带血管蒂胸骨翻转术治疗漏斗胸76例

目的:总结采用带血管蒂胸骨翻转术治疗先天性漏斗胸76例的经验和体会。方法:1990-2005年手术治疗先天性漏斗胸76例,其中男56例,女20例,年龄3-16岁,漏斗胸指数(F1)>0．3有23例,F1=0．2-0．3有40例,F1<0．2有 13例,全组均采用保留双乳内动脉,腹直肌血管行胸骨180度翻转,翻转后将傈留的双乳内动脉及腹肌血管置于胸骨前。结果:全组病例术后均有明显效果,胸骨元缺血坏死,肺不张或肺感染6例,胸腔积液2例均痊愈出院。术后住院9-20 d,(年均16 d)随访1～13年胸骨正常平坦,无一复发,结论:改良胸骨翻转术治疗先天性漏斗胸的近远期效果满意。     

胸骨悬吊治疗漏斗胸18例

传统的漏斗胸手术治疗方法有肋骨成形法、胸骨抬举法及胸骨翻转法,各有优点及不足之处。1987～1998年,我们收治漏斗胸18例,采用胸骨悬吊法治疗,效果较好。1　临床资料1.1　一般情况　男13例,女5例;年龄2～16岁,平均7岁。漏斗胸贮水36～162ml,平均71ml。心电图T波低平14例,倒置2例;肺功能均有不同程度受损;X线胸片示心脏均向左移位,侧位片椎、胸骨间隙3.2～7.7cm,平均5.1cm。漏斗胸指数<0.2者1例,0.2～0.3者13例,>0.3者4例。1.2　手术方法　全麻气管内插管控制呼吸。自凹陷胸骨正中线纵向切开至骨膜,沿肋骨前间隙用电刀向两侧分离至凹陷肋骨…     

改良Nuss手术矫治16例漏斗胸

目的探讨无胸腔镜辅助下改良的Nuss手术矫治漏斗胸的方法和疗效。方法16例漏斗胸患儿在无胸腔镜辅助下,双侧胸壁做横行切口,将塑型矫形板由右胸壁经胸骨后穿至左胸壁,翻转矫形板,将胸骨抬起矫正胸骨凹陷,钢板单侧固定于肋骨。结果16例均顺利完成手术,手术平均时间46min,无术中并发症。缝伤口前充分鼓肺排出胸腔内气体,未放置胸腔闭式引流。术后1例并发轻度皮下气肿,2d后自行消失。术后住院5—7d。16例随访1～32个月,均无不适,活动量如常,其中2例已取出Nuss钢板,矫形效果满意。结论改良的无胸腔镜辅助下Nuss手术矫治漏斗胸,具有切口小、美观、手术创伤小、方法简化、手术时间短等优点,值得推广应用。     

改良Nuss手术治疗小儿漏斗胸

目的介绍非胸腔镜辅助下改良Nuss手术治疗小儿漏斗胸的方法及疗效。方法采用改良的Nuss手术治疗34例漏斗胸惠儿,均在非胸腔镜辅助下,双侧胸壁做横行切口,将塑型矫形板由左胸壁经胸骨后穿至右胸壁,翻转矫形板,将胸骨抬起矫正胸骨凹陷,钢板单侧固定于肋骨。结果所有34例均顺利完成手术,手术时间35-60min,术中出血平均少于8ml,无一例输血,术后并发气胸1例,皮下积气3例,左侧固定片滑脱1例。术后住院天数约6-8d。矫形效果评定31例为优,3例为良,差0例。全部病例均获随访,随访时间5-21个月,均无明显不适,无钢板移位,矫形效果满意。结论非胸腔镜辅助下改良Nuss手术安全易行、创伤小、手术时间短、术后恢复快、近期矫形效果好。     

改良胸骨抬举术治疗漏斗胸

改良胸骨抬举术操作简单,易掌握,术后无需取出固定材料,患儿易接受,疗效可靠。本文回顾性分析了1998年5月～2002年5月采用自行设计的改良胸骨抬举术治疗12例先天性漏斗胸患儿的临床资料,现将结果报道如下。     

带血管蒂胸骨翻转治疗漏斗胸的护理

漏斗胸病因目前尚不十分清楚 ,文献报道与胸骨发育过短、肋软骨过长、膈肌中心腱索牵拉等使胸骨向后凹陷的因素有关。它使胸腔容积的胸廓前后径减少 ,从而压迫心脏 ,减小肺运动幅度 ,随年龄增长畸形加重而出现胸痛、胸闷、心悸、运动耐量受限等症状。手术是目前矫治畸形有效办法[1] 。术前充分的准备 ,术后严密的观察以及精心有效的护理措施 ,可避免各种并发症的发生 ,保证手术治疗的成功。现将我们护理 16例的体会报告如下。1　临床资料我科自 1992 - 0 4～ 1998- 0 6应用带血管蒂胸骨翻转术治疗漏斗胸 16例 ,男 11例 ,女 5例 ,年龄 3～ 16…     

胸肋骨截骨内固定法治疗小儿漏斗胸27例

小儿漏斗胸是由于胸肋骨先天性发育异常形成的胸壁畸形。漏斗胸的治疗在国内尚不普及,手术方法还处于探索阶段。我院自1998年10月～2002年5月采用胸肋骨截骨内固定法治疗小儿漏斗胸27例,效果满意,现报告如下。     

漏斗胸合并先天性心脏病同期外科治疗探讨

目的探讨同期治疗儿童漏斗胸合并先天性心脏病,应用非胸腔镜辅助下两切口改良NUSS术的方法及可行性。方法我科2009年3月~2013年12月收治合并先天性心脏病的漏斗胸患儿4例,采用改良NUSS术对其在常规体外循环手术后实施同期外科治疗,回顾性分析治疗效果。结果 4例患儿均治愈出院,随访6~24个月效果良好,矫形钢板固定良好,外形满意,心脏矫形满意,心功能良好。无死亡、大出血、术后感染、肺不张等并发症。结论改良NUSS术用于同期治疗儿童漏斗胸合并先天性心脏病是安全可行的手术方式,能取得满意的手术效果,有效避免了二期麻醉及手术的风险,减少住院次数及时间,在一定程度上节省医疗费用,减少患儿的痛苦。     

经皮腔内球囊扩张联合动脉内灌注药物治疗慢性下肢缺血

目的临床观察球囊扩张联合动脉内灌注药物治疗慢性下肢缺血的近期疗效。方法慢性下肢缺血患者21例,采用经股或腋动脉入路,先用球囊扩张闭塞段血管,然后经导管向动脉内灌注尿激酶、前列腺素E1、银杏叶注射液。胫腓动脉闭塞的部分患者保留血管鞘,经鞘灌注上述药物,每日1次,共5～7 d。术后观察患肢缺血症状、皮肤溃疡和趾端坏疽的改善情况。结果21例中20例成功实现经皮经腔球囊扩张和动脉内灌注药物治疗,技术成功率95.2%。无严重并发症。其中5例患者术后保留血管鞘,灌注药物5～7 d后复查造影,显示经球囊扩张后血管腔保持通畅。术后20例患者均出现诸如患肢皮温升高、间歇性跛行消失、静息痛减轻或消失等临床症状改善情况;随访2～7个月,4例皮肤溃疡愈合,2例坏死足趾脱落,创面愈合,已坏疽的足趾均变干燥,坏死范围停止扩大,未出现需截肢现象。结论经皮腔内球囊扩张联合动脉内灌注尿激酶、前列腺素E1、银杏叶注射液治疗慢性下肢缺血安全有效,能够改善肢体缺血症状,促进溃疡愈合,阻止病变发展;保留血管鞘连续灌注药物有助于保持扩张后的血管通畅。     

血管内栓塞治疗儿童颅内动脉瘤效果分析

目的 探讨儿童颅内动脉瘤（PIA）临床特点及血管内栓塞治疗效果。方法 回顾性分析2012年1月至2019年12月郑州大学第一附属医院采用血管内栓塞治疗的10例PIA患儿临床资料。结果 10例PIA患儿中男7例,女3例,年龄为（7.7±4.8）岁。动脉瘤位于椎动脉3例,位于基底动脉、右大脑中动脉、左大脑前动脉、左豆纹动脉、左脉络膜前动脉、左大脑后动脉及左后交通动脉各1例;先天性动脉瘤4例,夹层动脉瘤3例,假性动脉瘤3例;瘤体破裂和未破裂各5例。血管内治疗应用单纯弹簧圈填塞动脉瘤4例,弹簧圈闭塞载瘤动脉4例,Glubran胶栓塞动脉瘤2例。术前、术后3 d、术后3～6个月改良Rankin量表（mRS）评分分别为（0.90±0.54）分、（0.80±0.60）分、（0.30±0.70）分,术前mRS评分与术后3～6个月比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 PIA多为先天性,好发于椎-基底动脉,血管内栓塞治疗安全有效。     

Dealing with cancer--conversations with radiotherapy patients

Thirty in-patients treated by radiotherapy were questioned in qualitative interviews about the information they had received from the physicians and their way to deal with the disease and the physicians. Furthermore 18 persons out of this group were accompanied continuously. The confidential relationships between the patients and the author of the study brought about spontaneous conversations showing some new aspects of the way to experience disease and therapy. Despite a poor prognosis and an initially insufficient information, the patients formulated their questions openly. Generally they desired a clearer communication. They criticized above all the lack of information and attention from the physicians. A need for confidence, frankness, and the conveyance of a justified hope was expressed. The physician's stress and resulting lack of time was complained of. During the time of accompanying which lasted several weeks, it became evident that information means a way to deal with the disease to which the patient can make his individual contribution. The majority of questions as well as emotional reactions as fear or depression came from those patients who seemed to be quiet persons.     

Radiochemotherapy with temozolomide for patients with glioblastoma

Background

The objective of this retrospective analysis was to assess long-term outcome and prognostic factors of unselected patients treated for glioblastoma (GB) at a single center with surgery, standard radiotherapy (RT), and concomitant temozolomide (TMZ). From 1999?C2005, the institutional protocol included surgery and RT with TMZ. From 2005 on, adjuvant TMZ was routinely added.

Patients and Methods

Between April 1999 and September 2009, 181 patients with GB were treated with RT (60 Gy in 30 fractions) and concomitant TMZ (75 mg/m²/day throughout RT). Biopsy only had been performed in 53 patients (29.3%), 128 patients (70.7%) had undergone resection, which was complete based on postoperative MRI in 51 patients (28.2%). Adjuvant TMZ was applied in 67 of 181 patients (37%).

Results

Median overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were 15.0 (95% CI, 13.1?C16.8) and 7.2 months (95% CI, 5.9?C8.5), respectively. After complete resection, partial/subtotal resection and biopsy, median OS was 23.20, 14.75, and 7.89 months (p < 0.001), respectively. In multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models, extent of resection (p < 0.0001), Karnofsky??s performance score (p < 0.0001) and adjuvant TMZ (p = 0.001) were significant independent prognostic factors for OS. RT with concomitant TMZ was well tolerated in the majority of patients and could be completed as scheduled in 146 patients (80.7%), while 11 patients (6.1%) discontinued RT. Another 35 patients (19.3%) interrupted concomitant chemotherapy.

Conclusion

RT with concomitant TMZ is a feasible regimen with acceptable toxicity in routine practice. Our data are compatible with a beneficial effect of adjuvant TMZ on OS and PFS.     

湿润烧伤膏与手术联合治疗褥疮的护理

目的 :减少溃疡期褥疮的术前准备时间 ,缩短褥疮的总病程。方法 :将 1996年 5月至 2 0 0 2年 5月收住院的 4 2例溃疡期褥疮病人按随机原则分为 2组 ,2 1例术前用湿润烧伤膏纱换药处理 ,为A组 (试验组 ) ;2 1例用庆大霉素紫草油纱布换药处理 ,为B组 (对照组 )。 2组病例的年龄、性别、发病原因、病灶部位、病灶范围等经统计学处理 ,无显著性差别 ,有可比性。两组病人均换药至创面新鲜行皮瓣转移手术 ;比较两组平均术前换药时间 ,及换药 +手术的总住院日。术前术后两组患者均运用护理程序施行整体护理。结果 :A组术前平均换药时间为 8 4 9± 2 2 3天 ,B组为 15 6 0± 6 70天 ;A组平均治愈时间为 2 0 5 0± 4 81天 ,B组为 35 31± 7 70天。结论 :湿润烧伤膏换药与庆大霉素紫草油纱布换药比较 ,前者可明显缩短褥疮手术的术前准备时间及病人的总住院天数。     

Bronchogenic carcinoma: staging with MR compared with staging with CT and surgery

Thirty-three patients suspected of having bronchogenic carcinoma were studied prospectively using magnetic resonance (MR). In this group, 30 underwent examination with computed tomography (CT), 15 underwent thoracotomy, six had mediastinal biopsy procedures performed, and eight underwent bronchoscopy. MR studies, which included transaxial spin-echo imaging (TR, 0.5 and 2.0 sec; TE, 28 and 56 msec) of all patients and sagittal or coronal imaging of 18, were performed without knowledge of CT findings, using only plain radiographs as a guide. CT and MR studies were interpreted separately. CT and MR provided comparable information regarding the presence and size of mediastinal lymph nodes. MR better discriminated mediastinal nodes from vascular structures. However, in two of 11 patients who had multiple mediastinal lymph nodes that were normal in size at CT examination and surgery, MR suggested a confluent abnormal mass, probably because of its poorer spatial resolution. MR was superior to CT in showing enlarged hilar lymph nodes, but CT was better for demonstrating bronchial abnormalities. In three of four patients who had a proved hilar mass with distal obstructive pneumonia, MR (TR, 2.0 sec) helped distinguish between the mass and collapsed lung.     

多虑平、雷尼替丁治疗消化性溃疡81例临床观察

1995年 1月～ 1 998年 2月 ,我们采用多虑平、雷尼替丁治疗消化性溃疡 (ＰＵ) ,并与雷尼替丁为对照组进行治疗观察 ,疗效满意 ,现总结报告如下。1　临床资料1 1　一般资料　本组 81例ＰＵ均因上腹痛、返酸、腹胀及食欲不振等症状 ,经胃镜诊断为溃疡活动期患者。病程 2个月～ 5ａ,平均 1 7ａ。伴有焦虑、抑郁及夜眠欠佳等症者59例。随机分为 2组 :治疗组 4 1例 ,男 3 8例 ,女 3例 ;年龄 1 8～ 3 6岁 ,平均 2 4岁。其中胃溃疡 1 1例 ,十二指肠球部溃疡 3 0例。对照组 4 0例 ,男 3 7例 ,女 3例 ;年龄 1 9～ 3 5岁 ,平均 2 4 5岁 ;胃溃疡 1 2…     

臭氧治疗船员下肢损伤89例

2006年10月至2007年4月,我科采用引进的德国赫尔曼Medozon型臭氧发生装置系统产生的臭氧治疗船员下肢损伤89例,疗效满意.现报告如下.     

Tumor Burden Assessment with Positron Emission Tomography with

Objective: In patients with advanced cancer, total tumor burden affects the likelihood of tumor response and has important implications for prognosis. The aim of this study was to select the optimum 2-[F-18]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose-positron emission tomography (FDG PET) tumor uptake parameter to accurately measure tumor burden in advanced metastatic renal cell cancer, in comparison with volumes measured with computed tomography (CT), as a reference test.Materials and Methods: Six patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma measurable on CT were studied. CT and FDG PET scans were carried out on all patients within 4 weeks prior to their entry into a phase I-II radioimmunotherapy trial. CT-based evaluation of disease extent (tumor volume) and 4 PET-based measurements (standardized uptake value[SUVmax], SUVav, volume, and total lesion glycolysis [TLG]) were performed independently by a radiologist (VN) and a nuclear medicine physician (TA). The degree of correlation between conventional (CT) extent of disease and parameters describing tumor concentration of FDG was then determined.Results: Fifty-seven CT-measurable metastatic lesions in lung, abdomen, and scalp were evaluated in 6 patients. There was a high correlation between CT and FDG PET volume estimates for lesions greater than 5 cm(3) in size. However, a PET-derived parameter that embodies both FDG uptake and lesion size, the TLG, correlated better with CT-derived tumor volume than did FDG PET volume alone.Conclusion: Using CT volume as a gold standard, the optimal PET-based estimate of total tumor burden in patients with metastatic renal cancer is the sum over all lesions of the total lesion glycolysis.     

MEBO药纱门诊治疗烧(烫)伤71例的体会

作者报道用MEBO药纱敷盖门诊治疗烧（烫）伤71例，均获治愈。经随访1年，深Ⅱ度创面疤痕发生率为15％（3／20），浅Ⅲ度创面疤痕发生率为38．9％（7／18）。