神经肽Y在自发性癫痫大鼠海马内过表达

目的探讨自发性癫痫大鼠(SER)海马中,神经肽Y(Neuropeptide Y,NPY)的表达变化。方法 RT-PCR检测自发性癫痫大鼠和正常对照组Wistar大鼠海马中NPY mRNA表达,ELISA试剂盒法检测NPY蛋白浓度变化。结果自发性癫痫大鼠海马中NPY mRNA表达水平和NPY蛋白的浓度比正常对照组Wistar大鼠明显上调(P0.01)。结论 NPY mRNA和蛋白过表达可能与自发性癫痫发生机制有关。     

海人酸诱导癫痫大鼠齿状回神经肽Y能苔状纤维侧枝发芽

目的：探讨海马苔状纤维侧枝发芽与癫痫发作敏感性形成的关系。材料与方法：在海人酸诱发大鼠出现癫痫发作后,采用免疫组织化学染色法观察大鼠海马齿状回内神经肽Ｙ能纤维的异常发芽。结果：首次证实在癫痫发作后７天时,在海马齿状回内分子层就已出现神经肽Ｙ能纤维的异常增生。结论：这可能是对癫痫发作后齿状回门区神经肽Ｙ能神经元缺失的一种代偿性变化。     

神经肽Y在癫痫发病机制中的作用

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a pancreatic polypeptide- related peptide, consisting of 36 amino acids. NPY is expressed in the nervous system widely and abundandy, mainly in the hippcampus, regulates the excitability of neurons through its receptors (Y1, Y2, Y5). In recent yeats the research progress indicated the changes induced by seizures in the level and distribution of NPY, its receptors subtypes and their respectire mRNAs in brain. The inhibitory action of NPY on glutamate- mediatedand in seizure phenomena, suggests that one of its roles in hippocampal physiology is to modulate neuronal excitability by regulating glutamate release.     

神经肽Y的基因及其表达调控

神经肽酪氨酸(NPY)是一种含36个氨基酸残基的生物活性多肽,在体内具有收缩血管,影响激素分泌,调节生物节律及摄食行为等多种生物学功能。本文从NPY cDNA克隆、基因结构与功能关系以及多种因素对其基因表达的调节等方面作一综述。     

大鼠神经肽Y前体融合蛋白在大肠杆菌中的超表达

应用逆转录－聚合酶链式反应（ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ）从大鼠腋组织钓得神经肽Ｙ（ＮＰＹ）ｃＤＮＡ编码区序列。经ＤＮＡ序列测定证实其准确性后，将该ｃＤＮＡ定向亚克隆入一大肠杆菌的表达载体ｐＭＡＬ－Ｃ＿２的果糖结合蛋白（ＭＢＰ）基因中。ＤＮＡ测序表明ＮＰＹｃＤＮＡ与表达载体中ＭＢＰ开放阅读框架一致。将重组质粒转入大肠杆茵ＤＨ５α菌系中，该重组大肠杆菌在液体ＬＢ培养基中经１ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ终浓度的ＩＰＴＧ诱导４ｈ，所表达的ＮＰＹ－ＭＢＰ融合蛋白产量高达大肠杆菌总蛋白量的６０％～７０％。超表达的ＮＰＹ经纯化后将为进一步进行结构与功能研究提供材料来源。     

自发性高血压大鼠组织和体液中神经肽Y含量的变化

神经肽Ｙ（ｎｅｕｒｏｐｅｐｔｉｄｅＹ,ＮＰＹ）是１９８２年Ｔａｔｅｍｏｔｏ等首先在猪脑中发现并提纯的一种生物活性多肽。它与去甲肾上腺素（ＮＥ）共存于交感神经的末梢内,且常与ＮＥ共同释放,两者作用类似,ＮＰＹ并能增强ＮＥ的缩血管作用。一般认为,ＮＰＹ可...     

神经肽Y—Y1受体样免疫反应物质在大鼠中枢神经系统的分布

为探明神经肽Ｙ受体在中枢神经系统的分布，用免疫组织化学方法，研究了ＮＰＹ－Ｙ１受体亚型免疫反应神经细胞及纤维在大鼠中枢神经系统的分布。     

神经肽Y和下丘脑与能量平衡的调节

下丘脑弓形核的神经肽Ｙ（ＮｅｕｒｏｐｅｐｔｉｄｅＹ，ＮＰＹ）神经元在机体能量贮存减少时对维持能量平衡起着重要的调节作用，下丘脑神经元能够表达和释放ＮＰＹ，该神经递质对机体能量平衡的调节起着重要作用，这些神经元的过度兴奋将导致肥胖。胰岛素和Ｌｅｐｔｉｎ抑制该类神经元的兴奋性，糖皮质激素则有增强作用。     

高脂血症对大鼠大脑皮质神经肽Y能神经元的影响

目的观察高脂血症对大鼠大脑皮质神经肽Y(neuropeptide Y,NPY)能神经元的影响。方法雄性SD大鼠60只,随机分为实验组和对照组(n=30)。实验组饲以高脂饲料,于高脂饲料喂养7d、30d、90d后取大脑组织行免疫组化染色,显微图像分析。结果与正常对照组相比,高脂饲料喂养30d和90d后,大鼠血清总胆固醇浓度显著升高,NPY免疫阳性神经元数目和光密度增加(p<0.05),90d显著增加(p<0.01)。结论高脂血症时,NPY在大鼠大脑皮质过表达。     

大鼠神经肽Y前体cDNA克隆,测序及哺乳动物细胞表达载体的构建

利用逆转录－聚合酶链反应（ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ）从大鼠脑组织中钩得神经肽Ｙ前体ｃＤＮＡ编码区序列，将该ｃＤＮＡ定向亚克隆入哺乳动物细胞表达载体ｐＲｃ／ＣＭＶ中，构建了重组质粒ｐＲｃ／ＣＭＶ－ＮＰＹ。经双脱氧核苷酸终止法对插入片段作序列分析，证明ＮＰＹｃＤＮＡ序列的准确性及插入方向正确。     

Effects of acupuncture on chronic corticosterone-induced depression-like behavior and expression of neuropeptide Y in the rats

Repeated injection of corticosterone (CORT) induces dysregulation in the HPA axis, resulting in depression and anxiety. Many studies have shown that acupuncture, which is widely used for the treatment of stress and mental illness, in East Asian countries, is an effective therapeutic intervention for psychosomatic disorders. We investigated the influence of acupuncture therapy on chronic CORT-induced behavioral responses to the forced swimming test (FST) and elevated plus maze (EPM) and expression of neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the rat brain using immunohistochemistry. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with CORT (40 mg/kg, i.p.) once daily for 19 consecutive days. The dysregulation of HPA axis by external injection of CORT was confirmed by measuring the CORT concentration in plasma and the expression level of CRF in hypothalamus. Acupuncture was performed at the PC6 acupoint for 5 min before CORT injection. Acupuncture significantly reduced depression- and anxiety-like behavior and increased NPY expression in the hypothalamus. These results demonstrated that stimulation of the PC6 acupoint suppresses the symptopathology of the hypoactivated HPA axis in chronic CORT-induced rat model of depression.     

Changes in the noradrenalin content and nuclear RNA synthesis in the rat brain during disturbance of emotional and conditioned-defensive behavior

Exhaustion of the noradrenalin (NA) reserves in the rat brain caused by administration of reserpine or dopamine--oxidase blockers (disulfiram, diethyldithiocarbamate) is accompanied by a decrease in nuclear RNA synthesis and disturbances of emotional and conditioned defensive behavior. During the accumulation of cerebral NA (following injection of iproniazid or imipramine) the rate of synthesis of nuclear RNA rises. Prevention of the exhausting effect of reserpine by preliminary injection of iproniazid also prevents the disturbance of nuclear RNA synthesis.Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR V. V. Zakusov.Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 80, No. 9, pp. 36–39, September, 1975.     

亚慢性铝暴露对大鼠学习记忆及大脑皮质c-fos mRNA和c-Fos蛋白表达的影响

目的:探讨亚慢性铝暴露对大鼠学习记忆能力的影响,分析大脑皮质即刻早基因表达变化,初步探索铝对认知功能损害的毒性作用及机制。方法:随机将孕大鼠分为对照组和低、中、高染铝组,染毒组仔鼠出生后首日连续染毒3个月,然后各组大鼠进行水迷宫测试,铝含量检测,皮质神经细胞病理学观察,皮质c-fos mRNA和蛋白表达水平检测。结果:铝含量随染毒剂量增加而升高;染铝组学习记忆能力明显低于对照组,并呈剂量-效应关系;染铝组皮质神经细胞呈现神经纤维稀疏、神经元细胞脱失甚至空泡样变性等病理改变;中、高剂量组皮质区c-fos mRNA表达水平分别低于对照组和低剂量组。染铝组皮质区c-Fos蛋白表达水平低于对照组。随染毒剂量增加,c-fos mRNA和蛋白表达水平降低并具有一定的相关性。结论:亚慢性铝暴露损害大鼠学习记忆能力,其机制可能与铝造成皮质神经细胞功能减弱(即刻早基因c-fos mRNA和蛋白表达水平下降)有关。     

苯丙胺对大鼠行为、学习能力及海马CA3区突触素表达的影响

目的观察苯丙胺对大鼠行为、空间辨别性学习能力和海马CA3区突触素表达的影响。方法将45只健康雄性SD大鼠随机分为:正常对照组、生理盐水组和苯丙胺组。①苯丙胺组每天肌注0.5mg/kg苯丙胺1次;②生理盐水组即注射等体积生理盐水;③正常对照组不予任何处理。每组大鼠分14d、28d和42d三个时间段进行一般行为学、学习记忆能力及海马CA3区突触素表达的检测。结果①苯丙胺组大鼠在注射苯丙胺10d后出现直立、点头、狂躁等行为改变。正常对照组、生理盐水组均无此现象出现;②苯丙胺组大鼠空间辨别性学习记忆能力的影响,在第1、2个时间段与对照组的比未见组间差异,在第3时间段的平均运行时间和正确率比对照组的延长和降低(P<0.05)。③苯丙胺组大鼠海马CA3区突触素表达在第一阶段比对照组的减少,并随着用药时间的延长减少的更明显(P<0.05)。结论苯丙胺对空间辨别性学习记忆时大鼠行为及海马CA3区突触素表达有影响。     

自发性高血压鼠脑底动脉NPY-R Y1 mRNA的表达及其意义

目的：探讨自发性高血压鼠脑动脉神经肽Y受体Y1（Neuropeptide Y receptor Y1，NPY-R Y1）在高血压时期脑血液循环的神经源性调节作用，探讨NPY-R Y1在高血压的发生和维持中的作用。方法：应用免疫印迹（Western blotting）技术，观察自发性高血压鼠脑基底动脉NPY-R Y1的表达变化；应用逆转录-聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR），以β-actin为内参照基因，检测自发性高血压鼠脑基底动脉NPY-R Y1 mRNA的表达变化；结果：自发性高血压鼠脑基底动脉NPY-R Y1的表达及NPY-R Y1 mRNA的表达均较正常血压鼠明显增加。结论：NPY-R Y1在高血压鼠脑血液循环的神经源性调节以及在高血压的发生和维持中可能起重要作用。     

Increased expression of preproneuropeptide Y and preprosomatostatin mRNA in striatum after selective serotoninergic lesions in rats

The levels of neuropeptide Y and somatostatin may change when serotoninergic neurotransmission is altered in different brain regions. To assess whether serotonin regulates the synthesis of these peptides, we measured the levels of preproneuropeptide Y (ppNPY) and preprosomatostatin (ppSOM) mRNA in different brain regions after intracerebroventricular injection of 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine (5,7-DHT), a selective serotonin neurotoxin. The mRNA of these peptides significantly increased in the striatum but not in hippocampus and frontal cortex. It thus appears that serotonin has an inhibitory effect on the biosynthesis of neuropeptide Y and somatostatin in striatum whereas it probably acts by stimulating the release of these peptides in hippocampus and frontal cortex.     

Stress-induced changes in behavior and function of the neurohormonal systems in monkeys differing in social rank

Research Institute of Experimental Pathology and Therapy, Sukhumi. (Presented by Academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences B. A. Lapin.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 114, No. 11, pp. 457–459, November, 1992.     

Effect of neuropeptide Y on behavior and on the time course of the brain noradrenalin level

Laboratory of General Physiology of Functional Systems, P. K. Anokhin Research Institute of Normal Physiology, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. Institute of Pathophysiology, Szeged Medical University, Hungary. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR I. P. Ashmarin). Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 108, No. 8, pp. 132–135, August, 1989.