共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
1.
豚鼠32只,其中3只为对照组,双眼接受手术显微镜光照射30、60和100分钟后,视网膜有水肿,视网膜电图a和b波幅明显降低、峰时延长。病理组织学观察有视网膜色素上皮细胞肿胀、空泡形成,嗜碱性颗粒散在,光受体外节段排列紊乱。严重者内外核层及神经节细胞变性、核固缩。实验结果提示手术显微镜光会导致视网膜光损伤,本文对视网膜光损伤的机制和预防进行了讨论。 相似文献
2.
手术显微镜致视网膜光损伤 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
王健利 《眼外伤职业眼病杂志》1998,20(5):443-444
随着显微手术的普及,眼科手术向更少盲目性和创伤性的领域进军,但也发现手术显微镜的强光也会对视网膜造成某些损伤。作者对1992年~1995年间部分显微白内障手术后患者眼底进行观察,对发现的问题初步探讨如下:对象与方法在显微镜下行白内障囊外摘出后房型人工晶状体植入的患者109例(109眼),其中男叙例(40眼)。女69(69眼),均系1眼手术。年龄最大89岁,最小37岁。手术系用苏州医疗器械厂生产的YZ20型双人双目手术显微镜。光源150W全反射医用卤钨灯,工作距离是200mm,照度2200Lx(强)-1200Lx(弱),手术多用强光。手术时间20… 相似文献
3.
4.
实验性大鼠视网膜光损伤模型的建立与研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
目的:建立和研究视网膜光损伤动物模型,观察较强可见光对在鼠视网膜光损伤的病理变化。方法:自制光损伤箱,取健康成年SD大鼠35只,随机分成正常对照组(CON)、光损伤后1d(D1),3d(D3),5d(D5),7d(D7)组,每7只,各组大鼠在12h明12h暗环境中饲养7d,然后暗适应36h,D1、D3、D5、D7组大鼠采用4178Lux照度的可见光进行12h间歇光照射,连续3d,总计36h,然后在正常环境中分别饲养1d,3d,5d和7d。大鼠以105水合氯醛麻醉,分别用4%多聚甲醛液、3%戊二醛灌流固定,摘取眼球,制成石蜡切片及超薄切片,应用光镜,电镜观察。结果:正常大鼠视网膜组织结构层次清楚,内、外节视杆排列整齐,规则。内、外核层排列紧密,染色均匀。光照后各组均可见光感受器形态的变化,其变化随着时间的延长而加重。D7组变化与D5组基本相似。主要变化为外核层变薄而稀疏。光感受器视杆外节排列紊乱,膜盘叠状结构角离。内节线粒体肿胀,空泡变,外核层细胞核染色质固缩,分布不均匀,向中央聚集。结论:采用4178Lux照度的见可光较长时间(36h)间歇照射可诱导大鼠视网膜光损伤,成功地模拟了大鼠视网膜光损伤模型。在光损伤的早期。即出现光感受器形态的变化,并随着时间的延长损伤逐渐加重。 相似文献
5.
6.
7.
李卓力 《眼外伤职业眼病杂志》1990,12(2):103-103,105
作者遇到1例民用线路短路打火引起的眼损伤,报告如下: 赵××,男性,26岁,进修生。住院号1716。1984年12月31日在修理宿舍照明线路的配电匣时,突然短路,保险丝打火,发出闪光。患者当即感觉耀眼,眼前发红、发兰,就什么都看不见了。20分钟后来诊。即收入院,眼科检查:视力右眼0.02,左眼30cm 相似文献
8.
视网膜光损伤的研究进展 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
刘瑜玲 《国外医学:眼科学分册》1998,22(1):28-34
视网膜光损伤及其损伤防御机制和药物性防治的研究一直是数十年来眼科领域一个基础结合临床的重要研究课题。本文回顾了视网膜光损伤的研究历史,从致伤光源的性能,光损伤的影响因素,分子病理机制的研究进展,及其防治措施等方面的研究进展进行综述,指出在视网膜光化学损伤过程中,存在着我种因素的调控与影响,其损伤机制是多层次多方面的,但随着分子生物学在光损伤机制研究中的普遍应用,光损伤确切的分子致病机制可在不久的将 相似文献
9.
实验性视网膜光性损伤 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:6
我们用Wister大鼠建立了视网膜急性光性损伤实验模型.动物在全麻下照光(白光)lh,照度为20 0001x.分别于照光后24、48h,1、2、3、4、5周处死实验动物。病理组织学显示视网膜急性光性损伤始于光感受器外节,表现为碎解和消失,随之波及内节和视网膜色素上皮(RFE),部分标本外核层亦波及。后期(照光后2-3周)有些标本显示内、外节有某种程度修复,另一些标本则无。有一个照光后5周的标本显示外核层,内、外节完全消失。所有标本未显示任何炎症反应,提示视网膜急性光性损伤是一个退行性变性过程。
(中华眼底病杂志,1994,10:84-85) 相似文献
10.
11.
目的观察AcrySof Natural人工晶状体(IOL)对视网膜的保护作用。方法以蓝光照射猪眼杯后极部视网膜,光照强度为20J/cm2及40J/cm2,设空白对照。照射方式:单独光照、透过AcrySof一片式IOL、透过AcrySof NaturalIOL,照射后培养眼杯48h,光镜和透射电镜观察。结果相同光照强度下,单独光照组及AcrySof一片式IOL组视网膜各层损伤比无光照组及AcrySof NaturalIOL组明显,而透过AcrySof NaturalIOL照射组与无光照组相比,视网膜仍有部分损伤,但损伤明显较单独光照组及AcrySof一片式IOL组轻。照射方式相同时,40J/cm2组比20J/cm2组损伤明显。结论20J/cm2与40J/cm2光照强度的蓝光均可造成新鲜离体猪视网膜的急性光损伤,且随能量增加,损伤加重。AcrySof一片式IOL与单独光照相比,视网光损伤程度相似。AcrySof NaturalIOL与AcrySof一片式IOL相比,可减弱蓝光造成的视网膜急性光损伤。 相似文献
12.
Effect of photic injury on the retinal tissues 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
In order to study the tissue damages in photic injury of the retina, the macula and posterior pole of the rhesus monkey were exposed to the light of an indirect ophthalmoscope. During the acute phase of the injury, disruption of the blood-retinal barrier appeared to be an early and sensitive indicator of retinal pigment epithelial damage and cyclic-GMP-phosphodiesterase of the photoreceptor lamella was inactivated. These lesions were followed for 2 to 5 years. Focal chronic decompensation of the blood-retinal barrier and subretinal pigment epithelial neovascularization were noted in the chronic degenerative phase of this photic maculopathy. A possible protective role of ascorbic acid in mild photic injury was proposed. 相似文献
13.
目的:建立视网膜挫伤的动物模型,观察视网膜损伤后的形态特点。方法:选取40只健康成年无眼疾青紫蓝兔,随机分为挫伤后1,3h;1,3,7,14,30d及正常对照共8组,每组5只,选取右眼为致伤眼,以改良Allen重击法制备兔单眼挫伤性视网膜病变模型,挫伤后获取兔眼标本,以光镜及电镜观察视网膜神经感觉层的病理变化,目镜测微尺(0.01mm)对视网膜神经纤维层(nerve fiber layer,NFL)厚度、内核层(inner nucler layer,INL)厚度进行测量,并对视网膜神经节细胞(ganglion cell,GC)计数。结果:挫伤后1,3h组和1d组NFL明显增厚(P<0.05),而7d组和14d组NFL明显变薄(P<0.05),3d组和30d组NFL厚度与正常对照组比较无显著性差异(P>0.05);各挫伤组GC计数明显少于正常对照组(P<0.05)。电镜显示挫伤后3h组;1,3d组视网膜神经感觉层均出现较多的,具有凋亡形态学与生化改变特征的凋亡细胞,其中在3d组视网膜神经感觉层凋亡细胞数量达到高峰,7d组显著下降。结论:视网膜水肿和神经感觉层细胞凋亡是挫伤性视网膜病变的一个重要机制。 相似文献
14.
黄芩素与辅酶Q10对大鼠视网膜光损伤防护作用的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的 观察黄芩素与辅酶Q10对实验性大鼠视网膜光损伤的防护作用。方法 SD大鼠通过24h持续光照射,建立视网膜光损伤模型。于光照前24h及光照前30min两次尾静脉注射给药。观察视网膜组织病理学改变及流式细胞术检测视网膜细胞凋亡率。结果 组织病理学结果显示,阳性对照组视网膜组织结构破坏严重,而黄芩素组、辅酶Q10组和联合用药组结构损伤明显减轻。流式细胞术检测结果,所有用药组视网膜细胞凋亡率明显低于阳性对照组(P〈0.05),联合用药组对细胞凋亡率的降低作用明显优于两药单独用药组(P〈0.05)。结论 黄芩素与辅酶Q10对视网膜光损伤诱发的细胞凋亡具有保护作用和明显的协同抗凋亡作用。 相似文献
15.
Claudio Azzolini Rosario Brancato Giorgio Venturi Francesco Bandello Alfredo Pece Paolo Santoro 《International ophthalmology》1994,18(5):269-276
We are presenting the state of knowledge concerning intraoperative light-induced retinal injury, considered to be a combination of photic retinopathy and retinal photocoagulation. It may arise from retinal light exposure to the operating microscope or to the fiberoptic endoilluminator. Ultraviolet and short-wavelength visible light are more dangerous than longer wavelength light. Many risk factors may facilitate the onset of this iatrogenic disease following surgery. Many aspects of the retinal damage are still poorly understood. Many mild light-induced retinal injuries probably remain undiagnosed in routine postoperative examination. Current appropriate light filters are not the definitive solution. Appropriate precautions should be taken during both anterior segment and vitreoretinal surgery. 相似文献
16.
尼莫地平对兔视网膜缺血再灌注损伤保护作用的实验研究 总被引:6,自引:2,他引:6
目的 探讨尼莫地平对实验性视网膜缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用及其机理。方法 72只兔随机分为阴性对照组、模型组、尼莫地平组 ,经前房恒压 ( 110mmHg) ( 1kPa =7.5mmHg)灌注生理盐水 6 0min ,建立视网膜缺血损伤的动物模型。并于造模前 6h及 1h尼莫地平组行尼莫地平溶液灌胃 ,模型组及对照组予等量生理盐水灌胃。观察缺血再灌注损伤后 1、3、7、15d各组视网膜组织学及超微结构变化 ,计数视网膜神经节细胞 (retinalganglioncells,RGC) ,视网膜内层厚度 (thicknessofinnerretinallayers ,TIRL) ,测定丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶 (superoxidedismutase,SOD)含量。 结果 模型组再灌注后 1d ,视网膜各层结构即有不同程度的损伤 ,3、7、15d出现节细胞数目减少 ,视网膜内层厚度变薄 ,伴随MDA升高和SOD降低 ,上述变化随时间延长而加重。尼莫地平治疗组RGC和TIRL均从第 3天开始较模型组有显著性增加 ,RGC计数 7d时增加最显著 (P <0 .0 1) ;IRL厚度 15d时增加最显著 (P <0 .0 1)。尼莫地平组各时间点MDA含量均低于模型组 ,而SOD活性都高于模型组 ,差异有显著性。各时间点RGC计数减少和IRL厚度降低呈显著正相关 (r =0 .90 5 ,F =2 7.2 7,P <0 .0 1) ;视网膜MDA含量的降低和SOD活性的升高呈显著 相似文献
17.
A pathologic study of photoreceptor cell death in retinal photic injury 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
In the studies of retinal photic injury in the rat model, about 14-47% of the photoreceptor cell loss occurs in the first 24 hours. To understand the mechanism of this massive cell death and subsequent dissolution, we studied the early morphologic changes and examined the effect of cycloheximide, a protein synthesis inhibitor, on photic injury in rats. Groups of 2 dark-adapted albino Lewis rats were sacrificed immediately after 8, 16 or 24 hr of continuous exposure to green fluorescent light (intensity, 160-180 foot-candles; wavelength, 490-560 nm). An additional 2 rats were sacrificed 8 hr after a 24 hr light exposure, and 2 animals served as unexposed controls. The morphologic findings of the degenerating photoreceptor cells were assessed by light and electron microscopy. The integrity of the nuclear chromatin was investigated using a monoclonal anti-DNA antibody. Most of the photoreceptor cell loss was observed between 16 and 24 hr of exposure. No inflammatory or macrophagic cells were seen. Different stages of nuclear condensation and chromatin margination could be defined. The chromatin showed a progressive decrease in DNA labelling density. Scattered photoreceptor cells showed early cytoplasmic densification. To study the effect of cycloheximide, 4 rats were treated with 5 mg/kg subcutaneously at the start of a 24 hr exposure period and were sacrificed 6 hr after the exposure. Four untreated animals served as exposed controls for morphometric comparison of the outer nuclear layer (ONL). The control rats showed a 24% decrease in the thickness of the ONL when compared to cycloheximide-treated rats (p less than 0.001). The observations of mitochondrial changes and early DNA digestion were consistent with necrosis as the mechanism of cell death. However, in scattered photoreceptor cells, cytoplasmic densification, margination of nuclear chromatin, the lack of associated inflammation and the protective effect of cycloheximide were suggestive of apoptosis as another mechanism of cell death. 相似文献