腓肠神经营养血管皮瓣修复足踝部软组织缺损

目的探讨应用腓肠神经营养血管皮瓣修复足踝部软组织缺损的临床疗效。方法应用腓肠神经营养血管皮瓣来修复足踝部软组织缺损20例,其中15例为逆行皮瓣吻合皮神经促进感觉恢复,并在转移皮瓣时将小隐静脉与创周静脉吻合。结果除2例皮瓣软端部分坏死,其余皮瓣均成活良好。术后经5个月～2年随访,疗效满意。结论腓肠神经营养血管皮瓣是修复足踝部软组织缺损的理想皮瓣,切取方便,血供可靠,成活率高。     

小腿后侧带神经营养血管筋膜皮瓣的临床应用

目的:供区在小腿后侧逆行岛状筋膜皮瓣,分别采用隐神经-大隐静脉或腓肠神经-小隐静脉营养血管皮瓣修复小腿及足踝部皮肤软组织缺损的手术方式的临床效果.方法:本组19例,其中腓肠神经营养血管皮瓣修复小腿中下段皮肤缺损8例,修复足踝部皮肤缺损3例;隐神经营养血管皮瓣修复小腿部下段偏内侧皮肤缺损5例,修复足背内侧,足踝部皮肤缺损创面3例,皮瓣切取面积10cm×6cm～20cm×12cm.结果:本组19例全部成活,其中3例皮瓣边缘有坏死,合并有水泡,经过换药后治愈,1例部分坏死,经植皮后治愈,术后随访1～2年,皮瓣质地良好,色泽与周边皮肤相似,无肿,外观和功能均满意.结论:小腿后侧的此种带神经营养血管皮瓣,手术操作简便,血管恒定,不损伤主要血管,是修复小腿中下段、足踝部皮肤软组织缺损的理想方法.     

腓肠神经逆行岛状皮瓣修复小腿及足踝部软组织缺损的临床效果

目的探讨腓肠神经营养血管逆行岛状皮瓣修复小腿远端及足踝部软组织缺损的临床效果。方法采用腓肠神经营养血管逆行岛状皮瓣修复小腿远端及足踝部皮肤缺损29例,切取皮瓣范围5cm×4cm～16cm×12cm。结果29例皮瓣经平均1年随访,术后27例皮瓣全部成活,2例皮瓣远端边缘部分坏死。结论采用腓肠神经营养血管逆行岛状皮瓣修复小腿远端及足踝部皮肤缺损,该皮瓣血供可靠,切取方便,不损伤主干血管,基本满足小腿远端及足踝部创伤需要。     

带蒂腓肠神经营养血管皮瓣修复足踝部软组织缺损26例报告

目的:观察腓肠神经营养血管蒂逆行皮瓣修复足踝部软组织缺损的手术方法及临床效果。方法:应用带筋膜蒂的腓肠神经营养血管逆行皮瓣修复足踝部软组织缺损26例。急诊Ⅰ期修复11例,Ⅱ期修复15例。逆行切取皮瓣,皮瓣面积5cm×6cm～10cm×16cm。皮瓣蒂最长7cm,最短4cm,平均6cm。对于足底足背软组织缺损,同侧皮瓣不能修复,外固定架固定交腿腓肠神经营养血管皮瓣修复。结果:26例皮瓣全部成活,其中4例皮瓣远端皮缘部分坏死,经换药后愈合。经3～32个月随访,皮瓣外形满意,功能良好。结论:腓肠神经营养血管皮瓣切取简单,血管恒定动脉供血和静脉回流可靠,成活率高,是修复足踝部软组织缺损的有效方法。     

带皮桥腓肠神经营养血管逆行皮瓣修复足踝部软组织缺损

目的 总结应用带皮桥腓肠神经营养血管逆行皮瓣修复足踝部软组织缺损的临床效果.方法 13例外伤性足踝部软组织缺损患者应用带皮桥腓肠神经营养血管逆行皮瓣修复,腓肠神经皮瓣切取时蒂部携带宽约2.0 cm皮桥.结果 带皮桥腓肠神经营养血管逆行皮瓣修复足踝部软组织缺损,皮瓣血运好,无肿胀,全部成活.结论 应用带皮桥腓肠神经营养血管逆行皮瓣修复足踝部软组织缺损手术更安全,更可靠.     

腓肠神经营养血管蒂逆行岛状皮瓣修复足踝部软组织缺损体会

目的：探讨腓肠神经营养血管蒂逆行岛状皮瓣在修复足踝部软组织缺损中的应用价值。方法：应用腓肠神经营养血管蒂通行岛状皮瓣修复足踝部软组织缺损共16例，其中，甲组(吻合浅静脉组7例)，乙组(未吻合浅静脉组)9例。结果：甲组皮瓣最大成活面积160cm^2，平均126cm^2，乙组皮瓣最大成活面积108cm^2，平均94cm^2。结论:面积较小的足踝部软组织缺损(小于100cm^2)可以采用较为简单的不用吻合浅静脉的腓肠神经营养血管蒂逆行岛状皮瓣进行修复，如果缺损面积较大(大于100cm^2)则需采用进一步吻合小隐静脉与足背静脉的该皮瓣进行修复才是安全的。     

逆行腓肠神经营养血管皮瓣在修复足踝部软组织缺损中的应用

目的:探讨和评估逆行腓肠神经营养血管皮瓣对修复踝足部软组织缺损的疗效。方法:应用逆行腓肠神经营养血管皮瓣来修复踝足部软组织缺损26例,其中16例逆行皮瓣采用吻合皮神经促进感觉恢复。结果:除1例皮瓣远端部分坏死,其余皮瓣均成活良好。经9～18个月随访,疗效满意,足跟部的两点辨别觉达1.0～1.2cm。结论:逆行腓肠神经营养血管皮瓣是修复足踝部软组织缺损的理想皮瓣,其具有切取方便,血供可靠,成活率高的优点;缝合皮神经利于受区保护性感觉的恢复。     

延迟腓肠神经营养血管皮瓣修复足踝部软组织缺损

目的:探讨延迟腓肠神经营养血管皮瓣修复足踝部软组织缺损的临床应用。方法:2008年10月~2012年8月,对25例患者用延迟逆行腓肠神经营养血管皮瓣,修复足踝部皮肤软组织缺损。皮瓣设计与逆行腓肠神经营养血管岛状皮瓣相同,切取平面在深筋膜下间隙,保留穿支血管,预留结扎线,深筋膜下完全游离皮瓣后将皮瓣原位缝合。术后2~3天结扎血管1次,10~12天皮瓣血管重新建立,2期手术切取皮瓣修复创面,皮瓣面积最大17 cm×12cm,最小4cm×3cm。结果:25例中1例失访,1例皮瓣远端渗液,经冲洗换药后愈合,余23例皮瓣成活,无远端坏死,创面一期修复,24例延迟皮瓣经过6~24个月随访,平均16个月随访,皮瓣弹性、色泽正常,质地优良,无继发溃疡,耐磨损,皮瓣外观及肢体功能恢复满意。结论:延迟腓肠神经营养血管皮瓣具有切取简单,血供可靠,不牺牲主要动脉,皮瓣成活率高、质地良好的优点,是修复足踝部皮肤软组织缺损的理想方法。     

腓肠神经营养血管逆行皮瓣修复小腿及足踝软组织缺损

目的报道腓肠神经营养血管逆行皮瓣修复小腿下段及足踝部软组织缺损的临床效果。方法对不同原因所致的小腿下段胫前、足踝部软组织缺损16例,应用腓肠神经营养血管逆行皮瓣修复。皮瓣面积最小4cm×6cm,最大为10cm×18cm。结果术后15例皮瓣全部成活,1例皮瓣坏死,Ⅱ期植皮愈合。9例获6个月￣2年随访,皮瓣质地、弹性良好,感觉功能有不同程度恢复。结论腓肠神经营养血管逆行皮瓣手术操作简单,皮瓣血供良好,是修复小腿下段、足踝部软组织缺损的理想皮瓣。     

逆行腓肠神经营养血管蒂岛状皮瓣的临床应用

目的　探讨腓肠神经营养血管逆行皮瓣修复足部缺损的临床应用效果。方法　以腓肠神经及其营养血管为蒂, 根据创面大小, 在小腿后侧切取皮瓣, 逆行转移修复足部软组织缺损 18 例, 观察术后皮瓣成活情况。结果　术后18例逆行皮瓣全部成活, 切取的最大皮瓣为10 .5 cm×16 .5 cm。结论　腓肠神经营养血管逆行皮瓣切取简便, 成活率高, 是修复足部软组织缺损的理想供区。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.