2,3,7,8-四氯苯二噁哄对小鼠胚胎毒作用的研究

目的　探讨动物妊娠早期接触2 ,3 ,7,8 四氯苯二(TCDD)后造成胚胎丢失的原因以及对小鼠成活率的影响。方法　90只妊娠NHI小鼠分9组,在妊娠的第1天,第2天和第3天分别观察胚胎转移率、检测血清雌二醇和孕酮含量;2 40只妊娠NIH小鼠分2 4组,于妊娠第9天和第18天测定子宫重量,观察胚胎成活情况。结果　与正常对照组胚胎数比较,TCDD未影响胚胎转移率,但造成着床前胚胎丢失(14±4 2 0 ,4 63±6 0 9,P <0 0 1) ;不同时期染毒均可降低胚胎和胎儿成活率(P <0 0 0 1) ;血清雌二醇含量升高(P <0 0 0 1)、孕酮水平下降(P <0 0 1)。结论　TCDD对胚胎和母体均具有毒性,血清类固醇激素的改变可影响子宫功能,造成第9天胚胎成活率下降;同时TCDD具有持续毒性的特点,使出生前第18天胚胎成活数低于第9天胚胎成活数。     

血清β-HCG检测异位妊娠的诊断意义

本组152例,分为正常未孕组60例,年龄22～36岁;正常早孕组52例,年龄20～40岁;停经25～70d异位妊娠组40例(经B超及后穹窿穿刺,手术证实),年龄20～35岁。所有参试者均清晨抽血、分离血清,采用放免法检测β-HCG。结果,异位妊娠组血清β-HCG(6288±2821.9)明显低于正常早孕组(47851±2681.6,P<0.01),明显高于正常对照组(6±2.35,P<0.01)。异位妊娠以输卵管妊娠多见约占90%。输卵管妊娠的孕卵由于着床部位血运较差,输卵管官腔狭小,使胚胎不能正常发育,出现血清β-HCG上升缓慢,低于正常早孕。妊娠早期检测血清β-HCG能够及早发现异位妊娠。及…     

小鼠胚泡着床障碍模型的建立

目的　建立小鼠胚泡着床障碍动物模型。方法　①将成年雌性昆明小鼠交配后随机分为对照组和实验组 ,于妊娠d 4实验组于皮下注射不同浓度的米非司酮 ,于妊娠d 8观察小鼠胚泡着床率及平均着床胚泡数 ,筛选最佳造模剂量。②选用 0 0 8mg·只 -1米非司酮造模 ,采用放免法检测对照组和模型组的血清及子宫组织雌二醇、孕酮的含量 ,利用光镜和电镜观察子宫内膜及卵巢的形态结构。结果　①当米非司酮的剂量达 0 0 8mg·只 -1以上时 ,着床率和平均着床胚泡数均降低。②与对照组相比 ,模型组子宫内膜的发育明显受抑制 ,而血清及子宫组织的雌二醇和孕酮的含量、卵巢的形态结构均无改变。结论　于妊娠d 4皮下注射米非司酮 0 0 8mg·只 -1,可复制机制明确、稳定可靠的小鼠胚泡着床障碍模型     

血清β-HCG及孕酮测定在异位妊娠诊断中价值

目的探讨血清β-人绒毛膜促性腺激素(β-HCG)及孕酮(P)测定在异位妊娠诊断中意义。方法采用化学发光方法检测异位妊娠患者(试验组)与正常宫内妊娠早孕妇女(对照组)的血清β-HCG及孕酮值。结果异位妊娠患者血清β-HCG和孕酮含量均低于对照组,两组差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论孕早期联合检测血清β-HCG和P水平有助于异位妊娠早期诊断。     

雌、孕激素水平与复发性念珠菌性阴道炎的相关性研究

目的 通过研究雌、孕激素水平与复发性念珠菌性阴道炎的相关性，探索辅助治疗疾病的新方法。方法 对照组与研究组各50例均在黄体期，用化学发光法检测血清雌二醇和孕酮水平，阴道上皮细胞涂片采用巴氏染色法测嗜伊红细胞指数和邹褶指数。结果 患者血清孕酮水平下降与对照组比较有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；阴道上皮细胞嗜伊红细胞指数和邹褶指数与对照组比较无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论 复发性念珠菌性阴道炎受多种因素影响，其中之一可能与孕酮水平下降有关。     

血清孕酮在异位妊娠的早期诊断与治疗中的价值

目的探讨血清孕酮(PROG)在异位妊娠早期诊断与治疗中的价值。方法选择已确诊异位妊娠患者100例,正常宫内妊娠50例,采用放射免疫法(RIA)同期检测并比较两组血清孕酮值;观察比较异位妊娠患者在保守治疗过程中血清孕酮和人绒毛膜促性腺激素(β-HCG)降至正常值分别需要的时间。结果正常宫内妊娠者的血清孕酮显著高于异位妊娠者(P<0.01);异位妊娠患者在药物保守治疗中,血清孕酮下降至正常所需要的时间显著少于血β-HCG下降至正常值所需的时间。结论血清孕酮检测有助于鉴别正常妊娠与异位妊娠。     

血清抑制素-A水平与异位妊娠的相关性研究

目的探讨异位妊娠患者血清中抑制素-A(INH-A)的水平变化及临床意义。方法采用全自动化学发光免疫分析(CLIA)法对异位妊娠50例(观察组),正常孕妇50例(对照组)血清中INH-A、β-人绒毛膜促性腺激素(β-HCG)及孕酮水平进行检测。结果与对照组相比,观察组血清中INH-A(3.6±1.4)、β-HCG(308.5±57.9)、孕酮(29.8±9.4)的水平均明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论血清INH-A对异位妊娠的早期诊断和治疗起到积极的辅助作用。     

血清β-HCG和孕酮联合动态检测在异位妊娠早期诊断中的应用

目的探讨血清β—人绒毛膜促性腺激素（β—HCG）和孕酮联合检测在异位妊娠早期诊断中的应用。方法采用微粒子化学发光法分别检测84例正常妊娠（对照组）和62例异位妊娠（观察组）妇女血清β-HCG和孕酮的水平,比较两组间血清β-HCG及孕酮水平的变化。结果妊娠第4周β—HCG两组问差异无统计学意义,孕酮水平显著低于对照组（P〈0．05）;观察组第5、6周β-HCG和孕酮均显著低于对照组（P〈0．05）;观察组B—HCG和孕酮检联合检测诊断符合率明显高于单独检测β-HCG,联合检测确诊时间显著早于单独检测β-HCG（P〈0．05）。结论血清β—HCG和孕酮联合检测有助于异位妊娠的早期诊断,可提高早期异位妊娠诊断的符合率,值得临床推广应用。     

术前孕酮预测异位妊娠保守手术治疗预后的价值

目的观察术前血清孕酮水平在预测输卵管妊娠行保守手术后持续性输卵管妊娠穴persistentectopicpreg鄄nancy,PEP雪发生中的价值。方法对确诊为异位妊娠行腹腔镜下输卵管保守手术的住院患者50例,在术前24h内及术后第1、3、7、14天测定血清孕酮穴progesterone,P雪和人绒毛膜促性腺激素穴β-HCG雪水平至正常,用受试者工作特性曲线穴receiveroperatorcharacteris鄄ticcurve熏ROC雪确定用于预测PEP发生的最佳临界点穴bestcriticalpoints雪。结果50例患者中,PEP组9例,未发生持续性异位妊娠穴NonePEP雪组41例。术前PEP组P均值12.28ng/ml,NPEP组P均值6.42ng/ml,经t检验,P<0.05;其中术前血清孕酮>10ng/ml,术后发生PEP的危险性明显升高。结论术前血清孕酮水平对异位妊娠能否行保守手术的决策有一定的参考价值。     

异位妊娠的治疗方法分析

正常妊娠时,受精卵应着床于子宫腔前后壁宫底的内膜中,若受精卵着床于正常子宫腔内以外的地方统称为异位妊娠。由于异位妊娠绝大多数着床于子宫以外(95%以上发生的输卵管内),故习惯称宫外孕。严格来讲两者是有区别的,     

Degraded and undegraded carrageenans and experimental gastric and duodenal ulceration

The prevention of histamine-induced gastric and duodenal ulceration in the guinea-pig has been examined using a series of undegraded and degraded carrageenans. Undegraded carrageenans were active at lower doses than degraded carrageenans. The high viscosity of the undegraded carrageenans in solution prevented their use in larger doses. Degradation of carrageenan without serious loss of sulphate, gives a product which allows the dose to be increased to an extent that its effect more than offsets the slight loss in activity caused by the degradation. No single feature of carrageenan structure can be related to anti-ulcer activity although degradation, and hence reduction of molecular size, generally reduces activity. Sulphate contents over 30% have little apparent effect on activity; κ-carrageenans were not consistently different in anti-ulcer activity from Λ-carrageenans. This contrasts with the antipeptic activity of carrageenans where κ-carrageenans are less active than their Λ-counter-parts. As with antipeptic activity, the degree of anti-ulcer activity is probably determined by a combination of structural features which includes molecular size and polyanionic properties.     

Affective and Anxiety Disorders and Alcohol and Drug Dependence:

Depression and anxiety frequently coexist in patients with substance use disorders. This clinically-oriented article examiens the relationship between these conditions and emphasizes data showing that substances of abuse can cause signs and symptoms of both depression and anxiety. These substance-related syndromes appear to have a different course and prognosis than uncomplicated, independent anxiety and major depressive disorders, and clinicians should consider the role of alcohol and other drugs in all patients presenting with these complaints. The authors will also outline an approach for diagnosing and managing patients with the combination of a substance use and depressive or anxiety disorder.     

Alcohol and Substance Use and Abuse in Women and Children

No abstract available for this article.     

Glucosidase and fucosidase inhibitors and Advances in nucleosides and nucleotides.

The American Chemical Society Symposium "Glucosidase and fucosidase inhibitors" took place on 1 April 1998 and was organized by Professors Zbigniew J Witczak (UConn, School of Pharmacy, CT, USA), Kuniaki Tatsuta (Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan) and Waldemar Priebe, MD (Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, USA). Professor Witczak provided introductory remarks including the status of existing glucosidase inhibitors, and chaired the morning session, which consisted of six lectures. The symposium was well received, and was particularly attractive for those interested in networking, as attendance was about sixty. In addition, some participants and attendees presented posters on the subject during the regular poster session organized by the Division of Carbohydrate Chemistry.