单根牙牙槽骨吸收度与最大He力关系的研究

目的：研究单根牙牙槽骨吸收程度与最大He力的关系。方法：选择37例牙周病患者，710个单根牙，记录其前牙超覆He情况，拍摄牙片，测量每个受试牙的牙槽骨吸收程度和最大He力，结果：最大He力值因个体间和牙位琐存在明显差异。当左右同名牙牙槽骨高度相近时，最大He力值相近，最大He力值与牙槽骨吸收程度有着明显的相关性。牙槽骨吸收程度增加，最大He力降低。牙周病易于导致前牙覆He深，超He大的He型。结论：牙槽骨高度影响最大He力，牙周病将导致He的异常及咀嚼功能受到损害。     

前牙覆牙合对安氏Ⅲ类错牙合牙合平面的影响

目的探讨安氏Ⅲ类错牙合畸形中牙合平面与前牙覆牙合的相关性,通过控制牙合平面的变化为不同前牙覆牙合安氏Ⅲ类错牙合患者的正畸、正颌治疗提供策略依据。方法选取90例安氏Ⅲ类前牙反成人正畸患者治疗前的头颅侧位片作为试验组,同时选取30例成人个别正常的头颅侧位片作为对照组。根据前牙覆牙合的大小将安氏Ⅲ类错牙合分为3组,即开组、反覆牙合组、反深覆牙合组,每组各测量14项指标。对各组间的差异进行方差分析和多重比较分析,同时对前牙覆牙合与前后牙合平面的相关性进行直线相关分析。结果安氏Ⅲ类错牙合中后牙牙合平面倾斜度（OP-P角）和前牙覆牙合呈负相关（r=-0.24,P<0.05）,前牙牙合平面倾斜度（OP-A角）与前牙覆牙合呈正相关（r=0.23,P<0.05）。结论 不同前牙覆牙合的牙合平面形态各有不同,在正畸治疗不同前牙覆牙合安氏Ⅲ类错牙合时,应重视后牙垂直高度的控制及后牙牙合平面的倾斜度改变。     

成人骨性Ⅲ类错（牙合）患者下切牙区牙槽骨形态特征的CBCT初步研究

目的 研究成人骨性Ⅲ类错（牙合）患者下切牙区牙槽骨形态特征.方法 对17例成人骨性Ⅲ类错（牙合）患者及10例正常（牙合）对照者进行锥体束计算机断层（Cone beam computed tomography,CBCT）技术扫描拍摄,并对相关数据进行测量分析.结果 ①骨性Ⅲ类错（牙合）下切牙区牙槽骨厚度较正常（牙合）者薄（3.3±0.6） mm,其根尖点距唇侧骨皮质距离较近（0.8±0.4）mm（P＜0.01）;②骨性Ⅲ类错（牙合）牙槽骨附着高度较正常（牙合）者低,尤其是唇侧牙槽附着高度较低（5.2±1.3） mm（P＜0.01）;③下切牙倾斜度与牙槽骨厚度、唇侧牙槽附着高度、根尖点距唇侧牙槽骨距离具有相关性.结论 骨性Ⅲ类错（牙合）患者的下切牙区牙槽骨厚度较薄,唇侧牙槽骨附着高度较低并且与下切牙唇倾度有一定的相关性.临床中应重视成人骨性Ⅲ类错（牙合）患者的牙槽骨形态对于下切牙移动的影响.     

小型下颌后退位（牙合）板在前牙反（牙合）矫治中的应用

目的：在前牙反（牙合）矫治中应用一种小型下颌后退位（牙合）板后退下颌,评价其矫治AngleⅢ类功能性-轻、中度骨性前牙反（牙合）病例的临床应用效果.方法：应用小型下颌后退位（牙合）板治疗反（牙合）328例.在打开咬合的同时后退下颌,同时粘固上下颌托槽进行排齐整平.结果：患者侧貌在戴用后退位（牙合）板后明显改善,下颌的有效后退使反（牙合）的矫治变得简单化,治疗时间较传统矫治明显缩短.远期随访疗效肯定.结论：小型下颌后退位（牙合）板适用于下颌可适度后退的前牙反（牙合）病例,可快速矫治前牙反（牙合）.是较固定反式TBA联合前牵引更为理想的装置,结构更小巧,制作更简便,更适用于临床应用.     

重量法测量121 例正常[牙合]错[牙合]咀嚼效能的研究

目的：比较正常[牙合]不同年龄、性别的咀嚼效能;正常[牙合]与错[牙合]不同年龄、性别咀嚼效能的差异.方法：重量法分别测算出121 例11～16 岁及21～25 岁正常[牙合]与错[牙合]咀嚼值.121 例中48 例正常[牙合],73例包括上颌前突、前牙反[牙合]、拥挤在内的错[牙合].用SPSS 10.0统计软件的独立样本t检验（2 样本资料的均数比较,即成组t检验）对有关组分别进行比较.结果：21～25 岁男女正常[牙合]平均咀嚼值之间,男性咀嚼值远远高于女性的咀嚼值,P=0.000,有高度显著性差异;不同年龄咀嚼值的差异在男性表现明显：21～25 岁男性正常[牙合]的平均咀嚼值明显高于11～16 岁男性正常[牙合]的平均咀嚼值,P〈0.01,差异有高度显著性;11～16 岁男性中前牙反[牙合]的平均咀嚼值低于正常[牙合]的平均咀嚼值,P〈0.05,差异有显著性;21～25 岁女性中上颌前突的平均咀嚼值比正常[牙合]的平均咀嚼高,P〈0.05, 有显著性差异;21～25 岁女性中前牙拥挤的平均咀嚼值比正常[牙合]的平均咀嚼值高,P〈0.05, 有显著性差异.结论：青年男性咀嚼效能远远高于女性的咀嚼效能; 青年男性正常[牙合]咀嚼效能明显高于青少年男性正常[牙合]的咀嚼效能; 青少年男性前牙反[牙合]的咀嚼效能低于青少年男性正常[牙合]的咀嚼效能;青年女性中上颌前突和拥挤的咀嚼效能高于正常[牙合]的咀嚼效能.     

线性（牙合）与解剖式（牙合）全口义齿满意度的比较

目的：比较线性（牙合）全口义齿与解剖式（牙合）全口义齿满意度。方法：选择15例牙槽嵴吸收严重的无牙颌患者,为每例患者制作传统的解剖式（牙合）和线性（牙合）2副全口义齿,3个月后更换使用。每副义齿于戴用1个月、3个月时用满意度问卷调查患者。结果：2种（牙合）型全口义齿使用3个月时,线性（牙合）全口义齿的固位稳定和舒适程度满意度明显高于解剖式全口义齿（P〈0.01）;线性（牙合）全口义齿使用3个月比使用1个月在固位稳定、咀嚼功能和舒适程度方面有显著提高（P〈0.01）。观察期间,线性（牙合）全口义齿初戴后因疼痛调改的次数明显少于解剖式（牙合）全口义齿。结论：对牙槽嵴吸收严重的无牙颌患者,应用线性（牙合）全口义齿可以提高其义齿的固位稳定和舒适程度。     

松动牙的邻接关系及前牙(牙合)关系的研究

目的：通过对松动牙的前牙[牙合]关系、邻接关系的调查和分析,探讨牙齿松动和咬合关系改变之间的关系。方法：选择37名牙周病患者,记录前牙的覆盖情况、松动度以及邻接关系。结果：在受试的37名患者中,中、重度深覆殆者21人;超[牙合]值4胁以上者18人。当相邻两牙均为工度松动或有一个牙超过Ⅱ度松动时,邻接关系丧失。结论：牙齿松动将导致前牙[牙合]型异常,邻接关系丧失。     

前牙覆(牙合)相关因素的研究

目的 :探讨不同类型错牙合畸形中与前牙覆牙合相关的多种因素。方法 :恒牙期错牙合 14 4例 ,其中 ,I类骨骼型 74例 ,II类 70例。在自然头位下摄取头颅定位侧位片。以覆牙合值为因变量 ,分析前牙覆牙合与其他头影测量参数的相关关系 ,并建立以覆牙合值为因变量的多元回归方程。结果 :I类骨骼型组多元回归分析显示 ,前牙覆盖、后面高及上切牙高度值越大 ,或下面高及下磨牙高度距离值越小 ,前牙覆牙合越深 ;在II类骨骼型组 ,前牙覆盖、上下切牙角及下切牙倾斜度值越大 ,或下颌角及上磨牙高度值越小 ,前牙覆牙合越深。 2个方程分别能解释 75 .8%和 62 .3 %的前牙覆牙合值的变化。其中 ,前牙覆盖值对前牙覆牙合最具影响。结论 :与前牙覆牙合相关的X头影测量参数包括牙性的和骨性的 ,这些参数相互补偿 ,其中 ,前牙覆盖值对维持正常且稳定的前牙覆牙合起着最重要的作用。     

[牙合]力对楔状缺损发病的影响

目的：探讨咬合力与楔状缺损发病的关系。方法：应用T-ScanII型咬合检测仪对楔状缺损患牙及其对侧无缺损的同名牙（对照牙）的正中[牙合][牙合]力值进行测量,并分析其与楔状缺损严重程度的关系,结果进行统计学分析。结果：楔状缺损患牙[牙合]力值大于对照牙[牙合]力值,组间差异具有显著性（P〈0.001）;楔状缺损磨损指数与年龄之间无线性相关关系,但与[牙合]力值之间具有线性正相关关系（r=0.6807）。结论：楔状缺损患牙的[牙合]力值明显高于对照牙,并与磨耗指数呈正形线性相关关系,[牙合]力因素在楔状缺损的发病中起重要作用。     

青少年与成人均角深覆骀错（牙合）矫治的初步研究

目的 初步探讨青少年和成人均角、深覆（牙合）患者拔牙矫治在机理上的差异.方法 本研究为回顾性研究,收集治疗前后资料完整的Ⅱ度以上深覆（牙合）均角患者55例,其中25例治疗前平均年龄（14.06±1.26）岁,纳入青少年组；30例平均年龄（28.08±7.21）岁,纳入成人组.样本均减数四颗前磨牙直丝弓技术矫治.对治疗前、后的头颅侧位片进行定点测量,分析牙齿唇倾度L1-NB,LI-MP,磨牙的伸长TUM-PP,TLM-MP,骨面型ANB,SN-MP,下颌体长度Ar-Gn,下颌升支高度Ar-Go 等,探讨两组在矫治机理上的不同.结果 青少年组和成人组治疗前后的ANB角和下颌平面角（SN-MP）,统计学上没有显著性差异.青少年组治疗后下颌体长度增大,下颌磨牙伸长,与成人组在统计学上差异有显著性.青少年组下前牙唇倾度减小,成人组增加,两组间在统计学上差异有显著性.结论 青少年和成人均角深覆（牙合）矫治前后骨面型保持不变,青少年组磨牙升高明显,成人组下前牙唇倾明显.     

改良型多用途弓在牙周炎患者前牙压入中的应用

牙周病患者前牙的扇形移位和咬合加深,均会对美观及口腔功能产生严重的影响。常规的正畸将导致牙周病患者牙周膜应力升高,从而加重其牙槽骨吸收,因此在正畸力的控制上应高度重视,必须使用轻力。作者通过多用途弓成功压低上前牙,打开咬合,正畸术后,患者前牙间隙关闭,覆骀覆盖改善,牙槽骨未发现明显吸收,达到满意的治疗效果。     

Expression of IL-6 and it's mRNA transcription in the process of rat periodontium remodeling influenced by various bite forces]

OBJECTIVE: To study the expression of IL-6 in periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PLF) and osteoblasts in order to explain the molecular mechanism of the bite forte on periodontium remodeling. METHODS: A rat model of different bite forces was established to study the expression of IL-6 and IL-6 mRNA in the PLF and osteoblasts with immunohistochemical (IHC) and in situ hybridization (ISH) techniques. RESULTS: In the group of disuse bite force, the expression of IL-6 and IL-6 mRNA in the PLF and osteoblasts enhanced apparently compared with that in the group of normal bite force. The gray level values enhanced respectively from 6.5886 +/- 1.6 to 38.8381 +/- 9.5 and from 11.8337 +/- 2.8 to 57.2623 +/- 13.6. The loosely arrangement of periodontal fibers and the resorption of alveolar bone were observed in histological study. In the group of compensation bite force, the same result was observed with IHC and ISH, the gray level values enhanced respectively from 6.3119 +/- 1.5 to 45.5456 +/- 11.1 and from 11.7714 +/- 2.8 to 81.9391 +/- 19.5, but the increase of periodontal fibers, the resorption and formation of alveolar bone were observed simultaneity in histological study. CONCLUSIONS: With the change of bite force, the expression of IL-6 and IL-6 mRNA in PLF and osteoblasts presents a certain regulation. IL-6 may play important roles in the effect of bite force on periodontium remodeling.     

A multifactorial model of masticatory performance: the Suita study

Previous studies have identified various factors related to masticatory performance. This study was aimed to investigate variations and impacts of factors related to masticatory performance among different occlusal support areas in general urban population in Japan. A total of 1875 Japanese subjects (mean age: 66·7 years) were included in the Suita study. Periodontal status was evaluated using the Community Periodontal Index (CPI). The number of functional teeth and occlusal support areas (OSA) were recorded, and the latter divided into three categories of perfect, decreased and lost OSA based on the Eichner Index. Masticatory performance was determined by means of test gummy jelly. For denture wearers, masticatory performance was measured with the dentures in place. The multiple linear regression analysis showed that, when controlling for other variables, masticatory performance was significantly associated with sex, number of functional teeth, maximum bite force and periodontal status in perfect OSA. Masticatory performance was significantly associated with number of functional teeth, maximum bite force and periodontal status in decreased OSA. In lost OSA, masticatory performance was significantly associated with maximum bite force. Maximum bite force was a factor significantly influencing masticatory performance that was common to all OSA groups. After controlling for possible confounding factors, the number of functional teeth and periodontal status were common factors in the perfect and decreased OSA groups, and only sex was significant in the perfect OSA group. These findings may help in providing dietary guidance to elderly people with tooth loss or periodontal disease.     

牙周炎致错位前牙的正畸牙周联合治疗

目的　对牙周炎致唇向散开的前牙经环切离断牙槽嵴顶纤维后进行正畸治疗 ,观察其疗效。方法　正畸牙周联合治疗 16例患者唇向散开的上前牙 ,使用临床牙周健康指数分析、根尖片观察牙槽骨高度变化及模型分析的方法比较治疗前后的变化。结果　离断牙槽嵴顶纤维后正畸压入使牙槽骨高度平均增加 1 2mm ,前牙覆盖由 7 0mm减至 2 0mm ,覆由 4 0mm减至 2 0mm;牙周组织健康指数无明显变化。结论　经环切离断牙槽嵴顶纤维后 ,正畸压入治疗在矫正患牙咬合关系的同时可改善牙周组织状况 ,增加牙槽骨高度     

应用微种植体支抗压低上前牙改善露龈笑的临床研究

目的 探讨上颌前牙区微种植体支抗压低上前牙改善露龈笑的临床疗效。方法 选择露龈笑伴深覆患者15例,平均年龄（19.7±5.4）岁,在位于12,22近中根尖处颌骨内各植入1颗微种植钉,在方丝12,22近中置游离拉钩,向微种植钉做弹性牵引,每侧加力0.6 N,平均加力压低的时间为(6.2±1.6)个月。测量矫治前后X 线头颅侧位片的相关软硬组织指标,使用SPSSl3.0 软件进行统计分析。结果 前牙垂直压低的量及切牙牙冠长度明显减少（P＜0.01）,磨牙伸长量不显著。前牙的覆与覆盖均矫治达到正常范围。结论 微种植体做支抗压低上前牙、纠正深覆效果理想,能有效改善露龈笑。     

Deep bite correction in adult patients

Excessive occlusal force caused by deep bite is an etiology of alveolar bone resorption as well as premature loss of permanent teeth. Deep bite correction in adult patients should comprise of intrusion and/or proclination of anterior teeth in order to prevent skeletal alteration and relapse. The objective of the article was to present indication and mechanics of intrusion and proclination of anterior teeth with a case report of the patient who had a problem of masticatory system especially temporomandibular joint, cuspid protection system and deep bite.     

无托槽隐形矫治技术治疗安氏Ⅱ类2分类非拔牙病例的临床疗效评估

目的 评估使用无托槽隐形矫治技术治疗成年安氏Ⅱ类2分类非拔牙病例的临床矫治效果.方法 选取15例安氏Ⅱ类2分类成人患者,采用无托槽隐形矫治器进行治疗.将所有患者头颅侧位片及CBCT导入Dolphin Imaging软件,用3Shape扫描仪扫描石膏模型.将治疗前后相关测量数据进行配对t检验.结果 15例患者矫治后前牙覆...     

薄型牙槽骨的重度前牙开病例治疗1例

本文报告1例25岁女性重度开牙合患者的治疗。患者Ⅲ度开牙合,全口牙槽骨极薄,唇舌侧根型明显,采用固定矫治并配合肌功能训练,在治疗过程中上颌尖牙穿出唇侧骨皮质,将上颌双侧尖牙托槽换成HX托槽并进行龈牙合向反向粘接,同时减少唇肌训练的强度和时间后,尖牙牙根重新位于骨松质中,矫治后建立了正常的覆牙合覆盖,尖牙、磨牙达到Ⅰ类关系,咬合功能良好,面形得到改善。本病例表明非骨性重度开牙合病例通过固定矫治配合有效的肌功能训练可以得到很好的治疗效果。     

Quantitative description of overjet and overbite and their relationship with the craniofacial morphology.

OBJECTIVES: 1) To define the sagittal and vertical characteristics of anterior teeth in adults with normal occlusions; 2) to explore a relationship between the overbite and overjet; and 3) to relate overbite and overjet to the skeletal pattern. DESIGN: Prospective data collection. SETTING AND SAMPLE POPULATION: Ninety-two adult dental students from the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (49 females and 43 males) with naturally occurring Class I occlusions. EXPERIMENTAL VARIABLE AND OUTCOME MEASURES: Cephalometric data were collected for overbite, overjet, and skeletal relationships. These were then correlated for potential association between front teeth and vertical and horizontal skeletal relationships. RESULTS: The overjet measures were equally distributed among men and women, but overbite was higher in women. Facial proportions were also bigger in men, but the Mediterranean face was bigger than Northern American Caucasian. The mandibular plane angle could be associated with either increased or decreased overjet and overbite. CONCLUSION: The overbite and overjet features of an occlusion cannot be predictably associated with any particular craniofacial pattern.