The effectiveness of hydroxy-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (statins) in the elderly is not influenced by apolipoprotein E genotype

We aimed to assess whether the effectiveness of statins in the prevention of myocardial infarction, stroke and total mortality is influenced by apolipoprotein E (apoE) genotype in an elderly population. We used data from the Rotterdam Study, a prospective population-based cohort study in the Netherlands which started in 1990 and included 7983 subjects aged 55 years and older. Subjects who were treated with cholesterol lowering drugs at baseline or with a serum total cholesterol > or = 6.5 mmol/l at baseline were included. We compared the incidence of myocardial infarction, stroke and total mortality in subjects who received > or = 2 years of statin treatment with that in subjects who had been treated for less than 2 years, and in untreated subjects, using a Cox proportional hazard model with cumulative statin use defined as time-dependent covariates. The adjusted relative risk of all-cause mortality was 0.79 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.51-1.22] and of myocardial infarction and stroke 0.50 (95% CI 0.28-0.91) for subjects treated with statins for > or = 2 years compared to untreated subjects. The adjusted relative risks for subjects with the epsilon4 allele were 0.91 (95% CI 0.45-1.84) for all-cause mortality and 0.63 (95% CI 0.23-1.78) for myocardial infarction and stroke. In subjects without the epsilon4 allele, adjusted relative risks were 0.71 (95% CI 0.41-1.24) for all-cause mortality and 0.46 (95% CI 0.22-0.95) for myocardial infarction and stroke. We found a protective effect of statins on the risk of myocardial infarction and stroke that was independent of apoE genotype. The protective effect of statins on total mortality was not statistically significant, but did not seem to differ between subjects with different apoE genotypes.     

阿托伐他汀对急性心肌梗死后1周兔心室肌细胞L-钙离子通道电流的影响

目的通过研究阿托伐他汀预处理对兔急性心肌梗死后1周心室肌细胞L-钙离子通道电流(ICa-L)的影响,探讨他汀类药物抗心律失常的细胞学离子机制。方法 60只新西兰大耳白兔随机分为3组:心梗组、阿托伐他汀治疗组和假手术对照组。采用结扎兔冠状动脉左前降支的方法建立急性心肌梗死动物模型,采用酶解的方法分离心室肌外膜单个心室肌细胞,采用全细胞膜片钳技术,记录跨膜ICa-L,同时检测各组血脂水平。结果各组动物血脂水平无显著性差异。1周后对照组、心梗组和他汀组ICa-L电流密度峰值(0mV)分别为(-4.21±1.12)pA/pF(n=20),(-3.36±0.92)pA/pF(n=20)和(-4.05±0.56)pA/pF(n=20)。心梗组较对照组明显下降(P<0.05),他汀组较心梗组明显升高(P<0.05)。另外,心梗组ICa-L失活曲线较对照组左移,他汀组较心梗组右移。结论急性心肌梗死可导致梗死区心肌细胞ICa-L明显下降,阿托伐他汀预处理可减轻ICa-L的异常变化,逆转电重构,而不依赖于降血脂效应,可能为他汀类药物降低心律失常发生率的细胞学离子机制。     

230例急性心梗合并哮喘患者的血清脂质水平与患者病死率的相关性研究

目的 探讨急性心梗(AMI)合并哮喘患者的血清脂质水平与患者病死率的相关性.方法 回顾性分析2014年3月至2016年12月本院收治的AMI合并哮喘的患者230例,采用酶学法检测血清中总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平,并应用Friedewald公式计算低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平,同时采用免疫比浊法检测血清中载脂蛋白(apo)A和apo B水平.比较存活者和死亡者血清中血脂水平,同时比较不同血脂指标水平与AMI合并哮喘患者存活率的相关性.结果 存活患者血清中TC、TG、LDL-C和apo B水平明显低于死亡患者,而HDL-C和apo A水平显著高于死亡患者,且差异均有统计学意义(均P＞ 0.05);患者血清中TC≥6.2 mmol/L、TG＞2.3 mmol/L、LDL-C＞4.11 mmol/L、HDL-C＜0.91 mmol/L、apoA＜1.0g/L和apoB＞1.2g/L,其病死率明显升高(P＜0.05).结论 AMI合并哮喘的死亡患者血清中血脂水平异常,并且与患者的病死率密切相关,为临床上治疗提供新的思路,值得在临床上广泛应用.     

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors improve heart rate variability in patients with a previous myocardial infarction

Statins decrease mortality in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). The effect may begin early after initiation of therapy, but the mechanism(s) behind this has not been totally delineated. In the present study 304 patients referred for elective coronary angiography due to suspected CHD were included. Seventy-three of the patients had a previous myocardial infarction (MI). Twenty-four hours heart rate variability (HRV) was obtained in all the patients. In patients with a previous MI, HRV was significantly higher in patients who were treated with statins compared to patients not given statins. Matching of the patients with identical serum cholesterol levels (3.7 mmol l(-1) < or = s-cholesterol < or = 8.1 mmol l (-1)) also revealed a higher SDNN in patients who had a previous MI and were on statin treatment. Similar results were seen by matching for serum low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol levels. In line with this, step-wise multiple linear regression analysis revealed that treatment with statins had an independent and significant impact on HRV. Our data suggest that statins may increase HRV in patients with a previous MI, which could in part explain the early beneficial effect on clinical events observed in several trials.     

不同年龄层次急性心肌梗死患者临床特点对比观察

目的：对比研究不同年龄层次急性心肌梗死（ AMI）患者的临床特点及冠脉病变特点。方法序贯入选AMI患者226例,按年龄层次分为青年组、中老年组及高龄组。比较3组人群的临床特征及冠脉造影结果。结果两两比较3组患者高血压病比例、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白组间差异均无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。青年组中年组吸烟比例较中老年组、高龄组明显增高,与其比较差异有统计学意义（ P＜0．05）。3组患者发病至入院时间、入院至导管室时间随年龄增加,逐渐升高。高龄组糖尿病史、血肌酐、肌酸激酶、肌酸激酶同工酶MB、肌钙蛋白I与青年组、中老年组相比差异均具有统计学意义（ P＜0．05）。比较高龄组患者与青年组、中老年组患者Gensini评分差异均具有统计学意义（ P＜0．05）。青年组与中老年组患者Gensini评分之间差异无统计学意义（ P＞0．05）。结论急性心肌梗死在不同年龄层次患者中的临床特点及病变程度不尽相同,其发病机制可能略有不同。不同年龄层次急性心肌梗死的特点对于临床诊疗具有重要意义。     

丁酰胆碱酯酶活性与急性心肌梗死患者预后的关系研究

目的 研究丁酰胆碱酯酶活性以及急性心肌梗死患者预后之间的关系.方法 将2012年1月至2017年1月本院收治的300例急性心肌梗死病例选为研究对象,依据丁酰胆碱酯酶活性差异分为低丁酰胆碱酯酶活性患者(A组,n=160)与高丁酰胆碱酯酶活性患者(B组,n=140).比较2组预后及各项临床指标.结果 2组吸烟史、性别组成、高血压、Killip分级以及HDL水平比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);A组年龄、血清肌酸酐、死亡率明显高于B组,且BMI、丁酰胆碱酯酶活性、收缩压、舒张压、血糖、LDL、甘油三酯、总胆固醇及LVEF明显低于B组(P＜0.05).丁酰胆碱酯酶活性与年龄、血清肌酸酐呈负相关性,而与BMI、收缩压、舒张压、血糖、LDL、甘油三酯、总胆固醇及LVEF呈正相关性(P＜0.05).死亡率升高独立影响因素主要为丁酰胆碱酯酶活性降低、LVEF减小.结论 急性心肌梗死预后与丁酰胆碱酯酶活性存在相关性,患者死亡率升高主要独立因素包括丁酰胆碱酯酶活性,其测定可为患者治疗及预后提供一定指导.     

Impact of prior chronic statin therapy and high-intensity statin therapy at discharge on circulating endothelial progenitor cell levels in patients with acute myocardial infarction: a prospective observational study

Background

Endothelial progenitor stem cells (EPCs) are mobilized to the peripheral circulation in response to myocardial ischemia, playing a crucial role in vascular repair. Statins have been shown to stimulate EPCs. However, neither the impact of previous statin therapy on EPC response of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients nor the effect of post-AMI high-intensity statin therapy on the evolution of circulating EPC levels has yet been addressed. Therefore, we aimed to compare circulating EPC levels between patients receiving long-term statin therapy before the AMI and statin-naive patients and to assess the impact of high-intensity statin therapy at discharge on the evolution of circulating EPCs post-AMI.

Methods

This is a prospective observational study of 100 AMI patients. Circulating EPCs (CD45dimCD34?+?KDR?+?cells) and their subpopulation coexpressing the homing marker CXCR4 were quantified by the high-performance flow cytometer FACSCanto II in whole blood, in two different moments: within the first 24 h of admission and 3 months post-AMI. Patients were followed up clinically for 2 years.

Results

Patients previously treated with statins had significantly higher levels of EPCs coexpressing CXCR4 (1.9?±?1.4 vs. 1.3?±?1.0 cells/1,000,000 events, p?=?0.031) than statin-naive patients. In addition, the subanalysis of diabetics (N?=?38) also revealed that patients previously on statins had significantly greater numbers of both CD45dimCD34?+?KDR?+?CXCR4+ cells (p?=?0.024) and CD45dimCD34?+?KDR?+?CD133+ cells (p?=?0.022) than statin-naive patients. Regarding the evolution of EPC levels after the AMI, patients not on a high-intensity statin therapy at discharge had a significant reduction of CD45dimCD34?+?KDR?+?and CD45dimCD34?+?KDR?+?CXCR4+ cells from baseline to 3 months follow-up (p?=?0.031 and p?=?0.005, respectively). However, patients discharged on a high-intensity statin therapy maintained circulating levels of all EPC populations, presenting at 3 months of follow-up significantly higher EPC levels than patients not on an intensive statin therapy. Moreover, the high-intensity statin treatment group had significantly better clinical outcomes during the 2-year follow-up period than patients not discharged on a high-intensity statin therapy.

Conclusion

Chronic statin therapy prior to an AMI strongly enhances the response of EPCs to myocardial ischemia, even in diabetic patients. Furthermore, high-intensity statin therapy after an AMI prevents the expected decrease of circulating EPC levels during follow-up. These results reinforce the importance of an early and intensive statin therapy in AMI patients.     

急性心肌梗死426例临床特征分析

目的 探讨急性心肌梗死（AMI）患者的临床特征、药物治疗、并发症及病死率的差异.方法 回顾性分析426例AMI患者的一般情况、病史特征、诊断、治疗、并发症和预后等.比较老年（≥70岁）和非老年（＜70岁）患者、男性和女性患者的临床特征、治疗、并发症及病死率的差异.结果 老年AMI患者吸烟率明显较低（P＜0.05）,女性患者、有陈旧心肌梗死病史者、心功能≥Killip Ⅲ级者患病率明显增高（均P＜0.05）.老年和非老年患者在利尿剂、β受体阻滞剂、洋地黄类、氯吡格雷等药物的应用上差异均均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.老年患者完全性左束支传导阻滞、房室传导阻滞、心房颤动的发生率均高于非老年患者（均P＜0.05）,而病死率差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.女性患者发病年龄明显大于男性患者（P＜0.05）,且吸烟率低,有明确心绞痛病史者比率高,心肌梗死后心功能差（均P＜0.05）.除了营养心肌药物应用女性患者高于男性外,其他常规治疗药物应用比率、并发症及预后差异均无统计学意义（均P＞0.05）.结论 AMI是危及人类生命的重要疾病,不同年龄患者有其各自临床特征,且不受性别影响.     

The A-SACT (Achievement in Singapore of Cholesterol Targets) Study in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease remains a leading cause of death worldwide, with hypercholesterolemia being a major risk factor. Evidence-based consensus guidelines have recommended consideration of increasingly stringent cholesterol-lowering goals, yet most patients do not meet these targets. Coronary heart disease (CHD) event and mortality rates and mean serum cholesterol levels have declined in Singapore in recent years; however, certain groups remain at elevated risk. OBJECTIVE: To determine (i) proportions of patients with CHD in Singapore who achieved goals for serum low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C); and (ii) factors influencing goal attainment. METHODS: A historical cohort study was conducted using records from the Singapore Cardiac Databank, a national registry of CHD patients. Serum LDL-C goal attainment was assessed in 5174 survivors of acute myocardial infarction or coronary revascularization (i.e. coronary artery bypass graft surgery or percutaneous coronary interventions), of whom 3811 (73.7%) were at very high risk. RESULTS: At baseline, the mean patient age was 60.3 years, mean serum value of total cholesterol was 228 mg/dL, and mean LDL-C was 163 mg/dL. Of all CHD patients, approximately 70% did not achieve a serum LDL-C target of <100 mg/dL. Most patients receiving HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin) regimens were treated initially with low- to medium-equipotency regimens and were never titrated to stronger regimens. The vast majority (approximately 94%) of patients at very high risk did not achieve the stringent serum LDL-C target of <70 mg/dL. Patients receiving higher potency statins were significantly more likely to achieve LDL-C goals, whereas those with higher baseline LDL-C levels or Malaysian ethnicity were less likely to achieve LDL-C goals. CONCLUSIONS: Most CHD patients in the large group of Singapore residents with CHD in the present study did not achieve recommended LDL-C targets. A more effective disease-management approach, including patient education concerning lifestyle modification (e.g. diet, physical activity), efforts to enhance medication adherence, and more effective, well tolerated therapies such as high-equipotency or high-dose statins and statin combination regimens, may be needed to improve achievement of consensus cholesterol targets. This is the first study of cholesterol goal attainment in a large group of Southeast Asians and serves as a baseline for future evaluations in Asian populations.     

大剂量辛伐他汀对急性心肌梗死患者纤溶活性及C-反应蛋白的早期干预作用

目的 探讨辛伐他汀对急性心肌梗死（AMI）患者血清C-反应蛋白（CRP）水平及纤溶活性的影响。方法60例AMI患者随机分为常规治疗组（30例）和阿托伐他汀治疗组（30例），20例健康人为对照组。阿托伐他汀治疗组于常规治疗基础上加用辛伐他汀40g／d，疗程为4周。两组均于治疗前和治疗结束时测定血清CRP、血清总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇（HDL—C）、低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇（LDL—C）、组织型纤溶酶原激活物（t-PA）和纤溶酶原激活物抑制物-1（PAI-1）。结果辛伐他汀组治疗4周后，CRP、TC、TG、LDL—C、PAI-1较治疗前下降（P＜0．05或0．01）。常规组治疗前后无明显变化（P＞0．05）。治疗前AMI患者血清cRP与PAI-1活性呈正相关（r=0．393，P＜0．05），与t．PA呈负相关（r=-0．359，P＜0．01）。辛伐他汀组治疗后CRP、PAI-1、t—PA与TC、LDL-C水平变化无相关性。结论在AMI早期给予大剂量辛伐他汀治疗，可能有利于抑制炎症反应，稳定斑块，提高纤溶活性。     

不同年龄急性心肌梗死患者血脂 血清脂蛋白(a)水平及其相关性分析

目的探讨本地区不同年龄急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者血脂、脂蛋白(a)[Lp(a)]水平状况及二者的相关性。方法将108例急性心肌梗死患者分为三组青年组(<45岁)29例,中年组(45~59岁)37例,老年组(≥60岁)42例,分别测出三组总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、血清Lp(a)的值,对三组间常规血脂、Lp(a)的测定值以及它们之间有无相关性进行统计学分析。结果①血清TC、LDL-C、HDL-C、Lp(a)的测定值水平中、老年组高于青年组,但三组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。TG测定值水平青年组明显高于老年组,两组之间的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);青年组与中年组、中年组与老年组之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。②Lp(a)与LDL-C、TC具有相关性(P<0.05),且为正相关,与TG、HDL-C无相关性。结论血脂异常、高Lp(a)作为冠心病、急性心肌梗死发生发展的重要危险因素,对其应进行积极预防、控制。同时对青年人的高TG血症、低HDL血症应特别重视。     

急性心肌梗死患者血清NO浓度的变化与心肌缺血预适应的关系

目的观察急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者血清一氧化氮(NO)浓度的变化与心肌缺血预适应的关系。方法将82例AMI患者分成心绞痛组(AP)48例和无心绞痛组(Non-AP)34例,测定患者血清CPK及其同功酶CK-MB、肌钙蛋白I(CTnI),并用硝酸还原酶法经比色法测定血清一氧化氮(NO)水平。结果心肌梗死前有心绞痛者的CPK、CK-MB、CTnI较低,而NO水平较高,与心肌梗死前无心绞痛的患者比较有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论心绞痛对AMI的心肌损害有明显保护作用。而NO在缺血预适应心肌保护中起重要作用。     

危重急性心肌梗死患者院内死亡的预测因素

[摘要] 目的：观察危重急性心肌梗死（AMI）患者的临床特点,探讨其院内死亡的危险因素并建立和分析运用预测模型。 方法：选取我院心脏科2006年4月—2010年4月住院的killp’s Ⅲ～Ⅳ级AMI患者132例,记录患者的相关临床资料。应用Logistic 回归评估危重AMI患者院内死亡的危险因素并建立预测模型,用ROC曲线分析该模型并可将其用于临床实践。 结果：132例患者中,院内死亡者68例（51.52%）,其中死因为心衰或心源性休克者58例,好转出院者64例（48.48%）。死亡组中广泛前(侧)壁心肌梗死占44.1%,好转组中非ST段抬高型心肌梗死占93.8%。 与好转组相比,死亡组中心源性休克、心律失常所占比例明显升高,死亡组入院时的eGFR和SBP偏低,WBC、BUN、CREA、CK-MB、CTnI偏高,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05或P < 0.01)。多因素分析表明广泛前(侧)壁AMI,心律失常和BUN是危重AMI患者院内死亡的独立危险因素。所得Logistic回归方程的ROC曲线下面积为0.945,取假阳性率为10%后求得诊断点为0.462。结论：危重AMI患者院内病死率高,所得Logistic方程的预测及临床应用价值高。     

脂蛋白（a）在动脉粥样硬化患者中的变化及血脂康干预的影响

目的：探讨冠心病（CHD）患者及脑梗死患者血清脂蛋白（a）[Lp(a)]水平及药物干预的影响。方法：151例CHD病人，其中急民生心肌梗死（AMI）20例，陈旧性心肌梗死（OMI）49例，心绞痛（AP）82例；脑梗死患者42例及正常对照组30例，测定其血清Lp(a)浓度。对高Lp(a）水平随机分组用血脂康胶囊及维生素C治疗。结果：CHD及脑梗死组其血清Lp(a)水平明显高于对照组（均P＜0.01)；CHD组高于脑梗死组（P＜0.01)。CHD组中，AMI组＞AP组＞OMI组（P＜0.01或P＜0.05）。用血脂康胶囊4粒/日治疗40例，12周末血清Lp(a)下降19.66%，与治疗前比较差异显著（P＜0.05)。结论：提示Lp(a)有致动脉粥样硬化的作用；血脂康胶囊对高血清Lp(a)水平安全有效。     

Assessment of the link between endothelin K198n Snp,endothelin concentration and acute myocardial infarction in Egyptians

The aim of the current study was to assess the link between EDN K198N SNP, ET‐1 serum concentration and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in Egyptians. The study cohort consisted of 84 patients at AMI onset and 84 age‐matched healthy controls. Endothelin genotypes and concentrations were determined by sequencing and ELISA, respectively. Genotype distribution was not significantly different between AMI patients and controls (P=.8341). The mean serum ET‐1 concentration of patients (13.83±0.7 pg/mL) was significantly higher than controls (7.26±0.2 pg/mL) (P<.0001). ET‐1 serum concentrations did not vary significantly among various EDN genotypes in patients (P=.378) and controls (P=.6164). Hence, we conclude that EDN K198N genotypes were not related to either ET‐1 concentration or incidence of early‐onset AMI in Egyptians. But, AMI patients had higher ET‐1 concentrations than controls.     

老年人急性心肌梗死之临床特点

目的 本文研究65岁以上老年人急性心肌梗死（AMI）的临床特点。方法 对132例65岁以上老年AMI进行临床分析,并与同期145例65岁以下AMI病人进行对比。结果 老年人AMI病人无胸痛或胸痛不典型明显多于非老年组,血流动力学受损的体征和并发症、泵衰竭及室上性心律失常及病死率显著高于非老年组,而梗死的范围、死亡原因两组间差异无显著意义。结论 老年人无痛性AMI多见,病情程度重,并发症多,病死率高。     

老年2型糖尿病并发急性心肌梗死58例临床分析

目的 探讨老年2型糖尿病(T2DM)并发急性心肌梗死(AMI)的临床特点及预后的影响因素.方法 对60岁以上58例老年2型糖尿病患者并发急性心肌梗死(DM-AMI)与40例非糖尿病急性心肌梗死(NDM-AMI)患者进行临床分析,比较两组临床特点,探讨其对预后的影响因素.结果 T2DM并发急性心肌梗死的主要临床特点为胸闷、心悸、倦怠乏力、呼吸困难、心律失常、心力衰竭、心源性休克及恶心、呕吐、出汗,12例患者低血糖后并发急性心肌梗死.糖尿病组急性心肌梗死静息状态发病率高,无痛性居多,血脂紊乱多为混合型,多支病变发生率高,且严重心脏事件的总发生率均显著高于对照组.结论 积极控制血糖,预防低血糖,老年2型DM患者合并AMI预后差,病死率高.糖尿病是心肌梗死的主要危险因素,心肌梗死是糖尿病的重要死亡原因.应高度重视并积极的处理.     

The Effect of Statins on the No-Reflow Phenomenon

Background

An association between admission plasma glucose levels and an increased risk of no-reflow has been well documented. Although HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin) therapy can reduce no-reflow, little is known about its effect on no-reflow in patients with hyperglycemia. In the present study, we investigated whether pretreatment with a statin could reduce no-reflow in patients with hyperglycemia, who underwent primary coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

Methods

A total of 259 consecutive patients who underwent primary angioplasty for a first AMI were studied. Blood glucose and creatinine kinase levels were measured on admission. All patients underwent 2-dimensional echocardiography and electrocardiographic analysis just after admission. No-reflow was defined as a Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) flow grade <3. Hyperglycemia was defined as a blood glucose level ≥10 mmol/L. Statin administration prior to admission was determined by detailed interview or information in the medical records.

Results

Hyperglycemia was diagnosed in 154 patients on admission. The no-reflow phenomenon was found in 31 of the 154 patients with hyperglycemia. The incidence of no-reflow was significantly greater in patients with hyperglycemia compared with no hyperglycemia. A multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that hyperglycemia on admission was an independent predictor of no-reflow. Among the 154 patients with hyperglycemia, there were no significant differences in baseline clinical characteristics between patients who received statin pretreatment and those who did not; however, hyperlipidemia occurred in a greater number of the patients who did not receive statin pretreatment. The 40 patients with hyperglycemia who received statins before admission had a lower incidence of no-reflow than those who did not receive statin pretreatment (5% and 25.4%; p < 0.05). Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that absence of statin pretreatment was a significant predictor of no-reflow in patients with hyperglycemia, along with ejection fraction on admission, initial TIMI 0 flow, number of Q waves, and anterior AMI.

Conclusion

The results of our study show that pretreatment with statins could attenuate no-reflow after AMI in patients with acute hyperglycemia.     

美托洛尔治疗急性心肌梗死的临床研究

目的:探讨美托洛尔降低急性心肌梗死(AMI)死亡率的可能机制。方法:60例AMI患者随机均分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组在对照组常规治疗的基础上应用美托洛尔,比较2组恶性心律失常和再发心肌梗死的发生情况以及QT离散度、左室重构指标的变化。结果:与对照组比较,治疗组恶性心律失常、再发心肌梗死的发生例数明显降低(P<0.01~0.05),QT离散度显著减少(P<0.01),左室重构变化更小(P<0.05)。结论:美托洛尔可能通过降低恶性心律失常及再发心肌梗死的发生、减少QT离散度、抑制左室重构等方面降低AMI的死亡率。     

脑心通治疗急性心肌梗死合并心功能不全的观察

目的研究脑心通治疗急性心肌梗死（AMI）合并心功能不全患者的疗效及安全性。方法将60例AMI合并心功能不全患者按心肌梗死部位随机分成常规治疗组和脑心通组，每组各30例，共治疗6个月。治疗前后检测IL-6、血压、心率、左室舒张末期前后径（LVED）和左室射血分数（LVEF）。结果治疗6个月后常规治疗组和脑心通组LVED无明显扩大（P〉0．05），LVEF增加（P〈0．05），脑心通组IL-6水平明显降低（P〈0．05）。常规治疗组和脑心通组LVED、LVEF差异无明显统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论脑心通治疗可以提高LVEF，降低IL-6水平，有利于AMI合并心功不全患者的预后。