转HOXB4基因人骨髓MSC促进脐血CD34~+细胞体外扩增

目的 研究转HOXB4基因的人骨髓间充质干细胞(MSC)对脐血CD34~+细胞体外扩增的支持作用.方法 用病毒载体质粒转染包装细胞293T,收获病毒上清(VCM)感染MSC后,用潮霉素筛选获得转HOXB4的MSC(MSC-HOX).分别将MSC(对照组)与MSC-HOX细胞(实验组)作为CD34~+细胞体外扩增的饲养层细胞,结合细胞因子Fh3/Flk3配体(FL)、促血小板生成素(TPO)、干细胞因子(SCF)和粒细胞-集落生长因子(G-CSF)体外扩增脐血CD34~+细胞10 d,收集所有脐血细胞,检测细胞总数、CD34~+细胞总数,集落细胞形成单位(CFU)数.结果 生产重组逆转录病毒可有效将HOXB4基因转入靶细胞内并表达.脐血CD34~+细胞经体外扩增10 d后,细胞总数和CFU数两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),脐血CD34~+细胞总数和比例高于对照组(P<0.05).结论 转HOXB4基因的人骨髓MSC在脐血CD34~+细胞体外扩增中,可保持CD34~+细胞未分化状态,有潜在的应用价值.     

人脐血CD34+造血干细胞的分离和体外扩增培养问题

目的通过细胞形态学观察以及计数法对分离得到的脐血CD34+造血干细胞进行研究,掌握脐血CD34+造血干细胞的生长规律和体外培养方法。方法采用Isolex50免疫磁珠法分离纯化脐血CD34+造血干细胞。在体外扩增培养中,将细胞因子SCF、IL-3、IL-6、G-CSF、EPO组合成不同实验组进行诱导,以检测单个核细胞数和集落形成单位(CFU)的形成率来找到细胞培养较好的细胞因子组合。结果本研究中使用细胞因子的细胞培养孔的单个核细胞数明显大于无细胞因子的细胞培养孔,使用此5种细胞因子联合对脐带造血干细胞培养效果最好。结论研究结果表明,不同的细胞生长因子组合会对培养CD34+造血干细胞产生不同的作用效果,对单个核细胞的增殖与扩增有明显的促进作用。     

骨髓间充质干细胞对造血干细胞"干性"的保持作用

目的 探讨骨髓间充质干细胞(MSCs)对造血干细胞(HSCs)"干性"的保持作用及其机制.方法 免疫磁珠分离纯化脐血HSCs-CD34+细胞,并分组培养:A组,CD34+细胞单独培养;B组,加细胞因子;C组,加细胞因子和MSCs(直接接触);D组,加细胞因子和MSCs(不接触);E组,加MSCs(直接接触);F组,加Mscs(不接触).0、7、14 d分别计扩增倍数、单位细胞数形成集落能力、CD34+比率,计数7 d时各组CD34+、CD34+CD38-比率.结果 随着时间延长扩增倍数增加(尤其B组),形成集落的能力和CD34+细胞比率渐下降,但E、F组下降不明显.结论 以MSCs为滋养层,对HSCs扩增作用不明显,但可更好地保持HSCs的"干性";这种保持"干性"的作用依赖于细胞与细胞间的相互黏附作用.     

生长抑素对人脐血CD34^＋细胞增殖能力的影响

目的探索生长抑素（SST）对造血干／祖细胞增殖能力的影响以及可能机制。方法采用免疫磁殊分选技术纯化人脐血CD34^＋细胞;SST孵育人CD34^＋细胞后,体外集落形成、扩增培养了解细胞增殖;ELISA测定细胞内外TNF-α、TGF-β水平;RT—PCR分析其受体亚型。结果在1&#215;10^-6～1&#215;10^-10mol／L浓度范围内,SST抑制人CD34^＋细胞集落形成及扩增倍数,其细胞集落形成抑制与SST浓度呈正相关（r=0．903,P〈0．01）。SST使CD34^＋细胞内、外TNF-α及TGF-β1浓度显著增加（P〈0．05）;人脐血CD34^＋细胞表达SST-3型受体。结论SST通过人脐血CD34^＋细胞上SST-3型受体介导,提高造血抑制因子TNF-α、TGF-β水平,抑制人CD34^＋细胞的增殖、维持其干细胞特性。     

利用诱导性多能干细胞技术体外扩增造血干/祖细胞的初步研究

目的 利用诱导性多能干细胞技术体外扩增造血干/祖细胞.方法 利用非整合型载体,将四个转录因子:Sox2、Klf4、Oct4和c-Myc导入脐血来源的造血干/祖细胞(CD34+细胞)重编程获得诱导性多能干细胞(iPSCs),再利用与小鼠骨髓基质细胞OP9共培养法将其定向分化成CD34+造血干/祖细胞.借助iPSCs可以在体外无限传代、大量扩增的特点,实现体外保存及大量扩增造血干/祖细胞的目的.结果 脐血CD34+细胞可以在体外重编程为非整合型iPSCs,并能够高效定向分化成为CD34+细胞,其分化效率比胚胎干细胞(ESCs)有显著提高.结论 利用诱导性多能干细胞技术体外大量扩增脐血造血干/祖细胞是一个可行的方案,具有良好的应用前景.     

系统性红斑狼疮患者血清IL-6对造血干细胞分化发育为树突状细胞的影响

目的 观察系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)患者血清中的白细胞介素6(IL-6)对脐血CD34 造血干细胞(HPC)体外诱导分化为树突状细胞(DCs)的影响.方法 淋巴细胞分离液分离获得脐血单个核细胞,免疫磁珠阳性分选CD34 HPC,采用粒-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(GM-CSF) IL- 4 肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)方案体外诱导分化形成DCs,加入高IL-6水平的SLE患者血清观察对细胞分化的影响.在培养的7、10和14d收集细胞,流式细胞术检测表型,细胞增殖/毒性(CCK-8)试剂盒分析DCs刺激同种异体淋巴细胞增殖的能力.结果 在高IL-6水平SLE血清的作用下,由HPC分化而来的DCs表达CD80、CD86上升,刺激同种异体淋巴细胞增殖的能力增强;IL-6中和抗体能够降低这种DCs的CD80、CD86表达水平和对同种异体淋巴细胞增殖的刺激能力.结论 SLE血清中的IL-6对造血干细胞向DCs分化、发育及DCs功能的活化可能起促进作用.     

脐血造血细胞扩增后细胞成分的变化

目的　探讨人脐血造血细胞体外扩增细胞数量和质量的变化及收获的最佳时机。方法　用重组人白细胞介素 - 3(rh IL- 3)、粒单集落刺激因子 (GM- CSF)和重组促红细胞生成素 (rh EPO)长期培养人脐血单个核细胞 ,动态观察其细胞构成和集落生成能力。结果　培养 1周后细胞总数逐渐增多 ,3周末细胞总数最多 ,扩增倍数为 (8± 4)倍 ,细胞构成则以髓系细胞为主 ;淋巴细胞 (CD3+ 、CD19+ )培养 1周明显下降 ,2周后低水平维持 ;培养 2周时 CD34+ 细胞百分比最高 ,为 (2 .4± 0 .7) % ,培养 3周时 CD34+ 细胞扩增倍数最大 ,为 (30± 7)倍 ,其中CD33+ CD34+ 细胞扩增倍数为 (4 5± 5 )倍。 CD71+ 细胞以培养 2周时最多 ,最高为 (5 1± 8) % ;CD42 a+ 细胞培养 3周时最高 ;单位数量细胞集落生成能力培养 ,1周时最大 ,但总的集落生成能力第 3周时最大。结论　含有上述生长因子的培养体系主要扩增脐血造血细胞的髓系细胞 ,次要扩增红系、巨核系细胞 ,最佳扩增时机为 3周。     

骨髓造血干细胞分离 保存的研究

目的探讨骨髓造血干细胞分离及保存的方法。方法应用羟乙基淀粉(HES)或percoll液分离骨髓造血干细胞;联合应用二甲基亚砜(DMSO)和HES对造血干细胞进行液氮保存。应用血细胞计数法、锥虫蓝拒染实验、粒-巨噬细胞集落生成单位(CFU-GM)的体外培养等方法对造血干细胞冷冻前后的有核细胞(NC)数、存活率、体外分化能力进行检测;应用流式分析法计数CD34+细胞数。结果利用HES沉降法分离的单个核细胞数、CD34+细胞数、CFU-GM集落数均比percoll液离心法明显增多;骨髓造血干细胞冷冻保存1年后的有核细胞数、CD34+细胞数、锥虫蓝活率、CFU-GM集落计数与保存前差异无统计学意义。结论HES法分离骨髓造血干细胞方法安全、有效;通过程序降温,联合使用DMSO及HES的低温冻存方法对骨髓造血干细胞的长期保存是适合的。     

造血干/祖细胞移行能力及影响因素的实验研究

目的：研究纯化脐血CD34^ 细胞移行穿越血管内皮细胞能力及影响因素。方法：免疫微磁珠阳性选择法（MACs)纯化脐血CD34^ 细胞，流式细胞仪测定基质细胞衍生因子（SDF－1α）受体（CXCR4）表达率；与干细胞因子（SCF）、白介素（IL）－6，IL－3及flt3配体（FL）共同孵育12小时，静脉内皮细胞株（ECV）接种于transwell滤膜上层，研究CD34^ 细胞在SDF－1α作用下移行穿越ECV的能力，transwell滤膜孔径为8μm，并观察阻断其表面粘附分子（CD62L、CD62E和VLA－4）后对迁移的影响。结果：CD34^ 细胞在自然状态下也能少量通过ECV细胞层，SDF－1α可显提高CD34^ 细胞移行能力，通过率与CD34^ 细胞表面CXCR4表达相关；CD34^ 细胞与SCF与IL－6共同孵育后，可明显提高其穿越ECV细胞的能力（P＜0．01）；单独或联合应用抗粘附分子抗体显减少CD34^ 细胞的穿内皮细胞移行（P＜0．01）。结论：CD34^ 细胞可穿过ECV内皮细胞层向SDF－1α浓度高的一侧移行，与IL－6和SCF共同培养后可增强CD34^ 细胞的移行能力，抗粘附分子单抗显减少CD34^ 细胞的移行。     

脐血来源树突状细胞的培养与鉴定

目的建立并鉴定脐血来源树突状细胞(DC)培养体系，在体外诱导脐血干细胞生成成熟DC。探讨其在抗肿瘤免疫中的作用。方法脐血CD34 来源的DC以两步法，即0天开始使用GM-CSF、TNF-α、SCF、TPO、FL20，8～14天用GM—CSF、TNF—α和IL-4诱导生成。并分别在形态(光学显微镜 电镜)、表面标记(流式细胞仪)和功能(同种混合淋巴细胞反应)上加以鉴定。结果在合适的细胞因子组合下，能够经过脐血干细胞培养得到成熟的DC，具备典型的DC形态并在体外有效刺激同种淋巴细胞增殖。结论通过合适的培养可以获得大量成熟D(：。     

Effects of encapsulated rabbit mesenchymal stem cells on ex vivo expansion of human umbilical cord blood hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells

The expansion of umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells (UCB MNCs) was investigated in a novel co-culture system by means of encapsulation of rabbit bone marrow (BM) mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in alginate beads (Alg beads). Three kinds of media were applied and the experiments lasted for 7 days. The total nucleated cell density was measured every 24 h. Flow cytometric assay for CD34(+) cells and methylcellulose colony assays were carried out at 0, 72 and 168 h. It was found that the encapsulated MSCs illustrated remarkable effects on UCB MNCs expansion regardless of whether serum is present in culture media or not. At the end of 168 h co-culture, the total nucleated cell number was multiplied by 15 +/- 2.9 times, and CD34(+) cells 5.3 +/- 0.3 times and colony-forming units in culture (CFU-Cs) 5.6 +/- 1.2 times in the serum-free media supplemented with conventional dose of cytokines, which was very similar to the results in the containing 20% serum media. While in the control, i.e. MNC expansion without encapsulated MSCs, however, total nucleated cells density changed mildly, CD34(+) cells and CFU-Cs showed little effective expansion. It is demonstrated that the encapsulated stromal cells can support the expansion of UCB MNCs effectively under the experimental condition.     

Effects of encapsulated rabbit mesenchymal stem cells on ex vivo expansion of human umbilical cord blood hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells

The expansion of umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells (UCB MNCs) was investigated in a novel co-culture system by means of encapsulation of rabbit bone marrow (BM) mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in alginate beads (Alg beads). Three kinds of media were applied and the experiments lasted for 7 days. The total nucleated cell density was measured every 24 h. Flow cytometric assay for CD34⁺ cells and methylcellulose colony assays were carried out at 0, 72 and 168 h. It was found that the encapsulated MSCs illustrated remarkable effects on UCB MNCs expansion regardless of whether serum is present in culture media or not. At the end of 168 h co-culture, the total nucleated cell number was multiplied by 15 ± 2.9 times, and CD34⁺ cells 5.3 ± 0.3 times and colony-forming units in culture (CFU-Cs) 5.6 ± 1.2 times in the serum-free media supplemented with conventional dose of cytokines, which was very similar to the results in the containing 20% serum media. While in the control, i.e. MNC expansion without encapsulated MSCs, however, total nucleated cells density changed mildly, CD34⁺ cells and CFU-Cs showed little effective expansion. It is demonstrated that the encapsulated stromal cells can support the expansion of UCB MNCs effectively under the experimental condition.     

人卵巢癌HO8910细胞株中干细胞的筛选及生物学特性鉴定

目的筛选人卵巢癌HO8910细胞株中的干细胞并观察其生物学特性。方法以常规培养的HO8910细胞为基础(对照组),采用紫杉醇结合无血清培养基悬浮培养法筛选卵巢癌干细胞(干细胞组)。对筛选出的干细胞分别采用MTT法检测细胞的增殖情况;体外侵袭实验检测细胞侵袭能力;流式细胞术检测CD24、CD44、CD45、CD133、CD117表达及Hoechst33342染色阳性率;Western blot检测ABCG2、Nanog、Oct4及BCRP等干细胞标志基因的蛋白表达,并对卵巢癌干细胞在裸鼠体内的致瘤性进行检测。结果 (1)在紫杉醇结合无血清培养筛选条件下,部分HO8910细胞能够较好的生长,具有干细胞特性。(2)干细胞组各时间点的细胞增殖能力较对照组明显增强。(3)干细胞组穿膜细胞数较对照组明显增多。(4)干细胞组CD24+、CD44+、CD45+的阳性表达率与对照组比较,差异均无统计学意义;CD133+、CD117+的阳性表达率及Hoechst33342染色阳性率与对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(5)干细胞组ABCG2、Nanog、Oct4、BCRP等干细胞标志基因的蛋白表达水平与对照组比较均明显增强。(6)干细胞组细胞在裸鼠体内致瘤性明显高于对照组。结论紫杉醇结合无血清培养基悬浮培养法能够筛选出具有干细胞特征的卵巢癌干细胞;卵巢癌干细胞在体外及体内的生物学特性较普通卵巢癌细胞有很大差异。     

六种重组细胞因子对人骨髓造血细胞的体外扩增效应

目的 :观察造血生长因子对骨髓CD34 +细胞的扩增效应及扩增细胞的分化特性。方法 :采用重组人白细胞介素 (rhIL) 1 +rhIL 3+rhIL6 +重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子 +重组人粒 巨噬细胞集落刺激因子和重组人干细胞因子对人骨髓单个核细胞 (MNC)进行刺激 ,动态观察了经上述细胞因子作用后MNC的增殖效应及液态扩增培养后粒 巨噬集落形成率 (CFU GM ) ,利用流式细胞技术 (FACS)分析了扩增前后CD34 +细胞及其亚群的动态变化。结果 :经上述 6种细胞因子作用 2 4d ,骨髓MNC总数是原代MNC的 38.33倍 ,液态扩增 1 0d后 ,CFU GM的数量达高峰 ,是原代MNC的 1 9.0 4倍 ,2 4d时CFU GM总数降至 3.94倍 ,且集落明显小于扩增初期。扩增至 6～ 1 0d ,CD34 +细胞总数是原代MNC的 1 36 .40～ 90 .40倍 ,1 9d时降为 6 1 .40倍。结论 :外源性造血生长因子对CD34 +骨髓细胞具有较强的扩增效应 ,选择适宜的扩增时间是保证骨髓移植后尽快重建造血功能的重要环节。     

UM171 promotes expansion of autologous peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cells from poorly mobilizing lymphoma patients

BackgroundAutologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is an effective therapeutic strategy for lymphoma patients. However, some patients have to give up receiving transplantation because of failing to obtain sufficient CD34⁺ cells yields. Therefore, we ex vivo expanded HSCs of lymphoma patients using UM171 to solve the problem of HSCs deficiency.MethodsMobilized peripheral blood-derived CD34⁺ cells from lymphoma patients were cultured for 10 days with or without UM171. The fold of cell expansion and the immunophenotype of expanded cells were assessed by flow cytometry. RNA-seq experiment was performed to identify the mechanism by which UM171 promoted HSCs expansion.ResultsUM171 treatment increased the proportion of CD34⁺ (68.97 ± 6.91%), CD34⁺ CD38⁻ cells (44.10 ± 9.20%) and CD34⁺CD38⁻CD45RA⁻CD90⁺ LT-HSCs (3.05 ± 2.08%) compared to vehicle treatment (36.08 ± 11.14%, 18.30 ± 9.49% and 0.56 ± 0.45%, respectively). UM171 treatment led to an 85.08-fold increase in LT-HSC numbers relative to initial cells. Importantly, UM171 promoted expansion of LT-HSCs achieved 138.57-fold in patients with poor mobilization. RNA-seq data showed that UM171 upregulated expression of HSC-, mast cell-specific genes and non-canonical Wnt signaling related genes, and inhibited genes expression of erythroid, megakaryocyte and inflammatory mediated chemokine.ConclusionsOur study shows that UM171 can efficiently promote ex vivo expansion of HSCs from lymphoma patients, especially for poorly mobilizing patients. In terms of mechanism, UM171 upregulate HSC-specific genes expression and suppress erythroid and megakaryocytic differentiation, as well as activate non-classical Wnt signaling.     

Human CD34+ progenitor hematopoiesis in liquid culture for in vitro assessment of drug-induced myelotoxicity

Utilization of validated CFU-GM assays for myelotoxicity screening is hampered by its labor-intensive and low-throughput nature. Herein, we transformed the defined CFU-GM assay conditions and IC₉₀ endpoint into a higher throughput format. Human CD34⁺ hematopoietic progenitors were cultured in a 96-well plate for 14 days with the same cytokine (rhGM-CSF) used in the CFU-GM assay. Expansion and differentiation toward myeloid lineages were manifested by characteristic changes in nuclear and cytoplasmic morphology and by temporal expression patterns of CD34, CD11b and CD13 markers. Inhibition of CD34⁺ cell myelopoiesis by 12 anticancer drugs known to induce myelotoxicity in the clinic was quantifiable using either general cytotoxicity endpoints (cell growth area or total nucleus count) or lineage specific readouts (count of cells expressing CD11b and/or CD13). The IC₅₀ and IC₉₀ values derived from the concentration-response curves of 14-day drug exposure in CD34⁺ cell culture were highly correlated with those from the international validation study of the CFU-GM assay, demonstrating capability to assess general cytotoxicity, cell proliferation and myelopoiesis simultaneously. These results suggest that this human CD34⁺ hematopoietic progenitor cell assay can be used as a direct replacement for the validated, low throughput CFU-GM assay, and could expand application of in vitro myelotoxicity testing.     

肿瘤干细胞来源的DC-CIK 对同源肿瘤细胞的杀伤作用

【摘要】目的 观察干细胞负载树突细胞诱导的杀伤细胞（CSC-DC-CIK）作为效应细胞对同源肿瘤细胞的杀伤作用,探讨CSC 抗原参与肿瘤杀伤作用的可行性。方法 培养肾癌细胞株A498 和肺癌细胞株A549,用流式分选术分离纯化CD133+细胞,分别作为肾癌干细胞（KSC）和肺癌干细胞（LSC）,冻融法制备抗原。提取健康产妇脐带血的单个核细胞,体外扩增诱导生成DC 和CIK 细胞。分别用上述CSC 抗原负载DC,与CIK 共培养（CSC-DC-CIK）,流式细胞术分析DC 和CIK 细胞免疫表型,ELISA 法检测细胞因子分泌水平,用乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）释放法检测CSCDC- CIK 对同源肿瘤细胞的杀伤效率。结果CSC-DC 的DC 免疫表型CD40+、CD80+、CD86+及HLA-DR+的表达均高于单纯DC 的相应免疫表型的表达（P < 0.01）;DC、CSC-DC 与CIK 共培养后的DC 免疫表型CD40+、CD80+、CD86+ 及HLA-DR+的表达均高于共培养前（P < 0.01）;CSC-DC 与CIK 共培养后的DC 免疫表型CD40+、CD80+、CD86+及 HLA-DR+的表达高于DC 与CIK 共培养后的相应免疫表型（P < 0.01）;DC、CSC-DC 与CIK 共培养后的CIK 免疫表型CD3+、CD8+、CD56+的表达高于共培养前（P < 0.01）;CSC-DC 与CIK 共培养后的CIK 免疫表型CD3+、CD8+、CD56+ 的表达高于DC 与CIK 共培养后的CIK 相应免疫表型（P < 0.01）;DC、CSC-DC 与CIK 共培养后的IFN-γ、TNF-α和 IL-2 分泌水平高于共培养前（P < 0.01）;CSC-DC 与CIK 共培养后的IFN-γ、TNF-α和IL-2 分泌水平高于DC 与CIK 共培养后的相应细胞因子表达（P < 0.01）;KSC-DC-CIK 组和LSC-DC-CIK 组对靶细胞的杀伤率为（50.21±4.24）% 和（49.32±3.89）%,明显高于DC-CIK 组的（30.25±3.11）%（F=89.157,P < 0.01）。结论 CSC 抗原负载DC 活化CIK （CSC-DC-CIK）对同源肿瘤细胞有更好的杀伤作用,对其作用机制和临床应用的可能性尚需深入研究。     

Development of a clinical grade procedure for generation of mRNA transfected dendritic cells from purified frozen CD34(+) blood progenitor cells

Enriched CD34(+) peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPC) are frequently used as stem cell support in cancer patients following high dose therapy. Since precursor dendritic cells (DCs) originate from haematopoietic progenitor cells, purified CD34(+) cells might also serve as starting cells for ex- vivo production of DC. In the present study we developed a clinical grade procedure for ex- vivo production of DC derived from enriched CD34(+) cells. Different concentrations of CD34(+) cells were grown in gas-permeable Teflon bags with different serum-free and serum-containing media supplemented with GM-CSF, IL-4, TNF-alpha, SCF, Flt-3L and INF-alpha. Serum-free CellGroSCGM medium for 7 days followed by CellGroDC medium in 7 days gave the same results as serum-containing medium. After incubation the cultured cells containing immature DCs were concentrated and transfected with tumour mRNA from human prostate cancer cell lines employing a highly efficient electroporation procedure. Thawed transfected DCs were able to elicit primary T-cell responses in vitro against antigens encoded by the prostate cancer mRNA as shown by ELISPOT assay using mock-transfected DCs as control. Our results show that frozen enriched CD34(+) cells can be an alternative and efficient source for production of DCs for therapeutic purpose.