A comparison of the vascular density of VEGF expression with microvascular density determined with CD34 and CD31 staining and conventional prognostic markers in renal cell carcinoma

Aim The aim of this study was to compare the vascular density of Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression with microvascular density determined by CD34 and CD31 with conventional prognostic parameters. Methods The study involved 50 renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cases. VEGF, CD34, and CD31 were stained by immunohistochemistry, and then preparations were evaluated by two pathologists under light microscopy. The whole tumor area was scrutinized in all the sections. In the evaluation of VEGF, due to the lack of homogenous staining within the tumor, two parameters, distribution and intensity of expression, were evaluated semiquantitively. In the evaluation of microvascular density with CD34 and CD31 staining, three hot areas with the highest density were determined. In ×200 magnification of these areas, on a single plane, the quantity of vascular structures with lumens was determined. Results Intensity of VEGF Expression was higher in papillary type carcinoma of kidney parenchyma (P = 0.014) and it was significantly correlated with tumor stage (P = 0.013), survival time (P = 0.01), and tumor size (P = 0.035). Distribution of VEGF expression was also higher in papillary RCC (P = 0.055) and it was significantly correlated with tumor stage (P = 0.043) and tumor size (P = 0.039). Vascular density determined with CD34 staining was higher in conventional RCC (P < 0.05); in addition, it was significantly correlated with distribution and intensity of VEGF expression (P < 0.05) and tumor stage (P < 0.05). Vascular density determined with CD31 staining was not significantly correlated with tumor type, tumor stage, nuclear grade, and survival time. Conclusions Intensity and distribution of VEGF were higher in papillary RCC. Both parameters were significantly correlated with tumor size, stage, and vascular density determined with CD34 staining. Intensity of VEGF was also significantly correlated with capsule invasion. Vascular density determined with CD34 staining, however, was higher in conventional RCC, and it was correlated with tumor size and stage.     

肾细胞癌VEGF表达和MVD检测的临床意义

目的 探讨肾细胞癌（RCC）组织中血管内皮细胞生长因子（VEGF）的表达与肿瘤间质微血管密度（MVD）检测的临床意义。方法 采用免疫组化方法对65例肾细胞癌（RCC）及10例正常肾组织进行VEGF单克隆抗体及CD34单克隆抗体染色，观察RCC的VEGF表达与MVD之间的相关性。结果 VEGF的表达与肿瘤间质微血管密度之间存在正相关性，二者均与RCC的病理分级、临床分期及远处转移显著相关（P〈0.05，P〈O．001）。结论 VEGF与MVD可客观准确反映RCC的生物学行为，上述二项指标可作为评估RCC恶性程度、转移及预后的重要指标。     

Angiogenesis in renal cell carcinoma: Evaluation of microvessel density, vascular endothelial growth factor and matrix metalloproteinases

BACKGROUND: Angiogenesis, the growth of new blood vessels, has a critical role in tumor growth and metastasis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the involvement of angiogenesis and angiogenic factors in the pathogenesis of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). METHODS: Formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue blocks from 70 patients with RCC were studied. The situations of tumor angiogenesis were evaluated by assessing microvessel density (MVD) through CD31 immunostaining. The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) was detected immunohistochemically. RESULTS: The value of MVD ranged from 12.0 to 93.0 with a median of 39.91 in RCC. Of the 70 RCCs, the expression of VEGF was detected in 52 (74.3%), MMP-2 in 29 (41.4%) and MMP-9 in 19 (27.1%) cases. Statistical analysis revealed significant associations of the tumor stage with MVD, and the expression of VEGF and MMP-2 in RCC. Additionally, MVD was closely related to the expression of VEGF but was not related to the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in RCC. CONCLUSION: The degree of angiogenesis may be closely related to the tumor progression of RCC. The expression of VEGF may be responsible for angiogenesis in RCC, and both VEGF and MMP-2 expression may function as tumor associated angiogenic factors in RCC.     

Histopathological analysis of angiogenic factors in renal cell carcinoma

AIM: The present study was carried out to clarify whether a histopathological analysis of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) and matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) can help predict the outcome of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). We examined the expression of VEGF, TGF-beta1 and MMP-2 in a large series of RCC with a long follow-up, based on histopathological factors and survival. METHODS: Immunostaining for VEGF, TGF-beta1 and MMP-2 was performed on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections from 84 patients with RCC who underwent nephrectomy at our institution between 1985 to 2000. The microvessel density (MVD) of tumor tissue was measured after it immunohistochemically stained with CD105 (Endoglin) monoclonal antibody. RESULTS: A significant association was observed in the expression of VEGF and TGF-beta1 regarding the stage (P < 0.01, P < 0.01), nuclear grade (P < 0.01, P < 0.01) and MVD (P < 0.001, P < 0.001), respectively. However, no correlation was found among the results of MMP-2, nuclear grade and MVD. A multivariate analysis demonstrated both the nuclear grade and MVD to be independent prognostic factors. CONCLUSION: Our results suggested that the expression of both VEGF and/or TGF-beta1 can be useful predictive prognostic factors RCC. In addition, a multivariate analysis demonstrated MVD to be an independent prognostic factor of RCC.     

膀胱癌组织中血管内皮生长因子的表达及与血管生成的关系

目的 探讨血管内皮生长因子（ＶＥＧＦ）在原发性膀胱移行细胞癌中的表达及其与膀胱癌血管生成之间的关系。方法 免疫组织化学技术检测６８例原发性膀胱移行细胞癌和７例正常膀胱组织中血管内皮生长因子的表达,测定４０例浸润性膀胱癌的微血管密度,并分析ＶＥＧＦ和ＭＶＤ间以及它们与膀胱癌病理分级和临床分期间的关系。结果 ＶＥＧＦ在正常膀胱中不表达或低表达,而在膀胱表达较强;ＶＥＧＦ表达及ＭＶＤ值均与肿瘤的病理分级     

内皮抑素基因对ACHN RCC中VEGF和MVD表达的影响

目的：利用已构建的带有内皮抑素基因真核表达载体质粒（pSecES）导入裸鼠人肾癌细胞系肾细胞癌（ACHN RCC）中,研究内皮抑素基因对血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）和微血管密度（MVD）表达的影响.方法：将荷瘤裸鼠随机分为3组,每组8只.干预组每只裸鼠瘤内3点注射复合物100μl,内含30μl梭华-Sofasttm和30μg pSecES质粒;对照组每只裸鼠瘤内3点注射复合物100μl,内含30μl梭华-Sofasttm和30μg pcDNA3.1质粒;空白组每只裸鼠瘤内3点注射生理盐水100μl.各组每只裸鼠间隔3天注射1次,连续注射3次.接种后第34天处死裸鼠,取肿瘤组织按SP法进行免疫组织化学染色,检测MVD和VEGF的表达情况.结果：干预组ACHN RCC的生长较对照组和空白组明显受到抑制,干预组CD34标记的MVD的表达和VEGF的表达较对照组和空白组低.结论：内皮抑素基因导入可以抑制荷瘤裸鼠ACHN RCC的生长,而且MVD和VEGF在ACHNRCC的表达减少.     

Tumor-Associated Macrophage Correlated with Angiogenesis and Progression of Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma of Salivary Glands

Background   There is considerable controversy about whether tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) promote or inhibit tumor progression. The present study examined the clinicopathologic significance of TAMs and their association with tumor angiogenesis, cell proliferation, and apoptosis in mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC). The potential effect of TAMs on cancer cells was also investigated. Methods  CD68, CD34, Ki-67, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A immunohistochemical staining and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) were applied to samples from 41 MEC patients. The biologic effect of macrophages on MEC cancer cells was examined in a co-culture system. Results  The proliferation index (PI) was 11.7 ± 5.9%, and the apoptotic index (AI) was 4.1 ± 2.3% in cancer patients. PI was significantly correlated with tumor grade, and the PI/AI ratio was significantly correlated with tumor size and stage. The distributions of intratumoral TAMs and microvessel density (MVD) were heterogeneous. TAM count associated strongly with tumor size, grading, and MEC staging. A greater intratumoral MVD was observed frequently in patients with large, intermediate/high-grade, and advanced-stage tumors. VEGF-A expression correlated significantly with tumor size and stage. MVD count was closely associated with TAM count and VEGF-A expression. Co-cultured cancer cells with macrophages increased migration and invasion ability of cancer cells. Co-cultured endothelial cells with cancer cells elevated VEGF-A expression, proliferation, and migration, and tube formation of endothelial cells. Conclusion  Our data suggest that TAMs play a tumor-promoting role in MEC. The TAM count, intratumoral MVD, and PI/AI ratio are potentially useful markers of progression in patients with MEC.     

Thymidine phosphorylase/platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor (PD-ECGF) associated with prognosis in renal cell carcinoma

We investigated the correlation between thymidine phosphorylase (TP)/platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor (PD-ECGF) expression, angiogenesis, and prognosis in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients. We prepared paraffin block specimens from 56 postradical nephrectomy RCC patients. The preparations were immunohistochemically stained using anti-CD34 antibody and anti-TP antibody. Angiogenic findings were evaluated based on both microvessel density (MVD) and renal arteriography findings as classified by Roosen et al. TP expression showed heterogeneity in 56 patients: 11 (19.6%) were negative, 28 (50.0%) weak, and 17 (30.4%) positive. There was no correlation between TP expression, MVD, and renal arteriography. There was no TP expression in chromophobe types. Univariate analysis showed a significant correlation between survival and TP expression, patient age, tumor infiltration type, pathologic T- and N-stages, venous involvement, distant metastasis, and tumor grade. There was no correlation between survival and MVD or renal arteriography. Multivariate analysis showed a significant correlation between survival and pathologic T-stage, distant metastasis, tumor infiltration type, and TP expression. TP expression in RCC may be an independent prognostic factor rather than just an index for angiogenesis. Received: 26 June 2000 / Accepted: 11 October 2000     

血管内皮生长因子对骨肉瘤的血管生成及转移预后的影响

目的 :研究血管内皮生长因子 (VEGF)对骨肉瘤血管生成、生长、转移及预后的影响。方法 :对 69例骨肉瘤患者的临床病理资料进行回顾性研究 ,应用CD3 4、VEGF单克隆抗体对其组织切片分别进行免疫组化染色 ,应用地高辛标记的VEGF探针对 2 7例原发性骨肉瘤进行原位杂交染色。分析研究了VEGF表达与CD3 4染色阳性的血管密度的关系 ,所有上述临床病理资料及染色结果与患者预后情况进行统计学分析。结果 :在 3 9例 (5 6.5 % )VEGF表达阳性的标本中 ,CD3 4染色阳性的肿瘤微血管密度 (MVD)明显较 3 0例VEGF表达阴性的血管密度高 (P <0 .0 5 )。多元回归分析显示 ,血管密度 (MVD)增高及VEGF表达阳性与骨肉瘤患者的远隔转移发生、不良预后密切相关 (P <0 .0 5 )。临床病理资料中 ,外科手术边界微小病灶阳性情况、Enneking外科分期、肿瘤大小和患者年龄与患者预后相关 (P <0 .0 5 )。患者性别、手术方法分类以及病理亚型与预后无相关性。结论 :VEGF在骨肉瘤的血管生成和转移中起到重要作用 ,VEGF是骨肉瘤血管生成的决定性刺激因子 ,骨肉瘤微血管密度 (MVD)和骨肉瘤组织中VEGF表达情况是骨肉瘤患者的独立性预后因素。     

转录因子SP1和血管内皮生长因子及CD34的表达与浆膜浸润胃癌生物学行为的关系

目的探讨转录因子SP1、血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）和CD34在浆膜浸润胃癌组织中的表达及与其生物学行为和预后的关系。方法应用免疫组织化学方法检测68例浆膜浸润胃癌组织中SPI、VEGF和CD34[以微血管密度（MVD）值表示]的表达。结果SP1和VEGF表达阳性率分别为50．0％和52．9％。VEGF阳性率在SP1表达阳性的胃癌组织中为73．5％,在SP1阴性表达的胃癌组织中则为32．4％．差异有统计学意义（X^2=11．57,P=0．01）。SP1和VEGF表达水平与MVD值显著相关（P〈0．01）;SP1表达与肿瘤大小和肿瘤生长方式显著相关（P=0．01）;VEGF表达和MVD值与肿瘤分化程度、Bomnann分型、淋巴结转移和肿瘤生长方式显著相关（P〈0．01）。单因素分析表明,SP1、VEGF、MVD值、Borrmann分型、淋巴结转移和肿瘤生长方式与S1患者预后显著相关（P〈0．05）;多因素分析表明SP1、MVD值和肿瘤生长方式是预后的独立影响因素。结论SP1、VEGF和MVD值对于判断胃癌生物学行为有重要价值,SP1和MVD值可以作为判断胃癌预后的临床指标。     

Inverse correlation of microvessel density with metastasis and prognosis in renal cell carcinoma

BACKGROUND: Although a correlation between microvessel density (MVD) and tumor aggressiveness has been established for several malignancies, the data for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is conflicting. In order to clarify the significance of MVD, we investigated the relationships between MVD and tumor stage, grade, size, occurrence of metastasis and patient survival. METHODS: Tumor specimens from 70 patients with primary renal cell carcinoma were examined by immunohistochemical staining for CD34. RESULTS: There was a tendency for MVD to decrease from G1 to G3 tumors or from stage T1 to T3 tumors, although this was not statistically significant. However, the MVD for 56 non-metastatic and 14 metastatic tumors were significantly different (P = 0.005) at 109 +/- 67 and 58 +/- 35 per x400 field (mean +/- SD), respectively. Microvessel density for 36 large and 34 small tumors was also significantly different (P < 0.0001) at 48 +/- 22 and 142 +/- 54 per x400 field, respectively. The survival rate of patients with small, low grade and hypervascular tumors was significantly higher than that of patients with large (P = 0.0015), high grade (P = 0.05) or low MVD (P = 0.039) tumors. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed that tumor grade and size emerged as independent prognostic factors. CONCLUSION: High MVD in RCC was inversely associated with tumor aggressiveness, but MVD was not the independent prognostic factor.     

Increased expression of caveolin-1 and microvessel density correlates with metastasis and poor prognosis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship of caveolin-1 expression and microvessel density (MVD), a reflection of angiogenesis, with metastasis and prognosis in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections of clear cell RCC from 67 patients who had undergone radical nephrectomy were stained immunohistochemically with specific antibodies against caveolin-1 and CD34. Caveolin-1 immunostaining was semi-quantitatively estimated based on the proportion (percentage of positive cells) and intensity. MVD was determined with CD34-stained slides. The expression pattern of caveolin-1 and MVD was compared with the clinicopathological variables. RESULTS: Eighteen patients had either synchronous or metachronous metastases and 11 died during the follow-up. Caveolin-1 intensity was significantly correlated with tumour size (P = 0.005), TNM stage (P = 0.028), M stage (P = 0.012), grade (P = 0.015), and metastasis (synchronous or metachronous; P < 0.001). The caveolin-1 proportion (P = 0.037) and MVD (P = 0.011) were significantly correlated with metastasis. MVD was correlated with caveolin-1 intensity (r = 0.385, P = 0.001) and caveolin-1 proportion (r = 0.388, P = 0.001). There was no difference in the expression of caveolin-1 and MVD between primary and metastatic sites. The survival of patients with higher caveolin-1 intensity was significantly worse than that of patients with lower caveolin-1 intensity. Multivariate analyses indicated that only M-stage was an independent prognostic factor for cancer-specific survival and caveolin-1 expression was not an independent factor. CONCLUSIONS: Increased expression of caveolin-1 and MVD is associated with metastasis and a worse prognosis in clear cell RCC. Caveolin-1 expression is correlated with MVD. These results suggest that caveolin-1 may be important in the progression of clear cell RCC and angiogenesis may be affected by caveolin-1 during the progression of RCC.     

Analysis of microvessels in pancreatic cancer: by light microscopy, confocal laser scan microscopy, and electron microscopy

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: The microvessel density (MVD) of most malignant tumors is considered to be strongly related to metastasis and prognosis. Weidner's "hot spot method" for determining MVD is in general use, but it is possible that cells other than endothelial cells will also be stained. In our previous study, no correlations were observed between MVD determined by the "hot spot method" and prognosis/metastasis. But, using the "lumen method," we found a correlation with the number of vessel structures only. In the present study, we analyzed the staining of microvessels in pancreatic cancer, using light microscopy, confocal laser scan microscopy (CLSM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). METHODS: Microvessel staining of pancreatic cancer with CD34, factor VIII, and CD45 antibodies was examined in consecutive slices by light microscopy. For CLSM, freshly resected specimens were immunostained with factor VIII and fluorescein isothiocynate. For TEM, specimens were fixed with 2.5% glutaraldehyde, treated with 1% osmium tetroxide, and embedded in epoxy resin. RESULTS: Staining of vessels with CD34 and factor VIII antibodies appeared similar under light microscopy. However, CD34-stained consecutive slices were judged not to reveal vessel structures, and some cells stained with CD45 antibody were similar in appearance to CD34-stained cells. Under CLSM, irregular arrangements of neovascularization, consisting of many branches, were observed, but many positively stained cells not identified as vessels were also seen. Microvessels were distinctly identified under TEM, but the types of individual cells could not be determined. CONCLUSIONS: An integrated, reproducible method for the measurement of MVD is vital. For pancreatic cancer, the "lumen method" is recommended.     

Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes derived from human renal cell carcinoma: Clonal analysis of its characteristics

Aim:   To assess the characteristics of activated tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL), we report the isolation, growth response, and functional analysis of a CD4^- CD8⁺ TIL-clone derived from human renal cell carcinoma (RCC).
Methods:   Bulk TILs were expanded from a human RCC and the lymphocytes were separated into a CD8⁺ enriched population. Subsequently, using the limiting dilution technique, a TIL clone was established and its growth response, phenotype and cytotoxic activity were analyzed.
Results:   A clone, T16-13, by day 94 numbering 1 × 10⁷ cells, was harvested and characterized as a CD4^- CD8⁺ clone. On day 144, the cytotoxic activity of this clone against the autologous tumor was relatively high (2.3 ± 0.7 LU₃₀/10⁶ cells). Meanwhile, against allogeneic renal tumors, there was no cytotoxic activity (−0.1 LU₃₀/10⁶ cells).
Conclusions:   A TIL clone possessing modest autologous tumor-specific cytotoxicity can be isolated from human RCC. The characteristics analysis of various TIL clones may provide a better understanding of an RCC tumor microenvironment and may help to establish new modalities for the treatment of patients with metastatic kidney cancer.     

乳腺癌发生与演进过程中血管生成作用的评价

目的 探讨人乳腺癌前病变、原位癌及浸润性癌中CD34、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)及其受体Flk-1/KDR的表达变化及血管生成异常与乳腺癌发生发展的关系.方法 应用免疫组织化学技术检测30例正常乳腺、30例普通性增生、30例非典型增生(AH)、20例导管内癌、50例浸润性导管癌组织中微血管密度(MVD)、VEGF及Flk-1/KDR的表达.结果 各组CD34、VEGF及Flk-1/KDR的表达程度不同,浸润性导管癌组最高.随病程演进MVD逐渐增加(P<0.05),VEGF及其受体Flk.1/KDR在血管内皮细胞表达渐进性增高(P<0.05),但在病程初期各主要指标改变不明显,显著变化始于AH阶段.MVD在AH与导管内癌组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),VEGF及Flk-1/KDR的表达在AH与导管内癌组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 血管生成异常可能是乳腺癌发生过程中的早期事件.VEGF及Flk-1/KDR的表达异常可能是乳腺普通性增生-AH-乳腺癌这一癌性转化过程中血管生成异常的主要始动因素,其可能成为乳腺癌早期诊治的靶标.     

胃癌组织血管内皮细胞生长因子及其受体Flt-1的表达及与胃癌生物学行为的关系

目的探讨血管内皮细胞生长因子（VEGF）及其受体fms-样酪氨酸激酶（Flt-1）在胃癌组织中的表达及其与肿瘤微血管密度（MVD）、浸润转移和生存期的关系。方法应用原位杂交和免疫组织化学技术，检测118例胃癌组织中VEGF和Flt-1 mRNA及CD34蛋白的表达。结果胃癌组织中VEGF和Flt-1 mRNA的阳性表达率分别为54．24％和55．9％：浸润性生长的肿瘤组织中VEGF和Flt-1的阳性表达率和MVD值明显高于膨胀性生长者（P〈0．01），VEGF和Flt-1表达及MVD值与浸润深度、脉管侵犯、淋巴结转移和远处转移显著相关（P〈0．05）；MVD值与VEGF和Flt-1 mRNA的表达水平有关（均P〈0．01）；VEGF和Flt-1 mRNA阳性表达及MVD值超过或等于54．9个／mm^2患者的平均生存时间和5年生存率均显著低于VEGF和Flt-1 mRNA阴性表达及MVD值少于54．9个／mm^2者。结论VEGF和Flt-1 mRNA可促进胃癌血管生成。并参与肿瘤浸润转移的过程，可作为反映胃癌生物学行为和判断预后的生物学指标。     

A clinical study on tumor-associated monocyte lineage cells in renal cell carcinoma

To investigate the relationship between the ratio of monocytes infiltrating renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and prognosis, in 78 patients who underwent nephrectomy, the positive rate of the following parameters was assessed immunohistochemically under light microscopy: tumor-associated macrophage (TAM), microvessel density (MVD), S-100 cell, HLA-DR cell, apoptosis index (AI) and proliferative index (PI). The relationship between the positive rate of these parameters and prognosis, and intercorrelations among these parameters were analyzed. A positive correlation with prognosis was observed in patients positive for TAM, MVD or PI (r = 0.625). Prognosis was poor for patients with high levels of these parameters. Furthermore, the number of S-100-positive cells was a prognostic factor only in patients with metastatic RCC. Although the role of TAM as a prognostic factor in RCC is clear, no linear relationship was identified between prognosis and other monocytes.     

浆膜浸润胃癌中肝细胞生长因子、转录因子SP1、血管内皮生长因子和CD34表达与胃癌细胞脱落及预后关系

目的 观察肝细胞生长因子(HGF)、转录因子SP1、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)及CD34在浆膜浸润胃癌(T3)中表达及其与病理生物学行为关系,同时探讨胃癌细胞腹腔脱落的分子基础及其对预后的影响.方法 采用大剂量生理盐水(1000 ml)腹腔灌洗方法,选择性收集2007年4月至12月80例浆膜浸润胃癌(T3)手术患者腹腔冲洗液,进行细胞学检测和细胞角蛋白18(CK18)免疫化学检测寻找癌细胞;运用免疫组织化学方法,对石蜡包埋的浆膜浸润胃癌(T3)癌组织中HGF、SP1、VEGF和CD34[以微血管密度(MVD)值表示]进行检测;同时进行严密随访.结果 患者腹腔冲洗液细胞学检测阳性率为63.8%(51/80),CK18免疫化学检测阳性率为75.0%(60/80).腹腔冲洗液细胞学检测阳性病例CK18检测均为阳性,腹腔冲洗液细胞学检测阴性患者有9例CK18检测为阳性,其中6例经病理科医师会诊确定为游离癌细胞阳性,本组病例脱落细胞阳性率为71.3%(57/80).胃癌组织中HGF、SP1和VEGF阳性率分别为57.5%、52.5%和55.0%,与MVD值的相关性具有统计学意义(P<0.05).HGF、SP1、VEGF和MVD值与脱落细胞阳性率等临床特征相关(P<0.05).经单因素分析发现HGF、SP1、VEGF和MVD值与预后相关(P<0.05),Logistic回归分析显示HGF、SP1和VEGF是预后的独立影响因素(P<0.05).结论 浆膜浸润胃癌(T3)中HGF、SP1、VEGF及MVD表达与胃癌生物学行为关系密切,检测几种因子对预测胃癌细胞腹腔脱落和术后复发具有一定的参考价值.     

Microvessel density and regulators of angiogenesis in malignant and nonmalignant prostate tissue

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between microvessel density (MVD), positive and negative angiogenic factors, and established prognostic factors in prostate cancer (PC), and, to clarify the effect of angiogenic factors to angiogenesis. The vascularization of neoplastic, non-neoplastic prostate tissue was determined by CD34 immunostaining. Angiogenetic mediators VEGF, bFGF, TSP-1, and p53 were studied by immunohistochemistry. Neovascularization and p53, VEGF, and TSP-1 expressions of tumorous tissue were higher than non-tumorous tissue.The bFGF expression in these tissues was not different.The p53 expression was not correlated with the expressions of VEGF, bFGF, and TSP-1 in PC. Our results demonstrate a significant increase in MVD, VEGF, TSP-1, and p53 expressions in prostate tumorigenesis. The pretreatment sPSA was the only parameter demonstrating significant correlation with tumor grade and may have a value in the prediction of aggressive tumor behavior in PC.     

PSTAT3与VEGF在胰腺癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的探讨PSTAT3和VEGF蛋白在胰腺癌组织中的表达情况及其与胰腺癌临床病理特征、胰腺癌组织中血管新生的关系.方法用免疫组织化学检测了41例手术切除的胰腺癌组织和10例正常胰腺组织中PSTAT3、VEGF的蛋白表达和微血管密度.结果在41例胰腺癌标本中有29（70.7%）例PSTAT3和31（75.6%）例VEGF蛋白的表达阳性,明显高于正常胰腺组织.PSTAT3和VEGF蛋白的阳性表达呈正相关（r=0.758,P＜0.01）.PSTAT3在临床分期较晚和有淋巴结转移的胰腺癌中呈高表达（P=0.003,0.033）,VEGF的表达与临床分期有关（P=0.025）.41例胰腺癌组织中的微血管密度MVD与PSTAT3、VEGF蛋白的阳性表达有关（P=0.003,0.001）.结论胰腺癌组织中存在PSTAT3和VEGF的过表达,PSTAT3与临床病理分期和淋巴结转移有关,PSTAT3可能通过上调VEGF的表达,促进胰腺癌组织中新生血管的形成,可能在胰腺癌的发生发展中起到重要作用.