护理干预与问题解决训练方式缓解产后抑郁症的比较研究

目的 比较护理干预与问题解决训练2种方式对缓解产后抑郁症的效果。方法 将58例产后抑郁症患者随机分为护理干预组和训练组，护理干预组28例，训练组30例。研究为期6个月。护理干预组由护理人员对其进行针对产后抑郁症的电话护理；训练组则教给患者应对问题的技巧。在研究开始和结束时，比较2组产妇的抑郁程度及症状。结果 2种方法对缓解产后抑郁症的效果比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），护理干预组的效果优于训练组。结论 2种方法均有效，但护理干预组效果更好。     

产后抑郁症的护理干预及效果分析

目的：探讨实施护理干预对产后抑郁症的效果,为防治产后抑郁症提供依据。方法将产妇随机分为观察组（150例）和对照组（150例）,对照组采用常规护理,观察组在常规护理基础上进行心理干预,包括产前、产时、产后给予相应的心理护理,对产后抑郁症采取积极的预防措施。比较2组产妇产前、产后抑郁情绪的发生率以及2组孕妇的并发症情况。结果2组产妇焦虑-抑郁情绪者及其产后抑郁症发病率比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）;产妇发生宫缩乏力、产程延长、难产、产后大出血等方面,2组间比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论对产妇实施护理干预能减少产妇产前焦虑、抑郁情绪,能有效降低产后抑郁症的发生率。     

孕产期全程护理干预对产后抑郁症的影响

目的探讨孕产期全程护理干预对产后抑郁症的影响。方法通过汉密顿抑郁量表对孕妇进行筛查,评分〉8分者随机分为对照组和观察组,对照组实行常规孕产期保健和护理;观察组除常规护理外对孕产妇给予产前、产时、产后1—6周的全程护理干预。结果2组抑郁评分均下降,但观察组产后抑郁发生率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论实施孕产妇全程护理干预可有效降低产后抑郁症的发生率。     

产后抑郁症的相关因素及护理干预

目的探讨产后抑郁症的相关因素及护理干预措施。方法对我院收治的20例产后抑郁症患者进行产前、产时、产后的心理疏导及暗示疗法。结果20例患者分娩后出现的抑郁症状消失，均痊愈出院。结论医护及卫生保健人员及早筛查孕期高危人群，并及时进行产前、产时、产后的全面预防，可最大限度地降低产后抑郁症的发生率。     

产褥期护理干预对改善产后抑郁症的探讨

目的 探讨产褥期护理干预对产妇产后抑郁症的疗效.方法 随机将60例产妇分为护理干预组和非护理干预组.非护理干预组予常规护理,护理干预组在常规护理的基础上加用护理干预,同时采用抑郁自评量表(SDS)对产妇进行评定.结果 护理干预组产妇抑郁情绪发生率明显低于非护理干预组产妇.结论 产褥期护理干预可明显改善产妇的心理和降低产后抑郁症的发生率.     

高压氧联合护理干预对产后抑郁症的影响

目的:探讨高压氧联合护理干预对产后抑郁症(PPD)的影响.方法:将120例产后抑郁症产妇随机分为对照组和观察组各60例,对照组给予常规治疗及护理;观察组给予高压氧联合护理干预治疗,治疗6周后进行疗效及抑郁评分(HAMD)比较.结果:治疗后观察组总有效率为96.67%,HAMD评分为(7.05±2.12)分;对照组总有效率为93.33%,HAMD评分为(8.34±3.45)分,两组疗效及HAMD评分比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:应用高压氧联合护理干预对产后抑郁症的治疗具有较好的效果,可以显著缓解抑郁症状,提高产妇的生活质量.     

预防产后抑郁症实施护理干预的效果观察

目的 探讨实施护理干预对产后抑郁症的预防作用.方法 对照组采用常规护理;观察组采用以个别辅导为主,电视示教,宣传手册为辅助方式的护理干预.结果 观察组产后抑郁症的发生率明显低于对照组(χ2=7.36,p＜0.05).结论 护理干预能有效地降低产后抑郁症的发生率.     

产后抑郁症成因及护理干预对策

产后抑郁症病因较复杂,与生物、社会、心理因素均有关.近年来发病率较高,防治产后抑郁症已成为护理干预研究领域的热点.本文在分析产后抑郁症成因的基础上,提出了相应的护理干预对策.     

循证护理干预在预防产后抑郁症中的应用研究

目的 探讨循证护理干预在预防产后抑郁症中的应用.方法 随机抽取2010年1月至2011年12月在本院产前检查及住院分娩且同意接受循证护理干预的产妇50例为观察组;选择同期、同数量定期产前检查及住院分娩但未实施循证护理干预的产妇50例为对照组.比较两组产妇产后抑郁症的发生率.结果 两组产妇中SDS评分≥0.5分且EPDS评分≥13分者观察组为10例,对照组21例,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论 将循证护理应用于产后抑郁症的防治,能显著降低产后抑郁症的发生率,提高其生活质量,效果满意.     

342例产后抑郁症的病因调查及护理干预

目的通过对2006年1～10月本市妇幼保健医院收治的342例孕产妇进行调查研究,探讨产后抑郁症发病的相关因素,并寻求积极有效的护理干预措施。方法采取自行制订的产后抑郁症发病因素问卷调查表和爱丁堡产后抑郁量表评分进行评估,并进行高危因素分析和护理干预。结果针对产后抑郁症的高危因素,进行心理干预、生理干预和社会干预,预防产后抑郁症的发生,促进产妇身心健康。结论了解产后抑郁症病因及对该病进行有效护理干预,对产后抑郁症的康复有积极意义。     

The effects of induced elation and depression on interpersonal problem solving

Depressed persons have been shown to score lower than normals on interpersonal problem-solving tests. This study examined the effects of induced elation and depression on the interpersonal problem-solving efficiency of normal college students. Subjects randomly assigned to elation, neutral, or depression mood induction procedures completed an interpersonal problemsolving task. Depressed subjects performed significantly worse than elated subjects on several measures of the problem-solving task. These results are interpreted as supporting the position that mood affects interpersonal problem-solving performance and are discussed in relation to theories of depression.     

Comparing validity of Edinburgh scale and SRQ20 in screening for post-partum depression

The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) is the instrument most used worldwide for screening of Post-Partum Depression (PPD). The SRQ20 questionnaire has been largely used for screening of minor psychiatric disorders. This study aimed to compare the accuracy of the two instruments in screening for PPD. At the third-month follow-up home visit to infants of the 2004 Pelotas Birth Cohort, Southern Brazil, a sub-sample of 378 mothers was selected. Among other questions, EPDS and SRQ20 were applied by trained fieldworkers. Up to 15 days later, a mental health professional re-interviewed the mother (the gold standard interview). Sensitivity and specificity of each cutoff point were calculated for EPDS and SRQ20 and the results were plotted at a ROC curve. The areas under both curves were compared. Highest sensitivity and specificity cutoff were observed for EPDS ≥ 10 (sensitivity 82.7%, 95%CI 74.0 – 89.4; specificity 65.3%, 95%CI 59.4 – 71.0) and for SRQ20 ≥ 6 (sensitivity 70.5%, 95%CI 60.8 – 79.0%; specificity 75.5%, 95%CI 70.0 – 80.5%). Shape of ROC curves and areas under both curves were virtually identical (respectively, 0.8401 ± 0.02 for EPDS and 0.8402 ± 0.02 for SRQ20; p = 0.9). In conclusion SRQ20 showed to be as valid as EPDS as a screening tool for PPD at third month after delivery.     

陪护能力干预对患儿静脉留置针成功率的影响

外阴癌常见于年龄偏大的女性，随着年龄的增长发病率有所增高，由于会阴独特的解剖结构，加上会阴部潮湿容易合并感染，皮肤对放疗的耐受性差，特别是肿瘤范围大，溃疡深，渗液及表面分泌物多，会阴部皮肤潮湿、薄嫩、多皱褶，加上受走路摩擦及大小便刺激，放疗时易引起放射性皮炎，且难愈合，所以，做好放射野皮肤的护理尤其重要。     

量化评估结合相应护理干预改善化疗患者口腔感染的效果观察

目的 探讨根据量化评估结果进行相应护理干预对改善癌症患者大剂量化疗后口腔感染的效果.方法 将270例应用大剂量化疗方案的癌症住院患者270例,随机分为干预组133例及对照组137例.干预组采用口腔评估表进行评估.根据得分情况分高危、一般、正常,并给予针对性的护理治疗措施,对照组采用常规的护理方法,比较2组口腔感染的发生情况.结果 干预组化疗前口腔评估表评分为(8.35±2.36)分,化疗1周后为(11.23±2.61)分,化疗2周后为(12.07±3.12)分,化疗前后及化疗后1、2周评分比较差异均有统计学意义,P＜0.05;干预组口腔感染的发生率为21.0%,对照组为38.7%,2组比较差异有统计学意义,P＜0.05.结论 量化评估结合相应护理干预能显著降低化疗患者口腔感染发生率,值得临床借鉴.     

产后抑郁因素及护理干预效果分析

目的 分析引起产后抑郁症的相关因素并进行心理治疗评定。 方法 应用爱丁堡产后抑郁量表(EPDS)对2007年1~11月我院收治的432例孕产妇进行调查研究,并将患有抑郁症的产妇分为治疗组和对照组。治疗组全程进行针对性的护理,对照组采用一般护理,于产后42天比较2组抑郁发生情况。 结果 产妇的年龄与产后抑郁有关,高龄产妇产后抑郁发生率高;治疗组的抑郁发生情况好于对照组。结论 全程进行针对性的护理措施,能有效降低产妇产后抑郁症的发生率。     

高职院校老年护理人才培养模式改革

在人口老龄化不断加速,养老服务业迅速发展的时代背景下,社会对老年护理人才的需求量及服务质量的要求不断提升。该文针对老年护理人才培养中存在的问题进行分析,从老年护理人才培养目标、课程设置、实践教学、师资建设、孝道教育5个方面,探讨适合我国老龄化特点的老年护理人才培养模式,以期为全国各高职院校老年护理人才培养模式的进一步完善提供参考。     

Problem solving strategies integrated into nursing process to promote clinical problem solving abilities of RN-BSN students

A set of problem solving strategies integrated into nursing process in nursing core courses (PSNP) was developed for students enrolled in a post-RN baccalaureate nursing program (RN-BSN) in a university in Taiwan. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to evaluate the effectiveness of PSNP on students' clinical problem solving abilities. The one-group post-test design with repeated measures was used. In total 114 nursing students with 47 full-time students and 67 part-time students participated in this study. The nursing core courses were undertaken separately in three semesters. After each semester's learning, students would start their clinical practice, and were asked to submit three written nursing process recordings during each clinic. Assignments from the three practices were named post-test I, II, and III sequentially, and provided the data for this study. The overall score of problem solving indicated that score on the post-test III was significantly better than that on post-test I and II, meaning both full-time and part-time students' clinical problem solving abilities improved at the last semester. In conclusion, problem-solving strategies integrated into nursing process designed for future RN-BSN students are recommendable.     

The efficacy of problem solving strategies utilized in professional nursing concepts course to improve problem solving abilities in students enrolled in a two-year baccalaureate nursing program

Using problem solving strategies in professional nursing concepts course (PS-PNC) was a newly developed core course in a two-year baccalaureate nursing program in an institute of technology. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of problem solving strategies used in this new course to improve students clinical problem solving abilities. Prior to the PS-PNC, 12 faculty who participated in the teaching received complete training, and then continued to receive supervision and to conduct group discussions during the whole period of the PS-PNC implementation. A one- group posttest design with repeated measures was used. In total 49 nursing students from one class agreed to be recruited as the study subjects. The PS-PNC was performed separately in three semesters. After each class learning, students would start their clinical practice, were advised by the same faculty group who participated in the PS-PNC, and were asked to submit three written nursing process recordings during each clinic. Assignments from the three practices were named post-test I, II, and III sequentially, and provided the data for this study. A coding strategy was developed by the investigators. Then, data were collected and analyzed by four selected faculty who had been involved in the PS- PNC. The overall score of problem solving indicated that the three post-tests significantly increased, meaning those students clinical problem solving ability improved. However, data on the sub-concepts of problem solving on nursing assessment, nursing diagnosis, nursing intervention, and nursing evaluation showed no constant improvement. It is inferred that teaching of professional nursing concepts utilizing problem-solving strategies may be useful for future nursing students but dignified control should be strengthened.     

不同干预方法缓解新生儿疼痛效果的对比研究

目的对比不同干预方法缓解新生儿疼痛的效果,探索有效缓解新生儿疼痛的方法。方法选用N-PASS量表(neonatalpain,agitationandsedationscale)对120例住院新生儿进行疼痛评分,按随机原则分3组:未干预组(对照组)、应用非营养性吸吮(NNS)组和给予体位支持组,每组40例。分别于针刺足跟后1,5min进行疼痛程度评分。结果3组间的疼痛评分在刺激后1,5min各组间评分差异有显著性(F值=22.13,P<0.05;F值=22.44,P<0.05)。疼痛程度方面,不同的干预方法在1min的轻、中度疼痛的镇痛效果之间存在明显差异(χ2值=9.67,P<0.05;χ2值=7.85,P<0.05),对重度疼痛和5min时疼痛的缓解效果,各种干预方法之间无显著差异。结论新生儿对急性、短暂性疼痛很敏感;不同的干预方法对缓解新生儿疼痛的近期效果不同,NNS在短期内缓解疼痛的效果优于体位支持组;非药物疼痛干预方法对新生儿轻、中度疼痛效果好,在短时间内作用显著;应重视对新生儿疼痛的管理。