食管鳞癌组织中p21蛋白的表达及意义

为探讨ｐ２１基因在食管癌发生中的意义，采用ＬＳＡＢ免疫组化染色法，对４３例食管癌手术标本的ｐ２１蛋白进行标记。结果发现：从正常鳞状上皮→癌旁不典型增生→鳞癌组织，ｐ２１的阳性表达率呈逐渐下降趋势，而且鳞癌组织中ｐ２１阳性表达率与正常鳞状上皮中ｐ２１的阳性表达率的差异有显著性（Ｐ〈０．００１）；同时，随着癌分化程度的下降，ｐ２１蛋白阳性表达率呈现下降趋势，低分化者阳性率显著低于中等分化及高分化者（Ｐ     

食管鳞癌发生过程中p16蛋白表达的变化

为探讨ｐ１６基因在食管癌发生中的意义，用免疫组织化学方法检测了７０例鳞状细胞癌患者的癌旁正常粘膜上皮、不典型增生和癌组织中的ｐ１６蛋白。结果发现：不典型增生组织中的ｐ１６蛋白表达较正常上皮明显下降（Ｐ＜０．０５），而癌组织中的ｐ１６蛋白表达又较不典型增生显著减低（Ｐ＜０．０５）。并且，随着癌分化程度的下降，ｐ１６蛋白阳性率呈下降趋势。低分化者阳性率显著低于高分化者（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结果表明：ｐ１６蛋白表达的变化是食管癌发生中的早期事件，并可能与癌的进展密切相关。     

食管鳞癌发生过程中p16蛋白表达的变化

为探讨Ｐ１６基因在食管癌发生中的意义，用免疫组织化学方法检测了７０例鳞状细胞癌患者的癌旁正常粘膜上皮、不典型增生和癌组织中的Ｐ１６蛋白。结果发现：不典型增生组织中的Ｐ１６蛋白表达较正常上皮明显下降（Ｐ〈０．０５），而癌组织中的Ｐ１６蛋白表达又较不典型增生显著减低（Ｐ〈０．０５）。并且，随着癌分化程度的下降，Ｐ１５蛋白阳性率呈下降趋势。低分化才阳性率显著低于高分化者。结果表明：Ｐ１６蛋白表达的变化是     

胃腺癌发生过程中Fas、Bax蛋白表达的变化

目的：为探讨Ｆａｓ、Ｂａｘ基因在胃癌发生过程中的意义。方法：用免疫组化ＡＢＣ方法检测了４８例胃腺癌组织，７４例非癌胃粘膜组织。结果：重度不典型增生组织及癌组织中Ｆａｓ蛋白表达率分别为３７５％、４５８％较正常胃粘膜上皮的８２３％显著下降（Ｐ＜００５），轻、重不典型增生组织及癌组织中Ｂａｘ蛋白表达率为４２８％，５００％，４３６％较正常胃粘膜上皮的８８２％显著下降（Ｐ＜００５）。中、高分化胃癌Ｆａｓ、Ｂａｘ蛋白阳性表达率显著高于低分化癌（Ｐ＜００５）。并且Ｆａｓ与Ｂａｘ在组织中的表达呈相关性（Ｐ＜００５）。结论：Ｆａｓ、Ｂａｘ蛋白表达变化发生在胃粘膜癌变的早期阶段，并可能与癌的进展密切相关，Ｆａｓ与Ｂａｘ在胃癌发生发展中有显著的相关性。     

食管鳞癌组织中P16、cyclinD1、CDK4的表达

目的探讨p16、cyclinD1、CDK4蛋白在食管鳞癌发生中的意义及其相互间的作用.方法采用LSAB免疫组化染色法,对43例食管癌手术标本的p16、cyclinD1、CDK4蛋白进行标记.结果在鳞癌组织中,3种抗体的阳性物质存在于细胞核中和/或胞浆中,且从正常鳞状上皮→癌旁不典型增生→鳞癌组织,p16的阳性率逐渐下降,而cyclinD1、CDK4的阳性率却逐渐上升.正常上皮与癌组织之间的阳性率差异均具有显著性(P＜0.05);随着癌分化程度下降,p16阳性率呈下降趋势,Ⅲ级与Ⅰ级鳞癌之间阳性率差异有显著性(P＜0.05),但未检出cyclinD1、CDK4与癌分化程度的关系.结论p16、cyclinD1、CDK4蛋白表达的变化是食管癌发生中的早期事件,三者构成的调节通路障碍可能参与了癌的发生.     

P53,P21与细胞周期调节蛋白在食管癌中的表达及意义

目的：探讨Ｐ５３、Ｐ２１、ｃｙｃｌｉｎＤ１、ＣＤｋ４基因及蛋白在食管癌发生中的意义及其相互间的作用。方法：采用ＩＳＡＢ免疫组化染色法，对４３例食管癌手术标本的Ｐ５３、Ｐ２１、ｃｙｃｌｉｎＤ、ＣＤｋ４蛋白进行标记。结果：在鳞癌组织中，四种抗体的阳性物质存在于细胞核中或胞浆中，在正常鳞状上皮主要存在于核中，且从正常鳞状上皮不典型增生鳞癌组织，Ｐ５３的阳性表达逐渐上升，Ｐ２１的阳性表达却随之下降；ｃｙｃ     

43例喉鳞癌组织中P21蛋白的表达

目的：探讨Ｐ２１ 基因在喉癌分化中的意义。方法：采用ＬＳＡＢ免疫组化染色法对４３ 例喉癌手术标本的Ｐ２１蛋白进行标记。结果：随癌分化程度下降Ｐ２１蛋白阳性表达率呈下降趋势，低分化者阳性率显著低于中等分化及高分化者（Ｐ＜ ０．０５）。结论：Ｐ２１ 蛋白表达的变化与癌的分化程度密切相关，是癌恶性程度的重要决定指标     

p53,p21及—c—erbB—2蛋白在大肠粘膜和肿瘤中的表达

目的探讨ｐ５３、ｐ２１、及ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２蛋白与大肠癌发生和发展的关系。方法运用免疫组化方法检测ｐ５３、ｐ２１、及ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２蛋白在６８例大肠癌、１１例大肠腺瘤、２６例癌旁粘膜及１５例正常大肠粘膜中的表达情况。结果①正常粘膜及癌旁粘膜中无ｐ５３蛋白过度表达。大肠癌ｐ５３蛋白表达率比腺瘤高（Ｐ＜０．０５）。正常粘膜ｐ２１及ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２蛋白的阳性表达率比癌、腺瘤及癌旁粘膜低（Ｐ＜０．０１或Ｐ＜０．０５）。②正常粘膜以３种蛋白全部阴性者为多，癌旁粘膜以１种蛋白阳性或全阴者为多。③ｐ５３及ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２蛋白阳性的大肠癌和腺瘤的ＰＣＮＡ（ｐｒｏｌｉｆｅｒａｔｉｎｇｃｅｌｎｕｃｌｅａｒａｎｔｉｇｅｎ，ＰＣＮＡ）增殖指数高（Ｐ＜０．０１或Ｐ＜０．０５），而ｐ２１蛋白阳性及阴性的大肠癌和腺瘤的ＰＣＮＡ指数无明显差别（Ｐ＞０．０５）。ｐ２１及ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２蛋白阳性对癌旁粘膜及正常粘膜的ＰＣＮＡ增殖指数无明显影响。结论癌基因和抑癌基因蛋白协同表达可能与大肠腺瘤和癌的发生有关，尤其与ｐ５３蛋白的关系较为密切，似通过导致细胞过度增殖而使肿瘤发生和恶性转化。     

p53蛋白在支气管粘膜上皮癌前病变的表达

应用免疫组化方法分析３４例肺鳞状细胞癌患者ｐ５３蛋白的表达。患者的组织切片包括癌旁正常上皮和（或）癌前病变。随着病程进展从支气管损伤→轻度发育异常→重度发育异常→原位癌→浸润癌，免疫染色细胞数量增加并出现在上皮的上层细胞。另外，ｐ５３阳性的支气管发育不良的病例，其相关的鳞癌ｐ５３蛋白也呈阳性。表明ｐ５３蛋白表达是肺鳞状细胞癌发生的早期事件，ｐ５３蛋白表达的常规检测可能对肺鳞状细胞癌的早期诊断有所帮助。     

食管鳞癌组织中p16、cyclinD1、CDK4的表达

目的：探讨p16、cyclinD1、CDK4蛋白在食管鳞癌发生中的意义及其相互间的作用。方法：采用LSAB免疫组化染色法,对43例食管癌手术标本的p16、cyclinD1、CDK4蛋白进行标记。结果：在鳞癌组织中,3种抗体的阳性物质存在于细胞核中和／或胞浆中,且从正常鳞状上皮→癌旁不典型增生→鳞癌组织,p16的阳性率逐渐下降,而p16、cyclinD1、CDK4的阳性率却逐渐上升。正常皮皮与癌组织之间的阳性率差异均有显著性（P＜0．05）;随着癌分化程度下降,p16阳性率呈下降趋势,Ⅲ级与Ⅰ级鳞癌之间阳性率差异有显著性（P＜0．05）,但未检出cyclinD1、CDK4与癌分化程度的关系。结论：p16、cyclinD1、CDK4蛋白表达的变化是食管癌发生中的早期事件,三者构成的调节通路障碍可能参与了癌的发生。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.