的发生率比较差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;前循环梗死组不同部位不稳定斑块的发生率比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。而后循环梗死组不同部位不稳定斑块的发生率比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;2组血管重度病变比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论不稳定性斑块尤其是颈动脉及无名动脉均存在不稳定斑块,更易导致前循环梗死,动脉重度病变是导致脑梗死的重要危险因素。     

大脑中动脉重度狭窄或闭塞患者脑梗死病灶类型与CT灌注成像分析

目的比较大脑中动脉(MCA)重度狭窄或闭塞患者不同脑梗死病灶类型的灌注状态。方法对89例MCA严重狭窄或闭塞患者进行头颅320排CTA+CT灌注成像检查,比较不同梗死病灶类型患者MCA闭塞率、侧支循环程度、MCA供血区灌注情况。结果 89例患者中,穿支动脉梗死(PAI)8例(9.0%)、皮质分支动脉梗死(PI)7例(7.9%)、大面积梗死(LTI)7例(7.9%)、分水岭梗死(BZI)43例(48.3%)、多发性脑梗死(MI)13例(14.6%)、无梗死灶11例(12.4%);不同类型梗死灶间MCA M1段病变、血管闭塞及不良侧支循环比率差异无统计学意义(均P0.05)。不同类型梗死灶局部脑血流量(rCBF)患健比、达峰时间(TTP)患健比差异有统计学意义(均P0.05)。BZI组rCBF患健比显著高于LTI组与无梗死灶组(均P0.05);LTI组及BZI组TTP患健比显著高于无梗死灶组及PAI组(均P0.05),MI组TTP患健比较无梗死灶组升高(P0.05)。LTI组MCA供血区低灌注发生率显著高于无梗死灶组(P0.05)。不同亚型BZI组间低灌注异常及不良侧支循环率差异有统计学意义(均P0.05),各灌注参数、MCA M1段病变及闭塞比率差异无统计学意义(均P0.05)。结论 LTI为失代偿期表现,低灌注发生率最高,其余类型为代偿期表现。皮质下型分水岭梗死较其他亚型侧支循环差,低灌注发生率更高,与血流动力学受损为主要病因的观点相符。MCA重度狭窄或闭塞患者脑梗死病灶类型以BZI为主。     

Clustering of risk factors increases the incidence of echolucent carotid plaque in stroke patients

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of clusters of risk factors on the incidence of echolucent carotid plaque in stroke patients. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 413 stroke patients who had undergone carotid ultrasonography was performed. High-resolution B-mode ultrasonography was used to evaluate the characteristics of carotid plaque. We investigated the relationships between the incidence of echolucent carotid plaque and clustering of risk factors (hypertension, diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidemia) and stroke subtypes and transient ischemic attack (TIA). RESULTS: Echolucent plaques were present in 10.5% of patients free of risk factors, in 18.8% with a single risk factor (NS), in 27.7% with two risk factors (p <0.01) and in 50.0% with three risk factors (p <0.001), and were significantly more common in patients with multiple risk factors (odds ratio 1.79; 95% CI, 1.05-3.06; p = 0.045). Echolucent plaques were observed in 41.2% of patients with atherothrombotic infarction, in 17.6% with lacunar infarction, in 11.5% with cardioembolic stroke, and in 25.0% with TIA, and were significantly more common in patients with atherothrombotic infarction than in those with lacunar infarction or cardioembolic stroke (p<0.001), or in those with TIA (p <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The clustering of risk factors increased the incidence of echolucent carotid plaque. Patients with multiple risk factors were at increased risk of echolucent plaque, and these had a significant relationship with atherothrombotic infarction compared with other stroke subtypes and TIA.     

Prognosis of asymptomatic carotid occlusion

Ninety-four asymptomatic patients with internal carotid artery occlusion were followed for a mean of 44 months, 16% suffered strokes and 11.7% reported transient ischemic attacks (TIA). The annual stroke and TIA rates were 4.4% and 3.2%, respectively, the annual mortality was 11.3%. In 27 asymptomatic patients progression of extracranial arterial disease to occlusion was observed: 7.4% of these patients suffered from stroke and 18.5% reported TIA's during that period. Thus the annual stroke rate was lower (1.9%) but the TIA rate higher (4.7%) than post-occlusive rates. These data reflect an increase risk in patients with progressive high-degree carotid stenosis which continues after occlusion. This may favour carotid endarterectomy for selected patients in the pre-occlusive state because medical treatment has not been shown to prevent progression of stenosis to occlusion.     

Relationship between microemboli in the internal carotid artery and the occurrence of ischemic stroke after transient ischemic attack

Microembolic signals (MES) have been reported to be an independent risk factor for stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA). We examined the relationship between MES in the internal carotid artery and the occurrence of ischemic stroke in patients with TIA. A total of 67 patients who had a TIA were examined with transcranial Doppler ultrasonography to detect microemboli in the internal carotid artery 1, 3, and 7 days after admission, and 3 months after discharge. The relationship between the presence of MES and the subsequent occurrence of ischemic stroke was the primary outcome of interest. 35.8% (24/67) of patients were MES(+). During follow-up, ischemic stroke occurred significantly more frequently in patients who were MES(+) compared with patients who were MES(?) (6/24; 25.0% versus 2/43; 4.7%, p = 0.021), as did TIA (11/24; 45.8% versus 4/43; 9.3%). MES(+) status was significantly associated with the occurrence of ischemic stroke after adjusting for age, sex, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and drug therapy (odds ratio: 8.30; 95% confidence interval: 1.37–50.42; p = 0.021). The positive and negative predictive values of MES status for predicting ischemic stroke were 25.0% and 95.4%, respectively. The presence of microemboli in the internal carotid artery appears to be an important risk factor for the occurrence of ischemic stroke after TIA. The MES(+) rate in patients with transient ischemic attack with severe internal carotid artery stenosis is markedly higher than in patients without internal carotid artery stenosis.     

患者基线颈动脉斑块对比增强超声定量分析对TIA患者再发脑梗死的预测价值

目的 探讨颈动脉斑块对比增强超声(Contrast-enhanced ultrasound,CEUS)定量分析对短暂性脑缺血发作(Transient ischemic stroke,TIA)患者再发脑梗死的预测价值。方法 纳入2018年2月-2019年2月收治的94例老年TIA患者为研究对象,入院时采集患者人口学资料、临床特征资料,所有患者均接受常规TIA治疗,并收集治疗后患者临床资料,治疗后随访2年,记录94例老年TIA患者再发脑梗死情况,根据患者是否再发生脑梗死分为再发组和未再发组; 采用Cox回归方程分析老年TIA患者再发脑梗死的预测因子并构建预测模型,分析其预测效能。结果 94例老年TIA患者截止最后随访日期2021年2月21日,出现12例失访,最终纳入82例患者,其中33例患者出现再发脑梗死为再发组,49例未出现再发脑梗死为未再发组; 单变量分析显示2组甘油三酯(Triglyceride,TG)、低密度脂蛋白(Low density lipoprotein,LDL)、血栓调节蛋白水平有明显差异(P<0.05); Cox分析显示LDL(HR=0.026)、血栓调节蛋白(HR=0.029)、峰值时间信号强度(Parameters of time-intensity curve,P TIC)(HR=0.030)、清晰度(Sharpness,S FC)(HR=0.020),曲线下面积(Under the curve area,AUC FC)(HR=0.043)是老年TIA后再发脑梗死的预测因子; 列线图模型预测老年TIA后再发脑梗死的C-指数为0.881,校正曲线显示绝对误差为0.034。结论 基于基线LDL、血栓调节蛋白、P TIC,S FC,AUC FC建立的老年TIA后再发脑梗死预测模型具备较高的预测效能。     

Transient ischaemic attacks in young patients: a thromboembolic or migrainous manifestation? A 10 year follow up study of 46 patients.

Forty six patients aged 18-39 years with transient ischaemic attacks (TIA) were studied; two thirds were women. Twenty five patients had attacks accompanied by headache, and seven gave a history of common migraine. Only four of 27 angiograms were abnormal; no operable carotid lesion was demonstrated. Over a mean follow up period of 10 years stroke or myocardial infarction (AMI) occurred in all four patients who presented major cerebrovascular risk factors, but in only two of the remaining 42 patients. Thus irrespective of age thromboembolic TIA is a harbinger of stroke or AMI. However, most TIAs under the age of 40 years are caused by a non-embolic benign vascular disorder. The clinical characteristics, long-term prognosis, and possible pathogenesis, for such attacks are often indistinguishable from those of classical migraine. In the absence of cardiovascular risk factors, arteriography does not provide much diagnostic and prognostic information.     

Comparison of risk factors and work‐up in young and middle‐aged patients with TIA and ischaemic stroke

Background: The transient ischaemic attack (TIA) is accepted as a subtype of resolved ischaemic stroke. In that case, the risk factor profiles as well as the work‐up results of TIA and stroke patients should be similar in both groups. Given that such data are limited, we compared the risk factor profiles and work‐up results in young and middle‐aged patients with TIA and ischaemic stroke. Patients and methods: Data on 167 TIA patients and 489 stroke patients aged ≤60 were compared for risk factor profiles, work‐up results, and pre‐ and post‐event treatment regimens. Results: The only difference found between the groups in the distribution of vascular risk factors was a significantly higher prevalence of diabetes in the stroke group (P = 0.02). There were no differences found between the two groups in the distributions of carotid and aortic plaques, carotid stenoses and occlusion, homocysteine levels, or frequencies of patient foramen ovale by echocardiography. The levels of cholesterol and triglycerides, as well as abnormal brain CT, were higher in the stroke group, both before and after adjustment. There was no difference found in any compared parameter of treatment between the TIA and the stroke patients. Conclusions: The risk factor profiles and the work‐up results are similar between the TIA and the stroke patients. These findings highlight the etiologic homogeneity of both conditions; therefore, justify their uniform management. In addition, low yield of CT in TIA patients was found, questioning thus the routine use of CT in work‐up of TIA.     

Cerebral infarction in patients with transient ischemic attacks

Summary Cranial computed tomography of 284 patients with transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) and without previous stroke was evaluated. The sample population included patients with carotid and/or vertebrobasilar TIAs. Computed tomography revealed cerebral infarction in 34 patients, including 5 with multiple infarctions. The lesion location was consistent with TIA symptoms in 16 patients. In another 16 patients, however, the lesion location did not correspond to the TIA symptoms; these lesions were attributed to previous silent infarctions. Two patients with multiple infarctions had both symptomatic and asymptomatic lesions. Age and carotid stenosis were each significantly related to an increased chance of detecting cerebral infarction (either symptomatic or asymptomatic). No significant relationship between race, gender, hypertension, diabetes, cardiac disease, or smoking and the incidence of infarction was found by either univariate or multivariate analyses.     

Clinical predictors of cardiac and arterial lesions in carotid transient ischemic attacks

In 205 patients with carotid transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) who underwent full angiographic and cardiac investigations, we found that ipsilateral carotid bruit and triggering of TIA by exertion or standing up suggested a carotid lesion. Angina pectoris or palpitations at onset of TIA suggested a cardiac source of emboli. Patients with only one TIA, multiple identical attacks, progression of symptoms over minutes, and appropriate infarct on computed tomograms (28%) were likely to show a potential arterial or cardiac cause for the TIAs in subsequent investigations. Transient monocular blindness correlated with carotid occlusion, but the severity of the carotid lesion did not influence the duration and repetition of attacks. Transient ischemic attacks in multiple territories, identical attacks, and multiple or silent infarcts on computed tomograms occurred equally in the patients with arterial lesions and those with cardiac lesions. These findings suggest that only a few, albeit important, conclusions regarding etiology can be drawn from the clinical characteristics of TIAs.     

Carotid endarterectomy for prevention of stroke: comparison of surgical and conservative therapy

The incidence of TIA, stroke and death among 689 patients with a narrowing of the internal carotid artery exceeding 50% was investigated in a follow-up study. Patients were assigned according to their initial status to one of the following groups: asymptomatic, transient ischemic attacks (TIA) and minor stroke. Patients subjected to carotid endarterectomy (n = 206) were compared to those treated by oral medication only. The follow-up time averaged 2.1 years. The incidence of stroke and death among the initially asymptomatic persons was not significantly different in those who underwent surgery (n = 46) and those who did not (n = 234). The incidence of TIA however was significantly higher in the operated patients. Among patients with TIA the incidence of repeated TIA, stroke and death was similar in those who were operated (n = 90) and those who were not (n = 61). The same was true for subsequent TIA and strokes in patients who had suffered from a first stroke prior to the initial examination. Patients who underwent surgery (n = 70) did not differ in this respect from the 188 patients who were not operated on. The death rate, however, was significantly higher in the non-operated patients (24.5% versus 7.2%). Due to the retrospective character of the study, operated and non-operated groups of patients were not directly comparable. We therefore selected comparable groups of patients by a stratification procedure. These subgroups showed no differences in the incidence of TIA and stroke between operated and non-operated patients. The result indicates, that the decision to perform carotid endarterectomy should be made with great caution.     

颈动脉支架植入术及药物治疗症状性颈动脉狭窄的临床研究

目的 探讨颈动脉支架植入术在症状性颈动脉狭窄治疗中的安全性、疗效及并发症,并与传统内科药物治疗进行比较. 方法 自2005年5月至2010年5月徐州医学院第二附属医院神经内科共对52例症状性颈动脉狭窄患者行颈动脉支架植入术治疗(支架组),同期63例症状性颈动脉狭窄患者行内科药物治疗(药物组).分别在发病后3个月、6个月、12个月、1年后比较两组患者狭窄血管相关性卒中及短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)发生率、美国国立卫生院卒中量表神经功能缺损评分(NIHSS). 结果 支架组1例由于路径较差支架无法到位而手术终止;9例术中、术后出现颈动脉窦反射,2例术中出现血管痉挛,4例术中出现高灌注综合征,及时有效处理后均未造成严重后果.随访中,支架组1例手术失败者3个月时卒中复发,余患者12个月内无卒中及TIA事件发作,1年后1例复发;药物组发病后3个月、6个月、12个月、1年后分别有11例、9例、7例及12例卒中或TIA事件发作.支架组发病后3个月、6个月、12个月及1年后NIHSS评分均明显低于药物组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05). 结论 颈动脉支架植入术治疗症状性颈动脉狭窄安全、可行,与内科药物治疗相比较能更好地预防卒中复发,值得临床推广应用.