IRMA测定血清IGF-1的方法评估

胰岛素生长因子-1(IGF-1)是一个氨基酸序列与胰岛素相似的多肽。是由垂体分泌的生长激素(GH)作用于肝脏等外周组织和器官合成并分泌的。循环中的IGF-1与其结合蛋白结合(IGFBP-3)结合,呈结合状态。IGF-1是许多细胞系重要的有丝分裂原,具有促进细胞分裂、增殖、抑制细胞凋亡的功能。目前实验室测定血清IGF-1的方法有色     

丝胶对Ⅱ型糖尿病大鼠海马生长激素/胰岛素样生长因子-1轴的作用

目的:探讨丝胶对Ⅱ型糖尿病大鼠海马生长激素(GH)/胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)轴的作用.方法:雄性SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组、糖尿病模型组、丝胶治疗组和阳性对照组.2％链脲佐菌素3d连续腹腔注射的方法建立Ⅱ型糖尿病大鼠模型后,丝胶治疗组和阳性对照组大鼠分别给予丝胶和二甲双胍灌胃治疗35 d.ELISA法检测各组大鼠血清GH和IGF-1水平,免疫印迹和RT-PCR法分别检测大鼠海马GH、生长激素受体(GHR)和IGF-1蛋白和mRNA的表达.结果:与正常对照组大鼠比较,糖尿病模型大鼠血清GH水平、海马GH的表达明显升高,血清IGF-1水平、海马GHR和IGF-1的表达明显降低;与糖尿病模型组大鼠比较,丝胶治疗组大鼠血清GH水平、海马GH的表达明显降低,血清IGF-1水平、海马GHR和IGF-1的表达明显升高.结论:丝胶可通过调节糖尿病海马GH/IGF-1轴的异常变化减轻海马损伤.     

生长激素、胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ与骨质疏松

生长激素（GH）和胰岛素样生长因子Ⅰ（IGF-Ⅰ）对于骨骼的生长发育以及维持骨量和骨密度具有十分重要的作用，GH与IGF-Ⅰ水平下降是导致骨质疏松的机制之一。动物实验和临床研究发现应用GH、IGF-Ⅰ可以改善骨密度、有利于促进骨折愈合，小剂量GH、IGF-Ⅰ治疗骨质疏松有很好的应用前景。本文综述了GH-IGF-Ⅰ轴与骨骼代谢的关系及其在骨质疏松治疗中的进展。     

检测血清IGF-1和IGFBP-3对儿童生长激素缺乏症的诊断价值

目的：探讨血清胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)和胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白-3(IGFBP-3)浓度在诊断生长激素缺乏症(GHD)患儿中的应用价值。方法：用免疫放射分析检测38例GHD患儿和42例对照儿童的血清IGF-1和IGFBP-3,同时进行生长激素(GH)激发试验,用化学发光法检测GH,对两组结果进行比较。结果：GHD组患儿IGF-1和IGFBP-3均显著低于对照组儿童,且在GH激发试验中,GH的增加值也明显低于对照组。结论：检测血清中的IGF-1和IGFBP-3,对诊断GHD儿童具有重要价值。     

儿童生长障碍的研究进展

儿童身高受GH1基因多态性、维生素D受体基因多态性、PTHR1基因多态性、雌激素及其受体的基因多态性、Y染色体的多态性等影响。在GHD的诊断中,单个IGF-1、IGFBP-3检测逊于GH激发试验,而三者联合使用诊断率及准确皆很高,最具诊断价值。儿童生长障碍的不同时期均可应用生长激素(GH)治疗(骨骺愈合除外),多数研究认为有效而安全,多数研究认为生长障碍儿童青春发动时GH和促性腺激素释放激素类似物(GnRHa)联合应用可使最终身高超过预期身高,芳香化酶抑制剂(AI)临床应用初步认为有效。     

有生长追赶SGA大鼠促生长素轴的改变

目的: 研究青春前期有生长追赶的小于胎龄(SGA)大鼠促生长素轴的改变,探讨SGA个体生长追赶可能的发生机制。方法: 应用孕鼠全程饮食限制法制备SGA大鼠模型,测定4周龄子鼠尿生长激素(GH)排泄率、血胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)浓度、肝脏组织IGF-1 mRNA表达和胫骨生长板IGF-1、胰岛素样生长因子-1受体(IGF-1R)表达。结果: 有生长追赶SGA(CUG-SGA)大鼠尿GH水平显著高于无生长追赶SGA(NCUG-SGA)和适于胎龄(AGA)大鼠(P<0.05,P<0.01);血IGF-1水平CUG-SGA显著高于NCUG-SGA组(P<0.01),与AGA组无显著差异。CUG-SGA组肝脏IGF-1 mRNA表达较NCUG-SGA显著增高(P<0.01),与AGA相比无显著差异。胫骨生长板形态学的改变:SGA鼠生长板增殖区每柱细胞数较少,各期软骨细胞排列不规则。 NCUG-SGA组生长板总厚度、各区厚度均较CUG-SGA和AGA组显著降低;CUG-SGA组生长板厚度与AGA组比较无显著差异,但肥大区厚度较NCUG-SGA和AGA组显著增高(P<0.01,P<0.05)。CUG-SGA 组胫骨生长板软骨细胞IGF-1表达较NCUG-SGA显著增多(P<0.01),与AGA组比较无显著差异;3组间IGF-1R表达无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论: SGA大鼠无论生后追赶与否均存在GH/IGF-1轴抵抗,其生后不同的线性生长追赶方式可部分归咎于其抵抗程度。     

小儿Turner综合征30例临床分析

为了进一步了解Turner综合征的核型、生长激素（GH）、胰岛素样生长因子（IGF-1）、胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白3（IGF-BP3），我们总结了30例特纳综合征患者，发现大部分患者都有GH、IGF-1、IGF-BP3缺乏，45，XO为其主要核型。     

生长激素长效制剂的研究概况

人生长激素(human growth hormone,hGH)是由脑垂体前叶中的生长激素细胞合成、存储和分泌的一种肽类激素,主要生理功能为促进身体各组织、器官及骨骼中受体细胞的蛋白质合成和脂肪分解,从而调节机体代谢和生长发育,是人体内最重要的促进生长的激素.生长激素不同于类固醇激素,不会产生糖皮质激素或性激素样的副作用...     

生长激素与免疫调节作用

生长激素(Growth Hormone,GH)是一种由脑垂体合成的22KD的蛋白质.它由19个氨基酸组成.过去对它的研究主要是探讨其促进肝糖元和脂肪的分解作用.后来发现GH可以促进淋巴样组织增生,尤其是对胸腺组织增生颇为明显.提示GH可能影响机体的免疫功能.     

“交叉通讯”在人垂体生长激素腺瘤激素分泌中的调控作用研究

目的:探讨在人垂体生长激素腺瘤中,细胞内信号的交叉通讯对生长激素分泌的调控作用。方法:采用体外垂体生长激素(GH)腺瘤细胞培养方法,观察在生长激素释放激素(GHRH)和人工合成的GH释放肽(GHRP-6)刺激下,2种垂体腺瘤细胞内信号系统的交叉通讯在GH释放中的调控作用。结果:GHRH和GHRP-6对垂体腺瘤的GH分泌有协同刺激效应。cAMP、PKC在两种信号传导系统的交叉通讯中起着重要作用。结论:在垂体GH腺瘤的激素释放调控中,多种细胞内信号的“交叉通讯”有重要意义。     

Growth

Freud's concepts on the innate and the experiential, applied as they were essentially to the psychic structure, are discussed because, as Winnicott (1952) indicates, 'the psyche grows out of the soma almost from birth' (see also Bion, 1962). The maternal function is basic to the growth in the first months and, to a lesser extent, is basic all through the growing process, which is particularly fast and demanding during the first three years. The fact tha the 'maternal function', essential for growth in the early stage, is comprised of events which the baby either experiences or is lacking, such as bodily early contacts, being held in the arms and the quality of holding, eye to eye communication on which baby's apperception develops is underlined. The quality of early physical care is to be seen, in the author's view, as the food on which basic individual growth takes place. Deviations and distortions of growth, where no genetic and/or organic explanation may be found, have to be studied in this light. This is particularly true with young babies, where maternal deprivation is a frequent cause of malnutrition.     

Plant Play Therapy: Growth through Growth

Having a hospitalized child care for plants is presented asa method through which the child can be helped to adjust tothe hospital. The child becomes in this way a caregiver to theplant, can role play "medical" procedures with it, and can usethe plant to symbolize growth, healing, and the constructiveresolution of parent-separation fears.     

Growth Factors

Growth factors are polypeptides that interact with specific cellular receptors leading to many different biological responses. There are various families of growth factors that have similar biochemical structures. Although many growth factors stimulate, cell proliferation, a few have primarily inhibitory functions, such as transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ). Growth factors regulate various modes of action of endocrine tissues, including autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine functions. Recent studies have shown that growth factors also regulate various proteins in the cell cycle, and may have a direct or indirect effect on cell proliferation. For example, TGFβ regulates various inhibitory cell-cycle proteins, including p27^kipl and p15^INK4B. Molecular analyses of growth factors, including the cloning and sequencing of specific growth factor receptors, have contributed greatly to our understanding of the role these factors play in cellular homeostasis and neoplastic development. Presented in part at the Molecular Endocrine Pathology Symposium at the International Academy of Pathology XXI International Congress, Budapest, Hungary, October 20–25, 1996.     

Epidermal Growth Factor Modulates Fetal Thymocyte Growth and Differentiation

In the present study, we used the fetal organ culture (FTOC) technique in order to study a putative effect of epidermal growth factor (EGF) on the thymus ontogeny. Functional EGF receptors and more recently the EGF molecule itself, respectively, on the membrane of epithelial components of thymic stroma and on a few thymocytes in adult thymus, had been reported in the literature. We could observe a dose-dependent decrease in cellularity and a progressive retention of thymocytes in the double-negative (CD4^-/CD8^-) stage of differentiation when exogenous EGF was added. Epidermal growth factor interfered with both fetal stroma growth and thymocyte development at a precise moment, that is, in the passage from double-negative to the double-positive (CD4⁺/CD8⁺) stage. After a 7-day FTOC in the presence of EGF, most cells recovered were Thy-1.2⁺, c-kit⁺, TSA1^-/int, CD3^-, and one of CD44^high/CD25^int, CD44^-/CD25^int, or CD44^-/CD25^-. Some developed into γδTCR⁺ cells with a mature (CD3⁺) phenotype, but not into αβTCR⁺ thymocytes. It seems that EGF addition makes the cultures "nonpermissible" for αβTCR⁺ thymocyte generation. We report here the presence of a high Mr "EGF-like" molecule on the membrane of fetal thymocytes, which role in the observed effects is under investigation. Further biochemical characterization of this molecule is still required, because its presence was only evidenced on the basis of its antigenicity.     

Growth hormone therapy

Growth hormone therapy with rhGH (recombinant human growth hormone) has been recommended for treatment of GH deficient short stature in children, repeated hypoglycemias in infancy and early childhood due to GH deficiency, short stature accompanying chronic renal failure prior to renal transplantation and Turner's syndrome. It is now increasingly recommended to adults with GH deficiency following pituitary tumour surgery or irradiation or idiopathic hypopituitarism. There are other indications for its use where evidence for protein catabolism is very strong such as burns injury. The end points of GH therapy in children include achievement of desirable adult height or a growth rate velocity of < 2.5 cm/year. In adults GH deficiency, GH therapy is intended for improvement of general well being, body composition and metabolic markers of GH function.