细胞周期抑制蛋白p16、p27蛋白表达与垂体腺瘤侵袭性的关系

目的探讨p27、p16、PCNA的蛋白表达与垂体腺瘤侵袭性的关系,为根治垂体腺瘤及减少肿瘤术后复发提供实验依据。方法应用免疫组化SP法检测43例侵袭性垂体腺瘤和37例非侵袭性腺瘤的p16、p27和PCNA蛋白表达水平,分析p16、p27蛋白表达水平与PCNA蛋白表达之间的相关性。结果垂体侵袭腺瘤p16、p27蛋白表达较非侵袭组明显减低;复发组p16蛋白表达的阳性率与非复发组之间无统计学意义。p27蛋白表达的阳性率较非复发组减低有显著差异。结论p16、p27蛋白表达异常与垂体腺瘤的发生及侵袭性有关,它们的表达情况能作为垂体腺瘤侵袭性的参考指标。     

PTTG基因蛋白的表达与垂体腺瘤侵袭性和增殖能力的关系

目的探讨人垂体腺瘤中垂体肿瘤转化基因(PTTG)蛋白的表达与肿瘤侵袭性和增殖程度的关系。方法采用免疫组织化学染色方法检测手术切除石蜡包埋的63例垂体腺瘤(侵袭组45例,非侵袭组18例)组织中PTTG蛋白的表达,染色增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA),同时计数组织内微血管数量(MVD)。结果 PTTG在侵袭性垂体腺瘤中的表达水平显著高于非侵袭性垂体腺瘤。侵袭性垂体腺瘤中PCNA标记指数和微血管密度也显著高于非侵袭性垂体腺瘤。相关分析显示PTTG表达与垂体腺瘤内PCNA标记指数和微血管密度呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论 PTTG在垂体腺瘤形成过程中起重要作用,并与垂体腺瘤的侵袭性和增殖程度密切相关。     

垂体腺瘤p53蛋白表达及其意义

目的：研究突变型ｐ５３癌基因在垂体腺瘤中的表达。方法：应用免疫组化ＡＢＣ法检测６４例垂体腺瘤（复发组３１例，非复发组３３例），６例正常垂体、２例垂体瘤中ｐ５３蛋白表达阳性，非复发组中有２例ｐ５３蛋白表达阳性，两组差异有显著性。２例垂体癌ｐ５３蛋白强阳性表达，６例正常垂体无阳性表达。ｐ５３蛋白在不同激素类型垂体腺癌中的阳性表达率差异无显著性。结论：ｐ５３蛋白高表达与少数垂体腺癌在潜在恶性及复发有关，     

蝶窦侵袭性垂体腺瘤一例

患者男 ,3 2岁。因两鼻塞并出血 3年于 2 0 0 1年 10月就诊。查体 :双中鼻道见暗红色、光滑肿块 ,与鼻中隔黏连 ,不易分开 ,质地较脆 ,易出血。ＣＴ扫描和ＭＲＩ检查可见 :肿瘤主要位于鼻腔、鼻咽部及蝶窦内 ,鞍底、蝶骨被破坏。术中所见 :肿块位于鼻腔、鼻咽部、蝶窦及鞍底中央 ,硬脑膜上移 ,未受侵犯 ,肿物向前破坏鼻中隔 ,伴较多出血和囊性变。病理检查 :送检灰红色软组织一堆 ,总体积 6 0ｃｍ× 4 0ｃｍ× 1 2ｃｍ ,内含少量碎骨片。镜下观察 :肿瘤细胞呈片、巢状分布 ,细胞巢间血窦丰富 ,瘤细胞胞质多嗜酸性 ,细胞界限不清 ,核圆形 ,无…     

垂体腺瘤中E-cadherin和nm23蛋白表达与肿瘤生物学行为的关系

目的探讨垂体腺瘤中Ecadherin(Ecad)和nm23蛋白表达与肿瘤体积、激素分泌和侵袭性的关系。方法应用免疫组化SP法检测Ecad和nm23基因蛋白在23例侵袭性垂体腺瘤和24例非侵袭性垂体腺瘤组织中的表达。结果Ecad和nm23的表达在侵袭性垂体腺瘤组低于非侵袭性组(P<0.05),Ecad表达在非分泌型垂体腺瘤组低于分泌型组且与肿瘤体积呈负相关(P<0.05),Ecad与nm23表达间呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论Ecad与nm23表达降低可能与垂体腺瘤的侵袭性有关,Ecad表达降低可能影响垂体腺瘤细胞分化和促进细胞增殖,Ecad和nm23可作为评估垂体腺瘤侵袭能力的生物学指标之一。     

P16蛋白在乳腺癌中的表达及其与预后的关系

Ｐ１６蛋白在乳腺癌中的表达及其与预后的关系郭山春廖松林丁华野吴霞孟振行柳剑英皋岚湘田玉旺一、材料和方法９３例乳腺癌标本均为１９８６～１９９５年北京军区总医院外科切除标本，常规取材，１０％福马林固定，石蜡包埋。按１９８２年ＷＨＯ标准进行组织学分型，浸润...     

垂体腺瘤细胞培养的实验研究

目的 通过对垂体腺瘤细胞体外培养以垂体腺瘤细胞为移植物供体进行颅外移植,补充垂体功能不足及为腺垂体移植细胞库的建立奠定基础。方法 利用术中切除的垂体腺瘤组织进行了体外培养,并通过染色和放射免疫测定技术,评价体外培养的垂体腺瘤组织的功能状态,寻找其功能最佳间期的规律。结果 没有NGF和HRP介入的情况下,垂体腺瘤细胞的形态和功能状态在培养的第6天为最佳。结论 体外培养的垂体腺瘤细胞仍具有分泌激素的功能,为以垂体腺瘤细胞为移植物供体进行颅外移植的研究奠定了实验基础。     

大脑异位侵袭性垂体腺瘤1例

大脑异位侵袭性垂体腺瘤１例李振武卢华莉张玲患者男，１４岁。１９９３年９月，因阵发性头晕、头痛、双眼视力下降１年就诊。体检：神志清，双侧视神经乳头水肿，左下肢巴宾斯基征阳性。头颅ＣＴ示右颞顶叶占位。术中见肿瘤位于右颞顶部，边界清，血供丰富。术后临床诊断...     

垂体腺瘤激素灰度值与内分泌症状关系

垂体腺瘤是鞍内最常见的肿瘤，占颅内肿瘤的第２位〔１〕。本文应用免疫组化技术及计算机辅助图像测量系统的灰度测量技术，对３６例垂体腺瘤激素类型及阳性程度进行测量，探讨其临床病理联系。１材料与方法１．１临床资料３６例垂体腺瘤，男１４例，女２２例，年龄１６～...     

鼻咽侵袭性垂体泌乳素细胞腺瘤1例

正患者女性,58岁。因无明显诱因出现鼻塞、鼻根部疼痛和视力障碍入院,垂体增强扫描示:蝶鞍明显扩大,蝶鞍及斜坡骨质破坏,鞍内及鞍上区见不规则软组织信号块形成,呈等T1略高混杂T2信号,肿块上部及后部见斑片状、条状短T1长T2信号影,较大截面的体积为4.6 cm×4.5 cm×5.4 cm(图1),增强扫描明显不均匀强化,病灶侵犯蝶窦、筛窦后部,向上突向鞍上池,向下突破鞍底,呈结节状突向鼻咽腔及后鼻孔区,部分包绕双侧颈内动脉海绵窦段,垂体信号     

神经生长因子受体在垂体腺瘤中的表达

目的：探讨两种神经生长因子（ＮＧＦ）受体（ＴｒＫＡ和ｇｐ７５）在各类垂体腺瘤中的表达。方法：采用免疫细胞化学ＳＡＢＣ法,检测了４４例经病理证实的垂体腺瘤中两种ＮＧＦ受体的表达情况。结果：ＴｒＫＡ在垂体ＰＲＬ分沁腺瘤中的过度表达率６９．２％,而在其它类型垂体腺瘤中的过度表达率为１９．４％,两者比较差异有非常显著性（Ｐ〈０．００５）。ｇｐ７５在垂体ＰＲＬ分泌腺瘤中的过度表达率在４６．２％,而在其它类型     

Correlation between PCNA expression and AgNOR dots in pituitary adenomas

Nucleolar organizer regions are segments of DNA associated with argyrophilic proteins (AgNORs). Our previous findings showed that the number, the area, and the intranuclear localization of AgNOR dots differ according to tumor aggressiveness and to the hormone-immunopositivity of pituitary adenomas. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is a nuclear protein, whose expression is correlated with cell proliferation. The aim of the present paper was to examine PCNA-labeling indexes in pituitary adenomas and to correlate them with AgNOR dots in various immunohistochemical types of the tumors. Histological slides from 32 pituitary tumors and one normal pituitary were silver-stained and analyzed with a computerized system for microscopic image analysis. We found that the percentage of PCNA-positive cells did not differ significantly among examined groups of monohormonal adenomas. However, tumors immunopositive for α-subunit (α-SU) showed a significantly higher (p<0.05) PCNA index than adenomas immunonegative for that unit. PCNA index in recurrent tumors was significantly higher than in primary adenomas. There was a moderate positive correlation between the PCNA index and the mean area of AgNOR dots and a similar correlation between the PCNA index and the area of the biggest dot in the nucleus. The obtained results reveal that the PCNA indexes and estimated parameters of AgNOR dots differ according to tumor aggressiveness.     

Cytokeratin CK 7 and CK 20 expression in pituitary adenomas

The pattern of immunohistochemical expression of cytokeratins 7 (CK 7) and 20 (CK 20) is commonly used to assess possible primary sites of metastatic carcinomas. Because pituitary tumors are almost always benign, there has been little interest in their cytokeratin profile. However, we recently reported the use of CK 7/20 expression to document malignant progression and metastasis of a pituitary tumor, indicating the potential diagnostic usefulness of the CK 7/20 profile of pituitary adenomas. We analyzed CK 7/20 expression in 97 pituitary adenomas subclassified by immunohistochemical hormone expression. In about 90% of all subtypes, CK 7 was either negative or reactive in only a few scattered cells. Corticotrophs and sparsely granulated growth hormone-positive adenomas were consistently CK 20 positive (and CK 7 negative) whereas all other subtypes were almost always CK 20 negative. This CK 20-positive, CK 7-negative profile is previously described consistently only in colonic adenocarcinomas. This study documents that subtypes of pituitary adenomas have different CK 7/20 profiles. Whereas this pattern is likely to have diagnostic usefulness in only rare adenomas, the presence of a unique CK signature in corticotrophs and sparsely granulated growth hormone-positive adenomas, subtypes particularly noted for invasive and aggressive behavior, merits further investigation.     

Glucocorticoid receptor expression in nontumorous human pituitaries and pituitary adenomas

Glucocorticoids have multiple actions, including a suppressive feedback effect on pituitary corticotrophs via the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). By immunocytochemistry, we studied GR expression in 86 surgically removed various pituitary adenoma types. Ten cases contained nontumorous pituitary fragments, which were suitable for immunocytochemical investigation. In addition, 30 autopsy-obtained pituitaries, 10 of them containing incidental microadenomas, were examined as well. Using a polyclonal GR antibody, the streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method revealed nuclear and/or cytoplasmic GR immunoreactivity in many nontumorous corticotrophs and other adenohypophysial cell types and in S-100 protein immunopositive stellate cells. Cellular localization was confirmed by double immunostaining. Pars intermedia corticotrophs, posterior lobe axons, Herring bodies, and pituicytes as well as several endothelial cells lining the capillaries were also immunopositive. GR immunoreactivity was also demonstrated in many GH, PRL, ACTH, TSH, FSH, LH α-subunit producing adenomas, null cell adenomas, and oncocytomas. The extent and degree of immunostaining varied considerably from case to case. Suppressed corticotrophs showing the Crooke’s hyaline change due to glucocorticoid excess were present in the nontumorous pituitaries of patients with Cushing’s disease and in those treated with pharmacologic doses of glucocorticoids. Many suppressed nontumorous corticotrophs exhibited only weak or no GR immunopositivity, indicating GR downregulation accompanied by cellular injury. Study of autopsy obtained pituitaries for GR yielded inconclusive results indicating that autopsy obtained adenohypophyses are not suitable for the immunocytochemical investigation of GR.     

Amyloid in pituitary adenomas

71 surgically removed pituitary adenomas with amyloid deposits were studied by light microscopical and immunohistological means. In none of the adenomas was there a predominance of amyloid deposits. There were no correlations between the extent or pattern of the deposits with either age, immunohistological hormone content or localization. Our results do not support either of the theories about the origin of amyloid--whether mesenchymal or produced by adenoma cells--in pituitary adenomas.     

Clinical and genetic aspects of familial isolated pituitary adenomas

Pituitary adenomas represent a group of functionally diverse neoplasms with relatively high prevalence in the general population. Most occur sporadically, but inherited genetic predisposing factors are increasingly recognized. Familial isolated pituitary adenoma is a recently defined clinical entity, and is characterized by hereditary presentation of pituitary adenomas in the absence of clinical and genetic features of syndromic disease such as multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 and Carney complex. Familial isolated pituitary adenoma is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner and accounted for approximately 2-3% of pituitary tumors in some series. Germline mutations in the aryl-hydrocarbon interacting protein gene are identified in around 25% of familial isolated pituitary adenoma kindreds. Pituitary adenomas with mutations of the aryl-hydrocarbon interacting protein gene are predominantly somatotropinomas and prolactinomas, but non-functioning adenomas, Cushing disease, and thyrotropinoma may also occur. These tumors may present as macroadenomas in young patients and are often relatively difficult to control. Furthermore, recent evidence indicates that aryl-hydrocarbon interacting protein gene mutations occur in >10% of patients with sporadic macroadenomas that occur before 30 years of age, and in >20% of children with macroadenomas. Genetic screening for aryl-hydrocarbon interacting protein gene mutations is warranted in selected high-risk patients who may benefit from early recognition and follow-up.